UNIT 4 SECTION 3 GRAMMAR-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册五维课堂同步Word教案（北师大版2019）

SECTION Ⅲ　GRAMMAR GRAMMAR 1——进行时态 语境佳句 语法感悟 1.I've been writing the composition for two hours，but I haven't finished it yet. 2．I have been wanting to meet you for a long time. 3．In 1996，I moved to Canada with my husband and I have been living there since then. 4．I had been studying for two hours when he called. 5．It had been snowing for several days.The ground was all covered with snow. 6．We will be travelling by camel with local guides，camping in tents and sleeping on the ground. 7．I will be enjoying myself with my family members this weekend. 8．What will you be doing this time the day after tomorrow？ (1)进行时的基本构成：be＋doing。 (2)进行时常考的几种形式： ①现在进行时 is/am/are doing ②过去进行时 was/were doing ③将来进行时 will be doing ④现在完成进行时 have been doing ⑤过去完成进行时 had been doing (3)句1、2和3为现在完成进行时，表示现在一段时间一直发生或刚刚完成的事，不强调任何结果。 (4)句4和5为过去完成进行时，表示在过去某时间之前一直发生的动作，不强调任何结果。 (5)句6、7和8为将来进行时，表示将来某时间点或某时间段发生的动作，不强调任何结果。 进行时属于一种常用时态，表示在某个时间点或时间段某动作的连续性，一般不强调所造成的结果。进行时有几种形式：现在进行时；现在完成进行时；过去进行时；将来进行时和过去完成进行时等几种。 时间 构成 现在进行 be doing 现在完成 have/has been doing 过去进行 was/were doing 将来进行 will be doing 过去完成 had been doing 本单元主要涉及三种进行时的语法知识。 一、现在完成进行时 1．现在完成进行时的基本用法 (1)表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在并有可能延续下去，只强调动作的延续性，不强调其必然结果，常与for，since，all the time，all the morning，these few days，all night等引出的时间状语连用。 They have been living here for 10 years. 他们住在这里10年了。 I have been waiting for you for about half an hour. 我等你大概半个小时了。 (2)表示动作的反复性。 They have been discussing the matter several times this year. 他们今年已经数次讨论那件事了。 (3)表示某种感情色彩。 I have been waiting to see you for a long time. 长久以来，我一直等着见你。 [名师点津] 表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 我认识他已经好几年了。 I have known him for years.(√) I have been knowing him for years.(×) ◆[即学活用1]——单句语法填空 ①—Where is Peter? I can't find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and 　has been writing　 (write) his essay there ever since. ②The girl has a great interest in sports and 　has been taking　 (take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years. ③In order to find the missing child，villagers 　have been doing　 (do) all they can over the past five hours. ④Tom 　has been working　 (work) hard since the new term began. ⑤I 　have been playing　 (play) football all the morning，so I'm sweating heavily. 2．现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 时态 基本语法功能 动作的反复 感情色彩 现在完成 进行时 表示动作的持续 可表示动作的反复 可表示强烈的感情色彩 现在 完成时 表示动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 不表示动作的反复 一般不含有感情色彩 He has written a letter. 他写了一封信。(信已写好) He has been writing a letter. 他一直在写一封信。(信尚未完成) Have you met him recently? 你最近见过他吗？(现实结果) Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗？(动作的反复) My father has lost his keys. 我父亲把钥匙丢了。(陈述事实) My father has always been losing his keys. 我父亲总是丢钥匙。(“有责怪或无奈”之意) ◆[即学活用2]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①That famous painting 　has been missing　 (miss) for two weeks now.The police 　have been looking　 (look) for it. ②I 　have been writing　 (write) the book，but I still 　haven't finished　 (not finish) it. ③They 　have　 never 　learnt　 (learn) to swim. ④We 　have been looking　 (look) forward to our summer vacation. ⑤He 　has developed a good habit　 (养成了好习惯) of independent learning.No wonder he ranks first in every exam in his class. ⑥Now that Lucy is out of work，she 　has been considering going back　 (一直考虑回去) to school，but she 　hasn't decided　 (未决定) yet. 二、过去完成进行时 过去完成进行时的基本用法 过去完成进行时表示在过去某时或者某个动作之前一直进行的动作，暗示该动作持续到过去某时或过去某个动作发生时，且还可能持续下去。常与by引出的时间状语、before或when引导的从句(从句用一般过去时)、表示一段时间的状语(如for hours，all these days)等连用。 They had been building the road by the end of last month. 到上个月月末为止他们一直在修建这条路。 He came back late because he had been waiting for her for two hours. 他回来得晚，因为他一直等了她两个小时。 He had been studying English for three years before he went abroad. 在他出国之前，他学习英语已经三年了。 ◆[即学活用3]——完成句子 ①She was very tired.She 　had been working　 all day. 她很累了。她整天都在工作。 ②When I first met Jane，she 　had been working　 in that school for 10 years. 我第一次遇到简的时候，她已在那所学校工作了10年了。 ③How long 　had it been raining　 before you shut the window? 你关窗户之前雨下了多久了？ 三、将来进行时 1．基本用法 (1)表示在将来某一时间段内或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 What will you be doing at eight tomorrow? 明天八点你会在做什么？ (2)表示已经决定或安排好要发生的动作。 I shall be having an exam at this time tomorrow. 我明天这个时候正在考试。 (3)表示预测可能会发生的事。 The weather report says that it will be raining when we hold the sports meeting. 天气预报说我们举行运动会时将有雨。 (4)表示亲切或委婉的语气。 Will you be visiting the national park to see the wildlife up close? 你将要去参观国家公园来近距离地观看野生动物吗？ 2．将来进行时与一般将来时的区别 (1)一般将来时表示将来某一时间将要发生的动作；将来进行时通常表示将来某个时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 When he comes，I will give him some advice. 当他来时，我会给他一些建议。 When I get home，he will probably be watching TV. 当我到家时，他也许正在看电视。 (2)两者均可表示将来，但用将来进行时语气更委婉。 When will you pay back the money? 你什么时候还钱？(似乎在直接讨债) When will you be paying back the money? 这钱你什么时候还呢？(语气委婉) (3)有时一般将来时中的will含有“愿意”的意思，而will用于将来进行时时则只是单纯地谈未来的情况。 Mary won't pay this bill. 玛丽不肯付这笔钱。(表意愿) ◆[即学活用4]——单句语法填空 ①When he comes to my house tomorrow，I 　will be writing　 (write)the report. ②Don't phone me between 8：00 and 10：00.We 　will be having　 (have)classes then. ③I think that she 　will be working　 (work) on this experiment until tomorrow morning. ④Premier Li 　will be making　 (make)a speech on TV at 8 p．m. on Friday evening. ⑤As you go through this book，you 　will find　 (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. GRAMMAR 2——副词 语境美文 语法感悟 　　The young employee，who often arrives early in the office，works hard there and is very smart.Besides，he never feels bored，doing the same work day after day.Unfortunately，he still stays single，because he has no time to date(约会)．Actually，he is too shy and a bit stubborn.Luckily enough，his fellow employee，Marry the Beauty，is devoted to and has fallen in love with him.But his parents knows nothing about it and therefore always shout angrily at him：“I strongly demand that you get married and bring grandchild for us.” 副词在句中常作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。副词通常分为时间副词、地点副词、频率副词、方式副词、连接性副词和程度副词。 (1)early，hard，there，never，always，angrily，there，still，never，too和strongly修饰动词。 (2)unfortunately，luckily和actually修饰句子。 (3)besides和therefore是连接性副词。 副词(Adverb 简称adv.)是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。 (一)副词的分类 副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词、表顺序、表完成的副词。 1．时间副词，如：early，now 2．频率副词，如：often，always 3．地点副词，如：here，there，above，outside 4．方式副词，如：hard，well，badly，fast，slowly 5．程度副词，如：very，quite，much，still，almost 6．疑问副词(放在特殊疑问句的句首)，如：how，when，where，why 7．关系副词(放在定语从句句首)，如：when，where，why 8．连接副词(放在名词从句句首)，如：how，when，where，why，whether (二)副词的位置 1．在实义动词之前。 2．在be动词、助动词之后。 3．有多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 [名师点津] (1)大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。 We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. 我们能够清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。 (2)方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well.他英语说得好。 (三)副词的排列顺序 1．时间、地点副词：小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2．方式副词：短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些、仔细一些。 3．多个不同副词排列：程度＋地点＋方式＋时间副词。 [名师点津] (1)副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 I very like English.(×) I like English very much.(√) (2)副词enough要放在副词或形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。 I don't know him well enough.我对他不太熟悉。 There is enough food for everyone to eat. 有足够的食物供每个人吃。 (四)副词的后缀 变化形式 例词 直接加­ly(表示以某种方式) slow→slowly 缓慢地 extreme→extremely 极端地 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，改y为i，加­ly happy→happily 高兴地 merry→merrily 快乐地 去e加­ly true→truly 真正地 以le结尾的形容词去e加­y simple→simply简单地 gentle→gently温柔地 [名师点津]　形容词变副词通常是加­ly，其变化有规律可循，请记住以下口诀： 一般直接加，－元(e)去e加，－辅(y)改i加，le结尾e改y。 分别举例如下：quick－quickly; true－truly; happy－happily; possible－possibly ◆[即学活用]——1.将下列形容词变为副词 ①quiet——　quietly　 ②hopeful ——　hopefully　 ③careless——　carelessly　 ④healthy ——　healthily　 ⑤busy——　busily　 ⑥fortunate——　fortunately　 ⑦suitable——　suitably　 ⑧fast ——　fast　 ⑨active——　actively　 ⑩probable——　probably　 2．单句语法填空 ①What a strong wind! It's blowing 　strongly　(strong)． ②I feel 　terribly　 (terrible) sorry for missing the chance of answering your letter in time. ③Work gets done 　more easily　 (easy) when people do it together，and the rewards are higher too. ④He began to take political science 　seriously　 (serious) only when he left school. ⑤The final score of the basketball match was 93－94.We were only 　narrowly　 (narrow) beaten. ⑥We do meet now and then，but not 　regularly　 (regular)． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$