第八章 动词的时态和语态-【创新教程】2026年高考英语语法知识大全

英语语法 第八章 动祠的时态和语态 ☑基础达标 2.This stadium see)many I.从括号中选出适当的短语填空 thrilling foot ball games. 1.DThat piece of music sounds quite fa- 3.-Hi,let's go skating. miliar.Who (plays/is playing) Sorry,I'm busy right now.I the piano upstairs? (fill)in an application form for a new ②Little Linda (plays/is pla- job. ying)the piano upstairs every weekend. 4.I'm calling about the apartment you 2.①The manager has told/has (advertise)the other day.Could you been telling)the workers how to im- tell me more about it? prove the programme since 9 a.m. 5.During the last three decades,the num- ②He (has played/have been ber of people participating in physical fit- playing)for the national team in 65 mat- ness programs increase) ches so far. sharply. 3.DIn my hometown,there is always a 6.Writing out all the invitations by hand harvest supper for the farmers after all was more time-consuming than we the wheat (was/has been)cut. (expect). 2I felt very tired when I got home,and 7.They made up their mind that they (went /have gone)straight to (buy)a new house once Larry bed. changed jobs. 4.DI found the lecture hard to follow be- 8.Sofia looked around at all the faces;she cause it (started/had started) had the impression that she when I arrived. (see)most of the guests before. 2If you don't like the drink you 9.Close the door of fear behind you,and (ordered had ordered),just leave it and you (see)the door of faith try a different one. open before you. 5.DWe are confident that the environment 10.The manager is said to have arrived (is/will be)improved by our back from Paris where he further efforts to reduce pollution (meet)some European business part- ②Whenever you (buy/will ners. buy)processed foods,you should check 11.If nothing do),the oceans their dates of production. will turn into fish deserts. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 12.Hundreds of jobs (lose)if the 1.Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock factory closes. this afternoon because she 13.A new cinema (build)here. (teach)a class at that time. They hope to finish it next month. ·25· 英语语法 14.-Have you heard about that school 4.风筝是2000多年前在中国发明的，被认 bus accident? 为是人类创造的最早的飞行物体 Yes.Fortunately,all on board inclu- Kites,which were invented over 2,000 ding the driver (save). years ago in China, to be the earliest flying objects created 15.Up to now,thousands of red phone bo- by humans. xes,the old image of Britain, 5.他拾头一看，发现埃里克挂在阳台上。 (remove)due to mobile phones. 他迅速地把工具扔到一边，开始跑起来， Ⅲ.修改病句 双臂张开。 1.Over the past decade,social scientists He looked up and saw Eric hanging from discovered more benefits of regular ex- the balcony.He quickly ercise. aside,and started running,arms 2.She was back on the hillside where she out. ☑素养提升 started. 3.Excuse me,I don't realize I was blocking I.高考在线 1.(2025·全国一卷)“The players'person your way. alities reveal)during the 4.The palace caught fire three times in the game,and one's weaknesses are exposed last century,and little of the original to the opponent,"she adds. building is remaining now. 2.(2025·北京卷)By the time you brushed 5.When I was in high school,I was your teeth,you (make)sever- weighed 70 kg. al decisions even without noticing. N.完成句子 3.(2025·北京卷)Usually,better out- 1.《茉莉花》是一首受欢迎的中国歌曲，它 comes (achieve)through a 可以追溯到18世纪。 thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. Jasmine Flower is a popular Chinese 4.(2025·北京卷)However,according to song which the 18th a report by the World Wildlife Fund, century. tourists (leave)over 1.3 bil- 2.到14岁的时候，他已经自学了高等 lion tons of food waste last year... 数学。 5.(2024·新课标I卷)Further,the Silk By the end of he was 14 years old,he Route Garden around the greenhouse advanced mathemat- walk)visitors through a ics by himself. journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road. 3.在过去的三年里，我参加了一个志愿者 6.(2o24·新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later,a 项目，拜访了我所在地区的老年人。 six-meter-tall pavilion,inspired by The I in a volunteer pro- Peony Pavilion, (build)at the gramme,visiting elderly people in my Firs Garden,just ten minutes'walk area for the last three years. from Shakespeare's birthplace. ·26· 英语语法 7.(2024·浙江1月卷)However,though 16.(2022·全国乙卷，63)The chairman of it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of the China Culture Promotion Society sausages,it would help even more if (address)the opening ceremony. they could sometimes (offer) 17.(2022·新高考I卷，60)The GPNP in smaller packs. (design)to reflect the guiding 8.(2024·全国甲卷)They (be) principle of "protecting the authenticity part of a 15-member exploring party that and integrity(完整性)of natural eco- had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. systems,preserving biological diversi- 9.(2024·全国甲卷)What should ty,protecting ecological buffer zones, (do)with such a beautiful place? and leaving behind precious natural as- 10.(2023·北京卷)Years later,having sets(资产)for future generations'” moved to France,I turned up at the ap- 18.(2022·全国乙卷)The New Theatre pointed hour for a dinner,only to find (be)the home of quality drama, that no other guest (arrive) musicians,dance and children's shows and my hostess was still in her sleeping for more than 100 years. suit. 19.(2021·浙江卷，65)After Lincoln was 11.(2023·北京卷)Up to now,China elected President of the US in 1861, (establish)a number of pro- they rented the house and tected areas with mangroves. 12.(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited sev-- (sell)most of their furniture. eral times over the last 10 years,I 20.(2021·全国甲卷)Port Lympne Re (amaze)by the co-existence of old serve,which runs a breeding（繁育) and new,and how a city was able to programme, welcome) keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while the arrival of a rare black rhino calf( constantly growing. 牛幼崽) 13.(2023·浙江1月卷)Citizens of higher 21.(2021·全国乙卷)At the beginning of social classes (permit)to live the year,the artists (build)a closer to the center of the circles. piece called“Strawpocalypse,”a pair of 14.(2023·浙江1月卷)The large si- 10-foot-tall plastic waves,frozen mid- heyuan of these high-ranking officials crash. and wealthy businessmen often 22.(2020·北京卷)Oliver is a host of a (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). TV programme on food.He says food 15.(2022·全国甲卷，67)In the last five play)a big role in his years,Cao (walk)through 34 life. countries in six continents,and in 23.(2020·北京卷，4)Single-use plastic 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanja- bags are used at most a few times be- ro,Africa's highest mountain. fore they (throw)away. ·27· 英语语法 24.（2020·新课标I卷)..“because it 2.(2025·辽宁名校联盟联考)Over time, (mean)we have the chance the design and materials of down jackets to obtain information about how the (undergo)significant im- moon (construct).” provements,making them lighter and 25.(2020·山东卷)The80,000 objects more fashionable. collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for exam- 3.(2025·湖南娄底适应性考试)The Chi- nese made their wooden buildings slight- ple, (form)the core collec- ly flexible to withstand natural disasters tion of the British Museum that opened and for easier repair and reconfiguration in1759. as the need (arise). 26.(2020·山东卷)The parts of a museum 4.(2025·浙江诸暨市适应性考试)The open to the public (call)gal- fastest runner who (visit)all leries or rooms. checkpoints is the winner. 27.(2020·浙江卷)And,as more children 5.(2025·山西忻州联考)The exhibition were born,more food opened on March 8 and will run through (need). to June 11.It (highlight) 28.(2020·浙江卷)By about6000BC,peo the rich archaeological significance of the ple (discover)the best crops Nihewan site in Hebei Province,North to grow and animals to raise. China,and aims to enhance public un- 29.(2020·天津卷)The number of medical derstanding of the region's history. schools reached 18 in the early 1990s 6.(2025·哈尔滨六中四模)In recent and (remain) around years,concertgoers pay) that level ever since. eye-popping prices for tickets to see 30.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)I love coming here popular artists like Beyonce,Taylor Swift and Oasis on tour. and seeing my family and all the friends 7.(2025·陕西镇安月考)The sun I (make)over the years. (heat)the water and turns it into vapour Ⅱ.精选模拟 (蒸汽). 1.(2025·福建莆田教学检测)In July2023, 8.(2025·四省联考)The Grand Song of Yuxuan joined Fusion Motorsport,which the Dong ethnic minority group was lis- is known as a British kart racing team. ted on the UNESCO list of Intangible Cul- His first major competition in the UK tural Heritage in 2009.Last Wednesday,a (see)him finish 1lth out of 30 performance (stage)in Hong in his class,a breakthrough moment for Kong,drawing crowds of locals and him. international tourists. ·28· 英语语法 9.(2025·安徽芜湖)Laughter erupted, membered something the office boy 7. but the village elder (speak) (tell)me at noon.He said that my wife highly of my honesty. 8. (phone)saying that she 9. 10.(2025·宁波三地二模)Social media (go)shopping in the afternoon with the platforms (flood)with users children. sharing their own“Hengshui--style” There 10. be)only one handwriting samples and offering tuto- thing for me to do:I had to climb in rials and tips for mastering the style. through a window. 11.(2025·辽宁名校联盟联考)By proper (二) cleaning and maintenance,the warmth Air pollution is becoming more and of the down jacket can be maintained, more serious.Everyone should be con- and its life can (extend). cerned about the problem.It 1. 12.(2025·重庆三诊)Oracle bone(甲骨) (affect)us all,and as it continues to wors- inscriptions are the earliest-known writing en,so the environmental impact increases. system in China and (list)in One of the major causes of air pollution in the UNESCO Memory of the World cities is car use.Cars 2. (use)for Register in 2017. even the shortest of journeys,and all ef- 13.(2025·江西新余模拟)In1998,Leqing forts by governments to encourage people exquisite paper-carving works to use public transport seem to be failing. (honor)as the“Only One in China”. Industry is another major cause of pollution Ⅲ.语篇填空（用所给动词的适当形式 in our cities,but fortunately,new industrial 填空) sites 3. (build)away from large (一) urban centres now. It was getting dark when I 1. 1t4. (say)that there are too (get)home.It was cold and I 2. many contributing factors for us to decide (wear)a coat.I walked up to the door and exactly which one is the main problem,but put my hand into my pocket to take out my I believe that one of the most serious prob- key but I 3. (can)not find it.I lems that needs to deal with is the use of suddenly remembered that I 4. the car.In some cities laws 5. (leave)it on my desk in the office.It really (pass)concerning car use.Athens,for ex- didn't make any difference.I knew my wife 5. ample,only 6. (allow)a certain (be)at home and the children number of cars into the city centre.In my must have come back from school by now, (knock)at the door. opinion,this is a good idea.With this kind so I 6. There was no answer,so I knocked of law,people have no choice and 7. again.I continued knocking at the door for (force)to use buses and trains.Then pub- some time.I was getting angry.Then I re- lic transport 8. (use). ·29·参考答案 5.hurting→wounding hurt表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦， 6.proved考查动词时态。句意：它有刷成白色的管道和 强调疼痛感”。wound表示“由剑、刀、枪等造成身体上 亮红色的车厢，证明是在大众中特别受欢迎的。根据空 较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。由语境不难判 格后面的形容词popular和给出的提示词，可知此处 断用wound。 prove作系动词，“证明是、原来是、结果是”，根据前句时 IV.1.broke down 2.brought up 3.check in 4.cut back 态一般过去时。故填proved, on 5.fell down 6.got along 7.hand in 8.look after 7.grew考查动词时态。句意：其麒宇成长于壮锦工匠家 素养提升 庭。冀麒宇毕业后返乡并剑立了壮锦合作社。空处作 I,1.occurred考查动词形式。句意：20世纪60年代末 句子的谓语，根据本段后文内客可知，此处在叙述过去 和70年代，澳大利亚也发生了类似的运动。由in the 发生的事情，动词应用一般过去时。故填grew。 late1960sand1970s可知，空格处应用动词的过去时 8.as考查动词短语。句意：他们认为你们是“脸朝下的一 形式。 代”，因为你们用手机的频率太高了。根据句意和句中 2.如句意：此外，你的父母还可以参加专门为他们远择的 的think of可知，空格处应该填入介词as和think of搭 研讨会，学习前沿科学。participate in参加。 配think of sb.as(认为某人是…)。故填as。 3.on考查动词短语。句意：例如，几乎所有动物都有独 9.reads考查动词时态。句意：你的文章读起来很好，我 特的声音，它们依靠这些声音寻求帮助、吓跑任何危险 的动物或寻找庇护所。rely on依靠，依赖。 完全被它吸引了。由and后的动词时态可知用一般现在 4.10考查围定短语。句意：印刷和数字阅读结果之间的 时；当表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时，要用主动形式 差异部分与纸张的物理特性有关。be related to与… 表示被动意义。故填reads。 有关。 10.out/in考查动词短语。句意：一汤姆，我可以用你 5.0考查动词短语。句意：地所有的跑步活动都有一个 的铜笔填写中请表吗？ 一当然给你。fill out/in填写。 指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注” 第八章动词的时态和语态 短语为call attention to。故填to。 基础达标 6.found句意：一旦我们找到这个地方，在有限的时间内 I.l.①is playing②plays2.①has been telling 设置灯光和摄像头是有压力的。根据ws可知，空格处 ②has played3.①has been②went4.①had started 应填found。 ②ordered5.①will be②buy 7.up句意：他认为，有了正确的动物和植物组合，也许他 II.1.will be teaching 2.has seen 3.am filling 可以像大自然那样清理废物。clean up清理，收拾。 4.advertised 5.has increased 6.had expected 8.on句意：研究团队专注于一个大型城市公国。focus on集中。 7.would buy 8.had seen 9.will see 10.had met 11.is done 12.will be lost 13.is being built 9.as考查动词词组。句意：大熊猫还粉演着保护伞的角 色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固 14.were saved句意：一你听说那起校车事故了吗？ 定短语：serve as(充当)。故填as。 一听说了。幸运的是，所有的乘客，包括司机，都被救了 10.t0句意；我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处 出来。设空处与前面的主语为被动关系，需用被动语态。 和乐趣。look forward to盼望。 “被救”发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 11.out句意：许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家 l5.have been removed句意：到现在为止，成千上万的红 庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间。figure out弄清楚。 色电话亭一英国的古老印象一由于手机的使用已 12.up 13.depends 14.don't 15.up 16.Did 17.on 被拆除。根据时间状语Up to now可知设空处需用现 18.for 19.be 20.didn't 在完成时；主语red phone boxes与remove之间为被动 Ⅱ.1.destroyed考查动词时态。句意：2021年12月30 关系，要用被动语态。 日，科罗拉多州苏必利尔镇一场迅速蔓延的野火摧毁了 Ⅲ.l.discovered前加have由时间状语Over the past 梅兰妮·格洛弗的家以及近1000所其他房屋。空处为 decade可知谓语动词用现在完成时，强调到说话时间为 句子谓语，根据时间状语“On December30,2021”可知， 止的动作。 此处描述的是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。故 2.started前加had. 填destroyed, 3.don't→didn't本题中虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间 2.on/upon考查园定搭配。句意：他强调一个人的学术 状语，但实际上“没有意识到挡路”是在说话前发生的动 工作应该以良好的品行基础。“be based on/upon”是固 作，故用一般过去时。 定短语，意为“以…为基础”。故填on/upon。 4.is remaining-remains sremain用作不及物动词，意为 3.sprang考查动词时态。句意：然而，正是在这些挑战 “剩下，存留”，不可用于进行时态和被动语态。 中，鼓舞人心的故事“六女上坝”源于第一代建设者。根 5.去掉第二个was weigh意为“重量为…”，后跟具体 据句中was可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用动词 的重量，一般不用于被动语态。 一般过去时，spring在此处意为“起源于”，其过去式形式 为sprang。故填sprang。 IV.1.dates from 2.had learned 3.have participated 4.for考查动词短语。句意：因此，蝙蝠的形象在中国通 4.are believed 5.threw his tools 常是好运的象征。它们还因其捕捉昆虫的能力而受到 素养提升 赞赏。“be appreciated for...”是固定搭配，意为“因… I.l.are revealed考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家 而被餐赏”，此处表示蝙蝠因能捕捉昆虫而被赞赏。故 的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对 填for。 手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The 5.wth考查动词短语。句意：辛辣的食物味道鲜美，但是 players'personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动 它不合我的胃口。agree with(气候、食物等)适合于。故 关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为 填with. 复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 ·89· 英语语法 2.had made考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在 l4.featured考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱 不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By 商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房 the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去 顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需 某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成 要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一 时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 般过去时。故填featured。 3.are achieved考查动词语态。句意：通常，通过充分了 15.has walked考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中 解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时 曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马 间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作， 扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the 时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词 last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为 achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动 第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故 l6.addressed考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在 填are achieved.。 开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填 4.lft考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的 addressed. 一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃极，…。 I7,is designed考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP 根据“1 last year'”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护 时，“leave'”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的 5.wlks考查时态。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花 自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子 园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。wlk 的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应 sb.hrough,意为“带领某人穿过…”，空处为本句谓 用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语 语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语 态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称 l8.has been句意：l00多年来，New Theatre一直是优质 单数形式。故填walks。 戏刷、音乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地。根据句意和 6.was built考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高 for more than 100 years可知，本句应该用现在完成式. 的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十 19.sold考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统 分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语 后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分 动词，根据时间状语“Two years later'”可知，本句时态为 可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语。 一般过去时，主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数，和 故填sold。 动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填 20.has welcomed 21.built was built 22.plays/has played/,is playing/.has been playing考查时 7.be offered考查动词语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠 态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中粉演着重要角色。 此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在 能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售， 延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完 那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关 系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could 成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/,has played/,is pla- ying/has been playing. 后动词应用原形。故填be offered. 23.are thrown考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在奶 8.were考查动词的时态。句意：他们是一个由15名成员 掉之前最多使用几次。本句讲的是客观事实，应该用 组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了将近五个星期的时间 一般现在时，主语they(Single-use plastic bags)和谓语 见证了那里的自然美景。这里描述的是过去的情况，主 动词throw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语 语是they,谓语动词用复数形式。因此填were。 态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 9.be done考查动调语态。句意：应该怎么处理这么美丽 24.means;is constructed 25.formed 26.are called 的地方？这是一个被动结构，“be done”表示“被做”。 27.was needed 28.had discovered 29.has remained l0.had arrived考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，撒到法 30.have made 国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到 Ⅱ.1.sw考查动词的时态。句意：2023年7月，宇轩加 场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句 入了英国卡丁车车队Fusion Motorsport。他在英国的 动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成 第一个专业比赛让他在全班30名学生中获得了第11 时。故填had arrived。 名，这对他来说是一个突破性的时刻。该句叙迷的是过 ll.has established考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国已 去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填saw。 经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为 2,have undergone考查动词的时态。句意：随着时间的 止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China,助动词 推移，羽绒服的设计和材朴已经有了显著的改进，使它 应用has,故填has established。 们更轻、更时尚。根据时间状语Over time可知，句子应 12.was amazed考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的l0年 用现在完成时，主语the design and materials为复数，助 里，我多次访问，我惊讶于这里的断旧共存，惊讶于一个 动词用have。故填have undergonea 城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。 3.arose考查动词的时态，句意：中国人把他们的木制建 这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to 筑做得稍微灵活一些，以抵御自然灾害，并在需要时更 keep such a rich heritage()while constantly grow- 客易进行维修和重新配置。空处作s引导时间状语从 ing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之 句的谓语动词，句子陈述的是过去的事实，应用一般过 间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。. 去时，arise的过去式为arose.。故填arose。 13.were permitted考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶 4,has visited考查动词的时态。句意：跑完所有检查站的 层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句 跑得最快的人是获胜者。根据比赛常识和后文isth 子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of winner可知，比赛的结果是现在确定的，空处的定语从 higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实 句的时态应用现在完成时，描述过去动作对现在造成的 的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 影响，主谓一致。故填has visited.. ·90. 参考答案 5.highlights考查动词的时态。句意：它突出了中国北方 6.knocked根据语境可知该空处应用一般过去时。 河北省泥河湾遗址丰富的考古意义，旨在增进公众对该 7.had told tell这一动作先于remembered发生，表示“过 地区历史的了解。空处为句子的谓语动词。句子描述 去的过去”，故答案为had told。 的是晨览的一般情况，用一般现在时，主语I1是第三人 8.had phoned phone这一动作先于said发生，表示“过去 称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填high 的过去”，故答案为had phoned。. lights。 9.would gogo这一动作后于saying,表示过去将来的动 6.have paid考查现在完成时。句意：近年来，参加演唱会 作，故用过去将来时。 的人花了令人陵目的高价来观看Beyonce,Taylor Swift l0.was主语为only one thing且该空处应该用一般过去 和Oasis等流行歌手的巡演。根据时间状语“In recent 时，故答案为was。 years'”可知句子应用现在完成时，主语concertgoers表示 ()1.affects 2.are used 3.are being built 复数意义，助动词使用have,故填have paid。 4.is said 5.have been passed 6.allows 7.are forced 7.heats考查动词的时态。句意：太阳将水加热，使其变 8.will be used 成水蒸汽。空处为本句谓语动词：根据上下文可知，本 第九章非谓语动词 句时态为一般现在时：主语为“The sun”,单数，和动词 基础达标 “heat”之间为主动关系。故填heats。 I,l.connecting分析句子可知，所填词在句中作伴随状 8.was staged考查动词的语态。句意：…上周三，一场 语，且The London Underground和conneet之间是逻辑 表演在香港上演，吸引了众多当地人和国际游客。s1age 上的主动关系，故用现在分词。 (上演)是谓语动词，与主语a performance之间是被动关 2.To learn分析句子可知，此处表目的，故用动词不 系，根据时间状语“Last Wednesday”可知，讲述过去的事 定式。 情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语用 3,to go make it a rule to do sth.为固定搭配，其中it作形 单数形式。故填was staged。 式宾语，不定式短语为真正的宾语。 9.spoke考查动词的时态。句意：大家哄堂大笑，但村里 4.Being exposed本空在句中作主语，expose是使役动词， 的长辈高度赞扬了我的诚实。根据上文的谓语动词 意为“使暴露”，用系表结构be exposed to表示状态，这 erupted可知，此处描迷过去发生的事情，应用一般过去 里用动名词而非不定式作主语表示一般性的描述，而不 时，speak的过去式为spoke。故填spoke。 是针对具体的某次行为。 l0.were flooded考查动词的语态。句意：社交媒体平台 5.being caught miss接动名词作宾语，这里表示“被抓 被用户分享自己的“衡水体”手写样本和牧程的帖子淹 住”，用动名词的被动式。 没。此处描述过去发生的事情，且主语platforms与 6.todo介词but前没有do的任何形式，其后的不定式不 1ood之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主 能省略不定式符号t0. 语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were flooded。 7.to be polluted be considered to do sth.意为“被认为做 1l.be extended考查动词的语态。句意：通过适当的清洁 某事”，且shower water与动词pollute构成逻辑上的被 和保养，羽绒服的保暖性可以得到保持，其使用寿命也 动关系，故用不定式的一般式的被动结构。 可以延长。情态动词can后接动词原形，主语its life与 8,permitting Weather permitting是“名词+现在分词”是 动词extend之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，含有can 独立主格结构，在句中充当条件状语。 的被动语态构成为can be done.。故填be extended。 9.to handle题千中John could imagine为省略that/ 12.were1 listed I考查动词的语态。句意：甲骨文是中国已 which的定语从句，去掉该定语从句后可知，空格处用不 知最早的文字系统，并于2017年被列入联合国教科文组 定式充当后置定语，修饰the only way。 织世界记忆名录。此空考查谓语动词，根据时间状语n I0.being taken remember后接动名词作宾语表示记得已 2017可知，句子用一般过去时，Oracle bone inscriptions 经发生的事，接不定式表示记得要做的事：根据句意“记得 与1i5t之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态。 被带去过法门寺”判断应该用动名词的被动形式。 故填were listed。 1l.calling宾语someone是动词call的执行者，故用现在 13.were honored考查动词的语态。句意：l998年，乐清 分词作补足语。hear sb.doing sth.意为“听见某人正在 精美的纸雕作品被评为“全国唯一”。根据时间状语 做某事”。hear后跟不带to的不定式作补足语，侧重动 1998可知，此处应用一般过去时态，主语Leqing exqui- 作的过程，与listen提供的语境不符。 site paper-carving works与honor为被动关系，且主语为 12.discovered money与discover是被动关系，且由句意 复数，所以谓语用复数。故填were honored。 可知动作已经发生，故用过去分词作定语，表示被动与 Ⅲ.（一）[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。当“我”到家时， 完成意义。 天快黑了。天很冷，“我”穿着一件大衣。当“我”走到 13.Seen句子主语the south foot of the mountain与动词 门前将手仲进口袋取钥匙时却发现钥匙没在口袋里。 see之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作欢语。 想着姜子和孩子们应该在家，于是“我”开始敲门，敲了 14.grow herself与grow是逻辑上的主动关系，感官动词 半天都没人回应。“我”忽然想起妻子中午打电话说下 feel后跟不带to的不定式作补足语。 午要跟孩子们一起去购物，无奈之下，“我”从窗户爬了 15.to be losing考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：现如今，我 进去。 们有聊天室、短信、电子邮件…但是我们似乎正在失去 1.g0t根据语境可知该空处表示过去的情况，故用一般过 面对面交流的艺术。seem常动词不定式作宾语。we和 去时。 lose之间存在主动关系，再结合语境分析，用seem to be 2.was wearing本句介绍当时的情况，故用过去进行时。 doing表示“似乎正在发生…”，符合句子含义 3.could该空处表示过去的能力，故答案为could。 Ⅱ.l.noticing→notice pretend后面接动词不定式作宾 4.had left leave这一动作先于remembered发生，故此处 语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。 表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。 2.wear-wearing by是介词，介词后要用动名词形式。 5.was根据前面的knew可知该空处应用一般过去时，故 3.Ordering-→Ordered分析句子结构可知，order与逻辑主 答案为was。 语the books之问构成被动关系，故用过去分词。 ·91·