精品解析：上海市进才中学2025-2026学年高一上学期开学分班考试英语试题

上海市进才中学新高一分班测试(2025) 英语 内部模拟7.24 Ⅰ. Grammar and Vocabulary Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dear Anxious Bunny, I fully understand how debilitating it can feel ____1____ (be) aware of the work you need to do but simply not be able to find the motivation to get started. I also understand the feelings of shame and guilt ____2____ often accompany this internal conflict. But before I give you any practical advice or strategies to deal with your stress, I want to emphasize the importance of not beating yourself up for letting your work pile up; negative self-talk is only going to increase your anxiety. You wouldn’t be human ____3____ you didn’t feel a lack of motivation at times. When you feel demotivated, try taking a small step in the right direction by choosing any one of the tasks you need to finish and starting working on it, ____4____ your feelings. This may sound redundant, but fighting the impulse to not get started because of your lack of motivation ____5____ be exactly what you need to do in order to find motivation. Once you start completing a task that you ____6____ (put off) for days or even weeks, there’s a fair chance that you’ll realize it didn’t even take you that long to complete. Then you can use that experience as evidence that you’re able to complete your tasks by simply choosing to get started instead of giving in to your lack of motivation. This is easier said than done, but I find breaking down work into small parts rather than attempting to tackle ____7____ all at once helps to ease your anxiety and stress. If you’d prefer a more unconventional strategy, try taking a 15-minute walk, whether it outside or just around your house. Many doctors believe ____8____ this exercise may boost flowing to your brain, which can help you calm your nerves and clear your head so that you’ll feel ready to get down to doing your work. But if there seems to be ____9____ ongoing problem with your motivation, and you feel overwhelmed to the point where you struggle to get out of bed or keep a regular eating schedule, it may be time to seek help from a mental health professional. Also, don’t hesitate to reach out to your teachers for help. ____10____ (prioritize) your mental health is a crucial part of your ability to be the best student you can be. Take care of yourself, Anxious Bunny. Bianca 【答案】1. to be 2. which##that 3. if 4. despite 5. may 6. have put off##have been putting off 7. it 8. that 9. an 10. Prioritizing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了应对缺乏动力及工作堆积的方法及建议。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我完全理解，当意识到自己需要做的工作，却根本找不到开始的动力时，会有多么的无力。句中it作形式主语，空处应用不定式做真正的主语。故填to be。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我也理解常常伴随这种内心冲突而来的羞耻感和内疚感。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the feelings of shame and guilt，指物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：如果你没有偶尔缺乏动力的感觉，那你就不是正常人了。根据空前You wouldn’t be human及空后you didn’t feel a lack of motivation at times可知，空处引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”，应用if。故填if。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：当你感到没有动力时，试着朝着正确的方向迈出一小步，选择一项你需要完成的任务并开始着手做，不管你的感觉如何。空后为名词短语，空处应用介词，根据空前When you feel demotivated, try taking a small step in the right direction by choosing any one of the tasks you need to finish and starting working on it及空后your feelings可知，空处表示“不管”，应用despite。故填despite。 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：这听起来可能有些多余，但克服因为缺乏动力而不想开始的冲动，可能正是你为了找到动力所需要做的事情。根据空前This may sound redundant可知，空处表示“可能”，应用情态动词may。故填may。 【6题详解】 考查动词的时态和人称。句意：一旦你开始完成一项你已经拖延了几天甚至几周的任务，很有可能你会意识到完成它根本没花你那么长时间。根据for days or even weeks可知，“拖延”这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时，也可以强调动作一直持续，用现在完成进行时，主语为you，助动词用have。故填have put off/have been putting off。 【7题详解】 考查代词。句意：这说起来容易做起来难，但我发现把工作分解成小部分，而不是试图一次性处理所有工作，有助于缓解你的焦虑和压力。空处指代前面的work，应用 it。故填it。 【8题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：许多医生认为这种锻炼可能会促进流向大脑的血液，这可以帮助你镇定神经，理清思绪，这样你就会觉得愿意开始做你的工作了。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分且意思完整，应用连接词that。故填that。 【9题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但如果你的动力似乎存在一个持续的问题，而且你感到不堪重负，以至于难以起床或保持正常的饮食规律，那么可能是时候向心理健康专家寻求帮助了。空处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，ongoing以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：优先考虑你的心理健康是你成为最优秀学生能力的关键部分。空处在句中作主语，应用动名词形式prioritizing，位于句首首字母大写。故填Prioritizing。 Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context We know someone who fits the description. You probably work with one; you might even be related to one. And with Christmas approaching, the season of office parties and family gatherings you’re increasingly likely to have to ____11____ with them and rediscover just how annoying they are. I’m talking about know-it-alls, people who will enthusiastically ____12____ you about a topic or activity, despite obviously having little to no knowledge in what they’re talking about - and often when you do. Why would some people assume ____13____ knowledge to others, about every possible subject? One is the phenomenon of “naive realism” (direct realism or common sense realism), which describes how people instinctively assume that their ____14____ of the world reflect objective reality. In actuality, everything we perceive and “know” about the world has been filtered through a complex mesh (筛网) of cognitive biases, sensory shortcuts, shifting emotional memories and more. What we think is reality in our heads is often noticeably ____15____ the actual reality, but we don’t recognize this happening. As a result, we regularly encounter people whose understanding of the world is very different to our own. But naive realism means we assume that those who understand the world differently are ____16____. For a seemingly large number of people, this results in an irresistible urge to “correct” others. It may spring from entirely good intentions, but that doesn’t make it any less____17____. This can be the full story ____18____, as countless people believe others are wrong, yet never do or say anything about it. Another potential cognitive bias ____19____, proposed in a recent study by Prof Hunter Gehlbach, Dr Carly D Robinson and Prof Annette Flerch, published in the journal PLoS ONE, is the illusion (幻觉) of information adequacy. Put simply, this describes how, despite lacking sufficient information to make correct judgements about something, many people will assume the _____20_____. It’s logically very hard to recognize and take account of what we don’t know. A(n) _____21_____ of the illusion of information adequacy and naive realism can lead to people believing they know more than they really do. In their minds, this knowledge is more advanced than that of others and they must hurry to correct it Then there’s our old friend, the Dunning-Kruger effect: the cognitive bias where people with limited competence in a certain area tend to _____22_____ their abilities. Their lack of intellectual insight means they _____23_____ to recognize when someone else knows more than them, they’ll confidently argue with those who are better informed. And because people often respond more to confidence than _____24_____, they usually get away with it. If this happens often enough, they could convince themselves that they’re _____25_____ on pretty much everything, even though the opposite is true. 11. A. identify B. interact C. compete D. cooperate 12. A. warn B. deceive C. lecture D. consult 13. A. superior B. extensive C. prior D. technical 14. A. impression B. recognition C. imagination D. perception 15. A. distinct from B. similar to C. free from D. relative to 16. A. practical B. unacceptable C. wrong D. incompetent 17. A. bothersome B. acceptable C. rewarding D. insignificant 18. A. thus B. however C. meanwhile D. moreover 19. A. at work B. at hand C. in way D. under control 20 A. norm B. opposite C. truth D. position 21. A. combination B. reflection C. contradiction D. association 22. A. enhance B. overlook C. overestimate D. exercise 23. A. expect B. hesitate C. pretend D. struggle 24. A. honesty B. credit C. authority D. accuracy 25. A. enthusiasts B. experts C. critics D. optimists 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“万事通”这一类人的行为及其背后的原因。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着圣诞节的临近，办公室聚会和家庭聚会的季节，你越来越有可能不得不与他们互动，并重新发现他们有多烦人。A. identify识别；B. interact互动；C. compete竞争；D. cooperate协作。根据上文“We know someone who fits the description. You probably work with one; you might even be related to one.”可知随着圣诞节的临近，办公室聚会和家庭聚会的季节，你就会和你认识的人接触，互动，故选B。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我说的是万事通，他们会热情地就一个话题或活动教训你，尽管很明显他们对他们所说的几乎一无所知——而且经常是在你知道的时候。A. warn警告；B. deceive欺骗；C. lecture教训；D. consult咨询。根据上文“I’m talking about know-it-alls”可知说的是万事通，所以应该会就某个话题和活动对你一番说教，故选C。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：为什么有些人在所有可能的学科上都认为自己比别人更有学问？A. superior优越的；B. extensive广泛的；C. prior先前的；D. technical技术的。根据下文““naive realism” (direct realism or common sense realism)”可知是天真主义，所以应是在所有可能的学科上都认为自己比别人更优越，故选A。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：一种是“天真主义”（直接现实主义或常识现实主义）现象，它描述了人们如何本能地假设他们对世界的感知反映了客观现实。A. impression印象；B. recognition识别；C. imagination想象；D. perception认知，感知。根据上文“One is the phenomenon of “naive realism” (direct realism or common sense realism)”和常识可知天真主义认为自己对世界的感知反映了客观现实。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。 句意：我们头脑中认为的现实往往与实际的现实明显不同，但我们并没有意识到这一点。A. distinct from与……不同；B. similar to与……相似；C. free from免于；D. relative to关于。根据上文“In actuality, everything we perceive and “know” about the world has been filtered through a complex mesh (筛网) of cognitive biases, sensory shortcuts, shifting emotional memories and more.”可知，我们对世界的感知和“知道”的一切都是通过认知偏见、感官捷径、不断变化的情感记忆等复杂的网络过滤的，所以主观感知和现实世界不同，故选A。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：但天真主义意味着我们假设那些对世界有不同理解的人是错误的。A. practical实际的；B. unacceptable不可接受的；C. wrong错误的；D. incompetent无能力的。根据下文“For a seemingly large number of people, this results in an irresistible urge to “correct” others”可知天真主义的人认为和自己有不同见解的人是错误的，所以才会有“纠正”他人的冲动。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：它可能完全出于善意，但这并不能减少它的令人讨厌。A. bothersome令人讨厌的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. rewarding有回报的；D. insignificant不重要的。根据前文“rediscover just how annoying they are.”可知天真主义者令人讨厌，故选A。 【18题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。 句意：然而，这可能是整个故事，因为无数人认为别人是错，但却从不做或说任何事情。A. thus因此；B. however然而；C. meanwhile同时；D. moreover此外。前文说天真主义者有纠正别人的冲动，而下文“countless people believe others are wrong, yet never do or say anything about it”说无数人认为别人错了却什么也不说不做，所以是转折关系，故选B。 【19题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。 句意：亨特·格巴赫教授、卡莉·D·罗宾逊博士和安妮特·弗莱奇教授最近发表在《公共科学图书馆·综合》杂志上的一项研究提出了另一种潜在的认知偏差，即信息充足的错觉。A. at work起作用；B. at hand在手边；C. in way没有这样的搭配；D. under control在控制之下。根据下文“proposed in a recent study by Prof Hunter Gehlbach, Dr Carly D Robinson and Prof Annette Flerch, published in the journal PLoS ONE, is the illusion (幻觉) of information adequacy.”可知这是研究提出的一种新的说法，另一种认知偏差起作用才会导致人们做出以上的判断，故选A。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：简单地说，这描述了尽管缺乏足够的信息来对某事做出正确的判断，但许多人会做出相反的假设。A. norm标准；B. opposite相反的事物；C. truth真相；D. position位置。根据上文“is the illusion (幻觉) of information adequacy”信息充足错觉，也就是尽管缺乏足够信息做出正确判断，但许多人会假设“相反的情况”，即认为自己有足够的信息能做出正确判断，故选B。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：信息充足的错觉和天真现实主义的结合会导致人们相信他们知道的比他们实际知道的要多。A. combination结合；B. reflection反应；C. contradiction矛盾；D. association协会。根据下文“the illusion of information adequacy and naive realism can lead to people believing they know more than they really do”以及上文两种认知的解释可知这两者结合会导致人们相信他们知道的比他们实际知道的要多，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：然后是我们的老朋友，邓宁-克鲁格效应：认知偏差，即在某一领域能力有限的人往往高估自己的能力。A. enhance增强；B. overlook忽视；C. overestimate高估；D. exercise锻炼。根据前文的描述可知邓宁-克鲁格效应指能力不足者高估自己。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：他们缺乏知识洞察力，这意味着他们很难意识到别人比他们知道得多，他们会自信地与那些消息更灵通的人争论。 A. expect期盼；B. hesitate犹豫；C. pretend假装；D. struggle努力，挣扎。根据上文“Their lack of intellectual insight”可知他们缺乏洞察力，所以很难意识到别人比他们知道得多，“struggle to do sth.”表示“努力做某事，难以做某事”，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：而且，由于人们往往对自信的反应比对准确性的反应更大，所以他们通常会侥幸逃脱。A. honesty诚实；B. credit信用；C. authority权威；D. accuracy准确性。根据下文“they usually get away with it”可知他们往往看中的是自信，而不是观点的正确与否，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：如果这种情况经常发生，他们可以说服自己，他们是几乎所有事情的专家，即使事实恰恰相反。A. enthusiasts爱好者；B. experts专家；C. critics批评家；D. optimists乐观主义者。根据前文和“on pretty much everything”可知他们认为自己知道所有的事情，也就是几乎所有事情的专家，故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Tutor Wanted Teach a kindergartener how to read online. Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be! LTB tutors are dedicated volunteers who believe deeply in educational equity. Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger. Commit to tutoring at least 2 times per week for 3 months or longer. Support your students with homework help or use the resources provided by LTB to create your own lesson plans for your student. Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org Tutor adults in English The South Bay Literacy Council is an all-volunteer, non-profit organization dedicated to teaching adults to read, write and speak English in the South Bay, Los Angeles area. You’d commit to meeting weekly with your students online or in-person. We ask volunteers to make a 9-month commitment due to the time it takes to train and match tutors with students. Visit our website to apply: http://www.southbayliteracy.org Tutor for Remove the Borders Being a tutor for Remove the Borders is a great opportunity to gain volunteer hours while learning about how socioeconomic status and learning disabilities can hold students back. Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum amount of sessions you have to tutor is three. Visit our website to apply: https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9 Teach online STEM classes Across the country, millions of students lack the resources to learn about STEM and computer science. Our non-profit organization strives to provide this vital area of education to underprivileged students through engaging in online classes. As a volunteer teacher, you will earn service hours while developing critical communication, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessions will run for eight weeks, and have a time commitment of three hours per week. Visit our website to apply: https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html 26. Who is Learn To Be intended for? A. Disadvantaged K-12 students. B. Students with learning disabilities. C. Grown-ups interested in English. D. Information technology majors. 27. Which program is most suitable for a volunteer without much time? A. Teach a kindergartener how to read online. B. Tutor adults in English. C. Tutor for Remove the Borders. D. Teach online STEM classes. 28. What do these four programs have in common? A. Only online service is offered. B. People can attend classes free of charge. C. Volunteers will acquire service hours. D. Applicants for volunteers’ jobs need to sign up online. 【答案】26. A 27. C 28. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是四个项目的导师的招聘启事。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be!部分“Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger.(我们的导师自愿奉献自己的时间，让弱势的K-12孩子和他们的家庭生活得更轻松，让他们的机会更大，梦想更大。)”可知，Learn To Be是为那些弱势的K-12学生设计的。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据Tutor for Remove the Borders部分“Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum amount of sessions you have to tutor is three.(你的辅导时间将由你和你要辅导的人确定。你必须辅导的最低课时为三节。)”可知，Tutor for Remove the Borders最低课时为三节，辅导时间将由你和你要辅导的人确定，最适合没有太多时间的志愿者的是Tutor for Remove the Borders。故选C。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中的“Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org(请访问我们的网站申请：https://www.learntobe.org)”，“Visit our website to apply: http://www.southbayliteracy.org(请访问我们的网站申请：http://www.southbayliteracy.org)”，“Visit our website to apply: https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9(请访问我们的网站申请：https://forms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9)”和“Visit our website to apply: https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html(请访问我们的网站申请：https://www.roboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html)”可知，这四个项目的共同点是志愿者工作的申请者需要在网上报名。故选D。 B Four Excellent Museums for Kids to Explore An injection of knowledge, Leeds The Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds is giving a huge makeover recently. It features a Victorian street full of real smells and bugs, and presents shows of the impact of some terrible infectious diseases — cholera and smallpox before vaccinations. There are talks, displays, games as well as some information about health heroes over the years. Adults: £12; children aged 5-15: £10; children under 5: free. Follow that train, Walthamstow, London A huge steam engine stands at the entrance to the small, indoor-outdoor Walthamstow Pumphouse Museum. Two 1967 Victoria Line carriages sit side by side with the cabs open to the would-be train drivers. Fireman Frank display s the fire engine featured in TV programs such as London’s Burning. Free entrance. Life through a lens, Edinburgh The Camera Obscura and World of Illusions experience in Edinburgh presents a unique view of the city in the past. With over 100 interactive exhibits on five floors it is completely kid-friendly with no “don’t touch” signs. There’s a perspective room where younger children can dance with their own shadow, match their face with a monkey’s, serve their head on a plate and even lie on a shark. Adults: £16; children aged 5-15: £12; children under 5: free. Go back in time, Chichester, West Sussex Anybody who wants to see, touch and even smell what life was like in ancient times should head to the Weald and Downland Living Museum — a museum with rural buildings ranging from early medieval England to the Victorian Age, and a multisensory, living presentation. There are also farm animals to visit, a wood and playground to burn off energy, and traditional games in one big house if it rains. Family ticket: £42. 29. What is shown in the Thackray Museum of Medicine recently? A. Vaccinations used to treat COVID-19. B. Streets of the Victorian period. C. Information of inventors. D. Some epidemics years ago. 30. How much does it cost a couple with a child of five to experience the perspective room? A. £76. B. £44. C. £32. D. £16. 31. What’s the common subject of the four museums? A. Protecting the rural areas. B. Raising awareness of safety. C. Learning about life in the past. D. Inspiring children to learn engineering. 【答案】29. D 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合小朋友探索的博物馆。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据An injection of knowledge, Leeds部分“It features a Victorian street full of real smells and bugs, and presents shows of the impact of some terrible infectious diseases - cholera and smallpox before vaccinations.(它描绘了一条充满真实气味和虫子的维多利亚式街道，并展示了一些可怕的传染病的影响，如接种疫苗前的霍乱和天花。)”可知，该博物馆展示了几年前的一些流行病。故选D。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据Life through a lens, Edinburgh部分的“Adults: £16; children aged 5-15: £12; children under 5: free.(成人：£16；5-15岁儿童：12英镑；5岁以下儿童免费。)”可知，一对带着五岁孩子的夫妇体验透视房要花的钱是16*2+12=44英镑，故选B。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据An injection of knowledge, Leeds部分的“It features a Victorian street full of real smells and bugs, and presents shows of the impact of some terrible infectious diseases- cholera and smallpox before vaccinations.(它描绘了一条充满真实气味和虫子的维多利亚式街道，并展示了一些可怕的传染病的影响，如接种疫苗前的霍乱和天花。)”，Follow that train, Walthamstow, London部分的“Two 1967 Victoria Line carriages sit side by side with the cabs open to the would- be train drivers.(两节1967年的维多利亚线车厢并排坐着，出租车向未来的火车司机开放。)”，Life through a lens, Edinburgh部分的“The Camera Obscura and World of Illusions experience in Edinburgh presents a unique view of the city in the past.(在爱丁堡的Camera Obscura和World of Illusions体验呈现了过去城市的独特景观。)”和Go back in time, Chichester, West Sussex部分的“Anybody who wants to see, touch and even smell what life was like in ancient times should head to the Weald and Downland Living Museum—a museum with rural buildings ranging from early medieval England to the Victorian Age(任何想要看到、触摸甚至闻闻古代生活的人都应该去Weald和Downland Living Museum——一个拥有从中世纪早期英格兰到维多利亚时代的乡村建筑的博物馆)”可知，这四个博物馆的共同主题是了解过去的生活。故选C。 C Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles’ (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We’ve also made AI far less demanding,” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 32. What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Copying. B. Inspiring. C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing. 33. MovieNet is trained ________. A. to integrate dynamic images B. to increase visual inputs C. to feed on information pieces D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons 34. According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A. Its powerful data storage. B. Its low energy consumption. C Its control of medical diseases. D. Its improvement on drug effects. 35. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph? A. Biology brings us financial profits. B. Living organisms can outperform AI. C. AI can assist in biological development. D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 【答案】32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家开发出的一种新型的人工智能模型——MovieNet，并详细说明其原理、优势以及潜在应用。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词的上文“This brain-inspired AI model(这个受大脑启发的人工智能模型)”和下文的内容“how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world(神经元是如何实时感知世界的)”可知，既然这种人工智能模型是受人类大脑启发的，那么它肯定是可以模仿神经元对世界的感知。因此，划线单词simulating的意为“模仿”或“复制”，与动词copying意义一致。故选A项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene.(蝌蚪的神经元处理这些视觉输入就像解决拼图一样：每一块单独可能都没有意义，但它们一起形成了一个完整的运动图像。不同的神经元处理现实生活中运动图像的各种“拼图”，然后大脑将它们组合成一个连续的场景。)”和第四段的句子“Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes.(利用这种理解，研究人员训练MovieNet通过识别小的视觉信号来处理视频片段，使其能够区分场景中的小变化。)”可知，MovieNet是通过整合动态图像来识别场景中的微小变化的。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact.(传统的人工智能需要大量的数据和能源，但MovieNet像压缩文件一样压缩数据，减少了对环境的影响。)”可知，MovieNet通过压缩数据减少了对环境的影响，即其能耗较低。故选B项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“By designing models that think like living organisms, we can achieve efficiency levels that aren’t possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.(通过设计像生物体一样思考的模型，我们可以达到传统人工智能无法达到的效率水平，”克莱恩说，“生物学是一座金矿。)”可知，Cline认为通过模仿生物体的思维方式设计模型，可以达到传统AI无法实现的效率水平，并称生物学为“金矿”。因此，可以推断出从生物学中汲取灵感是很有前景的。故选D项。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市进才中学新高一分班测试(2025) 英语 内部模拟7.24 Ⅰ. Grammar and Vocabulary Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dear Anxious Bunny, I fully understand how debilitating it can feel ____1____ (be) aware of the work you need to do but simply not be able to find the motivation to get started. I also understand the feelings of shame and guilt ____2____ often accompany this internal conflict. But before I give you any practical advice or strategies to deal with your stress, I want to emphasize the importance of not beating yourself up for letting your work pile up; negative self-talk is only going to increase your anxiety. You wouldn’t be human ____3____ you didn’t feel a lack of motivation at times. When you feel demotivated, try taking a small step in the right direction by choosing any one of the tasks you need to finish and starting working on it, ____4____ your feelings. This may sound redundant, but fighting the impulse to not get started because of your lack of motivation ____5____ be exactly what you need to do in order to find motivation. Once you start completing a task that you ____6____ (put off) for days or even weeks, there’s a fair chance that you’ll realize it didn’t even take you that long to complete. Then you can use that experience as evidence that you’re able to complete your tasks by simply choosing to get started instead of giving in to your lack of motivation. This is easier said than done, but I find breaking down work into small parts rather than attempting to tackle ____7____ all at once helps to ease your anxiety and stress. If you’d prefer a more unconventional strategy, try taking a 15-minute walk, whether it outside or just around your house. Many doctors believe ____8____ this exercise may boost flowing to your brain, which can help you calm your nerves and clear your head so that you’ll feel ready to get down to doing your work. But if there seems to be ____9____ ongoing problem with your motivation, and you feel overwhelmed to the point where you struggle to get out of bed or keep a regular eating schedule, it may be time to seek help from a mental health professional. Also, don’t hesitate to reach out to your teachers for help. ____10____ (prioritize) your mental health is a crucial part of your ability to be the best student you can be. Take care of yourself, Anxious Bunny. Bianca Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context We know someone who fits the description. You probably work with one; you might even be related to one. And with Christmas approaching, the season of office parties and family gatherings you’re increasingly likely to have to ____11____ with them and rediscover just how annoying they are. I’m talking about know-it-alls, people who will enthusiastically ____12____ you about a topic or activity, despite obviously having little to no knowledge in what they’re talking about - and often when you do. Why would some people assume ____13____ knowledge to others, about every possible subject? One is the phenomenon of “naive realism” (direct realism or common sense realism), which describes how people instinctively assume that their ____14____ of the world reflect objective reality. In actuality, everything we perceive and “know” about the world has been filtered through a complex mesh (筛网) of cognitive biases, sensory shortcuts, shifting emotional memories and more. What we think is reality in our heads is often noticeably ____15____ the actual reality, but we don’t recognize this happening. As a result, we regularly encounter people whose understanding of the world is very different to our own. But naive realism means we assume that those who understand the world differently are ____16____. For a seemingly large number of people, this results in an irresistible urge to “correct” others. It may spring from entirely good intentions, but that doesn’t make it any less____17____. This can be the full story, ____18____, as countless people believe others are wrong, yet never do or say anything about it. Another potential cognitive bias ____19____, proposed in a recent study by Prof Hunter Gehlbach, Dr Carly D Robinson and Prof Annette Flerch, published in the journal PLoS ONE, is the illusion (幻觉) of information adequacy. Put simply, this describes how, despite lacking sufficient information to make correct judgements about something, many people will assume the _____20_____. It’s logically very hard to recognize and take account of what we don’t know. A(n) _____21_____ of the illusion of information adequacy and naive realism can lead to people believing they know more than they really do. In their minds, this knowledge is more advanced than that of others and they must hurry to correct it Then there’s our old friend, the Dunning-Kruger effect: the cognitive bias where people with limited competence in a certain area tend to _____22_____ their abilities. Their lack of intellectual insight means they _____23_____ to recognize when someone else knows more than them, they’ll confidently argue with those who are better informed. And because people often respond more to confidence than _____24_____, they usually get away with it. If this happens often enough, they could convince themselves that they’re _____25_____ on pretty much everything, even though the opposite is true. 11. A. identify B. interact C. compete D. cooperate 12. A. warn B. deceive C. lecture D. consult 13. A. superior B. extensive C. prior D. technical 14. A. impression B. recognition C. imagination D. perception 15. A. distinct from B. similar to C. free from D. relative to 16. A. practical B. unacceptable C. wrong D. incompetent 17. A. bothersome B. acceptable C. rewarding D. insignificant 18. A. thus B. however C. meanwhile D. moreover 19. A. at work B. at hand C. in way D. under control 20. A. norm B. opposite C. truth D. position 21. A. combination B. reflection C. contradiction D. association 22. A. enhance B. overlook C. overestimate D. exercise 23. A. expect B. hesitate C. pretend D. struggle 24. A. honesty B. credit C. authority D. accuracy 25. A. enthusiasts B. experts C. critics D. optimists Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A Tutor Wanted Teach a kindergartener how to read online. Become a volunteer tutor with Learn To Be! LTB tutors are dedicated volunteers who believe deeply in educational equity. Our tutors volunteer their time to make the lives of under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their opportunities greater, and their dreams bigger. Commit to tutoring at least 2 times per week for 3 months or longer. Support your students with homework help or use the resources provided by LTB to create your own lesson plans for your student. Visit our website to apply: https://www.learntobe.org Tutor adults in English The South Bay Literacy Council is an all-volunteer, non-profit organization dedicated to teaching adults to read, write and speak English in the South Bay, Los Angeles area. You’d commit to meeting weekly with your students online or in-person. We ask volunteers to make a 9-month commitment due to the time it takes to train and match tutors with students. Visit our website to apply: http://www.southbayliteracy.org Tutor for Remove the Borders Being a tutor for Remove the Borders is a great opportunity to gain volunteer hours while learning about how socioeconomic status and learning disabilities can hold students back. Dates on when you tutor will be worked out between you and the person you are tutoring. The minimum amount of sessions you have to tutor is three. Visit our website to apply: https://formsgle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9 Teach online STEM classes Across the country, millions of students lack the resources to learn about STEM and computer science. Our non-profit organization strives to provide this vital area of education to underprivileged students through engaging in online classes. As a volunteer teacher, you will earn service hours while developing critical communication, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessions will run for eight weeks, and have a time commitment of three hours per week. Visit our website to apply: https://wwwroboticsforall.net/overview-of-positions.html 26. Who is Learn To Be intended for? A. Disadvantaged K-12 students. B. Students with learning disabilities. C. Grown-ups interested in English. D. Information technology majors. 27. Which program is most suitable for a volunteer without much time? A. Teach a kindergartener how to read online. B. Tutor adults in English. C. Tutor for Remove the Borders. D. Teach online STEM classes. 28. What do these four programs have in common? A. Only online service is offered. B. People can attend classes free of charge. C. Volunteers will acquire service hours. D. Applicants for volunteers’ jobs need to sign up online. B Four Excellent Museums for Kids to Explore An injection of knowledge, Leeds The Thackray Museum of Medicine in Leeds is giving a huge makeover recently. It features a Victorian street full of real smells and bugs, and presents shows of the impact of some terrible infectious diseases — cholera and smallpox before vaccinations. There are talks, displays, games as well as some information about health heroes over the years. Adults: £12; children aged 5-15: £10; children under 5: free. Follow that train, Walthamstow, London A huge steam engine stands at the entrance to the small, indoor-outdoor Walthamstow Pumphouse Museum. Two 1967 Victoria Line carriages sit side by side with the cabs open to the would-be train drivers. Fireman Frank display s the fire engine featured in TV programs such as London’s Burning. Free entrance. Life through a lens, Edinburgh The Camera Obscura and World of Illusions experience in Edinburgh presents a unique view of the city in the past. With over 100 interactive exhibits on five floors, it is completely kid-friendly with no “don’t touch” signs. There’s a perspective room where younger children can dance with their own shadow, match their face with a monkey’s, serve their head on a plate and even lie on a shark. Adults: £16; children aged 5-15: £12; children under 5: free. Go back in time, Chichester, West Sussex Anybody who wants to see, touch and even smell what life was like in ancient times should head to the Weald and Downland Living Museum — a museum with rural buildings ranging from early medieval England to the Victorian Age, and a multisensory, living presentation. There are also farm animals to visit, a wood and playground to burn off energy, and traditional games in one big house if it rains. Family ticket: £42. 29. What is shown in the Thackray Museum of Medicine recently? A. Vaccinations used to treat COVID-19. B. Streets of the Victorian period. C. Information of inventors. D. Some epidemics years ago. 30 How much does it cost a couple with a child of five to experience the perspective room? A. £76. B. £44. C. £32. D. £16. 31. What’s the common subject of the four museums? A. Protecting the rural areas. B. Raising awareness of safety. C. Learning about life in the past. D. Inspiring children to learn engineering. C Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me. Now, scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet: an innovative AI that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes. This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons (神经元) make real-time sense of the world. While conventional AI excels at still image recognition, MovieNet is designed to understand complex, dynamic scenes, allowing it to recognize small changes over time. To create MovieNet, Hollis Cline, senior author of the study, examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes. Specifically, he studied how tadpoles’ (蝌蚪的) neurons respond to moving stimuli. Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces: each piece alone may not make sense, but together they form a complete image in motion. Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image, which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene. Using this understanding, the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals, allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes. In testing, MovieNet achieved 82.3% accuracy, outperforming trained human observers by 18% and doing much better than existing AI models. Beyond its higher accuracy, MovieNet is more environment-friendly. Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy, but MovieNet compresses (压缩) data like a zipped file, reducing environmental impact. “We’ve also made AI far less demanding,” says Cline. MovieNet could also transform medicine. It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect. Looking ahead, the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications. “By designing models that think like living organisms (有机体), we can achieve efficiency levels that aren't possible with traditional AI,” says Cline, “Biology is a gold mine.” 32 What does the underlined word “simulating” mean in paragraph 2? A. Copying. B. Inspiring. C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing. 33. MovieNet is trained ________. A. to integrate dynamic images B. to increase visual inputs C. to feed on information pieces D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons 34. According to paragraph 5, what is an advantage of MovieNet? A. Its powerful data storage. B. Its low energy consumption. C. Its control of medical diseases. D. Its improvement on drug effects. 35. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph? A. Biology brings us financial profits. B. Living organisms can outperform AI. C AI can assist in biological development. D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$