精品解析：2025届江西省临川区高三下学期第一次模拟测试英语试题

2025届临川区高三第一次模拟测试 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 本次考试听力部分另外安排。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Looking for a new way to commute or have fun on the move? These innovative personal transport options offer something for everyone-from high-tech shoes to bikes and scooters. ZUUM SHOES £477 ZUUMTECH.COM Simply step on the Zuum shoes, strap in and the foot sensor will control your drive as you “skate” along. Moving your weight forwards and backwards determines your speed and direction. However, the Zuum Shoes give you the freedom to move your feet individually for greater dexterity (灵巧) as you ride. They can travel a distance of seven miles on a single charge. BYB P8 £1,400 TERNBICYCLES.COM The BYB P8 can be a city commuter’s best friend. Able to fold down around 30 per cent smaller than traditional folding bikes, it can easily fit into narrow spaces. At just 14.3 kilograms, it is a lightweight bicycle to navigate busy train stations. There are also some handy extra features commuters will appreciate, like a Metro transit rack and free-spinning wheels. AIKE T PRO £1,399 RIDEAIKE.COM This foldable electric scooter has a top speed of 15 miles per hour. Its chargeable battery supplies enough power for a range of 24 miles. You can track your speed and battery life through its display. It also comes with a companion app which lets you track its location and receive trip summaries. HIBOY BK1 £312.35 HIBOY.COM Hiboy BKI electrical balance bike, designed for children between 2 and 5, can be the perfect bike to teach them how to ride. With a little power boost, this bike can reach modest speeds of up to nine miles per hour. When the power runs out, it operates like a typical bike. 1. Which personal transport best suits daily train travelers? A. ZUUM SHOES B. BYB P8. C. AIKE T PRO D. HIBOY BK1. 2. What do Zuum Shoes and AIKET PRO have in common? A. They feature foldable designs. B. They include companion apps. C. They use rechargeable batteries D. They offer weight-responsive control 3. What is the text? A. A users’ guide. B. A sports review. C. A tech news report. D. An advertisement. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了几种创新的个人出行工具，包括高科技鞋子、自行车和滑板车，旨在为寻找新的出行方式或移动乐趣的人提供选择。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据BYB P8 £1,400 TERNBICYCLES.COM部分的描述“Able to fold down around 30 per cent smaller than traditional folding bikes, it can easily fit into narrow spaces. At just 14.3 kilograms, it is a lightweight bicycle to navigate busy train stations.(它可以折叠起来，比传统的折叠自行车小30%左右，可以很容易地放入狭窄的空间。它的重量只有14.3公斤，是一辆轻便的自行车，可以在繁忙的火车站行驶)”可知，BYB P8自行车因其小巧轻便的设计，非常适合日常乘坐火车的通勤者。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据ZUUM SHOES £477 ZUUMTECH.COM部分的句子“They can travel a distance of seven miles on a single charge.(它们充一次电可以行驶7英里)”和AIKE T PRO £1,399 RIDEAIKE.COM部分的句子“Its chargeable battery supplies enough power for a range of 24 miles.(它的充电电池提供的电力足够行驶24英里)”可知，Zuum Shoes和AIKE T PRO的共同点是它们都使用了可充电电池。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段“Looking for a new way to commute or have fun on the move? These innovative personal transport options offer something for everyone-from high-tech shoes to bikes and scooters.(寻找一种新的通勤方式或在移动中享受乐趣？这些创新的个人交通选择为每个人提供了一些东西——从高科技鞋子到自行车和滑板车)”可知，文章介绍了几种不同的个人交通工具，并提供了它们的价格和特点，目的是吸引消费者购买。因此，这是一篇广告。故选D项。 B In a small village in Sindh, Pakistan, my journey began with a wooden cane, herding buffalo (野牛) along the village’s edge. Life was simple, with mud homes and green fields, yet my dreams were vast. One day, a group of students in uniforms sparked my curiosity. I demanded to see their books, and the illustrations within fueled my imagination. I declared my dream to attend school. The days were filled with the rhythmic sound of buffalo hooves and the earthy smell of the fields. Despite the humble beginnings, my heart longed for the world beyond the village. Months passed in routine until my uncle, a man of few words but great authority, convinced my parents of the value of education. I enrolled in primary school, eager to learn, my mind absorbing every lesson like a sponge. My academic success was met with ridicule when I desired to study in Karachi, a distant city known for its bustling energy and educational institutions. The villagers found it amusing, a boy from the fields dreaming of such heights. Despite depression and a near-tragic moment, my brother’s words, “Your Challenges Are Stepping-Stones to Success,” echoed. I turned to writing, finding comfort and recognition in the pages of my notebook. Years later, college fee was another barrier, a mountain of debt that seemed unconquerable. But I found a part-time job at a newspaper, which led to an internship in Hyderabad and then a career in calligraphy and advertising. The internship was a turning point, a glimpse into a world I had only dreamed of, where my skills were valued and my potential was recognized. Reflecting on the past, the laughter of doubters holds no power. My story is a witness to the power of dreams and hard work. It proves that with belief in oneself and the courage to use one’s talents, anything is possible. I hope my journey inspires others to chase their dreams, regardless of the obstacles, and to believe that every challenge is an opportunity to rise higher. 4. What contributed to the author’s enrollment in primary school? A His uncle’s persuasion on his parents. B. His persistent demand for education. C. The village’s traditional emphasis on education. D. His outstanding academic performance in self-learning. 5. How did the villagers react when I expressed my desire to study in Karachi? A. They were indifferent to it. B. They made fun of it. C. They supported it cautiously. D. They considered it tough. 6. Which adjectives can best describe the author? A. Humorous and Adaptable. B. Sensitive and Diligent. C. Lucky and Opportunistic. D. Ambitious and Resilient. 7. Which is the most suitable title for this passage? A. A Pleasant Journey of Pursuing Academic Success. B. From Herding Buffalo to Attaining Career Success. C. Valuable Lessons from My Academic Pursuit. D. How I Escaped from a Pakistan Village. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己从巴基斯坦信德省一个小村庄里放牛娃，怀揣梦想，在叔叔劝说父母后得以进入小学，后渴望去卡拉奇求学虽遭村民嘲笑，但凭借信念和努力，克服大学学费等重重障碍，最终获得事业成功的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Months passed in routine until my uncle, a man of few words but great authority, convinced my parents of the value of education. I enrolled in primary school(几个月过去了，一切照旧，直到我那位寡言却极具权威的叔叔让我父母相信了教育的价值。我才得以进入小学)” 可知，是叔叔对作者父母的劝说，使得作者能够进入小学。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The villagers found it amusing, a boy from the fields dreaming of such heights.(村民们觉得这很可笑，一个来自田间的男孩竟然梦想如此高远)” 可知，当作者表达想去卡拉奇学习的愿望时，村民们对此加以嘲笑。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Life was simple, with mud homes and green fields, yet my dreams were vast.(生活很简单，住着泥屋，周围是绿色田野，但我的梦想很远大)” 以及 “One day, a group of students in uniforms sparked my curiosity. I demanded to see their books, and the illustrations within fueled my imagination. I declared my dream to attend school.(一天，一群穿着校服的学生引发了我的好奇心。我要求看他们的书，书中的插图激发了我的想象力。我宣布了我要上学的梦想)” 可推知，尽管身处简单的乡村环境，作者却怀揣着上学等远大梦想，体现出有抱负。根据第三段“My academic success was met with ridicule when I desired to study in Karachi, a distant city known for its bustling energy and educational institutions. The villagers found it amusing, a boy from the fields dreaming of such heights. Despite depression and a near-tragic moment, my brother’s words, “Your Challenges Are Stepping-Stones to Success,” echoed. I turned to writing, finding comfort and recognition in the pages of my notebook.(当我渴望去以充满活力和教育机构闻名的遥远城市卡拉奇学习时，我的学业成就却遭到了嘲笑。尽管经历了沮丧和近乎悲剧的时刻，但我哥哥“你的挑战是成功的垫脚石”这句话在我耳边回响。我转向写作，在笔记本的字里行间找到了慰藉和认可)” 以及第四段 “Years later, college fee was another barrier, a mountain of debt that seemed unconquerable. But I found a part - time job at a newspaper, which led to an internship in Hyderabad and then a career in calligraphy and advertising.(几年后，大学学费是另一个障碍，那是一笔看似无法逾越的巨额债务。但我在一家报社找到了一份兼职工作，这让我在海得拉巴获得了实习机会，然后开启了书法和广告领域的职业生涯)” 可知，作者面对来自村民的嘲笑、学费等诸多困难，并未放弃，而是积极想办法克服，表现出坚韧的品质。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。作者讲述了自己从巴基斯坦信德省一个小村庄里放牛娃，怀揣梦想，在叔叔劝说父母后得以进入小学，后渴望去卡拉奇求学虽遭村民嘲笑，但凭借信念和努力，克服大学学费等重重障碍，最终获得事业成功的经历。所以短文的标题为“从放牛到获得事业成功”。故选B。 C In satellite images of the Earth from space, the United States seems to split in half: the eastern side is much brighter than the west. Across the Atlantic, Europe glints. The Nile Delta in Africa glows like a diamond. Farther east, Hong Kong and Shanghai are afire. Developed society, it’s clear, is where the light is. A growing field of research suggests that night-time light itself is far more dangerous than the dark. Everything that lives on this planet evolved during billions of years along a reliable cycle of day and night. But artificial light breaks the cycle. This causes sleeplessness among astronauts who take pills but still get only six hours of shuteye. Shift workers, who rise with the night and work in blue light, experience not only disturbed circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), but an increased likelihood of breast cancer. When we, in the industrialized world, do manage to turn off the lights, there are measurable, beneficial effects. In a widely reported paper last summer, Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado took eight students camping in the Rocky Mountains for two weeks. They weren’t allowed to use any artificial light after sunset — only the glow of campfire. After a week, melatonin (褪黑素) started to rise at sunset, peak at midnight, and decrease just at sunrise. “Internal biological time under natural light-dark conditions tightly synchronizes with environmental time,” he said. For those of us addicted to our glowing phones and tablets, an app called Flux can help. It ‘warms’ your device’s display screen so that it shifts red in the evening, more closely matching the color of the setting sun. Just a brief glimpse at your mobile phone at bedtime is enough to expose your eyes to artificial light, so fighting such a disturbance might be an exercise in vain. But even if we can’t completely contain our thirst for light, we can all make one small gesture, which could stimulate us to unplug a little more. 8. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Darkness poses health threats to shift workers. B. Sleeplessness are more likely to cause breast cancer. C. Humans can easily adapt to the changing surroundings. D. Astronauts take pills to minimize day-and-night cycle disturbance. 9. What does the underlined word “synchronize with” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Correspond to. B. Interact with C. Object to. D. Blend with. 10. How does Flux help reduce the harmful effects of artificial light? A. By blocking artificial lights. B. By warming the screen temperature. C. By reducing screen brightness. D. By creating the natural change of light. 11. What’s the purpose of the final sentence? A. To settle a debate. B. To suggest a solution. C. To promote a product. D. To contradict an assumption. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工夜光对生物节律和健康的危害，并呼吁减少使用发光设备。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This causes sleeplessness among astronauts who take pills but still get only six hours of shuteye. (这导致服用安眠药的宇航员仍只能获得六小时睡眠)”可知，宇航员服用药物是为了缓解昼夜节律被打乱导致的睡眠问题。故选D。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“After a week, melatonin (褪黑素) started to rise at sunset, peak at midnight, and decrease just at sunrise. (一周后，褪黑素水平开始随着日落而上升，在午夜时分达到峰值，并随着日出逐渐下降)”可知，人体生物钟在自然光下与环境时间“同步”，划线短语synchronizes with与选项A含义相近，意为“与……一致”。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“For those of us addicted to our glowing phones and tablets, an app called Flux can help. It ‘warms’ your device’s display screen so that it shifts red in the evening, more closely matching the color of the setting sun. (对于那些沉迷于发光手机和平板电脑的人来说，一款名为Flux的应用程序可以提供帮助。该功能会使设备屏幕‘变暖’，在傍晚时分逐渐转为红色调，更接近落日余晖的色温)”可知，Flux通过调整屏幕颜色接近夕阳的红光，模拟自然光线变化。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段最后一句“But even if we can’t completely contain our thirst for light, we can all make one small gesture, which could stimulate us to unplug a little more. (但即便我们无法彻底抑制对光明的渴望，至少可以做一个小小举动，这或许能激励我们稍离电子设备，重拾自然节律)”可知，建议人们采取小行动，属于提出解决方案。故选B。 D Seeing or hearing someone yawn can make you yawn. This phenomenon is not limited to humans; some animals experience contagious yawning, too. But why is yawning contagious? Brain cells called mirror neurons (镜像神经元), which respond to actions that we observe in others, may play a role. “When you see someone yawn, those neurons fire up,” said Andrew Gallup, a professor of behavioral biology. This mechanism may explain why yawning spreads so easily within social groups. Research has also shown that people and animals are more likely to yawn in response to yawns from familiar individuals compared with strangers. For example, in a 2013 study, dogs yawned more frequently when watching their owner yawn than when watching a stranger yawn. This pattern, known as the “familiarity bias”, is likely driven by attentional biases, as individuals naturally pay closer attention to those within their social circles. One hypothesis (假说) is that contagious yawning evolved to boost threat detection within groups. In a 2007 study published in Evolutionary Psychology, Gallup and colleagues found that yawning helps cool the brain. This cooling effect may improve alertness and mental processing efficiency in the yawner. If yawning spreads through a group, it could help enhance the group’s threat awareness, the team proposed. Another hypothesis is that contagious yawning evolved to keep groups in sync. Yawns follow a natural rhythm and often signal transitions between activities. So, when yawning spreads within a group, group members are consistent in activity patterns and behavior. Support for this hypothesis comes from a recent study on wild African lions. The researchers observed yawns from 19 lions and tracked the connection between contagious yawning and behavioral consistency—when individuals show the same changes in behavior. The results were striking: Lions that “caught” a yawn from another lion were 11 times more likely to mirror the movements of the lion that yawned first, compared with lions who hadn’t caught the yawn. At the end of the day, contagious yawning is less about being tired and more about connection. “It’s your brain’s quiet way of getting in tune with the people (and sometimes pets) around you.” 12. What is the mechanism of contagious yawning? A. Drawing special attention to familiar individuals. B. Activating the mirror neurons to reduce yawning. C. Triggering mirror neurons to imitate observed actions. D. Observing similar actions to make constant responses. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Familiarity bias stimulates group behavior. B. Social bonds drive contagious yawning. C. Full attention dominates yawning patterns. D. Social circles grab more group attention. 14. What does the underlined phrase “in sync” in paragraph 5 mean? A. At the same frequency. B. In close cooperation. C. With the same behavior. D. In similar circumstances. 15. Why is yawning contagious? A. For protection of evolution. B. In pursuit of empathy. C. In consequence of tiredness. D. In light of connection. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了打哈欠会传染的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Brain cells called mirror neurons (镜像神经元), which respond to actions that we observe in others, may play a role. “When you see someone yawn, those neurons fire up,” said Andrew Gallup, a professor of behavioral biology. This mechanism may explain why yawning spreads so easily within social groups.(一种叫做镜像神经元的脑细胞，对我们观察到的他人的行为做出反应，这可能起到了一定作用。行为生物学教授安德鲁・盖洛普说：“当你看到有人打哈欠时，那些神经元就会被激活”这种机制可以解释为什么打哈欠在社会群体中如此容易传播)” 可知，打哈欠传染的机制是触发镜像神经元来模仿观察到的打哈欠行为。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Research has also shown that people and animals are more likely to yawn in response to yawns from familiar individuals compared with strangers. For example, in a 2013 study, dogs yawned more frequently when watching their owner yawn than when watching a stranger yawn. This pattern, known as the “familiarity bias”, is likely driven by attentional biases, as individuals naturally pay closer attention to those within their social circles.(研究还表明，与面对陌生人打哈欠相比，人和动物更有可能对熟悉个体的哈欠做出回应，跟着打哈欠。例如，在 2013 年的一项研究中，狗看到主人打哈欠时，比看到陌生人打哈欠时，打哈欠的频率更高。这种模式被称为“熟悉度偏见”，它很可能是由注意力偏差导致的，因为个体自然会更关注自己社交圈子里的对象)” 可知，人们和动物对熟悉个体的打哈欠更容易产生反应，说明社交联系推动了打哈欠的传染。故选B。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段“So, when yawning spreads within a group, group members are consistent in activity patterns and behavior.(因此，当打哈欠在一个群体中传播时，群体成员在活动模式和行为上是一致的)” 以及 “The results were striking: Lions that ‘caught’ a yawn from another lion were 11 times more likely to mirror the movements of the lion that yawned first, compared with lions who hadn’t caught the yawn.(结果令人震惊：与没有被传染打哈欠的狮子相比，被其他狮子传染打哈欠的狮子模仿先打哈欠狮子动作的可能性要高出 11 倍)” 可知，“in sync” 指的是群体成员有相同的行为。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the end of the day, contagious yawning is less about being tired and more about connection.(归根结底，打哈欠传染与其说是因为疲劳，不如说是关于联系)” 可知，打哈欠传染是因为联系。故选D。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Marketing research can give a business a picture of what kinds of new products and services may bring a profit. ____16____ By researching the answers to specific questions, small-business owners can learn whether they need to change their package design or adjust their delivery methods. ____17____ Failure to do market research before you begin a business venture or during its operation is like driving a car from Texas to New York without a map or street signs. You have to know which direction to travel and how fast to go. ____18____ It will also tell you when they are most likely and willing to purchase your goods or use your services. When you conduct marketing research, you can use the results either to create a business and marketing plan or to measure the success of your current plan. That’s why it’s important to ask the right questions, in the right way, of the right people. ____19____ The goal of primary research is to gather data from analyzing current sales and the effectiveness of current practices. Primary research also takes competitors’ plans into account, giving you information about your competition. ____20____ With secondary data, you can identify competitors, establish benchmarks (标准) and identify targets. Your targets are the people who fall into your targeted population: people who live a certain lifestyle, exhibit particular behavioral patterns or fall into a predetermined age group. A. Research, done poorly, can lead a business in the wrong direction. B. No small business can succeed without understanding its customers. C. Sometimes they even consider offering additional services accordingly. D. A market research plan is like a map indicating where your customers are. E. Relying on the published work of others doesn’t give you the full picture. F. It can also tell companies whether they are meeting their customers’ needs. G. The goal of secondary research is to analyze data that has already been published. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。市场调研可以让企业了解什么样的新产品和服务可以带来利润，为企业经营指明方向。文章对市场调研的作用进行了介绍。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Marketing research can give a business a picture of what kinds of new products and services may bring a profit.”（市场调研可以让企业了解什么样的新产品和服务可以带来利润。）可知，此处是讲市场调研的作用，所以选项F（它还可以告诉公司他们是否满足了客户的需求。）切合文意。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据前文“By researching the answers to specific questions, small-business owners can learn whether they need to change their package design or adjust their delivery methods.”（通过研究特定问题的答案，小企业主可以了解他们是否需要改变他们的包装设计或调整他们的交付方法。）可知，此处是讲小企业主通过研究特定问题的答案会采取一些提高销量的措施，所以选项C（有时他们甚至考虑提供相应的额外服务。）切合文意。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Failure to do market research before you begin a business venture or during its operation is like driving a car from Texas to New York without a map or street signs.”（在创业之前或经营期间没有做市场调查，就像开车从德克萨斯州到纽约，没有地图和路标一样。）可知，此处是讲市场调查就像地图一样，所以选项D（一份市场调查计划就像一份地图，标明你的客户在哪里。）切合文意。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据前文“That’s why it’s important to ask the right questions, in the right way, of the right people.”（这就是为什么用正确的方式向正确的人提出正确的问题很重要。）可知，此处是讲市场调查一定要正确实施，否则会导致严重的后果，所以选项A（研究如果做得不好，可能会把企业引向错误的方向。）切合文意。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据后文“With secondary data, you can identify competitors, establish benchmarks (标准) and identify targets.”（借助次级数据，您可以确定竞争对手，建立基准和确定目标。）可知，此处是讲次级研究，所以选项G（次级研究的目标是分析已经发表的数据。）切合文意。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Simon Griffiths is the founder of Who Gives A Crap, a company that has ____21____ the toilet paper industry. His journey began with a(n) ____22____ statistic — a toilet is not ____23____ to 2. 4 billion people, about 40% of the world! While volunteering in Asia and Africa, Simon ____24____ organizations doing incredible things to help people there, but the lack of sustainable funding greatly ____25____ their work. Inspired by his experience in developing countries, Simon ____26____ to sell goods to make a difference. But what should he sell? One day, Simon walked into the bathroom and a good idea ____27____ him: he could sell toilet paper and donate half profits to help fund organizations build toilets. Who Gives A Crap was born. Too often, people buy products that ____28____ to their taste but without clever packaging, so his ____29____ was to create something that ____30____ quality and aesthetics (美学), so that people would want to put it in their bathroom. It was not beyond their ____31____ that their goods sold well. Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2, 00 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest ____32____ . When interviewed, Simon said “I tried various jobs before Who Gives A Crap. But after working in both corporate and non-profit organizations, I ____33____ I wanted to combine business with social ____34____ so I found the way to use profits from everyday products to do good ____35____ . ” 21. A. created B. occupied C. transformed D. disturbed 22. A. interesting B. shocking C. obvious D. awesome 23. A. invisible B. sensitive C. accessible D. unique 24. A. announced B. witnessed C. imagined D. suggested 25. A. took up B. weighed up C. held back D. appealed to 26. A. revealed B. revised C. resigned D. resolved 27 A. annoyed B. struck C. bothered D. chose 28. A. subscribe B. react C. stick D. correspond 29. A. intention B. attitude C. assumption D. criterion 30. A. ignored B. combined C. evaluated D. adopted 31 A. expectation B. description C. passion D. occupation 32. A. partner B. client C. opponent D. donor 33. A. blamed B. denied C. recognized D. detected 34. A. impacts B. careers C. prospects D. conflicts 35. A. globally B. immediately C. appropriately D. individually 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Simon Griffiths创立了Who Gives A Crap，通过销售环保厕纸并捐赠利润来改善全球卫生条件，成功转型了厕纸行业。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Simon Griffiths是Who Gives A Crap 的创始人，这是一家改变了卫生纸行业的公司。A. created创建；B. occupied占据；C. transformed改变；D. disturbed打扰。根据下文“Too often, people buy products that …to their taste but without clever packaging, so his…was to create something that…quality and aesthetics (美学) , so that people would want to put it in their bathroom.”可知，人们购买的产品符合自己的品味，但没有巧妙的包装，所以他的意图是创造一种结合质量和美学的东西，这样人们就会想把它放在他们的浴室里，这家公司改变了行业现状。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程从一个令人震惊的统计数字开始——有24亿人无法使用厕所，约占世界人口的40% ！A. interesting有趣的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. obvious明显的；D. awesome极好的。根据下文“to 2.4 billion people, about 40% of the world!”可知，指24亿人没有厕所可用，约占世界人口的40%，这是令人震惊的数据。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程从一个令人震惊的统计数字开始——有24亿人无法使用厕所，约占世界人口的40% ！A. invisible看不见的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. accessible可到达的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“to a toilet”可知，这里是指没有使用厕所的权利或机会。accessible to“有机会使用”。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在亚洲和非洲做志愿者时，Simon目睹了一些组织在那里的惊人工作，但缺乏可持续资金大大阻碍了他们的工作。A. announced宣布；B. witnessed见证，目睹；C. imagined想象；D. suggested建议。根据下文“organizations doing incredible things to help people there”可知，这里是说他目睹了那些组织的工作。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. took up占据；B. weighed up权衡；C. held back阻碍；D. appealed to吸引。根据上文“organizations doing incredible things to help people there, but the lack of sustainable funding greatly”可知，资金缺乏阻碍了他们的工作。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到在发展中国家的经历的启发，Simon决定通过销售商品来改变世界。A. revealed透露；B. revised修订；C. resigned辞职；D. resolved决定。根据下文“to sell goods to make a difference”可知，这里是指他决定要出售商品。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Simon走进浴室，突然想到一个好主意：他可以卖厕纸，然后把一半的利润捐赠给一些组织，帮助他们建造厕所。A. annoyed使恼怒；B. struck突然想到；C. bothered困扰；D. chose选择。根据下文“he could sell toilet paper and donated half profits to help fund organizations building toilets”可知，Simon突然想到一个好主意。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，人们购买的产品符合自己的品味，但没有巧妙的包装，所以他的意图是创造一种结合质量和美学的东西，这样人们就会想把它放在他们的浴室里。A. subscribe订阅；B. react反应；C. stick坚持；D. correspond符合。根据上文“people buy products”和下文“to their taste”可知，这里是指人们购买的产品符合人们的口味。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intention意图；B. attitude态度；C. assumption假设；D. criterion标准。根据后文“so that people would want to put it in their bathroom.”可知，创造一种结合质量和美学的东西，这样人们就会想把它放在他们的浴室里，这是他的意图或目的。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ignored忽视；B. combined结合；C. evaluated评估；D. adopted采纳。根据后文“quality and aesthetics”可知，这里指结合质量和美学。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的货物卖得很好，这是意料之中的。A. expectation期望；B. description描述；C. passion激情；D. occupation职业。根据下文“that their goods sold well”可知，货物卖得很好，这是他们预料之中的，没有超出他们的预期。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对WaterAid Australia的捐赠从最初的2500澳元增长到585万澳元，成为其最大的捐赠者。A. partner伙伴；B. client客户；C. opponent对手；D. donor捐赠者。根据上文“Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2, 500 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest”可知，他们捐赠了很多，他们成为其最大的捐赠者。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在公司和非营利组织工作后，我认识到我想把商业和社会影响结合起来，所以我找到了用日常产品的利润在全球做好事的方法。A. blamed责备；B. denied否认；C. recognized认识到；D. detected检测。根据下文“I wanted to combining business with social”可知，这里是指他认识到了把商业和社会影响结合起来这一点。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impacts影响；B. careers事业；C. prospects前景；D. conflicts冲突。根据上文“Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2,500 AUD to 5.85 million AUD(他们对澳大利亚水援助组织的捐款已经从最初的2500澳元增加到585万澳元)”可知，Simon意识到想把商业和社会影响结合起来。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. globally全球地；B. immediately立刻；C. appropriately恰当地；D. individually个别地。根据上文“he could sell toilet paper and donated half profits to help fund organizations building toilets(他可以出售厕纸，并将一半利润捐赠给建造厕所的组织)”可知，Simon想在全球范围内做好事。故选A。 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional paper umbrella is one of China’s original inventions, ____36____ (believe) to have existed in China since the early 1st century CE. While China is not ____37____ home of the umbrella as the ancient invention — the honor belongs ____38____ Ancient Egypt over 3,500 years ago, China is still one of the earliest sources. Initially umbrellas ____39____ (create) from leaves, but the Chinese were most likely the first to develop umbrellas from silk ____40____ especially oil paper around 2,000 years back. According to various Chinese historians, the beginnings of the Chinese umbrella involve the smaller parasols (阳伞), ____41____ back then were used not only as a protective measure from rain and the sun’s heat but also as a symbol of power. That is, the ____42____ (big) the umbrella and the more people needed to carry it, the more powerful the person under the umbrella was. The earliest paper and silk umbrellas were already carefully made with light bamboo, typically ____43____ (weigh) only a few hundred grams. However, they can ____44____(effective) protect against the heavy rain because of the complex process of treating the paper or silk with wax (蜡) or lacquer (漆). Later on, wax and lacquer were replaced with the more ____45____ (afford) oil, and thus we have the oil-paper umbrellas that are still widely available today. 【答案】36. believed 37. the 38. to 39. were created 40. and 41. which 42. bigger 43. weighing 44. effectively 45. affordable 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统纸伞的历史。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：传统的纸伞是中国的原始发明之一，据信自公元1世纪初就在中国存在了。动词believe与其逻辑主语The traditional paper umbrella是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故填believed。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然中国并不是伞的发源地——这项荣誉属于3500多年前的古埃及，但中国仍然是最早的伞的来源之一。根据空后的of the umbrella可知，此处用定冠词the修饰home，表特指。故填the。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。固定搭配belong to“属于”，to是介词。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：最初，雨伞是用树叶做成的，但大约2000年前，中国人很可能是第一个用丝绸，尤其是油纸制作雨伞的人。根据空前的Initially可知，此处应用一般过去时，动词create与其主语umbrellas之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be使用were。故填were created。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：同上。根据句意，空前的silk和空后的oil paper为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：根据不同的中国历史学家的说法，中国伞的起源包括较小的阳伞，在当时，这不仅是一种保护措施，防止雨水和太阳的热量，而且是权力的象征。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the smaller parasols(阳伞)，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：也就是说，伞越大，需要带的人越多，伞下的人就越有力量。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，就越……”，为固定句型。故填bigger。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最早的纸伞和丝绸伞是用轻竹子精心制作的，通常只有几百克重。weigh和逻辑主语light bamboo之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填weighing。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，它们可以有效地防止大雨，因为它们用蜡或漆处理纸张或丝绸的复杂过程。此处修饰动词protect，应用副词effectively“有效地”，作状语。故填effectively。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：后来，蜡和漆被更便宜的油所取代，因此我们有了今天仍然广泛使用的油纸伞。此处修饰名词oil，应用形容词affordable“便宜的”，作定语。故填affordable。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你李华，假期你参加了社区职业体验活动（Occupational Experience）。请给外国友人Charles写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1. 你的经历； 2. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Charles, How is everything going? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Charles, How is everything going? I participated in a community Occupational Experience program during the holiday and tried out different jobs like being a librarian and a waiter. As a librarian, I helped organize books and assisted visitors in finding what they needed. As a waiter, I learned to serve customers quickly and politely, making sure their dining experience was enjoyable. It was really eye-opening. I enjoyed the experience a lot and realized that every job requires dedication and patience. It was tiring but rewarding. I learned a lot and felt proud of what I did. I hope you had a great holiday too. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国友人Charles写一封邮件分享参加社区职业体验活动的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 确保：make sure→ensure 愉快的：enjoyable→pleasant 有益的：rewarding→beneficial 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As a waiter, I learned to serve customers quickly and politely, making sure their dining experience was enjoyable. 拓展句：As a waiter, I learned to serve customers quickly and politely so that I could make sure their dining experience was enjoyable. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I enjoyed the experience a lot and realized that every job requires dedication and patience.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】As a waiter, I learned to serve customers quickly and politely, making sure their dining experience was enjoyable.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As someone who takes a bus to work on a regular basis, I often catch people drawing or writing on the seats and even windows of the bus. It’s an annoying sight, especially when I see the marks left behind on what should be clean and shared public spaces. However, I usually hesitate to stop them, unsure of how to approach the situation without causing unnecessary conflict. The other day, when I got on my usual bus home, I noticed it was unusually quiet. The bus was mostly empty, with only a few primary school students and their parents seated in the largely unoccupied rows. Among them, a little girl carrying a drawing board caught my eye. Her mother, holding a school bag, followed closely. They made their way to the back of the bus and settled into the seat next to mine. The girl, no older than eight, had an air of innocence about her, her eyes wide with curiosity. Her mother, with a kind and warm expression, listened attentively to her daughter’s lively talk, nodding and smiling as the girl spoke excitedly. The girl’s voice was filled with excitement as she talked about her day. “Mom, today we learned how to draw trees with shading! Look, I can show you!” she said, her words flowing out eagerly. Her mother smiled, her eyes wrinkling at the corners, and replied, “That’s wonderful! Why don’t you draw it again for me so I can see how much better you’ve gotten?” The mother then took out a pencil, and asked the girl to draw what she had learned in class. The little girl, pencil in hand, glanced around for a place to draw. My heart sank. I prepared myself for what I thought would be another act of damage — a pencil scratching against the back of the seat and leaving yet another mark on public property. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But what happened next surprised me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Watching the mother and daughter’s behavior, I couldn’t help but clap for them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 But what happened next surprised me. Just as the little girl was about to draw on the seat back, her mother gently stopped her. “Remember, sweetie,” she said in a tender yet firm tone, “We don’ t want to leave marks where they don’t belong.” The girl nodded eagerly, her eyes sparkling with understanding. I realized this mother was turning a potential problem into a teachable moment, guiding her daughter with patience and care. Then the girl placed her drawing board on her lap and began to sketch, her mother watching with pride, her eyes shining with approval. The bus continued its journey, and the atmosphere remained peaceful. Watching the mother and daughter’s behavior, I couldn’t help but clap for them. The mother looked up, surprised but visibly pleased, while the girl beamed with pride. “Thank you,” the mother said with a smile. “It’s important to teach her to respect public spaces.” Her words struck a chord in me, prompting me to reflect on my own reluctance to act. Perhaps I should trust more in people’s willingness to do the right thing, especially when given the chance to learn and grow. Indeed, the girl’s innocent joy and her mother’s nurturing presence restored my faith in humanity. Sometimes, it’s the simplest gestures that leave the deepest marks — not on surfaces, but on hearts. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了在公交车上，作者看到一位小女孩准备在座椅上画画，心中担忧她会破坏公共财物。然而，她的母亲及时阻止并教导她要尊重公共空间，让小女孩在自己的画板上创作。这一幕深深触动了作者，使作者反思并重新找回对人性的信任与希望。通过这个小故事，作者学到了教育的力量以及积极维护公共秩序的重要性。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但接下来发生的事情让我大吃一惊。”可知，第一段可描写女孩母亲并没有纵容她，反而是利用这个机会教育她。 ②由第二段首句内容“看着这对母女的行为，我忍不住为她们鼓掌。”可知，第二段可描写母亲和女孩对作者鼓掌的反应以及作者的感悟。 2. 续写线索：女儿准备画画——母亲阻止——教育——女儿理解——鼓掌——感谢——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①阻止：stop/deter ②反思：reflect on/think about ③恢复：restore/revive 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/astonished ②高兴的：pleased/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1] We don’ t want to leave marks where they don’t belong. (使用了where引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] Then the girl placed her drawing board on her lap and began to sketch, her mother watching with pride, her eyes shining with approval. (使用了独立主格结构) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届临川区高三第一次模拟测试 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 本次考试听力部分另外安排。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Looking for a new way to commute or have fun on the move? These innovative personal transport options offer something for everyone-from high-tech shoes to bikes and scooters. ZUUM SHOES £477 ZUUMTECH.COM Simply step on the Zuum shoes, strap in and the foot sensor will control your drive as you “skate” along. Moving your weight forwards and backwards determines your speed and direction. However, the Zuum Shoes give you the freedom to move your feet individually for greater dexterity (灵巧) as you ride. They can travel a distance of seven miles on a single charge. BYB P8 £1,400 TERNBICYCLES.COM The BYB P8 can be a city commuter’s best friend. Able to fold down around 30 per cent smaller than traditional folding bikes, it can easily fit into narrow spaces. At just 14.3 kilograms, it is a lightweight bicycle to navigate busy train stations. There are also some handy extra features commuters will appreciate, like a Metro transit rack and free-spinning wheels. AIKE T PRO £1,399 RIDEAIKE.COM This foldable electric scooter has a top speed of 15 miles per hour. Its chargeable battery supplies enough power for a range of 24 miles. You can track your speed and battery life through its display. It also comes with a companion app which lets you track its location and receive trip summaries. HIBOY BK1 £312.35 HIBOY.COM Hiboy BKI electrical balance bike, designed for children between 2 and 5, can be the perfect bike to teach them how to ride. With a little power boost, this bike can reach modest speeds of up to nine miles per hour. When the power runs out, it operates like a typical bike. 1. Which personal transport best suits daily train travelers? A. ZUUM SHOES B. BYB P8. C. AIKE T PRO D. HIBOY BK1. 2. What do Zuum Shoes and AIKET PRO have in common? A. They feature foldable designs. B. They include companion apps. C. They use rechargeable batteries D. They offer weight-responsive control 3. What is the text? A. A users’ guide. B. A sports review. C. A tech news report. D. An advertisement. B In a small village in Sindh, Pakistan, my journey began with a wooden cane, herding buffalo (野牛) along the village’s edge. Life was simple, with mud homes and green fields, yet my dreams were vast. One day, a group of students in uniforms sparked my curiosity. I demanded to see their books, and the illustrations within fueled my imagination. I declared my dream to attend school. The days were filled with the rhythmic sound of buffalo hooves and the earthy smell of the fields. Despite the humble beginnings, my heart longed for the world beyond the village. Months passed in routine until my uncle, a man of few words but great authority, convinced my parents of the value of education. I enrolled in primary school, eager to learn, my mind absorbing every lesson like a sponge. My academic success was met with ridicule when I desired to study in Karachi, a distant city known for its bustling energy and educational institutions. The villagers found it amusing, a boy from the fields dreaming of such heights. Despite depression and a near-tragic moment, my brother’s words, “Your Challenges Are Stepping-Stones to Success,” echoed. I turned to writing, finding comfort and recognition in the pages of my notebook. Years later, college fee was another barrier, a mountain of debt that seemed unconquerable. But I found a part-time job at a newspaper, which led to an internship in Hyderabad and then a career in calligraphy and advertising. The internship was a turning point, a glimpse into a world I had only dreamed of, where my skills were valued and my potential was recognized. Reflecting on the past, the laughter of doubters holds no power. My story is a witness to the power of dreams and hard work. It proves that with belief in oneself and the courage to use one’s talents, anything is possible. I hope my journey inspires others to chase their dreams, regardless of the obstacles, and to believe that every challenge is an opportunity to rise higher. 4 What contributed to the author’s enrollment in primary school? A. His uncle’s persuasion on his parents. B. His persistent demand for education. C. The village’s traditional emphasis on education. D. His outstanding academic performance in self-learning. 5. How did the villagers react when I expressed my desire to study in Karachi? A. They were indifferent to it. B. They made fun of it. C. They supported it cautiously. D. They considered it tough. 6. Which adjectives can best describe the author? A. Humorous and Adaptable. B. Sensitive and Diligent. C. Lucky and Opportunistic. D. Ambitious and Resilient. 7. Which is the most suitable title for this passage? A. A Pleasant Journey of Pursuing Academic Success. B. From Herding Buffalo to Attaining Career Success. C. Valuable Lessons from My Academic Pursuit. D. How I Escaped from a Pakistan Village. C In satellite images of the Earth from space, the United States seems to split in half: the eastern side is much brighter than the west. Across the Atlantic, Europe glints. The Nile Delta in Africa glows like a diamond. Farther east, Hong Kong and Shanghai are afire. Developed society, it’s clear, is where the light is. A growing field of research suggests that night-time light itself is far more dangerous than the dark. Everything that lives on this planet evolved during billions of years along a reliable cycle of day and night. But artificial light breaks the cycle. This causes sleeplessness among astronauts who take pills but still get only six hours of shuteye. Shift workers, who rise with the night and work in blue light, experience not only disturbed circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), but an increased likelihood of breast cancer. When we, in the industrialized world, do manage to turn off the lights, there are measurable, beneficial effects. In a widely reported paper last summer, Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado took eight students camping in the Rocky Mountains for two weeks. They weren’t allowed to use any artificial light after sunset — only the glow of campfire. After a week, melatonin (褪黑素) started to rise at sunset, peak at midnight, and decrease just at sunrise. “Internal biological time under natural light-dark conditions tightly synchronizes with environmental time,” he said. For those of us addicted to our glowing phones and tablets an app called Flux can help. It ‘warms’ your device’s display screen so that it shifts red in the evening, more closely matching the color of the setting sun. Just a brief glimpse at your mobile phone at bedtime is enough to expose your eyes to artificial light, so fighting such a disturbance might be an exercise in vain. But even if we can’t completely contain our thirst for light, we can all make one small gesture, which could stimulate us to unplug a little more. 8. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Darkness poses health threats to shift workers. B. Sleeplessness are more likely to cause breast cancer. C. Humans can easily adapt to the changing surroundings. D. Astronauts take pills to minimize day-and-night cycle disturbance. 9. What does the underlined word “synchronize with” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Correspond to. B. Interact with C. Object to. D. Blend with. 10. How does Flux help reduce the harmful effects of artificial light? A. By blocking artificial lights. B. By warming the screen temperature. C By reducing screen brightness. D. By creating the natural change of light. 11. What’s the purpose of the final sentence? A. To settle a debate. B. To suggest a solution. C. To promote a product. D. To contradict an assumption. D Seeing or hearing someone yawn can make you yawn. This phenomenon is not limited to humans; some animals experience contagious yawning, too. But why is yawning contagious? Brain cells called mirror neurons (镜像神经元), which respond to actions that we observe in others, may play a role. “When you see someone yawn, those neurons fire up,” said Andrew Gallup, a professor of behavioral biology. This mechanism may explain why yawning spreads so easily within social groups. Research has also shown that people and animals are more likely to yawn in response to yawns from familiar individuals compared with strangers. For example, in a 2013 study, dogs yawned more frequently when watching their owner yawn than when watching a stranger yawn. This pattern, known as the “familiarity bias”, is likely driven by attentional biases, as individuals naturally pay closer attention to those within their social circles. One hypothesis (假说) is that contagious yawning evolved to boost threat detection within groups. In a 2007 study published in Evolutionary Psychology, Gallup and colleagues found that yawning helps cool the brain. This cooling effect may improve alertness and mental processing efficiency in the yawner. If yawning spreads through a group, it could help enhance the group’s threat awareness, the team proposed. Another hypothesis is that contagious yawning evolved to keep groups in sync. Yawns follow a natural rhythm and often signal transitions between activities. So, when yawning spreads within a group, group members are consistent in activity patterns and behavior. Support for this hypothesis comes from a recent study on wild African lions. The researchers observed yawns from 19 lions and tracked the connection between contagious yawning and behavioral consistency—when individuals show the same changes in behavior. The results were striking: Lions that “caught” a yawn from another lion were 11 times more likely to mirror the movements of the lion that yawned first, compared with lions who hadn’t caught the yawn. At the end of the day, contagious yawning is less about being tired and more about connection. “It’s your brain’s quiet way of getting in tune with the people (and sometimes pets) around you.” 12. What is the mechanism of contagious yawning? A. Drawing special attention to familiar individuals. B. Activating the mirror neurons to reduce yawning. C. Triggering mirror neurons to imitate observed actions. D. Observing similar actions to make constant responses. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. Familiarity bias stimulates group behavior. B. Social bonds drive contagious yawning. C. Full attention dominates yawning patterns. D. Social circles grab more group attention. 14. What does the underlined phrase “in sync” in paragraph 5 mean? A. At the same frequency. B. In close cooperation. C. With the same behavior. D. In similar circumstances. 15. Why is yawning contagious? A. For protection of evolution. B. In pursuit of empathy. C. In consequence of tiredness. D. In light of connection. 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Marketing research can give a business a picture of what kinds of new products and services may bring a profit. ____16____ By researching the answers to specific questions, small-business owners can learn whether they need to change their package design or adjust their delivery methods. ____17____ Failure to do market research before you begin a business venture or during its operation is like driving a car from Texas to New York without a map or street signs. You have to know which direction to travel and how fast to go. ____18____ It will also tell you when they are most likely and willing to purchase your goods or use your services. When you conduct marketing research, you can use the results either to create a business and marketing plan or to measure the success of your current plan. That’s why it’s important to ask the right questions, in the right way, of the right people. ____19____ The goal of primary research is to gather data from analyzing current sales and the effectiveness of current practices. Primary research also takes competitors’ plans into account, giving you information about your competition. ____20____ With secondary data, you can identify competitors, establish benchmarks (标准) and identify targets. Your targets are the people who fall into your targeted population: people who live a certain lifestyle, exhibit particular behavioral patterns or fall into a predetermined age group. A. Research, done poorly, can lead a business in the wrong direction. B. No small business can succeed without understanding its customers. C. Sometimes they even consider offering additional services accordingly. D. A market research plan is like a map indicating where your customers are. E. Relying on the published work of others doesn’t give you the full picture. F. It can also tell companies whether they are meeting their customers’ needs. G. The goal of secondary research is to analyze data that has already been published. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Simon Griffiths is the founder of Who Gives A Crap, a company that has ____21____ the toilet paper industry. His journey began with a(n) ____22____ statistic — a toilet is not ____23____ to 2. 4 billion people, about 40% of the world! While volunteering in Asia and Africa, Simon ____24____ organizations doing incredible things to help people there, but the lack of sustainable funding greatly ____25____ their work. Inspired by his experience in developing countries, Simon ____26____ to sell goods to make a difference. But what should he sell? One day, Simon walked into the bathroom and a good idea ____27____ him: he could sell toilet paper and donate half profits to help fund organizations build toilets. Who Gives A Crap was born. Too often, people buy products that ____28____ to their taste but without clever packaging, so his ____29____ was to create something that ____30____ quality and aesthetics (美学), so that people would want to put it in their bathroom. It was not beyond their ____31____ that their goods sold well. Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2 00 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest ____32____ . When interviewed, Simon said “I tried various jobs before Who Gives A Crap. But after working in both corporate and non-profit organizations, I ____33____ I wanted to combine business with social ____34____ so I found the way to use profits from everyday products to do good ____35____ . ” 21. A. created B. occupied C. transformed D. disturbed 22. A. interesting B. shocking C. obvious D. awesome 23. A. invisible B. sensitive C. accessible D. unique 24. A. announced B. witnessed C. imagined D. suggested 25. A. took up B. weighed up C. held back D. appealed to 26. A. revealed B. revised C. resigned D. resolved 27. A. annoyed B. struck C. bothered D. chose 28. A. subscribe B. react C. stick D. correspond 29. A. intention B. attitude C. assumption D. criterion 30. A. ignored B. combined C. evaluated D. adopted 31. A. expectation B. description C. passion D. occupation 32. A. partner B. client C. opponent D. donor 33. A. blamed B. denied C. recognized D. detected 34. A. impacts B. careers C. prospects D. conflicts 35. A. globally B. immediately C. appropriately D. individually 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional paper umbrella is one of China’s original inventions, ____36____ (believe) to have existed in China since the early 1st century CE. While China is not ____37____ home of the umbrella as the ancient invention — the honor belongs ____38____ Ancient Egypt over 3,500 years ago, China is still one of the earliest sources. Initially umbrellas ____39____ (create) from leaves, but the Chinese were most likely the first to develop umbrellas from silk ____40____ especially oil paper around 2,000 years back. According to various Chinese historians, the beginnings of the Chinese umbrella involve the smaller parasols (阳伞), ____41____ back then were used not only as a protective measure from rain and the sun’s heat but also as a symbol of power. That is, the ____42____ (big) the umbrella and the more people needed to carry it, the more powerful the person under the umbrella was. The earliest paper and silk umbrellas were already carefully made with light bamboo, typically ____43____ (weigh) only a few hundred grams. However, they can ____44____(effective) protect against the heavy rain because of the complex process of treating the paper or silk with wax (蜡) or lacquer (漆). Later on, wax and lacquer were replaced with the more ____45____ (afford) oil, and thus we have the oil-paper umbrellas that are still widely available today. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，假期你参加了社区职业体验活动（Occupational Experience）。请给外国友人Charles写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1. 你的经历； 2. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Charles, How is everything going? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As someone who takes a bus to work on a regular basis, I often catch people drawing or writing on the seats and even windows of the bus. It’s an annoying sight, especially when I see the marks left behind on what should be clean and shared public spaces. However, I usually hesitate to stop them, unsure of how to approach the situation without causing unnecessary conflict. The other day, when I got on my usual bus home, I noticed it was unusually quiet. The bus was mostly empty, with only a few primary school students and their parents seated in the largely unoccupied rows. Among them, a little girl carrying a drawing board caught my eye. Her mother, holding a school bag, followed closely. They made their way to the back of the bus and settled into the seat next to mine. The girl, no older than eight, had an air of innocence about her, her eyes wide with curiosity. Her mother, with a kind and warm expression, listened attentively to her daughter’s lively talk, nodding and smiling as the girl spoke excitedly. The girl’s voice was filled with excitement as she talked about her day. “Mom, today we learned how to draw trees with shading! Look, I can show you!” she said, her words flowing out eagerly. Her mother smiled, her eyes wrinkling at the corners, and replied, “That’s wonderful! Why don’t you draw it again for me so I can see how much better you’ve gotten?” The mother then took out a pencil, and asked the girl to draw what she had learned in class. The little girl, pencil in hand, glanced around for a place to draw. My heart sank. I prepared myself for what I thought would be another act of damage — a pencil scratching against the back of the seat and leaving yet another mark on public property. 注意： 1．续写词数应150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But what happened next surprised me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Watching the mother and daughter’s behavior, I couldn’t help but clap for them. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$