必修第2册 UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P462] (限时：30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·八省联考)Jane Jacobs spent her working life advancing a distinct vision of the city—in particular focusing on what makes a successful urban community.At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair，whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense (稠密) and exciting urban environments.She prefers disorder to order，walking to driving，and diversity to uniformity. For Jacobs，urban communities are organic beings that should be left to grow and change by themselves and not be subject to the grand plans of so­called experts and officials.The best judges of how a city should be—and how it should develop—are the local residents themselves.Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions，because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions. Jacobs notes that the built form of a city is crucial to the life of an urban community，especially the sidewalks.The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks，which allow people to meet，talk，and get to know one another.Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better. Diversity and mixed­use of space are also，for Jacobs，key elements of this urban form.The commercial，business，and residential elements of a city should not be separated out but instead be side by side，to allow for greater integration of people.There should also be a diversity of old and new buildings，and people's interactions should determine how buildings get used and reused. Finally，urban communities grow better in places where a critical mass of people live，work，and interact.Such high­density spaces are，she feels，engines of creativity and vitality.They are also safe places to be，because the higher density means that there are more “eyes on the street”： shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了Jacobs一生致力于推进一种独特的城市愿景，尤其关注是什么造就了一个成功的城市社区。 1．What does Jacobs find most important for a successful urban community? A．Efficient public transport. B．Strong interaction between people. C．Uniform style of buildings. D．A comparatively large population. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At the heart of her vision is the idea that urban life should be an energetic and rich affair，whereby people are able to interact with one another in dense (稠密) and exciting urban environments.(她构想的核心在于，城市生活应当充满活力且丰富多彩，人们能够在密集且令人兴奋的城市环境中相互交流。)”可知，Jacobs认为对于一个成功的城市社区来说，人与人之间的强烈互动是最重要的。故选B。 2．Who does Jacobs think should make decisions on urban development? A．Local residents. B．Government officials. C．City planners. D．Construction workers. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For Jacobs (对于Jacobs来说)”以及“The best judges of how a city should be—and how it should develop—are the local residents themselves.(一个城市应该如何发展，最好的评判者是当地居民自己。)”可知，Jacobs认为对城市发展作出决定的应该是当地居民。故选A。 3．How does Jacobs suggest sidewalks be built? A．Lined with plants. B．Painted with clear signs. C．Tightly connected. D．Convenient for the old. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks，which allow people to meet，talk，and get to know one another.Such a complex but ultimately enriching set of encounters helps individuals know their neighbours and neighbourhood better.(人们居住的街道应当是纵横交错的人行道构成的紧密格局，这样人们才能相遇、交谈并相互了解。这样一系列复杂但最终丰富的相遇，有助于人们更好地了解自己的邻居和社区。)”可知，Jacobs建议修建连接紧密的人行道。故选C。 4．According to Jacobs，the “eyes on the street” bring a sense of　　 ． A．pride B．comfort C．security D．urgency 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“They are also safe places to be，because the higher density means that there are more ‘eyes on the street’： shopkeepers and locals who know their area and maintain a close watch over the neighbourhood.(它们也是安全的地方，因为人口密度高意味着有更多‘街头的眼睛’：店主和当地人熟悉自己的区域，并密切留意着社区的情况。)”可知，Jacobs认为，“街头的眼睛”给人们带来一种安全的感觉。故选C。 B (2025·安徽合肥测试)A handshake seems to be a normal gesture.In fact，in the 9th century BC，an ancient site during the ruling of Shalmaneser Ⅲ clearly shows two figures holding hands.Centuries later，Shakespeare once wrote of two characters who shook hands and swore to be brothers in the book As You Like It.Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom whose roots have disappeared in the sands of time. Historians who have studied ancient etiquette (礼仪) books note that the modern handshake did not appear until the middle of the 19th century，when it was considered a slightly inappropriate gesture that could only be used between friends.But what if Shakespeare had written about handshaking hundreds of years earlier? According to author Torbjdm Lundmark in his Tales of Hi and Bye：Greeting and Parting Rituals Around the World the problem comes in different definitions of the handshake.The early handshakes mentioned above were part of making deals or peace.Shakespeare was similarly referencing settlement of a conflict. The modern handshake as a form of greeting is harder to trace.As a Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg—the chief authority for the history of handshaking—wrote in a chapter of an anthology called A Cultural History of Gesture，“More than in any other field，that of the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues”． As the centuries progressed，handshaking was replaced by more hierarchical (等级的) ways of greeting—like bowing.Handshaking survived in a few remote places，like in Dutch towns where some would use the gesture to make peace after disagreements.Around the same time，those who valued equality also made use of handshaking.Then，as the Continent's hierarchy was weakened，handshaking became a common practice among people of the same rank，as it is today. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了握手这一古老的礼仪习俗的起源和演变。最后，文章指出握手在欧洲逐渐被鞠躬等具有等级意味的问候方式取代，但在一些地方仍然保留下来，并逐渐成为同等地位人们之间的常见问候方式。 5．Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first two paragraphs? A．To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to find. B．To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom. C．To show readers that handshaking is common in fiction. D．To explain the value of handshaking in communication. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Centuries later，Shakespeare once wrote of two characters who shook hands and swore to be brothers in the book As You Like It.Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom whose roots have disappeared in the sands of time.” 以及第二段中“But what if Shakespeare had written about handshaking hundreds of years earlier？” 可知，握手这个习俗早已存在，其存在根源消失在历史的长河中，但是通过莎士比亚笔下可以说明握手这个习俗是非常古老的，在其存在的几百年前，就已经记录过。故选B。 6．What can we learn about handshaking from the passage? A．The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is easy to trace. B．Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in Holland. C．It was used only between friends and to reach an agreement. D．It is a common practice between people of different social positions. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Historians who have studied ancient etiquette (礼仪) books note that the modern handshake did not appear until the middle of the 19th century，when it was considered a slightly inappropriate gesture that could only be used between friends.”可知，对于握手这个习俗直到19世纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是一种稍微不合适的手势，只能在朋友之间使用。同时根据第三段中“The early handshakes mentioned above were part of making deals or peace.”以及“Shakespeare was similarly referencing settlement of a conflict.”可知，握手曾经只在朋友之间使用，并且用来达成协议。故选C。 7．Which of the following is similar in meaning to “anthology” in Para.4? A．The science of mental ability. B．A collection of selected literary passages. C．A daily written record of experiences. D．All the living things of a particular region. 解析　B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容“A Cultural History of Gesture《手势的文化史》”以及“More than in any other field，that of the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues” 可知，荷兰社会学家林尔曼·卢登堡所撰写的著作《手势的文化史》中的一个章节指出在手势研究领域，历史学家只需要充分利用少数线索，这一点在其他任何领域都是不常见的事实。故画线词表示荷兰社会学家赫尔曼·卢登堡所撰写文章的精选的文学段落，其与B为同义词。故选B。 8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage? A．The handshake has disappeared in some remote parts of the Netherlands. B．Handshaking has different meanings in different European countries. C．Handshakes are now common between people of different positions. D．Most Europeans prefer to shake hands owing to the weakening effect of rank. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Around the same time，those who valued equality also made use of handshaking.Then，as the Continent's hierarchy was weakened，handshaking became a common practice among people of the same rank，as it is today.” 可知，大多数欧洲人更喜欢握手，因为等级的影响越来越弱。故选D。 C (2025·四川成都模拟)Inside Baiduren，which looks by outward appearances like a cafe，relatives of the dead can tell the staff stories that they may not be able to share with friends and family for any number of reasons. “Our job initially was funeral planning and handling related affairs for customers，” said Shi Xiaolin，leader of what Badiruen calls the “life experiencing project”．“After a few years，we felt that we wanted to make a breakthrough in the industry because there are still so many prejudices about funeral homes，” he explained. That was obvious from the start.Shi and his team had difficulty finding a landlord willing to rent to a funeral parlor (殡仪馆).In the end，the site they found was in Hongkou District，a mere 10­minute walk from Baoxing Funeral Parlor，one of the largest undertakers in Shanghai. The Baiduren salon is decorated in a modern style，with soft lighting that contrasts with traditional funeral homes. “Apart from those who want to pour their hearts out，we also receive families who want to discuss funeral affairs in a more relaxed，comforting environment，” Shi told Shanghai Daily. The Baiduren salon looks like a common cafe，but many people come here to pour out their hearts about their perceptions of life and death.The salon has been more popular than the team expected since its soft opening in late February.In the past month，the team has listened to a lot of stories—from survivors who can't seem to accept the loss of a loved one，to survivors still in shock over a death that occurred by accident.In turn，staff often relate their own stories of sorrow. The salon，from the standpoint of both staff and customers，points to a change in how people—especially the young—view death and funerals.And Baiduren is not the only example of young people determined to make a difference in the funeral business. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了上海一家叫作“摆渡人”的沙龙，在这家新式的殡葬服务沙龙里，死者亲属可以诉说内心的痛苦或者讲述无法向别人分享的故事。 9．What difficulty did Shi Xiaolin meet at first? A．He couldn't find employees. B．No one would rent sites to him. C．The relatives of the dead doubted him. D．He lacked money to decorate the parlor. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“That was obvious from the start.Shi and his team had difficulty finding a landlord willing to rent to a funeral parlor.”可知，Shi一开始遇到的困难是没人愿意把场地租给他。故选B。 10．What is people's attitude toward the Baiduren salon? A．They accept the new trend. B．They show no interest in it. C．They hold a wait­and­see attitude. D．They feel it shows no respect to the dead. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第六段“The Baiduren salon looks like a common cafe，but many people come here to pour out their hearts about their perceptions of life and death.The salon has been more popular than the team expected since its soft opening in late February.”可知，这家沙龙比团队预期的更受欢迎，说明人们接受了这个新的趋势。故选A。 11．Which words can be used to describe Shi Xiaolin? A．Honest and reliable. B．Warm­hearted and humble. C．Considerate and creative. D．Diligent and responsible. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段以及第四段“The Baiduren salon is decorated in a modern style，with soft lighting that contrasts with traditional funeral homes.”可知，创办人想到为死者家属提供倾听和情绪服务，并把沙龙装饰成现代风格，和传统殡葬馆形成鲜明的对比，这说明他是有头脑、有创意并且能够体贴他人的人。故选C。 12．What will be talked about next? A．The future of the Baiduren salon. B．Other people engaging in funeral business. C．The diverse services the Baiduren salon offers. D．Young people's view on funeral business. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“从员工和客户的角度来看，沙龙反映了人们——尤其是年轻人——对死亡和葬礼看法的转变。而摆渡人并不是唯一一个决心在殡葬行业做出改变的年轻人的例子”可知，接下来作者会介绍其他从事殡葬服务行业的年轻人。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·河北石家庄教学质量检测)While technology addicts teens to their devices, they are not helpless against the draw of it.Here are five ways educators can support their students'digital well­being. Explore design tricks companies use.The technology we use daily is designed to catch and hold our attention.Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen.To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto­play to get users to stay on their apps. 1 Talk about how technology can increase feelings of anxiety.The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use. 2 We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren't serving their well­being. 3 Social media can bring the feeling：“All my friends have better lives than me”．Plus, design features like “read receipts” can lead to teens knowing their messages have been seen and stressing about why friends haven't yet replied.These are classic examples of thinking traps.Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts. Uncover the ways that AI can play a role in misinformation.AI is rapidly transforming the world.Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. 4 By understanding how these technologies work, students can start to enjoy more benefits of technology. Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child.Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you're teaching in class. 5 Knowing we're all in the same boat is crucial. A．Social media is ruining our life. B．Connect them with their inner world. C．Build their awareness of thinking traps. D．This by no means indicates all technology is bad. E．They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views. F．It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well­being. G．Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育工作者帮助学生保持数字健康的五种方法。 1．解析　G　本段建议教育工作者探索公司使用的设计套路。空前讲“老师们可以分析设计套路，解释公司如何使用自动播放等功能来吸引用户留在其应用程序上”，空处应该解释这样做的好处。故G项“了解这些可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力”符合题意。选项中的these指代上文的“design tricks”和how companies employ features like auto­play...their apps”。选项中的attention是词汇再现。故选G。 2．解析　D　空前讲“青少年心理健康状况的恶化与社交媒体使用的增加有关”。再根据空后提到的“benefits of technology”与“the habits that aren't serving their well­being”可知，科技有利有弊，不能全面否定。故D项“这决不意味着所有科技都是坏的”承上启下。选项中的This指代空前讲到的情况。故选D。 3．解析　C　分析文章结构可知，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句。本段主要介绍了社交媒体设计套路中的“思维陷阱”。C项“树立他们的思维陷阱意识”能概括本段内容。选项中的thinking traps是解题的关键。故选C。 4．解析　E　本段建议提示人工智能在错误信息中发挥作用的方式。空前讲“推荐算法决定了我们在信息推送和搜索结果中可以看到什么和不能看到什么，这可能会产生非常现实的后果”，空处应该描述后果的具体内容。E项“它们会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点”符合语境。选项中的They指代上文的“Recommendation algorithms (算法)”。故选E。 5．解析　F　本段建议鼓励家长和孩子进行有意义的交谈。空后讲“知道我们都在同一条船上是至关重要的”。F项中的adults and kids all pursue digital well­being是对空后的“we're all in the same boat”的具体解释。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$