必修第1册 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P458] (限时：35分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·江苏南京调研检测)In the heart of the Kanien'keha Nation (卡尼恩克哈部族) in Canada，McComber，a native language teacher reflected on a question raised by Maori (毛利) language advocate Sir Karetu: what was his dream for the future of his language? Kanien'keha，the Mohawk language，is endangered, and for decades，McComber has worked hard to operate a native language school.At the turn of the century，as it encountered more barriers，McComber looked around the world for help and inspiration，and Karetu was the answer.“Don't wait for money or approval; just do the work，” Karetu told him.It's the same message Karetu carried with him decades ago，when te reo Maori，the Maori language，was also on the line. In the early 1970s，young Maori advocates in New Zealand marched to the government，demanding Maori be taught in all public schools.In 1982，Dame Iritana Tawhiwhirangi established Kohanga Reo，an engaging language program where Maori was the only language taught，spoken and used both in the classroom and at home，and the courses focused on their history and culture.“Grandparents became teachers，” she says.“The difference­maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community­led.Families raised the money to rent classroom spaces，and volunteers planned and taught classes.” Translated in English as “language nest”，the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide.“Our parents ruled，” a student of McComber's nest school says，“They wanted to teach us the beauty of our language，our culture，and who we are.And it has given me the confidence to speak and read with ease in both English and Kanien'keha.” The model helped communities view the world through their ancestors'eyes，ensuring the survival of their way of life.“It's not just about language，” McComber can now answer that question.“It's everything.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了莫霍克语Kanien'keha已经濒临灭绝，为了保护这种语言McComber寻求社会的支持和帮助，建立了Kohanga Reo模式。 1．Why did McComber turn to Karetu for help? A．Karetu also spoke Kanien'keha. B．Karetu once faced a similar crisis. C．He needed his financial support. D．He desired his tips on language learning. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段“At the turn of the century，as it encountered more barriers，McComber looked around the world for help and inspiration，and Karetu was the answer.‘Don't wait for money or approval; just do the work，’ Karetu told him.It's the same message Karetu carried with him decades ago，when te reo Maori，the Maori language，was also on the line.”可知，McComber向Karetu寻求帮助是因为Karetu曾经面临过类似的危机。故选B。 2．What contributed to the success of Kohanga Reo? A．Expansion of public schools. B．Flexibility of the courses. C．Rule of the students'parents. D．Support from the community. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Grandparents became teachers，’ she says.‘The difference­maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community­led.Families raised the money to rent classroom spaces，and volunteers planned and taught classes.’”可知，来自社会的支持促成了Kohanga Reo的成功。故选D。 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The impact of the Kohanga Reo model. B．The importance of parents'involvement. C．The procedure for building the nest school. D．The case of a student finding his real identity. 解析　A　主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，本段主要讲了Kohanga Reo模式的影响。故选A。 4．By saying “It's everything”，McComber suggests______． A．guaranteeing the survival of their own schools B．keeping their culture for future generations C．purifying their unique minority language D．practicing the tradition of their ancestors 解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“The model helped communities view the world through their ancestors'eyes，ensuring the survival of their way of life.‘It's not just about language，’ McComber can now answer that question.‘It's everything.’”可知，通过说“这就是一切”，McComber建议为后代保留他们的文化。故选B。 B (2025·河北石家庄模拟)For the past decade，one of the most linguistically (语言学地) diverse places in the world，square mile after square mile，has been my home: Queens，New York. The soundtrack outside my door is extraordinary: On any given block，passing voices speak varieties of Polish，Ukrainian，Egyptian Arabic，Mexican Spanish，Puerto Rican Spanish，Dominican Spanish，and all the forms of New York City English they give rise to. As a person who studies languages，I can usually distinguish them from one another，but understand only a part of what people are saying. Users of Seke，a language from five villages in Nepal with 700 speakers，live a subway ride away.In certain stores，Albanians，Bosnians，Serbs，and Montenegrins all reunite，using the languages of the former Yugoslavia as if the country still existed.No group has a majority，or even 15 percent of the neighborhood，and most are at just 5 or 10 percent.English acts，for the most part，as a vital lingua franca (通用语).This last point is crucial，because a city can be a haven (避难所) for diversity but also an end point. My neighborhood has its signature sound，but there are several dozen others that are just as diverse，each in a different way. These are the places where the Endangered Language Alliance，the nonprofit I co­direct，has recorded New Yorkers speaking more than 100 languages that the survey and other data sets say don't officially exist，and more than 700 in total. That linguistic portrait makes clear that early­21st­century New York City is a last haven for endangered languages—ones that are being hounded out of existence elsewhere.And this deep linguistic diversity is among the least explored but possibly most important factors in New York's history and makeup.New York's soul can be found in the existence of these many，many languages，explaining New York's particular capacity for tolerance and its ability to “make room” for others. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者所在的纽约皇后区的语言多样性。作者所领导的非营利组织记录了纽约人使用的100多种未被官方认可的语言，这表明21世纪初的纽约市是濒危语言的最后避难所。这种深度的语言多样性是纽约历史和构成中最少被探索但可能是最重要的因素之一，也解释了纽约容纳和接纳他人的特殊能力。 5．What is the author's occupation? A．An economist. B．A historian. C．A linguist. D．A reporter. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段“As a person who studies languages，I can usually distinguish them from one another，but understand only a part of what people are saying.”可推知，作者最可能是语言学家。故选C。 6．What can be inferred about the languages in New York City? A．They are close to disappearing. B．They are mainly spoken by villagers. C．English is the most popular language. D．Most of them are not officially recognized. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第六段“These are the places where the Endangered Language Alliance，the nonprofit I co­direct，has recorded New Yorkers speaking more than 100 languages that the survey and other data sets say don't officially exist，and more than 700 in total.”可知，在纽约市有很多语言并没有被官方认可。故选D。 7．What does the underlined word “hounded” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Protected. B．Threatened. C．Respected. D．Accepted. 解析　B　词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“early­21st­century New York City is a last haven for endangered languages”可知，21世纪初的纽约市是濒危语言的最后避难所，说明这些濒危语言在其他地方正被驱逐出存在的空间，hounded out of existence意为“被驱逐出存在”，也就是受到威胁的意思。故选B。 8．From which book might the text have been taken? A．Language City. B．The Development of Languages. C．Endangered Languages in New York. D．The Importance of Language Diversity. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第一段“For the past decade，one of the most linguistically (语言学地) diverse places in the world，square mile after square mile，has been my home: Queens，New York.”结合文章主要介绍了作者所在的纽约皇后区的语言多样性，21世纪初的纽约市是濒危语言的最后避难所。故文章最可能来自书籍《语言城市》。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·安徽合肥模拟)Several years ago，I was broke and homeless.One day when I 1 a store，a woman in a car parked outside called me.Though it was broad daylight，I was 2 about it when I walked over.She said she was unable to move and 3 me to purchase an Xbox，a game，for her as her son's Christmas gift.She gave me some 4 and her credit card. I walked back in and bought one with her card —her cash was 5 for it.Then it occurred to me why a complete 6 trusted me.“What if I just 7 her cash? How could she possibly put so much 8 in someone？” I handed all her stuff back， 9 I had to pay by her card.With misty eyes，she said，“Just from glancing at you，I know you are a 10 friend to someone in need.You have a face of a(n) 11 ！” She then handed me $20 saying “Merry Christmas！” and drove away. She had no idea how much of a 12 even $20 made.I was able to buy a few 13 groceries for the week and that can really make a 14 time in my life a little better.She may think I helped her，but I 15 feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助一位行动不便的陌生女士购物的经历，展现了陌生人之间的相互信任和关爱。 1．A.entered B．approached C．saw D．exited 解析　D　句意：有一天，当我走出一家商店时，外面停着的一辆车里的一位女士叫我。 根据下文“a woman in a car parked outside called me”可知，外面一辆车里有一位女士叫住了作者，所以作者是从商店走了出去。 2．A.shy B．crazy C．disappointed D．excited 解析　A　句意：虽然是大白天，但当我走过去时还是对此感到有些害羞。 根据上文“a woman in a car parked outside called me”可知，外面一辆车里有一位女士叫住了作者，作者并不认识这个女士，所以当一个陌生人叫住作者时，作者感觉有点不好意思或者害羞。 3．A.ordered B．encouraged C．begged D．allowed 解析　C　句意：她说她无法动弹，请求我为她买一个Xbox游戏机作为她儿子的圣诞礼物。 根据上文“She said she was unable to move”可知，女士因为行动不便，无法给儿子买礼物，所以她请求作者帮助她。 4．A.advice B．confidence C．food D．cash 解析　D　句意：她给了我一些现金和她的信用卡。根据下文“I walked back in and bought one with her card—her cash was 5 for it.”可知，那位女士给了作者一些现金和她的信用卡。 5．A.insufficient B．irresponsible C．abnormal D．unnecessary 解析　A　句意：我拿着她的卡回去买了一个，但她给的现金不足以支付。 根据上文“I walked back in and bought one with her card”可知，作者是用信用卡支付的玩具钱，说明现金不够。 6．A.newcomer B．stranger C．mother D．driver 解析　B　句意：然后我意识到为什么一个完全陌生的人会信任我。 根据上文“One day when I 1 a store，a woman in a car parked outside called me.”可知，这位女士对于作者来说，是一个陌生人，但是她信任作者，让作者帮她买东西。 7．A.owed B．loaned C．pocketed D．lost 解析　C　句意：如果我把她的钱私吞了会怎样呢？根据上文“Then it occurred to me why a complete 6 trusted me.”可知，此处作者在反思，作为陌生人，如果他把女士的钱私吞了会怎样。pocket表示藏进口袋，意指私自占有。 8．A.imagination B．faith C．honor D．strength 解析　B　句意：她怎么能把这么多信任给一个陌生人？根据上文语境及“trusted me”可知，作为陌生人，女士对作者的信任让作者感到惊讶，因为两人素不相识。 9．A.requesting B．thinking C．suggesting D．explaining 解析　D　句意：我把她所有的东西都还给了她，并解释说必须用她的信用卡支付。 根据上文“I walked back in and bought one with her card—her cash was 5 for it.”以及“I had to pay by her card”可知，作者把东西还给女士时，解释说必须用她的卡支付，因为现金不够。 10．A.powerful B．wealthy C．trusty D．reasonable 解析　C　句意：只是看了你一眼，我就了解到你是在别人需要时一个值得信任的朋友。根据下文“friend to someone in need”可知，女士认为作者是一个值得信赖的朋友，所以请求他帮忙。 11．A.angel B．owner C．magician D．artist 解析　A　句意：你有一张天使般的面孔。根据上文“Just from glancing at you，I know you are a 10 friend to someone in need.”可知，女士认为作者是一个值得信赖的朋友，所以女士夸赞作者有着天使般的面容，这是一种赞美，意味着作者看起来善良、可信。 12．A.deal B．difference C．wish D．profit 解析　B　句意：她不知道20美元会对我有多么大的影响。根据上文“Several years ago，I was broke and homeless.”可知，几年前，作者的生活很困难无家可归，所以20美元能够对他造成很大的影响。make a difference表示“有所作为，产生影响”。 13．A.fresh B．similar C．cheap D．favorite 解析　C　句意：我能够为那一周买一些便宜的杂货，这能让我的生活中的艰难时期稍微好过一点。根据上文“Several years ago，I was broke and homeless.”可知，作者的生活很困难，所以作者一定是买便宜的东西。 14．A.long B．different C．new D．tough 解析　D　句意：同上。根据上文“Several years ago，I was broke and homeless.”可知，作者的生活很困难，所以这20美元能够让他艰难的生活变得好一点。 15．A.truly B．naturally C．proudly D．secretly 解析　A　句意：她可能认为我帮助了她，但我真的觉得自己是被赠予了神奇礼物的那个人。 根据空后“feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing”可知，作者真诚地觉得自己才是那个收到了奇妙礼物的人，truly表示真诚地，发自内心地。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·八省联考)In 2010，the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages.The goal was two­fold：1.________ (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2.________ (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication，the bridge of interaction between nations，3.________ the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time，a language and its individual 4.________ (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5.________ (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6.________ the world to better understand China，but also 7.________ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today，more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8.________ (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9.________ rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture，the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history，its hard­working people，its development through 10.________ (innovate)，and its inclusiveness.China，on its part，will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。 1．解析　to celebrate　考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。 2．解析　tongues　考查名词的数。句意：同上。tongue“语言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。 3．解析　and　考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 4．解析　written　考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。 5．解析　be treated　考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表示被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 6．解析　for　考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth for sb/sth，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。 7．解析　promotes　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数形式。故填promotes。 8．解析　improving　考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。 9．解析　the　考查冠词。句意：同上。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。 10．解析　innovation　考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$