必修第1册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P455] (限时：30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·江西南昌模拟)The saying “You need to walk a mile in their shoes” couldn't be truer.It goes for a person in a wheelchair to attend an event.You can't fully grasp what it would be like for your attendees who use a wheelchair to experience your event until you've sat in their seat. With that in mind，Professional Convention Management Association (PCMA) offered participants an opportunity to attend the “Event Mobility & Accessible Design—An Immersive Tour” in a wheelchair.The event was led by accessibility advocate Rosemarie Rossetti，who has been in a wheelchair since an accident paralyzed (使瘫痪) her from the waist down 25 years ago.Rossetti took us for a test run of the wheelchair tour，which opened our eyes to the challenges those in a wheelchair face when attending events and gave us a better understanding of how to make those events more welcoming for them. After we started pushing ourselves around，I was immediately reminded of a recent article on how San Diego Comic­Con attendees were disappointed except for those in a wheelchair.The exhibit hall of the event was not carpeted.The first thing you realize when pushing yourself in a wheelchair is that it's far less physically taxing on cement (水泥) than on carpeting.You should know the truth that it takes more energy and time to navigate in a wheelchair. I hope that my temporary experience in a wheelchair won't fade from memory and that I will look at every event with fresh eyes.In the registration form，it's not enough to ask whether the attendees need wheelchair access but what convenience they need. What can be especially helpful to those in wheelchairs，Rossetti shared，was to feature an accessible navigation map in the app to highlight a wheelchair­only access route.Rossetti accompanied planners on their site visits to make sure the attendees would be fully accessible，but she also suggested proactive use of a wheelchair on the next site visit. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加了一个由Rosemarie Rossetti组织的活动，这个活动让普通人体验坐轮椅的残疾人的感受。 1．Why were the wheelchairs offered to the attendees at the event led by Rossetti? A．To make disabled people know the event's challenges. B．To help them get used to disabled persons'daily life. C.To make the event understood better by the organizers. D．To help them experience the event from disabled persons'view. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rossetti took us for a test run of the wheelchair tour，which opened our eyes to the challenges those in a wheelchair face when attending events and gave us a better understanding of how to make those events more welcoming for them.”可知，这个活动可以让参与者从残疾人的角度体验活动。故选D。 2．What does the underlined word “taxing” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Demanding. B．Attractive. C．Ignorant. D．Rewarding. 解析　A　词句猜测题。根据第三段前两句“After we started pushing ourselves around，I was immediately reminded of a recent article on how San Diego Comic­Con attendees were disappointed except for those in a wheelchair.The exhibit hall of the event was not carpeted.”可知，圣地亚哥动漫展的展厅里没有铺地毯，除了坐轮椅的人，其他与会者对此感到失望。再结合画线词所在句“The first thing you realize when pushing yourself in a wheelchair is that it's far less physically taxing on cement (水泥) than on carpeting.”并结合常识可知，对于坐轮椅的人来说，在水泥地上推轮椅的摩擦力比地毯小，所以更容易推一些，由此可推测出。taxing意为“费力的”，和demanding意思一致。故选A。 3．What does the experience inspire the author to do? A．Organize more events. B．Care for many attendees. C．Make events more accessible. D．Design advanced wheelchairs. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第四段“I hope that my temporary experience in a wheelchair won't fade from memory and that I will look at every event with fresh eyes.In the registration form，it's not enough to ask whether the attendees need wheelchair access but what convenience they need.”可知，作者从这次经历中懂得了要用全新的眼光看待每个活动，要关注残疾人需要的便利。由此可推测出。这次经历激励作者致力于让活动对残疾人更便利。故选C。 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The achievements Rossetti made in the past. B．The feelings Rossetti had during the previous events. C．Rossetti's suggestions on helping disabled attendees. D．Rossetti's opinions on setting up accesses for disabled people. 解析　C　主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段主要介绍了Rossetti在帮助残疾人方面提出的建议。故选C。 B (2024·浙江卷1月)On September 7，1991，the costliest hailstorm(雹暴)in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs.As a result，since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.But farmers in east­central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture(水分)is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand，who farms in that area，has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.“Basically，the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary­Edmonton urban area from hail，”Mr.Stienwand says，“but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss，a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc.of Fargo，North Dakota.“We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air，so we cannot be causing drought，”Dr.Krauss says.“In fact，we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell，a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999，I personally saw significant tornadoes(龙卷风)form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，”Dr.Doswell says.“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind？No one really knows，of course，but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt，Mr.Stienwand suggests，“it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.”In practice，doubt has had the opposite effect.Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts，no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies.Hence，private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了加拿大艾伯塔地区的防雹干预计划，以及不同相关方对该计划的不同态度。 5．What does the project aim to do? A．Conserve moisture in the soil. B．Prevent the formation of hailstones. C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D．Investigate chemical use in farming. 解析　B　细节理解题。题干中的“the project”指的就是第一段中所提到的“Alberta Hail Suppression Project”，因此根据第一段中的“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可知，飞机通过向有威胁性的风暴体播撒一种化学物质，使得小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前先变成雨落下。由此可知，这一计划旨在防止冰雹的形成，A项“保存土壤水分”；C项“预报灾难性雹暴”；D项“调查农业中化学品的使用”。故选B。 6．Who are opposed to the project? A．Farmers in east­central Alberta. B．Managers of insurance companies. C．Provincial government officials. D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But farmers in east­central Alberta...worry that precious moisture(水分)is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔中东部的农民担心人工降雨会带走他们干旱土地中的宝贵水分。由此可知，这些农民是反对这个计划的，故选A。 7．Why does Dr.Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D．To show the link between storms and moisture. 解析　C　写作目的题。根据第四段中的“One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell”可知，Doswell博士对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度。接着他提到1999年亲眼看见的一个已经被播撒了化学物质的风暴单体形成的重大龙卷风。随后他又提出疑问“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind？”，怀疑人工降雨会产生致命的风暴或是减少下风处的水分。由此可推断出，Doswell博士提到他看到的1999 年的龙卷风是为了表明人工降雨存在可能的风险，A项“为了比较不同的播撒方式”；B项“为了说明大雹暴的形成”；C项“为了表明人工降雨可能存在的风险”；D项“为了说明风暴和水分之间的关系”。故选C。 8．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D．Cloud­seeding companies will continue to exist. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Hence，private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.”可知，私营的气候工程公司可以在相对合法的安全环境中继续进行下去，也就是这些公司会继续存在下去，A项“科学研究证明了 Stienwand 是对的”；B项“私营的气候工程公司在加拿大是非法的”；C项“关于人工降雨的疑虑已经消失了”；D项“人工降雨公司会继续存在下去”。故选D。 C (2025·江苏南京调研)Somewhere in the sky，lightning is forming.Although the possibility of getting struck in your lifetime is roughly 1 in 12，000，a human does provide an attractive target for lightning bolts (闪电).Here's what you should expect if you ever find yourself in the path of lightning. A lot can happen in the three milliseconds it takes for a lightning bolt to course through your body.Lightning strikes may leave you with deep wounds，often accompanied with third degree burns.Your clothes might even be torn by the explosive force of the surrounding air being superheated to up to 27，700 ℃.Blood vessels (血管) exploding from the electric shock and heat often create something called a Lichtenberg figure on your skin.This is a pattern of scars (伤疤) that branches out across your body like a tree. But it doesn't end there.You might also be faced with a lifetime of neurological (神经系统的) conditions for reasons that scientists still don't fully understand.It's also possible that you will suffer from pain. In some cases，however，a lightning strike can lead to strange super talents.In a blog post，University of Miami neuroscientist Berit Brogaard writes about an incident where a surgeon who was struck by lightning developed an urge to learn to play the piano.He began to compose music he had started hearing in his head since the strike.This type of phenomenon confuses scientists. One theory that Brogaard says is that cell death caused by being struck by lightning could cause a one­time flooding of the brain with neurotransmitters (神经递质) that are released from the dying neurons (神经元).This causes a rewiring of neurons，providing access to areas of the brain that were previously inaccessible. Cool as it would be，you shouldn't count on lightning turning you into a genius in one flash.Most of its results are painful，and could stay with you for the rest of your life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被闪电击中的后果。 9．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．1 in 12，000 may die from lightning bolts. B．Lightning attacks can heat bodies to 27，700℃. C．Branching scars are typical after lightning attacks. D．Humans are the most likely target for lightning bolts. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Blood vessels (血管) exploding from the electric shock and heat often create something called a Lichtenberg figure on your skin.This is a pattern of scars (伤疤) that branches out across your body like a tree.(血管因电击和高温而爆炸，通常会在你的皮肤上形成一种叫做利希滕贝格的形状。这是一种疤痕样式，像树一样在你的身体上分支。)”可知，闪电袭击后，皮肤上出现树枝状疤痕是很典型的情况。故选C。 10．What happened to the surgeon after the strike? A．His unexplored brain areas were activated. B．His brain was left in a fixed state of death. C．He suffered a lifetime of neurological pain. D．He recalled hidden memories about music. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第五段“One theory that Brogaard says is that cell death caused by being struck by lightning could cause a one­time flooding of the brain with neurotransmitters (神经递质) that are released from the dying neurons (神经元).This causes a rewiring of neurons，providing access to areas of the brain that were previously inaccessible.(布罗加德说，一种理论是，被闪电击中导致的细胞死亡可能会导致大脑中神经递质的一次性泛滥，这些神经递质是从垂死的神经元释放出来的。这会导致神经元的重新连接，从而进入以前无法进入的大脑区域。)”可知，这位外科医生被闪电击中后，他未探索的大脑区域被激活了。故选A。 11．What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 5? A．The cell death due to lightning strikes. B．The flooding of brain's neurotransmitters. C．The rewiring of brain neurons. D．The release of dying neurons. 解析　B　词句猜测题。根据第五段“One theory that Brogaard says is that cell death caused by being struck by lightning could cause a one­time flooding of the brain with neurotransmitters (神经递质) that are released from the dying neurons (神经元).This causes a rewiring of neurons，providing access to areas of the brain that were previously inaccessible.(布罗加德说，一种理论是，被闪电击中导致的细胞死亡可能会导致大脑中神经递质的一次性泛滥，这些神经递质是从垂死的神经元释放出来的。This会导致神经元的重新连接，从而进入以前无法进入的大脑区域。)”可知，This是指代上文提到的“a one­time flooding of the brain with neurotransmitters (神经递质)”，即大脑神经递质的泛滥。故选B。 12．What is the text mainly about? A．The process of lightning formation. B．The chances of surviving a lightning strike. C．The possibility of lightning making a genius. D．The consequences of being struck by lightning. 解析　D　主旨大意题。根据第一段“在天空的某个地方，闪电正在形成。虽然在你的一生中被击中的可能性大约是1/12000，但人类确实为闪电提供了一个有吸引力的目标。如果你发现自己处于闪电的路径上，你应该这样想。”和最后一段“尽管这很酷，但你不应该指望闪电会在一瞬间把你变成天才。它的大部分结果都是痛苦的，可能会伴随你一生。”可知，这篇文章主要介绍被闪电击中的后果。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·河北石家庄质量检测)Loud noise can be very damaging to your hearing，whether it's a loud burst or years of exposure.Approximately 15 percent of adults 18 years of age or older report some trouble hearing. 1 The good news is that taking action now may protect you from hearing loss later in life. Get a baseline hearing test.Most people have never had a hearing test. 2 At your next physical，ask for a hearing test as part of your routine checkup.A hearing test gives your audiologist a baseline that they can compare with future results to monitor the progression of hearing loss. 3 While you are watching TV or using mobile devices，keep the volume at a comfortable level.It should be loud enough to make sure you can hear very well，but not so loud that when you leave the room，you can still hear it from another part of your home. Wear protective hearing devices.Think ear protection before you're exposed to any noisy environment，such as rock concerts or airports.When you are in a noisy environment，wear protective hearing devices such as earplugs or protective earphones. 4 Have proper earphones.If you often listen to music on earphones using a portable music or video device，it's a good idea to have earphones that fit the unique shape of your ear canal，and block outside noise. 5 A．The risk rises as we age. B．Monitor the volume of your devices. C．However，it benefits you to go against that trend. D．Meanwhile，you will find the sound truly superior. E.You can find them at your local drugstore or music supply shop. F．Think about buying appliances and devices that have low noise ratings. G．You must do something to keep age­related hearing loss from getting worse. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护听力的一些措施。 1．解析　A　前文“Loud noise can be very damaging to your hearing，whether it's a loud burst or years of exposure.Approximately 15 percent of adults 18 years of age or older report some trouble hearing.”表示巨大的噪音对我们的听力造成损害，后文“The good news is that taking action now may protect you from hearing loss later in life.”进行逻辑转折，表示这是可以预防的，A选项“随着年龄的增长，这种风险也在上升”与前文描述听力损失的现象一致，进一步说明风险会随着衰老而变大。故选A。 2．解析　C　前文“Most people have never had a hearing test.”表示大多数人从来没有进行听力测试；后文“At your next physical，ask for a hearing test as part of your routine checkup.”同样表明应进行听力测试，C选项“然而，逆势而行对你有好处”表示进行听力测试对自己有好处，承上启下，与前文进行转折，引出下文。故选C。 3．解析　B　空处为本段小标题，后文“While you are watching TV or using mobile devices，keep the volume at a comfortable level.”表示应监测音量大小来保护听力，B选项“监控设备的音量”可以概括全段主题。故选B。 4．解析　E　前文“When you are in a noisy environment，wear protective hearing devices such as earplugs or protective earphones.”表示在嘈杂环境中应佩戴耳塞或者耳机来保护耳朵，E选项“你可以在当地的药店或音乐用品店找到它们”表示如何购买这些物品，them指代前一句中的“hearing devices such as earplugs or protective earphones”。故选E。 5．解析　D　前文“If you often listen to music on earphones using a portable music or video device，it's a good idea to have earphones that fit the unique shape of your ear canal，and block outside noise.”表示应选择合适的耳机，D选项“与此同时，你会发现声音真的很优越”表示选择合适耳机的另外的好处，为前一句的补充说明。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$