专题2 第5讲 形容词和副词（Word教参）-【百汇大课堂】2026年高考英语总复习上册·第1轮（浙江专用）

第五讲　形容词和副词 [对应学生用书P139] 1．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)But ________ (equal) important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis(假说)”． 2．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，________ (profession) presented manuscript(原稿). 3．(2024·全国甲卷)________ (basic)，it means eating only as much food as your body needs. 4．(2024·全国甲卷)Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite ________ (impress). 5．(2024·全国甲卷)The atmosphere there made the meal all the more ________ (enjoy). 6．(2024·北京卷)And the more tools we have，the ________ effective and insightful we can become. 7．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ________ (function) structure that is also beautiful. 8．(2022·全国乙卷改编)As the ________ (large) tea-producing country，China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 1．equally　[解析]考查副词。句意：但同样重要的是心理方面。阅读研究人员提出了一种名为“肤浅假说”的理论。副词equally修饰后面的形容词 important，equally important意为“同样重要的”。 2．professionally　[解析]考查副词。句意：如果你想出版，提交一份完美的、专业呈现的手稿至关重要。presented作定语修饰manuscript，professionally修饰过去分词presented，professionally presented意为“专业呈现”。 3．Basically　[解析]考查副词。句意：基本上，这意味着只吃你身体需要的食物。本空置于句首，用逗号和句子隔开，在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。 4．impressive　[解析]考查形容词。句意：猫的感官十分敏锐，而其嗅觉给人的印象尤为深刻。系动词is后面应用形容词作表语，空处应填impressive。 5．enjoyable　[解析]考查形容词。句意：那里的气氛使这顿饭更加愉快。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“make ＋n.＋adj.”的用法，空处作名词the meal的宾语补足语，应该用形容词形式。 6．more　[解析]考查形容词的比较等级。句意：我们拥有的工具越多，我们的效率就越高，见解就越深刻。分析句子结构可知，此处考查形容词比较级的固定用法，“the more ...，the more ...”意为“越……，就越……”。 7．functional　[解析]考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造这种既具保护功能又美观的结构。空处应用形容词作定语修饰后面的名词structure。 8．largest 　[解析]考查形容词的比较等级。句意：作为最大的茶叶生产国，中国有责任与各国共同努力，促进茶产业的健康发展。根据句意以及空处前面有定冠词the修饰可知，空处应该用形容词的最高级形式。 语法填空“六看六想到” 1．看到空格处修饰的是名词，要想到用形容词； 2．看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，要想到用副词； 3．看到与than连用，要想到用形容词或副词的比较级； 4．看到定冠词the，要想到用最高级； 5．看到and、or、but等并列连词前或后用了比较级，要想到用比较级； 6．看到语境中暗含比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。 [对应学生用书P140] 考点1　形容词和副词的词性转换 1．形容词的构词规律 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy，luck→lucky， health→healthy，sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted，talent→talented， advance→advanced，excite→excited 词尾加-ing或去e再加-ing surprise→surprising， convince→convincing， frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless， care→careful/careless，help→helpful/helpless， harm→harmful/harmless，home→homeless， colour→colourful/colourless，use→useful/useless， thank→thankful/thankless，peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable，knowledge→knowledgeable， accept→acceptable，respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous，courage→courageous， humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident，difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical，person→personal， nation→national，education→educational， tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly，week→weekly，love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden，wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic，fool→foolish， pleasure→pleasant/pleased，science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny，fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy，ice→icy，taste→tasty等) 动词词尾加-ive/-ative attract→attractive，talk→talkative， prevent→preventive，protect→protective 2.副词的构词规律 类别 例词 形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly，great→greatly， loud→loudly，sudden→suddenly， sincere→sincerely 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily，heavy→heavily，angry→angrily，lucky→luckily， noisy→noisily *shy→shyly(y的发音为/aɪ/，直接加-ly) 词尾为-ble/-le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly，possible→possibly， gentle→gently，probable→probably，comfortable→comfortably， responsible→responsibly，suitable→suitably *whole→wholly 词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly 词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully，dull→dully 词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically， scientific→scientifically， specific→specifically， automatic→automatically 3.易混的形容词和副词 late adj./adv.迟(的)；晚(的) later adv.后来；随后 adj.以后的；后来的 latest adj最近的；最新的 lately adv.最近；近来 ago adv.(从现在算起的一段时间)以前 before adv.(从过去某一时间点算起的一段时间)以前 somewhere adv.某处 everywhere adv.到处 high adj.高的 adv.在高处 highly adv.很；非常 wide adj.宽阔的 adv.充分地 widely adv.广泛地；普遍地 deep adj.深的；厚的 adv.深深地 deeply adv.深刻地；深沉地 free adj.& adv.免费 freely adv.自由地；畅通地 close adj.& adv.接近；紧挨着 closely adv.仔细地；紧密地 hard adj.& adv.努力的(地) hardly adv.几乎不 near adj.近的 adv.在附近 nearly adv.几乎，差不多 loose adj.松的 loosely adv.宽松地 rough adj.粗糙的 roughly adv.粗略地；大体地 somewhat adv.有点 somehow adv.以某种方式(或方法)；不知怎么地 [即时训练1] 单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Digital texts，audio and video all have educational (education) roles，especially when providing resources not available in print. 2．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)For well over a hundred years the most influential (influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. 3．(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Because the system is automated，it significantly (significant) reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 4．(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ， my grandmother experienced an entirely (entire) different childhood lifestyle from mine. 考点2　形容词和副词的基本用法 1．形容词和副词的句法功能 形容词在句中作定语、表语、补语和状语(说明主语的状态、性质和特征等)；副词在句中作状语，修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语和句子等。 She is the most powerful person in the organization. 她是该组织中最有影响力的人。 This is because Qixi carries itself a symbolic meaning: choose your own love and remain faithful for life. 这是因为七夕本身具有象征意义：愿得一人心，白首不相离。 We take the relationship between the human being and nature seriously. 我们认真对待人与自然的关系。 有些副词，如fortunately、luckily、surprisingly、honestly、actually、personally等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进行说明或解释，表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。 Actually，more than 100 countries in the world speak English now. 实际上，现在世界上有100多个国家说英语。 2．常用的连接性副词 (1)though一般用于句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折。 (2)yet置于句首，意为“但是，然而”，表示转折。 (3)meanwhile意为“与此同时”，表示两个动作同时发生。 (4)however意为“然而”，表示让步和转折，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。 (5)therefore/consequently/thus 意为“因此，所以”，表示结果。 (6)instead意为“相反”，表示相反的情况。 (7) moreover/furthermore/additionally/besides意为“此外”，表示递进。 (8)anyway/anyhow 意为“无论如何，即使这样”，表示让步。 (2023·全国乙卷)In the beginning，it was quite difficult to read the notes on the stave. However，it did not demoralize me. 刚开始的时候，读懂五线谱上的音符很难。不过，这并没有使我气馁。 (2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Besides，students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty communicating with. 此外，如果与他们相处不来或沟通困难的人分在一起，学生可能会感到不舒服或动力不足。 [即时训练2] 单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Additionally (addition)，it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital，restaurant or school. 2．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)We were particularly (particular) interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差) data. 3．(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Emmanuel Chappard，an experienced (experience) guide，has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. 4．(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Each town has its own traditional (tradition) dish，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. 5．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Audio(音频) and video can feel more engaging than text，and so university teachers increasingly (increase) turn to these technologies. 考点3　比较级和最高级的用法 高考对形容词和副词的比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面：一是通过标志词than 或表示比较意义的语境推出用比较级或最高级；二是考查一些固定结构中比较级和最高级的用法。 1．比较等级的固定句型 (1)同级比较：as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as；其否定形式是“not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。 Although he was disabled，he tried to lead as normal a life as possible. 尽管他是残疾人，但他尽可能去过正常的生活。 (2)比较级结构：形容词/副词的比较级＋than；more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than。常见的修饰比较级的词汇有any、much、even、far、by far、a lot、a great deal等。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read. 这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。 (3)最高级结构：the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)；one of the＋形容词的最高级＋可数名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词汇有by far、almost以及序数词等。 New York is one of the biggest cities in America. 纽约是美国最大的城市之一。 a．规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加-er和-est great greater greatest 单音节词以-e结尾，只加-r和-st brave braver bravest wide wider widest 若闭音节单音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest 以辅音字母加-y结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-er和-est happy happier happiest 在多音节词和少数双音节词前面加more和most difficult more difficult most difficult expensive more expensive most expensive 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，加-er和-est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest b.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good，well better best bad，ill worse worst many，much(许多的) more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 2.含有比较级的常用句型 (1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more＋原级”表示“越来越……”。 It's becoming more and more difficult to find a rewarding job. 找到一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。 (2)“the＋形容词/副词比较级……，the＋形容词/副词比较级……”表示“越……，就越……”。 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 (3)“the＋比较级＋of the two (＋名词)”表示“两者中较……的”。 The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中较高的那个是我哥哥。 3．比较级表达最高级的含义 (1)“否定词＋比较级”或“否定词＋such/so ...as”结构表示最高级的含义。 I have never spent a more worrying day since I graduated. 这是我自毕业以来度过的最令人担心的一天。 (2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级的含义： ①比较级＋than＋any other＋可数名词单数 ②比较级＋than＋all the other＋可数名词复数 ③比较级＋than＋any of the other＋可数名词复数 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/ than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。 4．倍数表达法 倍数表达法的几种常见结构： (1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B (2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B (3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size、length、height等)＋of＋B (4)The＋名词(size、length、height等)＋of＋A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B (5)A is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句 Smoking is harmful to people's health，killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents. 吸烟有害健康，每年因吸烟而造成的死亡人数是交通事故的七倍。 [即时训练3] 单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful (successful) when it's on paper than onscreen. 2．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage，there's nothing better (good). 3．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Studies have found that children who spend more time outside tend to be healthier (healthy)，better adjusted and better at dealing with stress. 4．(2024·全国甲卷)Try to eat dinner earlier (early) and fast for 1416 hours until breakfast the next morning. 5．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)The articles along with his novels and essay collections have earned Johnson the reputation as one of the funniest (fun) humans on the planet. [对应学生用书P144] (侧重考查形容词和副词) Money and love don't usually mix 1.well (good)，but for one man from Connecticut，America，money became the 2.greatest (great) keepsake(纪念品) of his late wife. Peter and Grace Bilello each signed a one-dollar bill to give each other as a sign of their love in 2009 after Grace went through her first battle with cancer. Peter told the reporter from a local TV station that he kept both bills in his wallet until he 3.accidentally (accidental) spent them the 4.following (follow) year and he was 5.extremely (extreme) upset.Last year，a few months after celebrating their 60th anniversary，Grace passed 6.away from breast cancer. Peter was at a subway restaurant with his granddaughter Ashley this year when something 7.amazing (amaze) happened.8.After he paid for his bill，he got some change back.And he noticed something 9.special (specially) on one of the bills，which was his wife's signature. “When I saw the first one was my wife's dollar，I said，‘Oh，Ashley，look.’We started to cry.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$