2026年高考英语第一次模拟考试（广东卷）-2026年高考英语模拟考试

2026年高考第一次模拟考试（广东卷） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Traveling by train can be a romantic way to see the world. Here are some fantastic train trips to add to your travel bucket list (愿望清单). Eurostar Where it goes: London to/from Paris How long it takes: Two hours and 15 minutes Eurostar is a popular way for folks to get from London to Paris (or vice versa), thanks to its quick travel time, but it has another draw that makes it a great bucket-list train trip. For 20 minutes, you’ll actually be riding 150 feet underwater through the famed English Channel. Glacier Express Where it goes: St. Moritz to Zermatt in the Swiss Alps How long it takes: Seven and a half hours This train ride is a favorite among many, as it’s arguably the best way to experience the Swiss Alps. It gives new meaning to the term “slow travel”, taking over seven hours to pass just 180 miles. Be prepared to ride on 291 bridges and through 91 tunnels. Qingzang Railway Where it goes: Xining to Lhasa How long it takes: 20 hours and 55 minutes Why not start with the world’s highest train ride? The Qingzang Railway climbs to amazing heights of over 5,072meters as it snakes through the Himalayas. The 1,956-kilometer journey passes through different biomes (生物群落区). The views of grasslands, mountain s and deserts along the way are always breathtaking. Trans-Siberian Railway Where it goes: Moscow to Vladivostok How long it takes: Seven days It’s the world’s longest continuous railway, clocking in at 5,772 miles from Moscow to Vladivostok. Along the way, you’ll pass through eight time zones and have plenty of time to see the beautiful Russia n countryside. 1．What is special about Eurostar? A．It stops at different biomes. B．It passes through eight time zones. C．It features an underwater journey. D．It provides slow travel experience. 2．What can passengers do when they ride the Glacier Express? A．They can experience great speed. B．They can appreciate the beautiful Alps C．They can pass through extensive deserts. D．They can start with the world’s highest train ride 3．Which railway is the world’s longest continuous one? A．Trans-Siberian Railway. B．Glacier Express. C．Qingzang Railway. D．Eurostar. B When Ma Jiancheng took up his post as a forest ranger (护林员) at Sidalong nature conservation station in 1999, he knew the Qilian Mountains would be his lifelong home. Fresh from military service, he followed in his father’s footsteps — a decision rooted in two deep influences: his love for the mountains and his father’s 30-year dedication to protecting them.​ “My father rarely came home, even for Spring Festival, because of fire prevention duties,” Ma recalled. This sacrifice planted a seed in him: to safeguard the land his father venerated.​ Life at 2,600 meters above sea level proved harsher than expected. “No electricity, just kerosene (煤油) lamps. Water came from a river 800 meters away, and supplies arrived by truck only three times a month,” he said. Once, he learned of his eldest daughter’s birth three days late — no phones connected the station to the outside.​ Covering 20,000 hectares, Ma’s team patrols 20 days monthly, engaging in fire prevention, wildlife monitoring, and educating herders on regulations. Over 26 years, his patrols totaled 100,000 km—2.5 times around Earth—filling 70 notebooks. “Shoes wear out fastest,” he joked, noting 80-km daily treks.​ Dangers are constant: wolves, landslides, -30°C winters, and summer mudslides. Once, a mudslide destroyed their station; they sheltered in a sheep pen. Yet technology now eases burdens — drones and cameras monitor remote areas.​ Tragedy struck in 2008 when his wife died of lung cancer. He’d rushed down the mountain too late, after a herder relayed news of her emergency. “She asked me to care for our daughter,” he said, voice trembling.​ Today, his daughter studies landscape architecture, inspired by his work. “City life feels strange now,” Ma said. “The mountains calm me —this is where I belong.”​ 4．What does the word “venerated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?​ A．Honored​ B．Neglected​ C．Exploited​ D．Concealed​ 5．Which of the following is NOT a duty of Ma’s team?​ A．Keeping records of patrols​ B．Preventing grassland fires​ C．Training herders to use drones​ D．Monitoring wetland resources​ 6．We can infer from the passage that ________.​ A．Ma’s work has eliminated wildlife dangers​ B．the daughter’s career choice reflects family influence​ C．modern technology has replaced traditional patrols​ D．Ma’s wife supported his career unconditionally​ 7．The best title for the passage would be ________. A．A Legacy of Mountain Protection​ B．The Hardships of a Forest Ranger​ C．Technological Advances in Conservation​ D．From Military Service to Mountain Life C Plastic pollution is hurting the planet. Even when plastics break down, tiny bits of them still end up polluting the air, the oceans, our food — and even our blood. But a new material might help limit that. “We’re basically running a giant experiment right now, in terms of what microplastics are doing to us,” says Michael Burkart, a chemical biologist at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Most plastics have been made from crude oil, a fossil fuel. Four years ago, Burkart’s team at UCSD developed a new type. They made it from building blocks that can be produced by algae (藻类). Now, they’ve shown that this plastic breaks down quickly when a particular species of bacteria dine on it. The new plastic is a type of polyurethane (聚氨酯). It contains many chemical building blocks. Those building blocks are made from ingredients produced by plants and algae. Many types of microbes (微生物) break down plants and algae and eat those building blocks. The researchers suspected those microbes might do the same thing to the building blocks of the new plastic. To test that, Burkart’s team broke their new plastic into tiny particles. They did the same with a different type of plastic made from fossil fuels. It’s known as ethyl vinyl acetate, or EVA．Then researchers mixed these microplastics with fresh compost (堆肥) — a moist mix of decomposed (被分解的) plants, food waste and microbes. After 90 days, 68 percent of the new plastic had broken down. That number climbed to 97 percent after about seven months. In contrast, the researchers saw no EVA breakdown throughout that time. The scientists also coated a piece of cloth in the new plastic. After being mixed with the compost for two weeks, that cloth easily broke apart. Another piece of the coated cloth was not composted. It was still undamaged after two weeks. “I’m so excited for this in the textiles (纺织品) industry,” says Lisa Erdle, an ecotoxicologist (生态毒理学家) at 5 Gyres. “Polyurethane is sometimes used to coat natural fibers, like wool and cotton, for clothing. Over time, that plastic coating falls off, turning into smaller and smaller pieces and never going away. Having something that can easily be broken down by bacteria is better than having persistent plastics in the environment.” 8．What can we learn about the building blocks in the new plastic? A．They are soft and flexible. B．They are made from fossil fuels. C．They can be obtained from algae. D．They can be digested by animals. 9．What is the function of the last paragraph but one? A．To further support the experiment’s result. B．To explain the experiment’s result in detail. C．To show the wide application of the plastic. D．To stress the necessity of using the new plastic in clothing. 10．What is Lisa Erdle’s attitude to the new plastic? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Indifferent. D．Concerned. 11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To call on people to reduce plastic use. B．To raise people’s awareness of plastic pollution. C．To introduce a new kind of environmentally-friendly plastic. D．To show the damaging impact of the plastic on the environment. D There is plenty we don’t know about criminal behavior. Most crime goes unreported so it I hard to pick out trends from the data, and even reliable sets of statistics can be difficult to compare. But here is one thing we do know: those with a biological predisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals. Antisocial and criminal behavior tends to run in families, but no one was sure whether this was due mostly to social-environmental factors or biological ones. It turns out both are important, but the effect is most dramatic when they act together. This has been illustrated in several studies over the past six years which found that male victims of child abuse are several times as likely to become criminals and abusers themselves if they were born with a less-active version of a gene for the enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) , which breaks down neurotransmitters crucial to the regulation of aggression. Researchers recently made another key observation: kids with this “double whammy” of predisposition and an unfortunate upbringing are likely to show signs of what’s to come at a very early age. The risk factors for long-term criminality-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, low IQ, language difficulties-can be spotted in kindergarten. So given what we now know, shouldn't we be doing everything to protect the children most at risk? No one is suggesting testing all boys to see which variant of the MAO-A gene they have, but what the science is telling us is that we should redouble efforts to tackle abusive upbringing, and even simple neglect. This will help any child, but especially those whose biology makes them vulnerable. Thankfully there is already considerable enthusiasm in both the US and the UK for converting the latest in behavioral science into parenting and social skills: both governments have schemes in place to improve parenting in families where children are at risk of receiving poor care. Some people are uncomfortable with the idea of early intervention because it implies our behavior becomes “set” as we grow up, compromising the idea of free will. That view is understandable, but it would be negligent to ignore what the studies are telling us. Indeed, the cost to society of failing to intervene-in terms of criminal damage, dealing with offenders and helping victims of crime-is bound to be greater than the cost of improving parenting. The value to the children is immeasurable. 12．It seems that researchers try to explain violent behavior ______. A．in terms of physical environment B．from a biological perspective C．based on the empirical data D．in a strictly statistical way 13．When we say that antisocial and criminal behavior tends to run in families, we mean that ______. A．a particular gene may be passed on in families B．child abuse will lead to domestic violence C．the male victims of child abuse will pass on the tendency D．the violent predisposition is closely related to child abuse 14．Based on the recent observation, what should be done to check the development of antisocial and criminal behavior? A．Boys should be screened for the biological predisposition. B．High-risk kids should be brought up in kindergarten. C．Genes for the risk factors should be accurately determined. D．Active measures ought to be taken at an early age. 15．What does the author emphasize in defending early intervention? A．The immeasurable value of furthering the current research. B．The consequences of compromising democracy. C．The relatively easy solution to improving parenting skills. D．The greater cost of failing to tackle the known issue. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Community gardens have emerged as a valuable solution for urban areas where access to fresh fruits and vegetables is limited. They provide residents with a shared space to grow their own produce, promoting health and community spirit. 16 Starting a community garden may seem demanding, but following these steps can make the process manageable and rewarding. 17 Look for accessible spaces near water sources with decent soil or space for containers. Empty lots are often ideal, as long as you secure permission from the owner. Check local laws to ensure approval and plan for costs like renting. Having a well-located plot sets the foundation for a successful community garden. Building a community garden requires teamwork, so involving the neighborhood is crucial. Reach out to potential participants, organize discussion sessions, and raise funds through crowdsourcing. 18 Establishing a sense of ownership among members creates enthusiasm and ensures long-term commitment. Plan the garden layout based on the number and size of plots. Choose crops that suit the local climate, and meet community needs, ensuring year-round productivity. 19 Divide the space into plots, set up composting (堆肥) areas, and enhance the site with benches (长椅) or storage to make it user-friendly and visually appealing. Sustaining a community garden requires effort and teamwork. Set clear rules for care tasks and promote involvement through events like community meals. Share extra harvests with those in need to extend the garden’s impact. Additionally, you can create a farm-to-table experience by using produce grown in the garden to make shared meals. Regular care keeps the garden productive and attractive. 20 A．First of all, determine your budget. B．The first step is identifying a suitable plot of land. C．Once the planning is complete, start building the garden. D．As a result, the garden brings lasting benefits to the community. E．These gardens not only supply fresh food but also strengthen social bonds. F．However, most communities focus on community gardens that grow food. G．Moreover, define clear roles and responsibilities, such as watering, weeding, and harvesting. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During my second year in high school, I got sick and missed a few days. When I 21 , I was greeted with two essays due, three days of math and history homework, plus several tests. 22 went home from school that day tired, I had to stay up really late to finish them all. The next day at school, I got a rude awakening: I’d totally forgotten to prepare for the 23 or Romeo and Juliet, which I’d take 24 my lunch hour! Worse still, I had 25 the in-class discussion and all the notes. When lunch came, I went to the English room to face my certain doom (厄运). All I could do was try to 26 on the questions I didn’t know. As it turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions. I was just about to give 27 when my pencil accidentally fell and broke. Standing by the blackboard sharpening my pencil, I 28 down and there was the answer for the test! “What good fortune! I can kiss good-bye to all my 29 of failing the test!” My heart started beating, and my brain 30 , “Yes! Read over the answers — quickly!” This was quickly followed by another voice, “No! You’ll get caught!” My mind turning back and forth, “Yes! No! Yes! No!...” This went on for ten of the 31 seconds in my entire life. Finally, I decided to finish the test on my own, without 32 ! I was satisfied with my decision but pretty 33 I had failed the test. The next day when I walked into the English room, my great joy of having been an 34 soul changed into a wave of doom as I saw my test paper lying face down on my desk. I knew what awaited me. I stared at it a few seconds before I got up the 35 to turn it over. You can only imagine my shock when I learned that I had passed the test! My mom says the victories that take the most courage are won within. Now I know exactly what she means. 21．A．arrived B．appeared C．finished D．returned 22．A．If B．Until C．Although D．Because 23．A．lecture B．test C．play D．essay 24．A．over B．upon C．by D．toward 25．A．lost B．carried C．missed D．dropped 26．A．depend B．agree C．guess D．improve 27．A．off B．up C．out D．away 28．A．wrote B．settled C．calmed D．looked 29．A．worries B．boredom C．loneliness D．tiredness 30．A．persuaded B．whispered C．warned D．chanted 31．A．coldest B．saddest C．longest D．fastest 32．A．suffering B．cheating C．checking D．thinking 33．A．certain B．regretful C．annoyed D．relieved 34．A．open B．optimistic C．honest D．energetic 35．A．wisdom B．courage C．encouragement D．intention 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 “Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet,” a 58-minute documentary (纪录片) released in international media outlets, has attracted worldwide attention. Praised as “Chinas greatest poet,” Du Fu 36 (introduce) to the Western world in documentary form for the first time in 2020. The documentary uses “the greatest” to describe Du Fu, not only in China, but also in the scope of world literature, 37 (put) him alongside Dante and Shakespeare, and pointing out that there 38 (be) no such figure in the West as Du Fu. It also explores Du Fu 39 visiting modern China, tracing his life and retracing his steps through places like Xi’an, Chengdu, and Changsha. The documentary also gives 40 (high) favorable recognition to the long tradition of Chinese poetry, which is earlier than Homer’s Iliad and the Odyssey, and shows that the era when Emperor Xuanzong ruled China in the Tang Dynasty (618—907) was the 41 (bright) era of culture and the most splendid era. of-poetry. At that time, there was no civilization in the world that possessed such 42 （elegant）and culture as the Chinese civilization. From 43 Englishman’s point of view, historian Michael Wood tries to find traces of Du Fu in a rapidly changing China, where poets have always been seen as the trusted recorders of the people’s hearts 44 the nation’s history. “And for the Chinese, Du Fu is more than a poet,” said Wood. “For 45 (generation), he has been the protector of the moral conscience (道德良知) of the nation.” 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华。上周你校举办了一场以“环境科学”为主题的科学博览会。你的外国笔友Andy对此很感兴趣，写信向你了解情况。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．活动目的和内容；2．你的感受。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Andy, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “What is that black smoke?” Nita asked her mother who was folding the clothes in the bedroom. “It smells terrible!” “Something is burning in the backyard,” her mother replied. “Go and see what is on fire!” Nita rushed to the backyard and saw her father put a bunch of plastic bags on the fire and kept stirring them with a stick. “Why are you burning those plastic bags, Dad?” Nita asked. “I have just learned that these bags will last an incredibly long time if they are buried. Plastic doesn’t break down in the earth. Burning is the only way to remove them quickly, Nita,” her father replied. Nita felt a wave of sadness for the earth but couldn’t help voicing her doubt. “Burning isn’t good for the earth， either,” she complained. “And the smoke is killing us now!” Her father let out a heavy sigh. He understood his daughter’s concern. But he could not find another way to get rid of those used plastic bags that kept piling up in the kitchen. Throwing away the stick, he sat down on the ground with Nita and said, “Perhaps we have to find a better solution.” Nita was used to seeing her parents take home various things in plastic bags and she also did the same. It was the first time for her to notice the plastic problem at home. That afternoon, as Nita’s mother returned from the market with a lot of plastic bags, Nita felt a growing sense of unease. “The cycle of buying and burning seems endless!” Nita thought. “I have to do something to break the cycle!” Later that day, Nita found herself watching her mother cut used shirts to make a mop (拖把). Suddenly, an idea occurred to her. “Maybe I can create something useful with the leftover cloth!” she thought excitedly. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nita started to learn how to make a reusable bag with used clothes. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Nita accompanied her mother to the market. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2026年高考第一次模拟考试（广东卷） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Traveling by train can be a romantic way to see the world. Here are some fantastic train trips to add to your travel bucket list (愿望清单). Eurostar Where it goes: London to/from Paris How long it takes: Two hours and 15 minutes Eurostar is a popular way for folks to get from London to Paris (or vice versa), thanks to its quick travel time, but it has another draw that makes it a great bucket-list train trip. For 20 minutes, you’ll actually be riding 150 feet underwater through the famed English Channel. Glacier Express Where it goes: St. Moritz to Zermatt in the Swiss Alps How long it takes: Seven and a half hours This train ride is a favorite among many, as it’s arguably the best way to experience the Swiss Alps. It gives new meaning to the term “slow travel”, taking over seven hours to pass just 180 miles. Be prepared to ride on 291 bridges and through 91 tunnels. Qingzang Railway Where it goes: Xining to Lhasa How long it takes: 20 hours and 55 minutes Why not start with the world’s highest train ride? The Qingzang Railway climbs to amazing heights of over 5,072meters as it snakes through the Himalayas. The 1,956-kilometer journey passes through different biomes (生物群落区). The views of grasslands, mountain s and deserts along the way are always breathtaking. Trans-Siberian Railway Where it goes: Moscow to Vladivostok How long it takes: Seven days It’s the world’s longest continuous railway, clocking in at 5,772 miles from Moscow to Vladivostok. Along the way, you’ll pass through eight time zones and have plenty of time to see the beautiful Russia n countryside. 1．What is special about Eurostar? A．It stops at different biomes. B．It passes through eight time zones. C．It features an underwater journey. D．It provides slow travel experience. 2．What can passengers do when they ride the Glacier Express? A．They can experience great speed. B．They can appreciate the beautiful Alps C．They can pass through extensive deserts. D．They can start with the world’s highest train ride 3．Which railway is the world’s longest continuous one? A．Trans-Siberian Railway. B．Glacier Express. C．Qingzang Railway. D．Eurostar. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是应用文。介绍四条独特的火车旅行线路，向读者推荐了一些值得添加到旅行愿望清单上的火车旅行体验。 1．细节理解题。根据Eurostar下的“Eurostar is a popular way for folks to get from London to Paris (or vice versa), thanks to its quick travel time, but it has another draw that makes it a great bucket-list train trip. For 20 minutes, you’ll actually be riding 150 feet underwater through the famed English Channel.(欧洲之星是人们从伦敦到巴黎(巴黎到伦敦)的一种流行方式，这要归功于它的快速旅行时间，但它还有另一个吸引人的地方，使它成为一个伟大的火车之旅。在20分钟的时间里，你将在150英尺的水下穿越著名的英吉利海峡)”可知，Eurostar的特别之处是一段水下之旅。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Glacier Express下的“This train ride is a favorite among many, as it’s arguably the best way to experience the Swiss Alps. It gives new meaning to the term “slow travel”, taking over seven hours to pass just 180 miles. Be prepared to ride on 291 bridges and through 91 tunnels.(这趟火车之旅是许多人的最爱，因为它可以说是体验瑞士阿尔卑斯山的最佳方式。它给“慢旅行”一词赋予了新的含义，花了7个多小时才通过180英里。准备好穿越291座桥梁和91条隧道吧)”可知，Glacier Express是一个欣赏瑞士阿尔卑斯山的最佳方式，因此乘客可以在车上欣赏美丽的阿尔卑斯山。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据Trans-Siberian Railway下的“It’s the world’s longest continuous railway, clocking in at 5,772 miles from Moscow to Vladivostok.(这是世界上最长的连续铁路，从莫斯科到符拉迪沃斯托克全长5772英里)”可知，Trans-Siberian Railway是世界上最长的连续铁路。故选A项。 B When Ma Jiancheng took up his post as a forest ranger (护林员) at Sidalong nature conservation station in 1999, he knew the Qilian Mountains would be his lifelong home. Fresh from military service, he followed in his father’s footsteps — a decision rooted in two deep influences: his love for the mountains and his father’s 30-year dedication to protecting them.​ “My father rarely came home, even for Spring Festival, because of fire prevention duties,” Ma recalled. This sacrifice planted a seed in him: to safeguard the land his father venerated.​ Life at 2,600 meters above sea level proved harsher than expected. “No electricity, just kerosene (煤油) lamps. Water came from a river 800 meters away, and supplies arrived by truck only three times a month,” he said. Once, he learned of his eldest daughter’s birth three days late — no phones connected the station to the outside.​ Covering 20,000 hectares, Ma’s team patrols 20 days monthly, engaging in fire prevention, wildlife monitoring, and educating herders on regulations. Over 26 years, his patrols totaled 100,000 km—2.5 times around Earth—filling 70 notebooks. “Shoes wear out fastest,” he joked, noting 80-km daily treks.​ Dangers are constant: wolves, landslides, -30°C winters, and summer mudslides. Once, a mudslide destroyed their station; they sheltered in a sheep pen. Yet technology now eases burdens — drones and cameras monitor remote areas.​ Tragedy struck in 2008 when his wife died of lung cancer. He’d rushed down the mountain too late, after a herder relayed news of her emergency. “She asked me to care for our daughter,” he said, voice trembling.​ Today, his daughter studies landscape architecture, inspired by his work. “City life feels strange now,” Ma said. “The mountains calm me —this is where I belong.”​ 4．What does the word “venerated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?​ A．Honored​ B．Neglected​ C．Exploited​ D．Concealed​ 5．Which of the following is NOT a duty of Ma’s team?​ A．Keeping records of patrols​ B．Preventing grassland fires​ C．Training herders to use drones​ D．Monitoring wetland resources​ 6．We can infer from the passage that ________.​ A．Ma’s work has eliminated wildlife dangers​ B．the daughter’s career choice reflects family influence​ C．modern technology has replaced traditional patrols​ D．Ma’s wife supported his career unconditionally​ 7．The best title for the passage would be ________. A．A Legacy of Mountain Protection​ B．The Hardships of a Forest Ranger​ C．Technological Advances in Conservation​ D．From Military Service to Mountain Life 【答案】4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了马建成1999年起继承父业，在祁连山当护林员，26年巡护10万公里，历经艰辛与变故，其女受其影响学景观建筑的故事。 4．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“My father rarely came home, even for Spring Festival, because of fire prevention duties(我父亲因为防火职责很少回家，甚至春节也不回)”可知，父亲对这片土地付出了很多心血去保护，马建成决心守护父亲敬重的这片土地。所以这里“venerated”应该是“尊敬，敬重”的意思，与A选项“honored(尊敬)”意思相近。故选A项。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Covering 20,000 hectares, Ma’s team patrols 20 days monthly, engaging in fire prevention, wildlife monitoring, and educating herders on regulations. Over 26 years, his patrols totaled 100,000 km — 2.5 times around Earth—filling 70 notebooks.( 马的团队负责土地面积2万公顷，每月巡逻20天，从事防火、野生动物监测和对牧民进行法规教育。在26年的时间里，他总共巡逻10万公里，绕地球2.5圈，填满了70本笔记本)”可知，他们的职责有防火（Preventing grassland fires ）、记录巡逻情况（Keeping records of patrols ）、监测野生动物（这里可理解为广义的对自然资源的监测，包含湿地资源等，Monitoring wetland resources 也可算在内），文中未提及训练牧民使用无人机。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Today, his daughter studies landscape architecture, inspired by his work.( 如今，他的女儿受到他工作的启发，学习景观建筑学)”可知，女儿的职业选择受到了父亲工作的影响，由此可推知，女儿的职业选择反映了家庭的影响。故选B项。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了马建成继承父亲的事业，成为一名护林员，守护祁连山的故事，这是一种对山林保护事业的传承，A选项“A Legacy of Mountain Protection”（山林保护的传承）能很好地概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。 C Plastic pollution is hurting the planet. Even when plastics break down, tiny bits of them still end up polluting the air, the oceans, our food — and even our blood. But a new material might help limit that. “We’re basically running a giant experiment right now, in terms of what microplastics are doing to us,” says Michael Burkart, a chemical biologist at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Most plastics have been made from crude oil, a fossil fuel. Four years ago, Burkart’s team at UCSD developed a new type. They made it from building blocks that can be produced by algae (藻类). Now, they’ve shown that this plastic breaks down quickly when a particular species of bacteria dine on it. The new plastic is a type of polyurethane (聚氨酯). It contains many chemical building blocks. Those building blocks are made from ingredients produced by plants and algae. Many types of microbes (微生物) break down plants and algae and eat those building blocks. The researchers suspected those microbes might do the same thing to the building blocks of the new plastic. To test that, Burkart’s team broke their new plastic into tiny particles. They did the same with a different type of plastic made from fossil fuels. It’s known as ethyl vinyl acetate, or EVA．Then researchers mixed these microplastics with fresh compost (堆肥) — a moist mix of decomposed (被分解的) plants, food waste and microbes. After 90 days, 68 percent of the new plastic had broken down. That number climbed to 97 percent after about seven months. In contrast, the researchers saw no EVA breakdown throughout that time. The scientists also coated a piece of cloth in the new plastic. After being mixed with the compost for two weeks, that cloth easily broke apart. Another piece of the coated cloth was not composted. It was still undamaged after two weeks. “I’m so excited for this in the textiles (纺织品) industry,” says Lisa Erdle, an ecotoxicologist (生态毒理学家) at 5 Gyres. “Polyurethane is sometimes used to coat natural fibers, like wool and cotton, for clothing. Over time, that plastic coating falls off, turning into smaller and smaller pieces and never going away. Having something that can easily be broken down by bacteria is better than having persistent plastics in the environment.” 8．What can we learn about the building blocks in the new plastic? A．They are soft and flexible. B．They are made from fossil fuels. C．They can be obtained from algae. D．They can be digested by animals. 9．What is the function of the last paragraph but one? A．To further support the experiment’s result. B．To explain the experiment’s result in detail. C．To show the wide application of the plastic. D．To stress the necessity of using the new plastic in clothing. 10．What is Lisa Erdle’s attitude to the new plastic? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Indifferent. D．Concerned. 11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To call on people to reduce plastic use. B．To raise people’s awareness of plastic pollution. C．To introduce a new kind of environmentally-friendly plastic. D．To show the damaging impact of the plastic on the environment. 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一种由藻类等制成、可被细菌快速分解的新型环保塑料及其相关研究。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Four years ago, Burkart’s team at UCSD developed a new type. They made it from building blocks that can be produced by algae.(四年前，加州大学圣地亚哥分校的Burkart团队开发了一种新型（塑料）。他们用藻类可以产生的构建模块来制作它。)”可知，这种新塑料的构建模块可以从藻类中获取。故选C项。 9．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The scientists also coated a piece of cloth in the new plastic. After being mixed with the compost for two weeks, that cloth easily broke apart. Another piece of the coated cloth was not composted. It was still undamaged after two weeks.(科学家们还在一块布上涂上了这种新塑料。与堆肥混合两周后，这块布很容易就碎了。另一块涂过这种塑料的布没有进行堆肥处理。两周后它仍然完好无损。)”可知，该段通过新塑料在布料上的应用实验，进一步证明了新塑料在有微生物的环境中能被分解，是对前文实验结果的进一步支持。故选A项。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’m so excited for this in the textiles industry.(我对这种材料在纺织业的应用感到非常兴奋。)”以及“Having something that can easily be broken down by bacteria is better than having persistent plastics in the environment.(有一种能被细菌轻易分解的东西，比环境中存在持久性塑料要好。)”可知，Lisa Erdle对这种新塑料持支持态度。故选B项。 11．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“But a new material might help limit that.(但一种新材料可能有助于限制这种情况。)”以及第二段中对新型塑料的研发、成分和可被细菌分解的特性介绍可知，作者写作本文的目的是介绍一种新型环保塑料。故选C项。 D There is plenty we don’t know about criminal behavior. Most crime goes unreported so it I hard to pick out trends from the data, and even reliable sets of statistics can be difficult to compare. But here is one thing we do know: those with a biological predisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals. Antisocial and criminal behavior tends to run in families, but no one was sure whether this was due mostly to social-environmental factors or biological ones. It turns out both are important, but the effect is most dramatic when they act together. This has been illustrated in several studies over the past six years which found that male victims of child abuse are several times as likely to become criminals and abusers themselves if they were born with a less-active version of a gene for the enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) , which breaks down neurotransmitters crucial to the regulation of aggression. Researchers recently made another key observation: kids with this “double whammy” of predisposition and an unfortunate upbringing are likely to show signs of what’s to come at a very early age. The risk factors for long-term criminality-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, low IQ, language difficulties-can be spotted in kindergarten. So given what we now know, shouldn't we be doing everything to protect the children most at risk? No one is suggesting testing all boys to see which variant of the MAO-A gene they have, but what the science is telling us is that we should redouble efforts to tackle abusive upbringing, and even simple neglect. This will help any child, but especially those whose biology makes them vulnerable. Thankfully there is already considerable enthusiasm in both the US and the UK for converting the latest in behavioral science into parenting and social skills: both governments have schemes in place to improve parenting in families where children are at risk of receiving poor care. Some people are uncomfortable with the idea of early intervention because it implies our behavior becomes “set” as we grow up, compromising the idea of free will. That view is understandable, but it would be negligent to ignore what the studies are telling us. Indeed, the cost to society of failing to intervene-in terms of criminal damage, dealing with offenders and helping victims of crime-is bound to be greater than the cost of improving parenting. The value to the children is immeasurable. 12．It seems that researchers try to explain violent behavior ______. A．in terms of physical environment B．from a biological perspective C．based on the empirical data D．in a strictly statistical way 13．When we say that antisocial and criminal behavior tends to run in families, we mean that ______. A．a particular gene may be passed on in families B．child abuse will lead to domestic violence C．the male victims of child abuse will pass on the tendency D．the violent predisposition is closely related to child abuse 14．Based on the recent observation, what should be done to check the development of antisocial and criminal behavior? A．Boys should be screened for the biological predisposition. B．High-risk kids should be brought up in kindergarten. C．Genes for the risk factors should be accurately determined. D．Active measures ought to be taken at an early age. 15．What does the author emphasize in defending early intervention? A．The immeasurable value of furthering the current research. B．The consequences of compromising democracy. C．The relatively easy solution to improving parenting skills. D．The greater cost of failing to tackle the known issue. 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明生物遗传（如 MAO-A 基因）与虐待环境共同作用易致犯罪，故需早期干预保护高风险儿童。 12．细节理解题。 根据第二段“It turns out both are important, but the effect is most dramatic when they act together. This has been illustrated in several studies over the past six years which found that male victims of child abuse are several times as likely to become criminals and abusers themselves if they were born with a less-active version of a gene for the enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) , which breaks down neurotransmitters crucial to the regulation of aggression. (事实证明，两者都很重要，但当它们共同作用时，效果最为显著。过去六年的几项研究表明了这一点，这些研究发现，如果虐待儿童的男性受害者出生时携带的单胺氧化酶a（MAO-a）基因活性较低，他们自己成为罪犯和虐待者的可能性是其他人的几倍，MAO-a可以分解对调节攻击性至关重要的神经递质。)”可知，研究者通过基因（MAO-A）与环境的共同作用解释暴力行为，核心角度是生物学因素。故选B项。 13．推理判断题。 根据第二段第一句“Antisocial and criminal behavior tends to run in families, but no one was sure whether this was due mostly to social-environmental factors or biological ones. (反社会和犯罪行为往往在家族中流传，但没人确定这主要是由于社会环境因素还是生物因素。)”以及后文对MAO-A基因遗传性的描述可知，“run in families”在此指特定基因（如 MAO-A）可能通过家族遗传，导致行为倾向的传递。故选A项。 14．推理判断题。 根据第三段“Researchers recently made another key observation: kids with this ‘double whammy’ of predisposition and an unfortunate upbringing are likely to show signs of what’s to come at a very early age. The risk factors for long-term criminality-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, low IQ, language difficulties-can be spotted in kindergarten. So given what we now know, shouldn't we be doing everything to protect the children most at risk? (研究人员最近进行了另一项关键观察：具有这种‘双重打击’倾向和不幸成长经历的孩子很可能在很小的时候就表现出即将发生的事情的迹象。长期犯罪、注意力缺陷多动障碍、低智商、语言困难的危险因素可以在幼儿园发现。因此，鉴于我们现在所知道的情况，我们难道不应该尽一切努力保护处境最危险的儿童吗？)”可知，早期干预是关键措施。故选D项。 15．推理判断题。 根据最后一段“Indeed, the cost to society of failing to intervene-in terms of criminal damage, dealing with offenders and helping victims of crime-is bound to be greater than the cost of improving parenting. (事实上，在刑事损害、与罪犯打交道和帮助犯罪受害者方面不进行干预对社会造成的成本必然大于改善育儿的成本。)”可知，作者强调不采取早期干预的社会成本更高，以此支持干预的必要性。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Community gardens have emerged as a valuable solution for urban areas where access to fresh fruits and vegetables is limited. They provide residents with a shared space to grow their own produce, promoting health and community spirit. 16 Starting a community garden may seem demanding, but following these steps can make the process manageable and rewarding. 17 Look for accessible spaces near water sources with decent soil or space for containers. Empty lots are often ideal, as long as you secure permission from the owner. Check local laws to ensure approval and plan for costs like renting. Having a well-located plot sets the foundation for a successful community garden. Building a community garden requires teamwork, so involving the neighborhood is crucial. Reach out to potential participants, organize discussion sessions, and raise funds through crowdsourcing. 18 Establishing a sense of ownership among members creates enthusiasm and ensures long-term commitment. Plan the garden layout based on the number and size of plots. Choose crops that suit the local climate, and meet community needs, ensuring year-round productivity. 19 Divide the space into plots, set up composting (堆肥) areas, and enhance the site with benches (长椅) or storage to make it user-friendly and visually appealing. Sustaining a community garden requires effort and teamwork. Set clear rules for care tasks and promote involvement through events like community meals. Share extra harvests with those in need to extend the garden’s impact. Additionally, you can create a farm-to-table experience by using produce grown in the garden to make shared meals. Regular care keeps the garden productive and attractive. 20 A．First of all, determine your budget. B．The first step is identifying a suitable plot of land. C．Once the planning is complete, start building the garden. D．As a result, the garden brings lasting benefits to the community. E．These gardens not only supply fresh food but also strengthen social bonds. F．However, most communities focus on community gardens that grow food. G．Moreover, define clear roles and responsibilities, such as watering, weeding, and harvesting. 【答案】16．E 17．B 18．G 19．C 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社区花园的价值，并详细说明了在城市中创建和维护社区花园的步骤和方法。 16．上文“Community gardens have emerged as a valuable solution for urban areas where access to fresh fruits and vegetables is limited. They provide residents with a shared space to grow their own produce, promoting health and community spirit.(社区花园已成为城市地区获取新鲜水果和蔬菜有限问题的宝贵解决方案。它们为居民提供了一个共享空间来种植自己的农产品，促进健康和社区精神)”强调了社区花园的价值。E选项“These gardens not only supply fresh food but also strengthen social bonds.(这些花园不仅提供新鲜食物，还加强了社会联系)”进一步阐述了社区花园的好处，且与上文中“to grow their own produce”相呼应，上下文逻辑紧密。故选E项。 17．下文“Look for accessible spaces near water sources with decent soil or space for containers. Empty lots are often ideal, as long as you secure permission from the owner.(寻找靠近水源、土壤适宜或有空间放置容器的可利用空间。只要获得业主的许可，空地通常是理想的选择)”主要围绕寻找合适的土地展开。B选项“The first step is identifying a suitable plot of land.(第一步是确定一块合适的土地)”引出了下文寻找土地的内容，符合语境。故选B项。 18．上文“Building a community garden requires teamwork, so involving the neighborhood is crucial. Reach out to potential participants, organize discussion sessions, and raise funds through crowdsourcing.(建设社区花园需要团队合作，因此让社区居民参与至关重要。联系潜在参与者，组织讨论会议，并通过众筹筹集资金)”强调了团队合作和社区参与的重要性。G选项“Moreover, define clear roles and responsibilities, such as watering, weeding, and harvesting.(此外，明确浇水、除草和收割等具体的角色和责任)”进一步说明了在团队合作中明确分工的重要性，与上文在逻辑上是递进关系。故选G项。 19．上文“Plan the garden layout based on the number and size of plots. Choose crops that suit the local climate, and meet community needs, ensuring year round productivity.(根据地块的数量和大小规划花园布局。选择适合当地气候、满足社区需求的作物，确保全年都有产出)”是关于花园的规划内容。C选项“Once the planning is complete, start building the garden.(一旦规划完成，就开始建设花园)”承接上文的规划，引出下文建设花园的内容，符合上下文的逻辑顺序。故选C项。 20．上文“Sustaining a community garden requires effort and teamwork. Set clear rules for care tasks and promote involvement through events like community meals. Share extra harvests with those in need to extend the garden’s impact. Additionally, you can create a farm-to-table experience by using produce grown in the garden to make shared meals. Regular care keeps the garden productive and attractive. (维持社区花园需要努力和团队合作。为养护任务制定明确的规则，并通过社区聚餐等活动促进参与。将多余的收获分享给有需要的人，以扩大花园的影响。此外，你可以通过使用花园里种植的农产品来制作共享餐，创造一种从农场到餐桌的体验。定期的照料使花园多产且富有吸引力)”介绍了维持社区花园的方法和共享成果。D选项“As a result, the garden brings lasting benefits to the community.(因此，花园给社区带来了持久的好处)”总结了前面建设维护花园和共享成果所带来的结果，与上文逻辑连贯。故选D项。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During my second year in high school, I got sick and missed a few days. When I 21 , I was greeted with two essays due, three days of math and history homework, plus several tests. 22 went home from school that day tired, I had to stay up really late to finish them all. The next day at school, I got a rude awakening: I’d totally forgotten to prepare for the 23 or Romeo and Juliet, which I’d take 24 my lunch hour! Worse still, I had 25 the in-class discussion and all the notes. When lunch came, I went to the English room to face my certain doom (厄运). All I could do was try to 26 on the questions I didn’t know. As it turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions. I was just about to give 27 when my pencil accidentally fell and broke. Standing by the blackboard sharpening my pencil, I 28 down and there was the answer for the test! “What good fortune! I can kiss good-bye to all my 29 of failing the test!” My heart started beating, and my brain 30 , “Yes! Read over the answers — quickly!” This was quickly followed by another voice, “No! You’ll get caught!” My mind turning back and forth, “Yes! No! Yes! No!...” This went on for ten of the 31 seconds in my entire life. Finally, I decided to finish the test on my own, without 32 ! I was satisfied with my decision but pretty 33 I had failed the test. The next day when I walked into the English room, my great joy of having been an 34 soul changed into a wave of doom as I saw my test paper lying face down on my desk. I knew what awaited me. I stared at it a few seconds before I got up the 35 to turn it over. You can only imagine my shock when I learned that I had passed the test! My mom says the victories that take the most courage are won within. Now I know exactly what she means. 21．A．arrived B．appeared C．finished D．returned 22．A．If B．Until C．Although D．Because 23．A．lecture B．test C．play D．essay 24．A．over B．upon C．by D．toward 25．A．lost B．carried C．missed D．dropped 26．A．depend B．agree C．guess D．improve 27．A．off B．up C．out D．away 28．A．wrote B．settled C．calmed D．looked 29．A．worries B．boredom C．loneliness D．tiredness 30．A．persuaded B．whispered C．warned D．chanted 31．A．coldest B．saddest C．longest D．fastest 32．A．suffering B．cheating C．checking D．thinking 33．A．certain B．regretful C．annoyed D．relieved 34．A．open B．optimistic C．honest D．energetic 35．A．wisdom B．courage C．encouragement D．intention 【答案】 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了高中二年级时，作者因病缺课，返校后不仅要应对堆积的作业和考试，且未参与课堂讨论、缺失笔记。考试中，作者对多数题目无从下手，正想放弃时，意外发现了答案。在作弊的诱惑与诚实的良知间激烈挣扎后，他选择独立完成考试，虽自认会不及格，却意外通过。这一经历让他领悟到母亲所言 —— 最需勇气的胜利，源于内心对自我的战胜。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回来的时候，迎接我的是两篇要交的论文，三天的数学和历史作业，还有几次考试。A. arrived到达；B. appeared出现；C. finished完成；D. returned返回。根据前文“I got sick and missed a few days”（我生病了，错过了几天课），这里说的是病好回到学校。故选D项。 22．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然那天放学回家很累，但我不得不熬夜完成所有的作业。A. If如果；B. Until直到；C. Although尽管；D. Because因为。根据下文“I went home from school that day tired”（那天我从学校回家很累）和“I had to stay up really late to finish them all”（我不得不熬夜完成所有作业）之间是转折关系。 故选C项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，我突然惊醒：我完全忘记准备考试和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，我要占用我的午餐时间！A. lecture讲座；B. test考试；C. play戏剧；D. essay论文。根据后文“As it turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions.”（结果是，我大多数问题都不知道）以及“there was the answer for the test”（有考试的答案）可知，这里说的是考试。故选B项。 24．考查介词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，我突然惊醒：我完全忘记准备考试和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》，我要占用我的午餐时间！A. over在……之上，在……期间；B. upon在……上；C. by到……为止；D. toward朝，向。根据上文“I got a rude awakening: I’d totally forgotten to prepare for…”可知，作者要占用午餐时间来准备。“over my lunch - hour”表示“在我的午餐时间里”。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我错过了课堂讨论和所有的笔记。A. lost丢失；B. carried携带；C. missed错过；D. dropped掉落。根据前文“I got sick and missed a few days”和下文“the in-class discussion and all the notes”可知，因为生病了没上课，所以错过了课堂讨论和笔记。故选C项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所能做的就是试着猜测我不知道的问题。A. depend依靠；B. agree同意；C. guess猜测；D. improve提高。根据上文“I’d totally forgotten to prepare for…”可知，因为没准备好，对于不知道的问题只能猜测。故选C项。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：正当我要放弃的时候，我的铅笔不小心掉在地上摔断了。A. (give) off发出（气味等）；B. (give) up放弃；C. (give) out分发；发出（光、热等）；D. (give) away赠送，泄露。根据上文“As it turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions.”提到大部分问题作者都不知道，可知，这里是说准备放弃考试。give up是固定短语，表示“放弃”。故选B项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在黑板边削铅笔，我低头一看，试卷的答案就在那里！A. wrote写；B. settled安居，安定；C. calmed使平静；D. looked看。根据语境以及下文“and there was the answer for the test”可知，站在黑板旁削铅笔，作者向下看看到了答案。故选D项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以和考试不及格的烦恼说再见了！A. worries担忧；B. boredom无聊；C. loneliness孤独；D. tiredness疲劳。根据上文“As it turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions.”和“What good fortune!”可知，看到答案觉得不会有考试不及格的担忧了。故选A项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心开始跳动，我在脑海里小声说着：“是的！快把答案读一遍！”A. persuaded劝说；B. whispered小声说；C. warned警告；D. chanted吟诵。根据后面 “Yes! Read over the answers - quickly!”（是的！快速看答案！），这里是脑海里小声说。故选B项。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种情况持续了我一生中最长的十秒钟。A. coldest最冷的；B. saddest最伤心的；C. longest最长的；D. fastest最快的。根据上文“This was quickly followed by another voice, “No! You’ll get caught!” My mind turning back and forth, Yes! No! Yes! No!...””可知，因为内心在纠结要不要作弊，所以这十秒是人生中最漫长的十秒。故选C项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我决定自己完成考试，不作弊！A. suffering遭受；B. cheating作弊；C. checking检查；D. thinking思考。根据上文“Finally, I decided to finish the test on my own”可知，前面说决定自己完成考试，所以是不作弊。故选B项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对自己的决定很满意，但很肯定我考试不及格。A. certain确定的；B. regretful后悔的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. relieved宽慰的。根据上文内容以及“I was satisfied with my decision”可知，因为没作弊且没准备好，所以确定自己考试不及格。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我走进英语教室时，当我看到我的试卷面朝下放在我的桌子上时，我作为一个诚实的灵魂的巨大喜悦变成了一股厄运的浪潮。A. open开放的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. honest诚实的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文“Finally, I decided to finish the test on my own, without cheating!”可知，作者没作弊，所以是做了一个诚实的人。故选C项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我盯着它看了几秒钟，才鼓起勇气把它翻过来。A. wisdom智慧；B. courage勇气；C. encouragement鼓励；D. intention意图。根据上文“I was satisfied with my decision but pretty 13 I had failed the test.”可知，作者笃定自己不会通过考试，所以鼓励勇气才翻开试卷。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 “Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet,” a 58-minute documentary (纪录片) released in international media outlets, has attracted worldwide attention. Praised as “Chinas greatest poet,” Du Fu 36 (introduce) to the Western world in documentary form for the first time in 2020. The documentary uses “the greatest” to describe Du Fu, not only in China, but also in the scope of world literature, 37 (put) him alongside Dante and Shakespeare, and pointing out that there 38 (be) no such figure in the West as Du Fu. It also explores Du Fu 39 visiting modern China, tracing his life and retracing his steps through places like Xi’an, Chengdu, and Changsha. The documentary also gives 40 (high) favorable recognition to the long tradition of Chinese poetry, which is earlier than Homer’s Iliad and the Odyssey, and shows that the era when Emperor Xuanzong ruled China in the Tang Dynasty (618—907) was the 41 (bright) era of culture and the most splendid era. of-poetry. At that time, there was no civilization in the world that possessed such 42 （elegant）and culture as the Chinese civilization. From 43 Englishman’s point of view, historian Michael Wood tries to find traces of Du Fu in a rapidly changing China, where poets have always been seen as the trusted recorders of the people’s hearts 44 the nation’s history. “And for the Chinese, Du Fu is more than a poet,” said Wood. “For 45 (generation), he has been the protector of the moral conscience (道德良知) of the nation.” 【答案】 36．was introduced 37．putting 38．is 39．by/through 40．highly 41．brightest 42．elegance 43．an 44．and 45．generations 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》内容及其对杜甫和中国诗歌的评价。 36．考查动词时态和语态。句意：被誉为“中国最伟大的诗人”的杜甫于2020年首次以纪录片的形式被介绍给西方世界。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语in 2020可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语Du Fu和动词introduce之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Du Fu是单数，be动词用was。故填was introduced。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这部纪录片用“最伟大的”来形容杜甫，不仅在中国，在世界文学范围内也是如此，将他与但丁和莎士比亚相提并论，并指出西方没有像杜甫这样的人物。空处应用非谓语动词作状语。The documentary和put之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填putting。 38．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这部纪录片用“最伟大的”来形容杜甫，不仅在中国，在世界文学范围内也是如此，将他与但丁和莎士比亚相提并论，并指出西方没有像杜甫这样的人物。此处是there be句型，根据句意可知，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语“no such figure”是单数，be动词用is。故填is。 39．考查介词。句意：这部纪录片还通过参观现代中国来探索杜甫，追溯他的生活，重走他在西安、成都和长沙等地的足迹。根据句意可知，此处表示“通过”参观现代中国来探索杜甫，应用介词by或through。故填by/through。 40．考查副词最高级。句意：这部纪录片还对中国诗歌的悠久传统给予了高度评价，中国诗歌比荷马的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》还要早，并表明唐玄宗统治中国时期（618—907）是文化最辉煌、诗歌最灿烂的时代。空处需用副词highly修饰形容词favorable作状语。故填highly。 41．考查形容词最高级。句意：这部纪录片还对中国诗歌的悠久传统给予了高度评价，中国诗歌比荷马的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》还要早，并表明唐玄宗统治中国时期（618—907）是文化最辉煌、诗歌最灿烂的时代。根据空前“the”和空后“of culture and the most splendid era of poetry”可知，此处应用形容词bright的最高级brightest修饰名词era，表示“最辉煌的时代”。故填brightest。 42．考查名词。句意：当时，世界上没有任何文明像中华文明那样拥有如此高雅的文化。根据空前such和空后“and culture”可知，此处应用名词elegance，与culture并列作宾语，elegance是不可数名词“高雅”。故填elegance。 43．考查冠词。句意：从英国人的角度来看，历史学家迈克尔·伍德试图在快速变化的中国寻找杜甫的踪迹，在中国，诗人一直被视为人民心灵和国家历史的忠实记录者。根据空后“Englishman’s point of view”可知，此处表示泛指“一个英国的角度”，应用不定冠词，Englishman是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 44．考查连词。句意：从英国人的角度来看，历史学家迈克尔·伍德试图在快速变化的中国寻找杜甫的踪迹，在中国，诗人一直被视为人民心灵和国家历史的忠实记录者。根据句意可知，“the people’s hearts”和“the nation’s history”是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 45．考查名词复数。句意：“几代人以来，他一直是这个国家道德良知的守护者。”伍德说。根据空前For和句意可知，此处表示“几代人”，应用名词generation的复数形式generations，作宾语。故填generations。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华。上周你校举办了一场以“环境科学”为主题的科学博览会。你的外国笔友Andy对此很感兴趣，写信向你了解情况。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．活动目的和内容；2．你的感受。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Andy, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Andy, I was thrilled to hear about your interest in the science fair themed Environmental Science we held last week. The exhibition aimed to raise awareness among students about the importance of protecting our environment and encouraging them to explore scientific solutions to environmental problems. It featured a variety of projects, including mine, which focused on recycling and waste reduction. Other projects covered topics like renewable energy, water conservation, and biodiversity. Participating in the exhibition was an incredible experience. It made me realize how much we can achieve through science and innovation to preserve our planet. It also inspired me to pursue a career in environmental science. I hope you have a chance to experience something similar. Looking forward to your sharing! Best regards, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国笔友Andy回信，向他介绍上周学校举办的以“环境科学”为主题的科学博览会。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 提高：raise→promote 重点是：focus on→center on 参加：participate in→join in 2.句式拓展 改写同义句 原句：I was thrilled to hear about your interest in the science fair themed Environmental Science we held last week. 拓展句：I was thrilled to hear that you are interested in the science fair themed Environmental Science we held last week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It featured a variety of projects, including mine, which focused on recycling and waste reduction.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It made me realize how much we can achieve through science and innovation to preserve our planet.（运用了how引导宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “What is that black smoke?” Nita asked her mother who was folding the clothes in the bedroom. “It smells terrible!” “Something is burning in the backyard,” her mother replied. “Go and see what is on fire!” Nita rushed to the backyard and saw her father put a bunch of plastic bags on the fire and kept stirring them with a stick. “Why are you burning those plastic bags, Dad?” Nita asked. “I have just learned that these bags will last an incredibly long time if they are buried. Plastic doesn’t break down in the earth. Burning is the only way to remove them quickly, Nita,” her father replied. Nita felt a wave of sadness for the earth but couldn’t help voicing her doubt. “Burning isn’t good for the earth， either,” she complained. “And the smoke is killing us now!” Her father let out a heavy sigh. He understood his daughter’s concern. But he could not find another way to get rid of those used plastic bags that kept piling up in the kitchen. Throwing away the stick, he sat down on the ground with Nita and said, “Perhaps we have to find a better solution.” Nita was used to seeing her parents take home various things in plastic bags and she also did the same. It was the first time for her to notice the plastic problem at home. That afternoon, as Nita’s mother returned from the market with a lot of plastic bags, Nita felt a growing sense of unease. “The cycle of buying and burning seems endless!” Nita thought. “I have to do something to break the cycle!” Later that day, Nita found herself watching her mother cut used shirts to make a mop (拖把). Suddenly, an idea occurred to her. “Maybe I can create something useful with the leftover cloth!” she thought excitedly. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Nita started to learn how to make a reusable bag with used clothes. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Nita accompanied her mother to the market. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nita started to learn how to make a reusable bag with used clothes. She hunted through the closets, pulling out faded T-shirts and old dresses. Then, she watched DIY videos on her tablet intently, pausing frequently to take in every detail. With shaky hands, she began cutting the fabric. Sewing was tough; the thread knotted constantly. But she didn't quit. After much struggling, her first bag took shape. It was a bit lopsided, yet she beamed with pride, excited to put it to use. The next day, Nita accompanied her mother to the market. She clutched her handmade bag tightly. Each time her mother reached for a plastic bag, Nita quickly intervened, holding up their eco-friendly option. Her mother, impressed, readily agreed. Some shoppers and vendors noticed and asked about the bag. Nita happily shared her story, urging them to try making their own. By the end of the shopping spree, Nita felt a great sense of fulfillment, believing she could make a difference against plastic pollution. future. 【详解】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了 Nita 发现父亲焚烧塑料袋对环境有害，又意识到家里塑料袋使用和处理的循环问题，在看到母亲用旧衣服做拖把后，她想到了用旧衣服制作可重复使用袋子的办法。 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Nita开始学习如何用旧衣服制作可重复使用的袋子。”可知，第一段可描写Nita 从衣柜中翻找旧衣服, 通过平板观看 DIY 视频学习制作方法, 制作过程中遇到困难，如裁剪和缝纫时的问题 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，Nita陪妈妈去了市场。”可知，第二段可描写Nita 带着自制袋子陪母亲去市场, 母亲要拿塑料袋时 Nita 的阻止行为, 与其他购物者和摊主的交流以及感悟。 2.续写线索：收集旧衣物→学习制作方法→克服制作困难完成袋子→带袋子去市场→阻止母亲拿塑料袋→与他人交流分享并获得成就感 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①搜寻：hunt for /search through ②干预：intervene /step in ③学习：study /learn from ④放弃：quit/give up 情绪类 ①兴奋的：excited /thrilled ②满足：fulfillment /satisfaction 【点睛】[高分句型1] Nita happily shared her story, urging them to try making their own. (运用了现在分词做状语) [高分句型2] Each time her mother reached for a plastic bag, Nita quickly intervened, holding up their eco-friendly option. (运用了each time引导的时间状语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$