必修第1册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P28] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(2024·浙江卷，读后续写)Soon Eva began to breathe(呼吸) hard，with her heart pounding and legs shaking. 2．(2024·浙江卷1月)The mind trick made hard things easier，and even gave her power(力量) and inspiration. 3．(2024·浙江卷1月)If I ever get trapped (陷入困境)outside my house again，my local telephone box will，sadly，no longer be able to connect me with my keys. 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)When approaching the finish line, he burst into a big toothy smile and waved (挥手) to me with excitement. Ⅱ.语境运用 1．People were shocked to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother.The shocking news shocked all the people around.(shock) 2．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of survival．Thanks to the swimming skills，he and his friend succeeded in surviving the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors．(survive) 3．The deadly disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 deaths up to now.(dead) 4．The wise man has much wisdom and can handle various matters wisely．(wisdom) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)一听到他的话，我就目瞪口呆地站在那里，激动得说不出话来。 On hearing his words，I simply stood there dumbfounded，too thrilled to speak． 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写)仿佛过了一个世纪我才从同学们热烈的掌声和欢呼中醒来。 It seemed as if a century had passed before I woke up from my classmates'warm applauses and cheers. 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文)当我在浏览我们学校的网站时，我注意到了英文报纸Youth。 I was surfing our school's website when I noticed the English newspaper Youth. [对应学生用书P28] affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(☞affection n．喜爱) (1)be deeply/greatly affected by...　被……深深打动 be affected with ...　染上……疾病 (2)have/feel much/an affection for ...　(非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱…… (3)have an effect on ...　对……有影响 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Affected by those selfless doctors，I have developed a deep affection for the career.(affect) ②Exposed burns of face are easily affected (affect). ③Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting (affect)the entire world，it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ④总的来说，这位伟人对我有巨大的影响。我经常被其数不清的感人故事深深感动。(2023·全国甲卷，短文投稿) In summary，the great figure affects me greatly/has a great effect/influence/impact on me.I am often deeply affected by his countless moving stories. in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 (1)lie/be in ruins　　 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins　沦为废墟 (2)ruin oneself　毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one's fame　毁坏某人的声誉 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Thus，countless houses are in ruins，numerous fields are destroyed (destroy)，and millions of people suffer great economical loss.(2025·河北沧州检测) ②He made a mistake，ruining (ruin) his chance of going abroad. ③你改变不了过去，但如果你忧虑未来，将会毁了现在。(读后续写之主旨升华) You can't change the past，but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future． shock n．休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊(☞shocked adj.感到震惊的 ☞shocking adj.令人震惊的) (1)be a shock to...　对……而言是一件震惊的事 in shock　吃惊地，震惊地 (2)be shocked that...　对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth　因做某事而感到震惊 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In her fast P．E.class，Eva was shocked(shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.(2024·浙江卷1月，读后续写) ②汤姆在马拉松比赛中赢得了冠军，这对我们大家来说非常震惊。 Tom won the championship in the marathon，which was a great shock to/greatly shocked us all． ③他的话让我感到无比的兴奋和自豪，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的脚好像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words，I simply stood there in shock，and my feet，as if rooted to the ground，couldn't move a bit. bury vt.(buried，buried，burying)埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏 (1)be buried in ＝bury oneself in　埋头于；专心于 (2)bury one's face in one's hands　双手掩面 [练透]　句式升级 ①Hearing the bad news，she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.(读后续写之动作描写) →Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，burying her face in her hands．(分词作状语) →Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，with her face buried in her hands．(with复合结构) ②I am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lots of colorful knowledge.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文) →Buried in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lots of colorful knowledge. →Burying myself in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lots of colorful knowledge. suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(☞ suffering n．受苦，遭难☞sufferer n．受害者；患者 suffer a lot of pain　遭受巨大的痛苦 suffer severe damage　损失惨重 suffer from　遭受；患病 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The smiles on their faces have deeply touched me and inspired me to devote my life to helping those suffering (suffer) pain.(主旨升华) ②得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(2022·浙江卷1月，读后续写) Knowing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was burning with anxiety，so I darted towards the hospital. ③我的老师感叹道：“在写作的过程中，你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的意志更加坚强。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) My teacher exclaimed，“In the process of writing，you must have suffered defeats and hardships．It is the sufferings that make you more strong­willed.” survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过(☞ survivor n．幸存者 ☞survival n．幸存；生还) survive on　靠……存活下来 survive sth　幸免于；从……中活过来 A survive B (by＋时间)　A比B活得长(……) [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival (survive) from attacks.(2024·九省联考) ②We will do everything in our power to help those survivors(survive) in the tornado. ③生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句) Life isn't about how to survive the storm；it's about learning to dance in the rain. strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；突击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击 (1)be struck with/by被……所打动/袭击 It strikes sb that...　某人突然觉得……；某人突然想起…… It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that...　某人突然想到…… (2)on strike　罢工 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Yuan Longping's intense efforts that feed so many people on Earth struck (strike) me deeply.(2023·浙江卷1月，应用文) ②被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写) Struck by what he had done for me，I couldn't contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. ③我的朋友们都被一只小鸟和它的救命恩人之间的深厚联系深深打动了。(2023·浙江卷1月，读后续写) My friends were all deeply struck by/with the profound bond between a little bird and her saver. ④她突然意识到，目标可以通过小步骤逐步实现。(2024·浙江卷1月) It occurred to/hit/struck her that goals are easier to achieve in small steps. effect n．影响；结果；效果；效力(☞ effective adj. 有效的；有影响的) take effect　生效；见效 come into effect　生效 have an effect/influence/impact/on/upon　对……产生影响 put...into effect　实施；使……生效/起作用 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This method may not be effective (effect) for everyone as each student's oral ability is different.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文) ②李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(2023·全国甲卷，应用文) During his lifetime，Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems，all of which have a great effect/impact/influence on Chinese culture．(定语从句) ③为解决这些问题，希望我的建议不久会付诸实施。(建议信) Hopefully，my recommendations will soon be put into effect to settle these problems. 句型公式： as if...意为“似乎/好像……” 教材原句：It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ (1)as if/though陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况) (2)as虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况) 虚拟现在：did 虚拟过去：had done 虚拟将来：would/might/could＋do [练透]　完成句子 ①他伸展四肢，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。(读后续写之动作＋情感描写) He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying，his eyes wide with excitement. ②大卫坚持跑步，好像他已经忘记了他所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内就被绊倒了。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses，though he tripped within a few kilometers. ③我目瞪口呆地站在那里，我的脚像在地上扎了根一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) I simply stood there dumbfounded，and my feet，as if rooted to the ground，couldn't move a bit.(读后续写之情绪描写) ④眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，looked at me as if he would say something/as if (he was) to say something，but lowered his head once again. 句型公式：be doing sth when...正在做某事这时(突然)…… 教材原句：I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然水开始涌入家中。 句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。 when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型： be about to do...when...正要做……突然…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……突然…… had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时突然…… [练透]　完成句子 ①手里捧着罐子，我正匆忙上楼梯，突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。 With the jar in my hands，I was walking upstairs in a hurry when one of my feet was caught on one stair. ②他们正要在户外搭起帐篷，这时一声响亮的口哨声把他们吓坏了。(读后续写之情感描写) They were about to put up the tent in the open air when a loud whistle frightened them． ③我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒向地面，我们吓得魂不附体。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) We had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits. [对应学生用书P32] 词形转换 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms，the wisdom (wise)of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. 2．Trapped (trap) in the ruins for two days，the girl constantly held a positive attitude，firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue. 3．Sometimes a smile can make a real difference to people suffering (suffer) from disasters in the affected (affect) area. 4．The government has taken effective (effect) measures to reduce the damage caused by the landslide. 5．Buried (bury) in reading the legend of a master in basketball，he didn't make it to school on time. 6．As I swept (sweep) up the mess，I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months. 7．To win an honour for his country，he didn't give up even if he got injured in the race，setting (set) a good example to others. 8．Shockingly (shock)，the graceful competitor just smiled calmly(calm) when she learned that no effective measures had been taken. 词块补全 1．After years of hard work and dedication，our journey has come to an end(旅程已经结束)，but it is just the beginning of a new chapter in our lives.(读后续写之主旨升华) 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写)Hearing the good news that I won the first prize in the writing contest，a sense of happiness mixed with surprise flooded into my mind(涌上心头). 3．He spared no effort to (不遗余力) carry out a series of reforms to make his country rich and powerful. 4．At that moment，a sudden feeling of sadness swept all my anger away(使我怒气全消).(读后续写之情感描写) [对应学生用书P32] 　阅读理解清障 Ⅰ.熟词生义/派生词 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，阅读)In the wrong hands，such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but，thankfully，Campbell has more than two decades'professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.vt. 驱动 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.vi.大量涌入 3．Birds singing in the tree，the bright five­star red flag waved in the breeze.vi.飘动，起伏 4．She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock.n.休克 5．(2021·全国甲卷)I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep.n.小山 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，阅读)John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)？vt.留存 Ⅱ.一词多义 1．strike A．v.打动 B．v.使突然想起　C．n.罢工　D.vt.撞　E．v.达成(协议，妥协)　F．v.敲钟 ①When I entered the room，the clock had just struck 10. F ②I was struck by the beauty of the sun set. A ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. E ④They have been on strike for several days to get a higher pay. C ⑤He fell，striking his head on the edge of the table. D ⑥It struck me that I forgot to hand in my homework，making me anxious. B 2．deliver A．递送 B．生小孩；接生　C．发表演说等 ①The princess had been delivered of a healthy baby boy，which made the handsome prince wild with excitement. B ②(2025·八省联考)Jim Johnson，a mail carrier，was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland，Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods，just north of downtown Wilmington，where he delivered much more than the mail. A ③(2021·天津卷3月)Good evening，everybody.Professor King will be delivering his lecture in a moment，but let me introduce him first. C 　应用文写作运用——宣传稿(抗震救灾) 假定你是李华，你校学生会计划于下周五举办以抗震救灾为主题的展览。请你以校学生会的名义，在校英文网站上发布一则宣传稿，内容包括：1.展览的时间和地点；2.展览的内容；3.鼓励积极参与。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．我校学生会将于下周五在学校文化中心举办抗震救灾展览。(物作主语，see，disaster rescue) The school's cultural center will see an exhibition organized by the Student Union on earthquake relief and disaster rescue next Friday. 2．展览定于上午9：00举行，持续两个小时。(last) The exhibition is scheduled for 9：00 a．m.，lasting two hours. 3．展览重点是抗震救灾的各个方面，从抗震救灾的历史到救灾设备都有。(various of) It will focus on various aspects of earthquake relief and disaster rescue，ranging from the history of earthquake relief rescue to relief equipment. 4．救援人员的不懈努力和人们在灾难中表现出的智慧会让你深受感动。(effort; rescue; affect) The tireless efforts of rescuers and the wisdom of people showed in disasters can leave you deeply affected. 5．希望大家都能积极参展，这必将提高大家的抗震救灾意识，激励大家为社会做贡献。(定语从句) All are expected to actively engage in the exhibition，which will definitely promote your awareness of earthquake relief and disaster rescue，and inspire you to contribute to society. 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目 The school's cultural center will see an exhibition organized by the Student Union on earthquake relief and disaster rescue next Friday. The exhibition is scheduled for 9：00 a．m.，lasting two hours.It will focus on various aspects of earthquake relief and disaster rescue，ranging from the history of earthquake relief rescue to relief equipment.The tireless efforts of rescuers and the wisdom of people showed in disasters can leave you deeply affected. All are expected to actively engage in the exhibition，which will definitely promote your awareness of earthquake relief and disaster rescue，and inspire you to contribute to society. 　续写能力提升——情感细节描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(一) Ⅰ.语料积累——高分有招 单词 形容词 afraid；alarmed；scared；scary；frightened；frightening；fearful；panicked；terrified；terrifying 动词，名词 fear；scare；fright；frighten；terror；terrify；panic；tremble/shake/shiver；freeze；sweat 词块 头发；脸 (make) one's hair stand on end (使)某人毛骨悚然 (face) went white/pale　(脸)变得苍白 be dead with fright　吓得面无人色 scared white face　惊恐煞白的脸 眼睛；嘴巴 (eyes) be full of/be filled with horror(眼里)满是恐惧 cast a terrified look at　惊恐地看了……一眼 let out a scream of terror　发出惊恐的尖叫 one's mouth (fell) open in horror/with terror　吓得/惊恐地张口结舌 心/血 heart raced/beat/pounded wildly/violently with fear心吓得怦怦跳 one's heart in one's mouth　心提到嗓子眼儿 one's heart be stuck in one's throat　心卡在嗓子眼儿 one's heart gave a horrible jolt　心猛地一颤 blood froze　血液凝固 句型 1.I felt so scared that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak. 我吓得嗓子发紧，膝盖发软。 2．I was wandering in the wood when a snake came out and scared me to death. 我正在林间散步，突然一条蛇蹿了出来，把我吓坏了。 3．I froze with terror，too scared to move an inch. 我吓得呆住了，寸步难行。 4．Seeing the bloody scene，she uncontrollably let out a scream of terror and fainted on the ground. 看到这血腥的一幕，她不受控制地发出恐惧的尖叫，昏倒在地。 Ⅱ.语料运用——“火灾救援”主题下的“恐惧、惊恐” The fire started to spread all over the hotel，and people fleeing out of it in time ①were still in great panic．Just at that moment，a sharp scream came out of the crowd.A young mother ②who was dead with fright(定语从句) cried that her baby was still in the hotel room.Hearing that，③a flood of fear welled up in the crowd(无灵主语句)，and they didn't know what they could do in that situation.They tried to comfort the woman ④who had been scared out of her wits，but words just failed them.They almost lost hope when a young man quickly ran to the pool in front of the hotel，poured water on his jacket and then rushed into the burning room.Seeing the scene，everyone ⑤was numb with fear，wishing he could successfully bring the baby out.⑥Everyone's heart was stuck in their throat until they heard some cry of a baby. 大火开始蔓延到整个酒店，及时逃离的人们仍然非常恐慌。就在这时，人群中传来一声尖锐的尖叫。一位吓坏了的年轻母亲哭着说她的孩子还在酒店房间里。听到这句话，人群中涌起一阵恐惧，他们不知道在这种情况下能怎么办。他们试图安慰那个被吓得魂不附体的女人，却不知道说什么。就在他们几乎失去了希望，一个年轻人迅速跑到酒店前的游泳池，把水倒在夹克上，然后冲进着火的房间时，看到这一幕，所有人都吓得麻木了，希望他能成功把孩子抱出来。每个人的心都卡在嗓子眼里，直到他们听到了婴儿的哭声。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$