精品解析：福建省福州第二中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

福州二中2024—2025学年第四学段考试 高（二）年级 （英语）学科 选择性必修三 Unit 2—选择性必修四Unit （满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. Where does the man live now? A. In a flat. B. In a townhouse. C. In a cottage. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying furniture. B. Arranging a room. C. Adjusting the lighting. 3. When does the woman ask the man to be at work at the latest? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 4. What did the man do on the train? A. He did a project. B. He read a book. C. He listened to music. 5. What will the man do after school? A. Clean the road. B. Go to the park. C. Have his teeth checked. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题， 6. Who will the speakers Interview? A. The headteacher. B. The librarian. C. The secretary. 7. Which picture will be on the front cover of the next magazine? A. The one of the books. B. The one of the science lab. C. The one of the sports day. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister. 9. Why did the man dislike the Indian restaurant? A. Because of the service. B. Because of the decoration. C. Because of the location. 10. What are the speakers going to do? A. Go out to eat. B. Have a takeaway. C. Cook a homemade meal. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How does the man feel now? A. Annoyed. B. Pressured. C. Bored. 12. How often does the woman suggest the man play soccer? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 13. What will the man give up doing? A. Volunteering. B. Doing chores. C. Going to the chess club. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What made Tomas decide to become a professional musician? A. A present. B. A prize. C. A lesson. 15. Which instrument did Tomas learn to play first? A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The drums. 16. What does Tomas like to do best? A. Write his own music. B Play in an orchestra. C. Record music in the studio. 17. What does Tomas find most challenging about his work? A. The long hours. B. The low pay. C. The amount of travelling. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker like to observe bats? A. They are good for the environment. B. They come out in the evening. C. They fly with amazing skills. 19. What surprised the speaker about bat calls? A. How loud they were. B. How varied they were. C. How frequent they were. 20. What does the speaker do to teach people about bats? A She holds exhibitions. B. She offers guided tours. C. She gives presentations. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover the New Horizon Art Exhibition Hall Step into a world where modern literature and visual art come together at the New Horizon Art Exhibition Hall, now open to the public. Our latest exhibition, which opened just on 2nd April, celebrates the creative works of contemporary writers through an inspiring collection of paintings, sculptures, digital art, and interactive equipment. Each piece in the exhibition is uniquely influenced by the literary worlds of well-known modern authors, offering visitors a journey through both visual and written art. Exhibition Hours The exhibition is open Monday through Saturday from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM, and Sunday from 12:00 PM to 5:00 PM. It will be available for viewing until the end of the month. Making an Appointment For a more personalized experience, we recommend booking your visit in advance through our website at www.newhorizonart.com. While walk-ins are welcome, scheduling your appointment ahead of time guarantees priority access. Ticket Prices ·Adults: $20 ·Students & Seniors: $12 ·Children under 12: Free Additional Information ·Please note that photography is not permitted inside the exhibition. • Enjoy refreshments at our café or pick up a unique souvenir(纪念品)from our gift shop. ·Arrive at least 15 minutes before your scheduled time to ensure a smooth experience. 1. What might be a characteristic of the latest exhibition? A. It combines literature with art. B. It highlights digital art technology. C. It displays signatures of authors. D. It features creative writing workshops. 2. What is advised for a more tailored visit to the exhibition? A. A walk-in visit. B. Advance booking. C. A guided tour. D. Souvenir purchasing. 3. What is prohibited during the exhibition? A. Bringing children under 12. B. Using interactive equipment. C. Photographing inside the venue. D. Enjoying refreshments in the café. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了新视野艺术展览馆的最新展览信息。 1题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段中“Our latest exhibition, which opened just on 2nd April, celebrates the creative works of contemporary writers through an inspiring collection of paintings, sculptures, digital art, and interactive equipment. Each piece in the exhibition is uniquely influenced by the literary worlds of well-known modern authors, offering visitors a journey through both visual and written art.(我们最新的展览于4月2日刚刚开幕，通过一系列鼓舞人心的绘画、雕塑、数字艺术和互动设备，庆祝当代作家的创作作品。展览中的每一件作品都受到著名现代作家文学世界的独特影响，为参观者提供了一次视觉和文字艺术的旅程)”可知，最新展览的特点是它将文学与艺术结合在一起。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。 根据Making an Appointment部分中“For a more personalized experience, we recommend booking your visit in advance through our website at www.newhorizonart.com.(为了获得更个性化的体验，我们建议您通过我们的网站www.newhorizonart.com提前预订参观)”可知，为了获得更个性化的参观体验，建议提前预订。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。 根据Additional Information部分中“Please note that photography is not permitted inside the exhibition.(请注意，展览馆内禁止拍照)”可知，展览期间禁止在展厅内拍照。故选C。 B Jim Johnson, a mail carrier was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters — even the bills — appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. 4. What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A. He’s open-minded. B. He’s sharp-eyed. C. He’s warm-hearted. D. He’s strong-willed. 5. What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Refused. B. Criticized. C. Investigated. D. Stopped. 6. What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A. He drove Butch to its owner. B. He sent presents to his friends. C He prepared a retirement party. D. He said goodbye to the neighbors. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a respected mail carrier. B. To record an unforgettable experience. C. To raise funds for the postal service. D. To call for harmony in the community. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮差Jim Johnson及其与社区居民的深厚情谊。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. (他知道所有孩子和他们宠物的名字；他把杂货搬进来；他注意到那些没锁的门，提供园艺方面的建议，还教了几个小男孩曲球的艺术。当他不做这些事情的时候，吉姆会跑过棋盘状的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会达不到每天的承诺)”可推知，Jim Johnson是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Though the postal service is often (虽然邮政服务经常)”及“the trust in local postal service lives on. (人们对当地邮政服务的信任仍然存在)”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在，那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在常被批评。由此可知，划线词disparaged与选项B意思相近，意为“批评”。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. (每到一站，吉姆都会接受那些已经成为他自己的家人的告别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，有充满温暖回忆的拥抱)”可知，Jim在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外，还向邻居们告别。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. (Jim离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义)”可知，文章主要讲述了Jim Johnson这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。 C Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams? Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory. A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning. Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning. Participants — 72 healthy male and female adults — were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning. After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries, but two-thirds of them also exercised. Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test. The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested. Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity. The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately. Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned. According to this research, the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying. But why? That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer. Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning. I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout. But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning. 8. What did the new study aim to explore? A. When exercise is best for learning. B. What biochemicals are good for health. C. How brainwaves should be measured. D. Which area of the brain is the most active. 9. What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment? A. Train on bicycles. B. Do mathematics exercises. C. Play computer games. D. Watch films about nature. 10. Why did the participants return to the lab two days later? A. To do a medical examination. B. To have their memory tested. C. To get their workouts recorded. D. To finish their previous tasks. 11. What might the author’s marathon running prove? A. The findings of the study are reliable. B. Long-distance runners are often smart. C. Studies on the marathon are not enough. D. Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究——锻炼可以帮助刺激大脑将新信息转化为长期记忆的区域，以及进行锻炼以最大程度提高学习的最佳时间。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.(一项新的研究更进一步，找到了锻炼有助于最大化学习效果的最佳时间)”可知，新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries(测试后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片)”可知，实验要求所有受试者在实验过程中观看自然纪录片。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test(两天后，所有参与者返回实验室进行回忆测试)”可知，参与者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.(我已经跑了足够多的马拉松来证明这样一个事实：在艰苦的锻炼过程中或之后，我的大脑一点也不敏锐)”可知，作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明，剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D项。 D The human mind is astonishing. We can solve complex problems, perform calculations, create art, and process language effortlessly. We humans are the smartest of all, or so we think. However, recent studies reveal how easily context can mislead us. Consider the Müller-Lyer illusion (错觉): equal-length lines look different if one has outward-pointing arrows and the other has inward-pointing arrows. Similarly, three identical-sized runners positioned along a visual path seem to vary in size. Before you conclude that being fooled is reserved only for visual illusions, let me give the example of Belinda: an outspoken philosophy student, deeply concerned with sustainability, biodiversity, and global warming. Is Belinda more likely: a) a top student, or b) a top student and vegetarian? Many people choose the second, because the context of being vegetarian seems to fit the image of someone deeply concerned with sustainability. But statistically, the first is more likely. There are always more top students than vegetarian top students. Yet for all its potential to trick, context more often serves as our mental shortcut to efficient understanding. Rather than memorizing every possible meaning of words and sentence patterns, we constantly use surrounding information to fill gaps. As linguist J. R. Firth observed, “You shall know a word by the company it keeps.” For example, in the sentence “My daughter was ferliamated when she got a pet dog,” we can guess that “ferliamated” means “excited”, even if the word doesn’t exist. This two-sided nature of context leads us to an important discovery about how our minds work. While we can discuss anything at any time in any context, it seems more likely that we talk about the things whose meaning lies in the same context. This offers exciting possibilities for understanding both the human mind and language itself — showing how communication depends not just on our thinking, but equally on how language is built to work with context. 12. Which image matches the description of the “runners” illusion? A. B. C. D. 13. Why do people often choose option (b) in the Belinda example? A. Top students often make greener choices. B. Rich details override their logical thinking. C. Personal experiences affect decision-making. D. First impressions lead to their false judgment. 14. How do Firth’s quote and the “ferliamated” example support the author’s point? A. They show how context helps word understanding. B. They prove that words can have random meanings. C. They explain why memorizing words isn’t a shortcut. D. They demonstrate what dictionaries can’t really clarify. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The link between context and mind. B. The complex nature of context. C. Talk topics within the same context. D. The research value of context. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出人类思维虽强大，但易受语境误导，如视错觉和概率判断，同时语境也是理解的捷径，体现思维与语言和语境的关系。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“However, recent studies reveal how easily context can mislead us. Consider the Müller-Lyer illusion (错觉): equal-length lines look different if one has outward-pointing arrows and the other has inward-pointing arrows. Similarly, three identical-sized runners positioned along a visual path seem to vary in size.(然而，最近的研究表明，语境很容易误导我们。考虑一下Müller-Lyer错觉：如果一条线有向外指向的箭头，而另一条线有向内指向的箭头，那么等长线看起来是不同的。同样地，沿着视觉路径放置的三个相同大小的跑步者似乎大小不同)”可知，选项B中展示了两个人在跑道上跑步，其中一个人看似离终点更近，但可能存在视觉上的误导，比如跑道的角度、距离感等因素可能造成这种错觉，符合跑步者错觉这种关于视觉上的错觉情境。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Before you conclude that being fooled is reserved only for visual illusions, let me give the example of Belinda: an outspoken philosophy student, deeply concerned with sustainability, biodiversity, and global warming. Is Belinda more likely: a) a top student, or b) a top student and vegetarian? Many people choose the second, because the context of being vegetarian seems to fit the image of someone deeply concerned with sustainability. But statistically, the first is more likely. There are always more top students than vegetarian top students.(在你认为被愚弄的情况仅限于视觉错觉之前，请让我以贝琳达为例来说明一下：她是一位直言不讳的哲学专业学生，对可持续性、生物多样性和全球变暖问题非常关注。贝琳达更有可能是：a）一名优秀学生，还是 b）一名优秀学生并且是素食者？很多人会选择后者，因为素食者的形象似乎与对可持续性问题的深切关注相契合。但从统计学角度来看，第一种情况更有可能发生。优秀学生总是比素食的优秀学生更多)”可知，在Belinda的例子中，人们往往选择选项(b)是因为丰富的细节覆盖了他们的逻辑思维。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“As linguist J. R. Firth observed, “You shall know a word by the company it keeps.” For example, in the sentence “My daughter was ferliamated when she got a pet dog,” we can guess that “ferliamated” means “excited”, even if the word doesn’t exist.(正如语言学家 J. R. 弗斯所指出的那样：“你可以通过一个词所结交的伙伴来了解这个词。” 例如，在句子“我女儿得到一只宠物狗时非常兴奋”中，即便“ferliamated”这个词并不存在，我们也能推断出它的意思是“兴奋的”)”可知，Irish 的 quote 和“feral”例子支持作者的观点，即展示了语境如何帮助理解单词。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This two-sided nature of context leads us to an important discovery about how our minds work. While we can discuss anything at any time in any context, it seems more likely that we talk about the things whose meaning lies in the same context. This offers exciting possibilities for understanding both the human mind and language itself — showing how communication depends not just on our thinking, but equally on how language is built to work with context.(这种上下文的双重特性促使我们有了一个关于人类思维运作方式的重要发现。尽管我们可以在任何情境下讨论任何内容，但似乎更有可能的是，我们会谈论那些在其意义方面与当前情境相契合的事物。这为理解人类思维和语言本身提供了令人兴奋的可能性——表明交流不仅取决于我们的思考，还取决于语言如何与情境相匹配以发挥作用)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是语境在研究人类思维和语言方面的价值。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It isn’t unusual that our life is always accompanied by joys, sorrows and other emotions. ___16___ Thankfully, there are a number of mental health techniques you can use and lifestyle changes you can make to control and overcome these negative feelings. Breathe in deeply to calm yourself. When your emotions emerge, your breathing will often get out of control as well, fueling your feelings of stress and anxiety. Free yourself from these feelings by taking several deep breaths. ___17___ Relax your muscles to relieve physical and mental tension. Do a scan of your body and see where you’re holding your stress, then force yourself to relax that area. Stretch your arms, relax your shoulders, and let the tension out of your legs. ___18___ Releasing physical tension can go a long way towards cooling yourself. Place yourself in a calm, safe place. ___19___ Close your eyes and imagine it, creating as many details as you can, while breathing slowly and evenly. Let out the tension in your body and let the calmness of your safe place quiet your thoughts and emotions. ___20___ Containing or ignoring your emotions will not make them go away. They will resurface later, so it’s important that you let yourself feel your emotions. A. In fact, they are part of our lives. B. Roll your neck and shake out your fingers. C. Give yourself permission to work through the emotion. D. They, in turn, bring about your losing control of your emotions. E. Choose a place, real or imagined, that you find quiet and peaceful. F. However, some can lead to major amounts of suffering when left unchecked. G. If you can, try a purposeful deep breathing technique for the most effective solution. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍如何控制自己的情绪。 【16题详解】 由下文“Thankfully, there are a number of mental health techniques you can use and lifestyle changes you can make to control and overcome these negative feelings. （幸运的是，你可以使用一些心理健康技巧，并做出一些生活方式的改变，来控制和克服这些负面情绪。）”可知前文要提出某些情绪存在的问题。F项“However, some can lead to major amounts of suffering when left unchecked. （然而，如果放任不管，有些情绪可能导致大量的痛苦。）”符合题意。故选F项。 【17题详解】 考查段尾句。由上文“Free yourself from these feelings by taking several deep breaths （通过进行几次深呼吸，你可以从这些情绪中解放自己。）”可以推断出这里是顺承关系，告诉我们应该怎么做。G项“If you can, try a purposeful deep breathing technique for the most effective solution. （如果可以的话，尝试一种有意识的深呼吸技巧，这是最有效的解决方案。）”符合题意，故选G项。 【18题详解】 由上文的“Stretch your arms, relax your shoulders, and let the tension out of your legs. （伸展你的双臂，放松你的肩膀，让腿部的紧张感消散。）”可知，这里应该继续列举我们可以做什么放松自己。B项“Roll your neck and shake out your fingers. （转动你的颈部，摇动你的手指。）”符合题意。故选B项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Place yourself in a calm, safe place. （将自己置身于一个平静、安全的地方。）”可知，这里应该阐明清楚选择一个什么样的地方。E项“Choose a place, real or imagined, that you find quiet and peaceful. （选择一个你感到宁静和平和的地方，无论是真实的还是想象中的。）”符合题意，故选E项。 【20题详解】 由下文“They will bubble up and resurface later, so it's important that you let yourself feel your emotions. （它们会冒泡并稍后再次浮现，所以让自己感受到情绪是很重要的。）”可知，我们要与这些情绪共存，不能忽视它。C项“Give yourself permission to work through the emotion. （给自己许可去体验并处理这种情绪。）”符合题意，故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个连项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While writing report cards five years ago, Jennifer Thiessen was troubled by something. Her third-grade students were being ___21___ on subjects such as math and science, but not on life skills — such as social responsibility and kindness. She mentioned her ___22___ to a fellow teacher at the school, and they ___23___ a plan. They assigned their students a project that had nothing to do with standard school subjects. ___24___, it was centered on ___25___ goodwill. They called it the “Kindness Project”. Students from two separate third-grade classes made cupcakes at home and ___26___ them for $1 during a series of bake sales at the school. They ___27___ about $400 and used the proceeds to purchase small gifts and handed them out to strangers near the school. Many of the gift recipients seemed “caught off guard” ___28___, Thiessen said, though they were all in when the students explained what the ___29___ was about. Some were moved to tears. She decided to make it a(n) ____30____ activity for third-graders at the school. For the past five years, third-grade students at Watson Elementary School ____31____ the Kindness Project every year. Given the ____32____ of the project, the school decided to ____33____ it this year to involve five classes. “It warmed my heart to help others,” Artie Foik, eight, said. The bigger ____34____ of the project, Thiessen said, is the feelings they’ll ____35____ with them as they grow. 21. A. assisted B. evaluated C. encouraged D. tricked 22. A. concerns B. problems C. plans D. interests 23. A. stuck to B. figured out C. applied for D. put off 24. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Moreover 25. A. winning B. enjoying C. spreading D. reporting 26. A. rented B. sold C. used D. saved 27. A. raised B. needed C. borrowed D. wasted 28. A. at times B. above all C. at least D. at first 29. A. project B. investigation C. school D. negotiation 30. A. alternative B. national C. annual D. social 31. A. stimulated B. suspended C. joined D. monitored 32. A. name B. success C. transformation D. duration 33. A. globalize B. finish C. restart D. broaden 34. A. challenge B. problem C. trial D. idea 35. A. inspire B. leave C. carry D. shake 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer Thiessen老师带头为三年级学生开设了善行项目，让学生传播善意，这得到了学校的支持，扩大了项目的范围。且学生从这个项目中收获很多，认为帮助他人能温暖自己的心。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的三年级学生是以数学和科学这样的学科来评估成绩的，而不是社会责任和善良这样的生活技能。A. assisted帮助；B. evaluated评估；C. encouraged鼓励；D. tricked欺骗，欺诈。根据后文“on subjects such as math and science”以及常识可知，学校是以数学和科学这样的学科成绩来评估学生成绩的，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她和学校的一个老师提起了她的担忧，他们便想出了一个计划。A. concerns担心，担忧；B. problems问题；C. plans计划；D. interests兴趣。根据前文“Jennifer Thiessen was troubled by something.”可知，Jennifer Thiessen被一些事情所困扰，因此此处表示她将她的担忧告诉给了同事，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. stuck to坚持；B. figured out想出，弄清楚；C. applied for申请；D. put off推迟。根据空后“a plan”可知，此处为想出一个计划，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，它以传播善意为重点。A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover而且。根据空前“They assigned their students a project that had nothing to do with standard school subjects.”和空后“it was centered on ___5___ goodwill.”可知，前文提到他们给学生布置的项目是与学校科目不相关的，相反，是以传播善意为重点，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，它以传播善意为重点。A. winning赢；B. enjoying享受；C. spreading传播；D. reporting报道。根据后文“They ___7___ about $400 and used the proceeds to purchase small gifts and handed them out to strangers near the school.”可知，他们将筹集的钱买了小礼物，分发给学校附近的陌生人，这是在传播善意，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自三年级两个班的学生在家做纸杯蛋糕，在学校的一系列蛋糕义卖中以1美元的价格售卖蛋糕。A. rented租；B. sold售卖；C. used使用；D. saved节省。根据后文“used the proceeds to purchase small gifts”可知，他们用这些收入来买小礼物，故此处指以1美元的价格售卖纸杯蛋糕，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们筹集了大概400美元，并用这些收入来买小礼物，在学校附近将礼物分发给陌生人。A. raised筹集；B. needed需要；C. borrowed借；D. wasted浪费。根据后文“used the proceeds to purchase small gifts”可知，他们用这些收入来买小礼物，故此处指买纸杯蛋糕总共筹集了400美元，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：Jennifer Thiessen说，许多人收到礼物的人一开始似乎有点“措手不及”，但是当学生解释了这个项目是关于什么的时候，他们都接受了礼物。A. at times有时；B. above all最重要的是；C. at least至少；D. at first起初，最开始。根据后文“they were all in when the students explained what the ___9___ was about.”可知，在学生给他们解释后，他们都理解并接受了礼物，故起初他们有点“措手不及”，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. project项目；B. investigation调查；C. school学校；D. negotiation协商。根据前文“They called it the “Kindness Project””的提示可知，他们实施这个项目，因此要向“措手不及”的陌生人解释这个项目，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她决定把它作为学校三年级学生的年度活动。A. alternative可选择的；B. national国家的；C. annual每年的；D. social社会的。根据后文“For the past five years, third-grade students at Watson Elementary School ___11___ the Kindness Project every year.”可知，在过去的五年里，Watson小学三年级的学生每年都要参加这个项目，因此她将这个活动作为学校三年级学生的年度活动，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的五年里，Watson小学三年级的学生每年都要参加这个善行项目。A. stimulated激励；B. suspended暂停；C. joined参加；D. monitored监督。根据前文“activity for third-graders at the school.”可知，这个活动是为学校三年级学生举行的，故三年级学生每年都需要参加这个善行项目，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这个项目的成功，学校决定今年扩大到5个班级。A. name名字；B. success成功；C. transformation转变；D. duration持久性。根据后文“to involve five classes.”可知，扩大到5个班级，说明项目的范围扩大了，故学校认为这个项目举办得很成功，故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. globalize全球化；B. finish完成；C. restart重新开始；D. broaden扩大。根据空后“it this year to involve five classes.”以及前文“Students from two separate third-grade classes”可知，前文提到这个项目是三年级的两个班参加，后文提到涉及到5个班，因此这个项目是扩大了，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Thiessen说道，这个项目更大的想法是他们在成长过程中所带来的感受。A. challenge挑战；B. problem问题；C. trial试验；D. idea想法。根据前文““It warmed my heart to help others, ” Artie Foik, eight, said.”可知，8岁的Artie Foik说道，帮助他人能温暖自己的心，然而Thiessen认为更大的想法是，孩子在成长过程中能一直拥有这种感受，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thiessen说道，这个项目更大的想法是他们在成长过程中所带来的感受。A. inspire激励；B. leave留下；C. carry带；D. shake摇晃。根据空后“with them as they grow”可知，Thiessen认为更大的想法是孩子在成长过程中能一直拥有这种感受，故随着他们成长，他们能一直带着这种感受，故选C。 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或使用括号内单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷上的相应位置。 Inside a workshop in Lyon, France, the soft rhythm of weaving (织布) machines fills the air as colorful threads move smoothly. For centuries, silk-making traditions, passed down through generations, ___36___ (shape) Lyon’s identity. In these workshops, skilled workers use silk-screen printing, ___37___ technique originating in China, to layer colors one by one. ___38___ (remarkable), creating a single scarf can involve up to 30 different colors, each requiring its own screen and printing step. This ___39___ (detail) process, demanding steady hands and sharp eyes, ensures that every piece is unique and full of character. Lyon’s connection to silk dates back to ancient times, ___40___ the city became a key gateway for Chinese silk entering Europe. During the Roman Empire, Lyon’s location along the Rhine River made it an important trading center. The ___41___ (arrive) of silk brought significant cultural and economic changes, establishing long-lasting ties between China and France. Even the street designs of Lyon’s Old Town ___42___ (tailor) to protect silk products from wind and rain during transport, showing how silk influenced the city’s development in many ways. Today, Lyon is still celebrated ___43___ a center for silk production, design, and cultural exchange, ___44___ (inspire) many famous fashion houses around the world. Thanks to China’s Belt and Road initiative, new trade routes are bringing fresh ____45____ (opportunity) to Lyon. This renewed partnership continues to weave a future of shared creativity and innovation. 【答案】36. have shaped 37. a 38. Remarkably 39. detailed 40. when 41. arrival 42. were tailored 43. as 44. inspiring 45. opportunities 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国里昂与丝绸的深厚渊源及丝绸产业对其发展的影响。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪以来，代代相传的丝绸制作传统塑造了里昂的特色。shape“塑造”。根据时间状语For centuries可知，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，时态应用现在完成时，主语silk-making traditions是复数，助动词用have。故填have shaped。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在这些作坊里，熟练的工人使用起源于中国的丝网印刷技术，一层一层地叠加颜色。此处泛指“一项起源于中国的技术”，且technique是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：值得注意的是，制作一条围巾可能需要多达30种不同的颜色，每种颜色都需要自己的丝网和印刷步骤。此处修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词remarkably“值得注意的是”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Remarkably。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个细致的过程需要稳定的手和敏锐的眼睛，以确保每一件作品都是独一无二的，充满个性。此处修饰名词process，应用形容词detailed“细致的”，作定语。故填detailed。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：里昂与丝绸的联系可以追溯到古代，当时这座城市成为中国丝绸进入欧洲的重要门户。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是ancient times，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：丝绸的到来带来了重大的文化和经济变革，建立了中法之间的长期联系。此处作主语，应用名词arrival“到来”。故填arrival。 【42题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：就连里昂老城的街道设计也是为了在运输过程中保护丝绸产品免受风吹雨打，这显示了丝绸在许多方面对城市发展的影响。此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，主语street designs和动词tailor“专门制作”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语street designs是复数，be动词用were。故填were tailored。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：如今，里昂仍然是丝绸生产、设计和文化交流的中心，激励着世界各地的许多著名时装公司。be celebrated as是固定短语，意为“作为……而闻名/受到赞誉”。故填as。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语为is celebrated，此处为非谓语动词，且Lyon与inspire“激励”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填inspiring。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：由于中国的“一带一路”倡议，新的贸易路线正在为里昂带来新的机遇。本空作are bringing的宾语，opportunity“机遇”是可数名词，由new trade routes are bringing可知，应用复数形式。故填opportunities。 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（共15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的外教Peter决定在英语校报中开设新栏目，“Science Fiction”或“Adversity and Courage”。请你选择其中一个栏目，并给Peter写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由（举例说明）； 3. 设想栏目内容。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100个左右；2. 文中不要出现真实姓名。 Dear Peter, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. I suggest choosing the “Adversity and Courage” column. Life is full of challenges, and many students face pressure from schoolwork and expectations. For example, some struggle with exams or fear public speaking. This column could share inspiring stories of people overcoming difficulties, such as Malala’s fight for education or a student’s journey through failure. The column could include real-life stories, quotes, and student writings. It would not only improve our English but also teach us resilience and a positive mindset. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外教Peter写邮件，从“Science Fiction”和“Adversity and Courage”两个栏目中选择一个，说明选择理由并举例，同时设想栏目内容。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 建议：suggest→propose 充满：be full of→be filled with 压力：pressure→stress 激励人心的：inspiring→encouraging 2. 句式拓展 并列句变复合句 原句：Life is full of challenges, and many students face pressure from schoolwork and expectations. 拓展句：Life is full of challenges, and many students face pressure which comes from schoolwork and expectations. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I suggest choosing the “Adversity and Courage” column. （运用了动名词短语作宾语） 【高分句型2】It would not only improve our English but also teach us resilience and a positive mindset.（运用了“not only...but also...”结构，连接两个并列结构） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There comes a time for every family when the parents have to apologize to the child. Mine came recently when my wife and I stayed with our elder son in Los Angeles—our first visit in several years and the longest since he moved west in 2014. A whole week under his roof! “Dad, don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth,” Nathaniel “advised” on our first night. All right, I figured, this is California, where drought is a concern. But I also got caught pulling extra paper towels to wipe the kitchen table on the second day and was instructed to use the dishcloth, which didn’t seem clean enough. More orders followed. Not to leave my out-of-date walking shoes sitting out, and did I even need such ugly footwear? Don’t wear a neck warmer when walking the dogs in the morning—it will warm up when we get to the park. Why drink so much soda water... At last, on the third day, I got a little bit angry and I wondered how I’d raised such a tyrant (暴君) and even wanted to argue with Nathaniel. I wanted to tell him how rude he was before his mom and I planned to head back on the fourth day. Then I remembered how often I threw the golden rule of parenting at Nathaniel and his sisters and brothers when they were young. “Some day, you’ll have a home of your own and can live however you want,” I’d say. “But now, you’ll have to do as we ask.” Now it was payback time. I remembered getting angry at my own father’s commands when growing up, how he always adjusted my collar or came into my room at dusk to draw the curtains. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Feeling sorry, I walked to Nathaniel immediately. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hugging me tightly in tears, Nathaniel kissed me for my understanding. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Feeling sorry, I walked to Nathaniel immediately. I patted him gently on his back and proposed a walk outside. Confused as he was, I let my heart out sincerely while walking along the river. I murmured by his side how annoyed I was under his “supervision” at the very beginning. Then I apologized to him for my misunderstanding and shared with him how I got along with his grandfather in the course of my growth. Letting out a sigh of relief at last, I told him I was so proud of his being a powerful adult now and I understood that it was time for him to grow up. Hugging me tightly in tears, Nathaniel kissed me for my understanding. He looked at me into my eyes, saying: “Dad, never had I realized how bossy I was when I talked to you and Mom. Please forgive me!” In the remaining days, I smilingly followed Nathaniel’s household “dos and don’ts”, but with a touch of relaxation. As for my son, he tried to be our perfect baby by cleaning dishes after dinner, assuming he would do a better job than my wife and me or setting our daily outings, willingly driving everywhere. It was then that I knew for sure that the son also rises to fatherhood. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，文章主要介绍了作者和妻子去洛杉矶看望大儿子时的一段经历。在儿子家中居住的一周里，作者因为一些生活习惯上的差异受到了儿子的多次“指导”，比如刷牙时不应该让水一直流着、不应该用太多的纸巾擦桌子、不应该把过时的鞋子随意摆放等。这让作者感到有些恼火，甚至觉得自己养出了一个“暴君”。然而，在情绪过后，作者回想起了自己年轻时也经常对父亲的管教感到不满，意识到这是孩子们在有了自己的生活方式后的正常反应。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句“我感到抱歉，立即走向Nathaniel 。”可知，本段可描写作者向大儿子表达歉意，最终认可他已成长为有能力的成年人，表达了自豪与理解。 ②由第二段首句“Nathaniel泪流满面地紧紧拥抱着我，吻了我一下，以表示我的理解。”可知，本段可描写Nathaniel感激父亲的理解，反省自身，展现成熟。 2.续写线索：向儿子道歉——真诚的交流——分享了自己成长中和父亲的关系——赞扬儿子的成长和能力——儿子反思了自己的行为——展现出成熟的态度 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①提议出去散步：propose a walk outside/suggest taking a walk outdoors ②向某人道歉：apologize to sb. /say sorry to sb. ③低语：murmur/whisper 情绪类 ①真诚的：sincerely/genuinely ②生气的：annoyed/irritated 【点睛】【高分句型1】Then I apologized to him for my misunderstanding and shared with him how I got along with his grandfather in the course of my growth.（运用了how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It was then that I knew for sure that the son also rises to fatherhood.（运用了强调句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 福州二中2024—2025学年第四学段考试 高（二）年级 （英语）学科 选择性必修三 Unit 2—选择性必修四Unit （满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. Where does the man live now? A. In a flat. B. In a townhouse. C. In a cottage. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying furniture. B. Arranging a room. C. Adjusting the lighting. 3. When does the woman ask the man to be at work at the latest? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 4. What did the man do on the train? A. He did a project. B. He read a book. C. He listened to music. 5. What will the man do after school? A. Clean the road. B. Go to the park. C. Have his teeth checked. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题， 6. Who will the speakers Interview? A. The headteacher. B. The librarian. C. The secretary. 7. Which picture will be on the front cover of the next magazine? A. The one of the books. B. The one of the science lab. C. The one of the sports day. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister. 9. Why did the man dislike the Indian restaurant? A. Because of the service. B. Because of the decoration. C. Because of the location. 10 What are the speakers going to do? A. Go out to eat. B. Have a takeaway. C. Cook a homemade meal. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. How does the man feel now? A. Annoyed. B. Pressured. C. Bored. 12. How often does the woman suggest the man play soccer? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 13. What will the man give up doing? A Volunteering. B. Doing chores. C. Going to the chess club. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What made Tomas decide to become a professional musician? A. A present. B. A prize. C. A lesson. 15. Which instrument did Tomas learn to play first? A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The drums. 16. What does Tomas like to do best? A. Write his own music. B. Play in an orchestra. C. Record music in the studio. 17. What does Tomas find most challenging about his work? A. The long hours. B. The low pay. C. The amount of travelling. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why does the speaker like to observe bats? A. They are good for the environment. B. They come out in the evening. C. They fly with amazing skills. 19. What surprised the speaker about bat calls? A. How loud they were. B. How varied they were. C. How frequent they were. 20. What does the speaker do to teach people about bats? A. She holds exhibitions. B. She offers guided tours. C. She gives presentations. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover the New Horizon Art Exhibition Hall Step into a world where modern literature and visual art come together at the New Horizon Art Exhibition Hall, now open to the public. Our latest exhibition, which opened just on 2nd April, celebrates the creative works of contemporary writers through an inspiring collection of paintings, sculptures, digital art, and interactive equipment. Each piece in the exhibition is uniquely influenced by the literary worlds of well-known modern authors, offering visitors a journey through both visual and written art. Exhibition Hours The exhibition is open Monday through Saturday from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM, and Sunday from 12:00 PM to 5:00 PM. It will be available for viewing until the end of the month. Making an Appointment For a more personalized experience, we recommend booking your visit in advance through our website at www.newhorizonart.com. While walk-ins are welcome, scheduling your appointment ahead of time guarantees priority access. Ticket Prices ·Adults: $20 ·Students & Seniors: $12 ·Children under 12: Free Additional Information ·Please note that photography is not permitted inside the exhibition. • Enjoy refreshments at our café or pick up a unique souvenir(纪念品)from our gift shop. ·Arrive at least 15 minutes before your scheduled time to ensure a smooth experience. 1. What might be a characteristic of the latest exhibition? A. It combines literature with art. B. It highlights digital art technology. C. It displays signatures of authors. D. It features creative writing workshops. 2. What is advised for a more tailored visit to the exhibition? A. A walk-in visit. B. Advance booking. C. A guided tour. D. Souvenir purchasing. 3. What is prohibited during the exhibition? A. Bringing children under 12. B. Using interactive equipment. C. Photographing inside the venue. D. Enjoying refreshments in the café. B Jim Johnson, a mail carrier was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters — even the bills — appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That’s what the postal service means to us. 4. What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A. He’s open-minded. B. He’s sharp-eyed. C. He’s warm-hearted. D. He’s strong-willed. 5. What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Refused. B. Criticized. C. Investigated. D. Stopped. 6. What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A. He drove Butch to its owner. B. He sent presents to his friends. C. He prepared a retirement party. D. He said goodbye to the neighbors. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To remember a respected mail carrier. B To record an unforgettable experience. C. To raise funds for the postal service. D. To call for harmony in the community. C Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams? Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory. A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning. Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function, scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning. Participants — 72 healthy male and female adults — were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning. After the test, all of the subjects watched nature documentaries, but two-thirds of them also exercised. Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test. The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested. Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity. The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately. Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity, indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned. According to this research, the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying. But why? That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer. Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning. I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout. But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning. 8. What did the new study aim to explore? A. When exercise is best for learning. B. What biochemicals are good for health. C. How brainwaves should be measured. D. Which area of the brain is the most active. 9. What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment? A. Train on bicycles. B. Do mathematics exercises. C Play computer games. D. Watch films about nature. 10. Why did the participants return to the lab two days later? A. To do a medical examination. B. To have their memory tested. C. To get their workouts recorded. D. To finish their previous tasks. 11. What might the author’s marathon running prove? A. The findings of the study are reliable. B. Long-distance runners are often smart. C. Studies on the marathon are not enough. D. Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain. D The human mind is astonishing. We can solve complex problems, perform calculations, create art, and process language effortlessly. We humans are the smartest of all, or so we think. However, recent studies reveal how easily context can mislead us. Consider the Müller-Lyer illusion (错觉): equal-length lines look different if one has outward-pointing arrows and the other has inward-pointing arrows. Similarly, three identical-sized runners positioned along a visual path seem to vary in size. Before you conclude that being fooled is reserved only for visual illusions, let me give the example of Belinda: an outspoken philosophy student, deeply concerned with sustainability, biodiversity, and global warming. Is Belinda more likely: a) a top student, or b) a top student and vegetarian? Many people choose the second, because the context of being vegetarian seems to fit the image of someone deeply concerned with sustainability. But statistically, the first is more likely. There are always more top students than vegetarian top students. Yet for all its potential to trick, context more often serves as our mental shortcut to efficient understanding. Rather than memorizing every possible meaning of words and sentence patterns, we constantly use surrounding information to fill gaps. As linguist J. R. Firth observed, “You shall know a word by the company it keeps.” For example, in the sentence “My daughter was ferliamated when she got a pet dog,” we can guess that “ferliamated” means “excited”, even if the word doesn’t exist. This two-sided nature of context leads us to an important discovery about how our minds work. While we can discuss anything at any time in any context, it seems more likely that we talk about the things whose meaning lies in the same context. This offers exciting possibilities for understanding both the human mind and language itself — showing how communication depends not just on our thinking, but equally on how language is built to work with context. 12. Which image matches the description of the “runners” illusion? A. B. C. D. 13. Why do people often choose option (b) in the Belinda example? A. Top students often make greener choices. B. Rich details override their logical thinking. C. Personal experiences affect decision-making. D. First impressions lead to their false judgment. 14. How do Firth’s quote and the “ferliamated” example support the author’s point? A. They show how context helps word understanding. B. They prove that words can have random meanings. C. They explain why memorizing words isn’t a shortcut. D They demonstrate what dictionaries can’t really clarify. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The link between context and mind. B. The complex nature of context. C. Talk topics within the same context. D. The research value of context. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It isn’t unusual that our life is always accompanied by joys, sorrows and other emotions. ___16___ Thankfully, there are a number of mental health techniques you can use and lifestyle changes you can make to control and overcome these negative feelings. Breathe in deeply to calm yourself. When your emotions emerge, your breathing will often get out of control as well, fueling your feelings of stress and anxiety. Free yourself from these feelings by taking several deep breaths. ___17___ Relax your muscles to relieve physical and mental tension. Do a scan of your body and see where you’re holding your stress, then force yourself to relax that area. Stretch your arms, relax your shoulders, and let the tension out of your legs. ___18___ Releasing physical tension can go a long way towards cooling yourself. Place yourself in a calm, safe place. ___19___ Close your eyes and imagine it, creating as many details as you can, while breathing slowly and evenly. Let out the tension in your body and let the calmness of your safe place quiet your thoughts and emotions. ___20___ Containing or ignoring your emotions will not make them go away. They will resurface later, so it’s important that you let yourself feel your emotions. A. In fact, they are part of our lives. B. Roll your neck and shake out your fingers. C. Give yourself permission to work through the emotion. D. They, in turn, bring about your losing control of your emotions. E. Choose a place, real or imagined, that you find quiet and peaceful. F. However, some can lead to major amounts of suffering when left unchecked. G. If you can, try a purposeful deep breathing technique for the most effective solution. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个连项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While writing report cards five years ago, Jennifer Thiessen was troubled by something. Her third-grade students were being ___21___ on subjects such as math and science, but not on life skills — such as social responsibility and kindness. She mentioned her ___22___ to a fellow teacher at the school, and they ___23___ a plan. They assigned their students a project that had nothing to do with standard school subjects. ___24___, it was centered on ___25___ goodwill. They called it the “Kindness Project”. Students from two separate third-grade classes made cupcakes at home and ___26___ them for $1 during a series of bake sales at the school. They ___27___ about $400 and used the proceeds to purchase small gifts and handed them out to strangers near the school. Many of the gift recipients seemed “caught off guard” ___28___, Thiessen said, though they were all in when the students explained what the ___29___ was about. Some were moved to tears. She decided to make it a(n) ____30____ activity for third-graders at the school. For the past five years, third-grade students at Watson Elementary School ____31____ the Kindness Project every year. Given the ____32____ of the project, the school decided to ____33____ it this year to involve five classes. “It warmed my heart to help others,” Artie Foik, eight, said. The bigger ____34____ of the project, Thiessen said, is the feelings they’ll ____35____ with them as they grow. 21. A. assisted B. evaluated C. encouraged D. tricked 22. A. concerns B. problems C. plans D. interests 23. A. stuck to B. figured out C. applied for D. put off 24. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Moreover 25. A. winning B. enjoying C. spreading D. reporting 26. A. rented B. sold C. used D. saved 27. A. raised B. needed C. borrowed D. wasted 28. A. at times B. above all C. at least D. at first 29. A. project B. investigation C. school D. negotiation 30. A. alternative B. national C. annual D. social 31. A. stimulated B. suspended C. joined D. monitored 32. A. name B. success C. transformation D. duration 33. A. globalize B. finish C. restart D. broaden 34. A. challenge B. problem C. trial D. idea 35. A. inspire B. leave C. carry D. shake 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或使用括号内单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷上的相应位置。 Inside a workshop in Lyon, France, the soft rhythm of weaving (织布) machines fills the air as colorful threads move smoothly. For centuries, silk-making traditions, passed down through generations, ___36___ (shape) Lyon’s identity. In these workshops, skilled workers use silk-screen printing, ___37___ technique originating in China, to layer colors one by one. ___38___ (remarkable), creating a single scarf can involve up to 30 different colors, each requiring its own screen and printing step. This ___39___ (detail) process, demanding steady hands and sharp eyes, ensures that every piece is unique and full of character. Lyon’s connection to silk dates back to ancient times, ___40___ the city became a key gateway for Chinese silk entering Europe. During the Roman Empire, Lyon’s location along the Rhine River made it an important trading center. The ___41___ (arrive) of silk brought significant cultural and economic changes, establishing long-lasting ties between China and France. Even the street designs of Lyon’s Old Town ___42___ (tailor) to protect silk products from wind and rain during transport, showing how silk influenced the city’s development in many ways. Today, Lyon is still celebrated ___43___ a center for silk production, design, and cultural exchange, ___44___ (inspire) many famous fashion houses around the world. Thanks to China’s Belt and Road initiative, new trade routes are bringing fresh ____45____ (opportunity) to Lyon. This renewed partnership continues to weave a future of shared creativity and innovation. 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（共15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的外教Peter决定在英语校报中开设新栏目，“Science Fiction”或“Adversity and Courage”。请你选择其中一个栏目，并给Peter写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由（举例说明）； 3. 设想栏目内容。 注意：1. 写作词数应为100个左右；2. 文中不要出现真实姓名。 Dear Peter, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There comes a time for every family when the parents have to apologize to the child. Mine came recently when my wife and I stayed with our elder son in Los Angeles—our first visit in several years and the longest since he moved west in 2014. A whole week under his roof! “Dad, don’t leave the water running when you brush your teeth,” Nathaniel “advised” on our first night. All right, I figured, this is California, where drought is a concern. But I also got caught pulling extra paper towels to wipe the kitchen table on the second day and was instructed to use the dishcloth, which didn’t seem clean enough. More orders followed. Not to leave my out-of-date walking shoes sitting out, and did I even need such ugly footwear? Don’t wear a neck warmer when walking the dogs in the morning—it will warm up when we get to the park. Why drink so much soda water... At last, on the third day, I got a little bit angry and I wondered how I’d raised such a tyrant (暴君) and even wanted to argue with Nathaniel. I wanted to tell him how rude he was before his mom and I planned to head back on the fourth day. Then I remembered how often I threw the golden rule of parenting at Nathaniel and his sisters and brothers when they were young. “Some day, you’ll have a home of your own and can live however you want,” I’d say. “But now, you’ll have to do as we ask.” Now it was payback time. I remembered getting angry at my own father’s commands when growing up, how he always adjusted my collar or came into my room at dusk to draw the curtains. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Feeling sorry, I walked to Nathaniel immediately. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hugging me tightly in tears, Nathaniel kissed me for my understanding. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$