Unit 1 Happy Holiday 不定代词和复习一般过去时(单元核心语法精练)英语人教版2024八年级上册

2025-10-30
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Unit 1 Happy Holiday
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 一般过去时,不定代词
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-10-30
更新时间 2025-07-24
作者 青&忆
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2025-07-24
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Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心语法精练(1.不定代词 2.复习一般过去时) 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单词拼写 2 二、完成句子 5 三、单项选择 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语法选择 12 题型二 语法填空 12 1. 不定代词 不定代词不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事,可以代替名词或形容词,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1、 普通不定代词 1. some和any 代词 相同点 不同点 例句 some 意为“一些”, 既可修饰/指代可数名词,又可修饰/指代不可数名词。 多用在肯定句中;用于疑问句时表示邀请、请求或者期待得到对方的肯定回答。 Some people are born lucky. 有些人天生运气就比较好。 Would you like some milk in your tea? 你的茶里要加些牛奶吗? any 多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中;用在肯定句中表示“任何一个/任何一些”。 He didn’t buy any gifts. 他没有买任何礼物。 Are there any mistakes in your homework? 你的作业里有错误吗? You can choose any book on the desk. 你可以选择桌子上的任何一本书。 2. each和every 代词 each every 用法 用作形容词或代词,可单独使用 仅作定语,不可单独使用 强调个体 强调整体 指两者或者两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 指三者或者三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 后可加of短语 后不可加of短语 “each/every + 名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式 如:Each student has been given his or her own email address. 每个学生都得到一个自己的电子邮件地址。 We each have different needs and interests. 我们每个人都有不同的需求和兴趣。 Each of the houses was slightly different. 每座房子都稍有不同。 Every day seemed the same to him. 对他来说似乎天天都一样。 I bought a dozen eggs and every one of the eggs was bad. 我买了一打鸡蛋,个个都是坏的。 3. both和all 两者都代替或修饰复数名词。both指“两者……(都)”;all指三者或三者以上,“所有(的),全部”。如: I have two sisters. Both of them/They both live in London. 我有两个姐姐。她们俩都住在伦敦。 All of my classmates enjoyed the party. 我的所有同学都喜欢那次聚会。 4. either和neither 代词 意义及用法 常用短语 例句 either “(两者中)任何一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数 either… or… 或者……或者……;要么……要么…… You can keep one of the photos. Either of them is OK. 你可以保留一张照片。两张里任选一张都可以。 neither “(两者)都不”,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数 neither… nor…既 不……也不…… neither of…两者都不 Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。 Neither of them is playing the violin.  他们两个都没有在拉小提琴。 5. other,the other,others,the others和another 代词 意义 用法 other 另外的 可作定语,常与复数名词连用。 the other ①两者中的另一个②(指一组中)其余的 ①常用于“one… the other…”结构,意为“一个……另一个……”;②the other + 名词复数。 others ①另一些②别人 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),相当于other + 名词复数;some… others…意为“一些……另一些……”。 the others 其余的人或物 特指其余所有的人或物,相当于“the other + 名词复数”。 another 另一个 指三者或者三者以上中的任何一个,another + 名词单数。 如:Are there any other questions?还有其他问题吗? He raised one hand and then the other. 他先举起一只手,然后举起另一只。 Some students like drawing but others don’t. 有些学生喜欢画画,但其他学生不喜欢。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳了,而其他人都去打网球了。 Could you show me another skirt? 你能再给我拿一条裙子看看吗? 6. (a) few和 (a) little,many和much 代词 意义及用法 例句 few 修饰或指代可数名词复数,表否定意义,意为“不多;很少” Very few of his books are worth reading. 他的书值得读的太少了。 a few 修饰或指代可数名词复数,表肯定意义,意为“几个;有些” I’ve seen most of his movies. Only a few are as good as his first one. 他的大部分电影我都看过。只有少数几部能与他的第一部相媲美。 little 修饰或指代不可数名词,表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” I understood little of what he said. 我几乎听不懂他所讲的。 a little 修饰或指代不可数名词,表肯定意义,意为“少量;一些” If you have any spare milk, could you give me a little?你要是有多余的牛奶,给我一些好吗? many 修饰或指代可数名词复数,表示“许多;大量” I can see many stars in the sky. 我能看到天空中有很多星星。 much 修饰或指代不可数名词,表示“许多;大量” We have much homework every day. 我们每天都有许多作业。 复合不定代词 初中阶段常见的复合不定代词有: somebody (某人) anybody(任何人) nobody(没有人) everybody(每人) someone (某人) anyone(任何人) no one(没有人) everyone (每人) something (某事) anything(任何事) nothing (没有东西) everything (每一件事) 其用法如下: 1. 复合不定代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语,不能作定语。在句子中作主语时谓语动词一般用单数。如: Something is wrong with my watch. I’ll have it repaired. 我的手表出毛病了,我要把它修一下。 Several people were passing but nobody offered to help. 有几个人擦肩而过,却没有人主动提供帮助。 2. 当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时放不定代词后。如: Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗? Why didn’t you come? Everybody else was there. 你为什么没来呢?其他所有的人都来了。 2. 复习一般过去时 时态 谓语动词基本形式 例句 一般过去时 be动词的过去式was,were Alan was in Sydney last week. Alan上周在悉尼。 The kids were happy when they heard the good news. 孩子们听到这个好消息很高兴。  行为动词的过去式 Moray watered his flowers this morning. Moray今天早上浇了他的花。 用法: 1. 表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态,常和一段时间 + ago,just now,yesterday,last week/month/year/…,in + 过去的某年,this morning等时间状语连用。如: We went to the City Library last week. 我们上周去了市图书馆。 2. 表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如: He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand anything. 每当我听不懂的时候,他总是花时间给我解释清楚。 3. 在含有since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。如: My uncle has worked in the company since he came to Zhengzhou. 我叔叔自到郑州以来一直在这家公司工作。 4. 有些句子没有明确的表示过去的时间状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态,应用一般过去时。如: —We don’t allow taking photos here! Look at the sign. 这里不允许拍照!看这个指示牌。 —Sorry, I didn’t notice it. 对不起,我没注意到。 一、单词拼写 1.There isn’t a in the classroom. All the students are playing sports at the playground. 2.—You’ve been so quiet today, Tom. Talk to me. Say something. A ! —What am I supposed to say after all this? Just leave me alone! 3.Sally has never read the book, so she knows n about it. 4.You must depend on yourself. If you don’t work hard, n can help you. 5.The nature in the summer season is full of bright colors and (每样事物) around it is flourishing. 6.N is impossible if you believe in yourself. 7.I don’t have anything (其他的) to say. 8.There is (没有新东西) in today’s newspaper. 9.During the summer vacation, there was (没有什么) much to do in the evening. 10.He is not cleverer than (任何人)else, but he succeeded because of his strong will. 11.Could you please come to my office? I have s important to tell you. 12.Jenny wanted to eat (something) when she was ill, so she is thinner. 13.When I graduate from junior high school, I will find s interesting to relax. 14.It’s a secret. Don’t tell (someone) about it. 15. (没有毛病)with my computer. 二、完成句子 1.假期一开始,我们就去某个有趣的地方。 As soon as the vacation starts, we go . 2.任何小事情都值得做好,因为即使最小的行为也可能产生很大的影响。 is worth doing well because even the smallest act can make a big difference. 3.万事开头难。 has a hard . 4.这次经历让我们意识到保护环境需要每个人的努力。 This experience made us realize that protecting the environment requires . 5.并不是每一个人都了解我们目前面临的困境。 knows about the current difficulties we face. 6.你的包里有什么贵重的东西吗? Is there in your bag? 7.刚才他们告诉我们一些重要的事情。 They told us a moment ago. 8.我们家长和老师们将为我们所做的每件好事感到骄傲。(be) Our parents and teachers will always we have done. 9.我想知道这些疾病是否与空气污染有关。 I wonder if these diseases air pollution. 10.他这次来是不是跟明天的会议有关? Does his visit the meeting tomorrow? 2、 单项选择 1.—The best things in life are free. —I couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it. A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything 2.—It’s really a pity that I missed getting a full mark in the English spelling bee. —Take it easy! You should remember that there is ________ perfect in the world. A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 3.—Sarah, you’re wanted on the phone. It’s from Beijing. —You must be kidding. I don’t know ______ in Beijing. A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody 4.— Li Tao came first in the boys’ 200-meter race of the 23rd Sports Meeting. — Great! There is ________ more exciting than the news! A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 5.— Listen! ________ is ringing the doorbell. Would you mind opening the door, Bill? — Of course not, Dad. I will do it right now. A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Anybody D.Nobody 6.—________ came to see you just now. Where have you been? —Sorry, I have been to the library. Who can it be? A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Everybody D.Nobody 7.—I found ________ in the room. Where have they gone? —Oh, they have gone to the sports hall. A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody 8.To keep awake ________ is better than a cup of iced coffee on such a hot afternoon. A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing 9.—Why not stop to have a drink? —Good idea. ________ is better than getting relaxed after working for so long. A.Something B.Everything C.Anything D.Nothing 10.—Jenny,you’re wanted on the phone. It’s from Beijing. —You’re joking. I don’t know _______ in Beijing. A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody 11.—What do you enjoy doing in your free time? —Drawing. ________ is more exciting to see my ideas come to life as I draw. A.Nothing B.Something C.Anything D.Everything 12.We have ________ to do. A.something important B.important something C.anything important D.important anything 13.Tom recommended me a few books, but ________ was to my taste. A.no one B.nothing C.neither D.none 14.—Zhao Xintong won the snooker championship last week! —Great! ________ of his fans missed watching the final match. They were so excited! A.All B.Both C.Neither D.None 15.—Which of these sweaters do you like, Jane? —________. Both colors are too bright. A.Either B.None C.All D.Neither 16.—When will you see the movie “The Wandering Earth”, this afternoon or tonight? —________ is ok. I am free today. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All 17.—Look at the sign “No shouting”. —Sorry. I ________ it. I will not shout any longer. A.didn’t see B.don’t see C.haven’t seen D.wasn’t seeing 18.As a form of art, ice sculpture ________ in 1892. The famous French chef Auguste Escoffier made a fantastic swan out of ice. A.begins B.began C.has begun D.is beginning 19.It has been three years since I last ______ back to my hometown. A.to go B.went C.go D.going 20.The Shenzhou XIX astronauts ________ back to Earth on April 30th, 2025. A.come B.came C.will come D.has come 题型一 语法选择 The sun was shining brightly—a good day for the beach. I 1 in my car when I saw some dolphins lying on the beach. I knew they needed help. I jumped out of my car, took 2 my shoes and ran to the beach. I called the police but they were far away. I didn’t know 3 to help them, so I put a message on the Internet. I hoped someone 4 see it and come to save those lovely animals. Minutes later, three teenage boys came first. “We had better 5 or they will die.” I said. Very soon, more people arrived. We decided 6 the smaller dolphins first. We worked together and 7 moved them back to the deeper water. Then something unusual happened which surprised us all. 8 the smaller dolphins were saved, none of them left. Instead, they stayed in the water and made strange sounds to encourage 9 dolphins. After the rescue work was done, all the dolphins raised their heads from water and swam around to show 10 thanks to us. Then, they swam back to the deep sea. It touched me a lot and my heart was beating fast with 11 . The dolphins had a great sense of helping each other when in trouble. I realized that our volunteer group was just like the dolphins. On such a cold day, 12 cared about getting wet or dirty. Nothing would make us feel 13 than seeing all the dolphins were safe and sound. For me, this is certainly 14 unusual experience. Next time if the same thing 15 , I will do the same. People can always learn from our friends—animals. 1.A.sit B.has sat C.was sitting D.would sit 2.A.off B.on C.out D.up 3.A.how B.why C.what D.when 4.A.must B.should C.may D.could 5.A.hurry B.hurried C.hurrying D.to hurry 6.A.save B.to save C.saving D.saved 7.A.succeeded B.success C.successful D.successfully 8.A.Before B.After C.Whenever D.Until 9.A.another B.the other C.others D.the others 10.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 11.A.excites B.excited C.exciting D.excitement 12.A.anybody B.nobody C.somebody D.everybody 13.A.good B.well C.better D.best 14.A.a B.an C.the D./ 15.A.happens B.happened C.has happened D.will happen 题型二 语法填空 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more young people like traveling with their friends 1 their free time. But Mary traveled to some 2 (city) in China, like Shanghai, Wuhan and Changsha with her old grandma in six or seven years. Mary began to go 3 vacation with her grandma when she was studying at college. Her grandma is outgoing and 4 (friend). She likes new things and making friends. She never thinks she is too old 5 (wear) something fashionable. And she also goes 6 (camp) with Mary and her friends. Once, she joined the girls 7 (watch) the sunrise on the top of the mountain. They even went to 8 music festival together. When Mary was a kid, she 9 (tell) her grandma that she would take her on vacation one day. Several years ago, her grandma broke 10 (she) leg, and she had to use a wheelchair (轮椅). She still would like to go on a trip with her grandma on weekends 11 she really cared about her grandma. Mary’s grandma is 12 (true) happy to spend so much time with Mary. She said that sometimes she 13 (feel) young again. Companionship (陪伴) is not only 14 (importance) for children, but also the best gift for the old. We should spend 15 (much) time with the elder members in our family. 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心语法精练(1.不定代词 2.复习一般过去时) 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单词拼写 2 二、完成句子 5 三、单项选择 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12 题型一 语法选择 12 题型二 语法填空 12 1. 不定代词 不定代词不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事,可以代替名词或形容词,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1、 普通不定代词 1. some和any 代词 相同点 不同点 例句 some 意为“一些”, 既可修饰/指代可数名词,又可修饰/指代不可数名词。 多用在肯定句中;用于疑问句时表示邀请、请求或者期待得到对方的肯定回答。 Some people are born lucky. 有些人天生运气就比较好。 Would you like some milk in your tea? 你的茶里要加些牛奶吗? any 多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中;用在肯定句中表示“任何一个/任何一些”。 He didn’t buy any gifts. 他没有买任何礼物。 Are there any mistakes in your homework? 你的作业里有错误吗? You can choose any book on the desk. 你可以选择桌子上的任何一本书。 2. each和every 代词 each every 用法 用作形容词或代词,可单独使用 仅作定语,不可单独使用 强调个体 强调整体 指两者或者两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 指三者或者三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 后可加of短语 后不可加of短语 “each/every + 名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式 如:Each student has been given his or her own email address. 每个学生都得到一个自己的电子邮件地址。 We each have different needs and interests. 我们每个人都有不同的需求和兴趣。 Each of the houses was slightly different. 每座房子都稍有不同。 Every day seemed the same to him. 对他来说似乎天天都一样。 I bought a dozen eggs and every one of the eggs was bad. 我买了一打鸡蛋,个个都是坏的。 3. both和all 两者都代替或修饰复数名词。both指“两者……(都)”;all指三者或三者以上,“所有(的),全部”。如: I have two sisters. Both of them/They both live in London. 我有两个姐姐。她们俩都住在伦敦。 All of my classmates enjoyed the party. 我的所有同学都喜欢那次聚会。 4. either和neither 代词 意义及用法 常用短语 例句 either “(两者中)任何一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数 either… or… 或者……或者……;要么……要么…… You can keep one of the photos. Either of them is OK. 你可以保留一张照片。两张里任选一张都可以。 neither “(两者)都不”,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数 neither… nor…既 不……也不…… neither of…两者都不 Neither answer is right. 两个答案都不对。 Neither of them is playing the violin.  他们两个都没有在拉小提琴。 5. other,the other,others,the others和another 代词 意义 用法 other 另外的 可作定语,常与复数名词连用。 the other ①两者中的另一个②(指一组中)其余的 ①常用于“one… the other…”结构,意为“一个……另一个……”;②the other + 名词复数。 others ①另一些②别人 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),相当于other + 名词复数;some… others…意为“一些……另一些……”。 the others 其余的人或物 特指其余所有的人或物,相当于“the other + 名词复数”。 another 另一个 指三者或者三者以上中的任何一个,another + 名词单数。 如:Are there any other questions?还有其他问题吗? He raised one hand and then the other. 他先举起一只手,然后举起另一只。 Some students like drawing but others don’t. 有些学生喜欢画画,但其他学生不喜欢。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳了,而其他人都去打网球了。 Could you show me another skirt? 你能再给我拿一条裙子看看吗? 6. (a) few和 (a) little,many和much 代词 意义及用法 例句 few 修饰或指代可数名词复数,表否定意义,意为“不多;很少” Very few of his books are worth reading. 他的书值得读的太少了。 a few 修饰或指代可数名词复数,表肯定意义,意为“几个;有些” I’ve seen most of his movies. Only a few are as good as his first one. 他的大部分电影我都看过。只有少数几部能与他的第一部相媲美。 little 修饰或指代不可数名词,表否定意义,意为“几乎没有” I understood little of what he said. 我几乎听不懂他所讲的。 a little 修饰或指代不可数名词,表肯定意义,意为“少量;一些” If you have any spare milk, could you give me a little?你要是有多余的牛奶,给我一些好吗? many 修饰或指代可数名词复数,表示“许多;大量” I can see many stars in the sky. 我能看到天空中有很多星星。 much 修饰或指代不可数名词,表示“许多;大量” We have much homework every day. 我们每天都有许多作业。 复合不定代词 初中阶段常见的复合不定代词有: somebody (某人) anybody(任何人) nobody(没有人) everybody(每人) someone (某人) anyone(任何人) no one(没有人) everyone (每人) something (某事) anything(任何事) nothing (没有东西) everything (每一件事) 其用法如下: 1. 复合不定代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语,不能作定语。在句子中作主语时谓语动词一般用单数。如: Something is wrong with my watch. I’ll have it repaired. 我的手表出毛病了,我要把它修一下。 Several people were passing but nobody offered to help. 有几个人擦肩而过,却没有人主动提供帮助。 2. 当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时放不定代词后。如: Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗? Why didn’t you come? Everybody else was there. 你为什么没来呢?其他所有的人都来了。 2. 复习一般过去时 时态 谓语动词基本形式 例句 一般过去时 be动词的过去式was,were Alan was in Sydney last week. Alan上周在悉尼。 The kids were happy when they heard the good news. 孩子们听到这个好消息很高兴。  行为动词的过去式 Moray watered his flowers this morning. Moray今天早上浇了他的花。 用法: 1. 表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态,常和一段时间 + ago,just now,yesterday,last week/month/year/…,in + 过去的某年,this morning等时间状语连用。如: We went to the City Library last week. 我们上周去了市图书馆。 2. 表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如: He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand anything. 每当我听不懂的时候,他总是花时间给我解释清楚。 3. 在含有since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时。如: My uncle has worked in the company since he came to Zhengzhou. 我叔叔自到郑州以来一直在这家公司工作。 4. 有些句子没有明确的表示过去的时间状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态,应用一般过去时。如: —We don’t allow taking photos here! Look at the sign. 这里不允许拍照!看这个指示牌。 —Sorry, I didn’t notice it. 对不起,我没注意到。 一、单词拼写 1.There isn’t a in the classroom. All the students are playing sports at the playground. 【答案】(a)nyone 【详解】句意:教室里没有一个人。学生们都正在操场上做运动。根据“All the students are playing sports at the playground”和首字母提示可知,此处是说教室里没有一个人,anyone“任何人”符合语境。故填(a)nyone。 2.—You’ve been so quiet today, Tom. Talk to me. Say something. A ! —What am I supposed to say after all this? Just leave me alone! 【答案】(A)nything 【详解】句意:——你今天很安静,汤姆。跟我说话。说点什么。任何事情都行!——发生了这一切,我该说什么?别烦我!根据“You’ve been so quiet today, Tom. Talk to me. Say something. ...!”可知,让汤姆说什么都行,anything“任何东西”。故填(A)nything。 3.Sally has never read the book, so she knows n about it. 【答案】(n)othing 【详解】句意:萨莉从来没有读过这本书,所以她对它一无所知。结合“Sally has never read the book”和首字母“n”可知,萨莉从来没有读过这本书,所以她对它一无所知,所以“nothing没有什么”符合语境。故填(n)othing。 4.You must depend on yourself. If you don’t work hard, n can help you. 【答案】(n)obody 【详解】句意:你必须依靠你自己。如果你不努力工作,没有人能帮助你。结合“You must depend on yourself.”和首字母“n”可知,此处是指没有人能帮助你;nobody“没有人”,代词,在句中作主语。故填(n)obody。 5.The nature in the summer season is full of bright colors and (每样事物) around it is flourishing. 【答案】everything 【详解】句意:夏天的大自然充满了鲜艳的色彩,周围的一切都欣欣向荣。everything“每样事物”,在句中作主语。故填everything。 6.N is impossible if you believe in yourself. 【答案】(N)othing 【详解】句意:如果你相信自己,没有什么是不可能的。根据“is impossible if you believe in yourself.”以及首字母,nothing“没有什么”符合语境。故填(N)othing。 7.I don’t have anything (其他的) to say. 【答案】else 【详解】句意:我没有其他话要说。else“其他的”,anything else“其他东西,别的东西”。故填else。 8.There is (没有新东西) in today’s newspaper. 【答案】 nothing new 【详解】句意:今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。nothing表示“没有什么”,new“新的”,形容词修饰不定代词需后置。故填nothing;new。 9.During the summer vacation, there was (没有什么) much to do in the evening. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意:暑假期间,晚上没有什么事情可以做的。“没有什么”表达为不定代词“nothing”。故填nothing。 10.He is not cleverer than (任何人)else, but he succeeded because of his strong will. 【答案】anyone 【详解】句意:他并不比其他任何人聪明,但他之所以成功是因为他的坚强的意志。表达“任何人”用复合不定代词anyone。故填anyone。 11.Could you please come to my office? I have s important to tell you. 【答案】(s)omething 【详解】句意:你能来我的办公室吗?我有一些重要的事情告诉你。形容词important后置修饰复合不定代词,结合首字母可知,应用something表示“某些事情”。故填(s)omething。 12.Jenny wanted to eat (something) when she was ill, so she is thinner. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意:珍妮生病时什么都不想吃,所以她瘦了。根据“so she is thinner”可知,珍妮在生病时不想吃东西。something意为“吃的东西”,复合不定代词;nothing意为“没有什么”,复合不定代词。故填nothing。 13.When I graduate from junior high school, I will find s interesting to relax. 【答案】(s)omewhere 【详解】句意:当我初中毕业时,我会找某个有趣的地方放松。结合语境和首字母的提示可知说话人在初中毕业时想去某个有趣的地方,放松一下,所以这里用“somewhere某地”,形容词“interesting有趣的”后置。故填(s)omewhere。 14.It’s a secret. Don’t tell (someone) about it. 【答案】anyone 【详解】句意:它是秘密。不要告诉任何人。someone某人,常用于肯定句,此句是否定句,用anyone表示“任何人”,常用于在否定或疑问句中,故填anyone。 15. (没有毛病)with my computer. 【答案】There’s nothing wrong/Nothing is wrong 【详解】句意:我的电脑没有毛病。固定句型“...没有毛病”为“There’s nothing wrong with…/ Nothing is wrong…”。故填There’s nothing wrong / Nothing is wrong。 二、完成句子 1.假期一开始,我们就去某个有趣的地方。 As soon as the vacation starts, we go . 【答案】 somewhere interesting 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺少“某个有趣的地方”,“某个地方”用不定副词somewhere,“有趣的”用形容词interesting;形容词修饰不定副词时需后置,故填somewhere;interesting。 2.任何小事情都值得做好,因为即使最小的行为也可能产生很大的影响。 is worth doing well because even the smallest act can make a big difference. 【答案】 Anything small 【详解】结合中英文提示可知,此处缺“任何小事情”。anything“任何事”,复合不定代词;small“小的”,形容词,且修饰复合不定代词时形容词需后置,且句首首字母大写。故填Anything;small。 3.万事开头难。 has a hard . 【答案】 Everything beginning 【详解】根据中英文提示可知,“万事开头难”对应的英文表达需要使用固定短语“Everything has a hard beginning.其中“Everything”表示“一切事情”,“beginning”意为“开端,开头” 。故填Everything;beginning。 4.这次经历让我们意识到保护环境需要每个人的努力。 This experience made us realize that protecting the environment requires . 【答案】everyone’s efforts 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“每个人的努力”,everyone“每个人”,此处需名词所有格形式everyone’s,修饰名词effort“努力”,此处为可数名词,在表示“努力”时常用复数形式。故填everyone’s efforts。 5.并不是每一个人都了解我们目前面临的困境。 knows about the current difficulties we face. 【答案】 Not everyone 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处缺“并不是每一个”的英文。Not everyone表示“并非所有人”,为半否定用法。故填Not;everyone。 6.你的包里有什么贵重的东西吗? Is there in your bag? 【答案】anything expensive 【详解】通过中英文句子对照可知,英文句子中需要翻译的部分是“什么贵重的东西”,anything“任何事物”,常用于否定句和疑问句,是不定代词,其定语要后置;expensive“贵重的、昂贵的”,形容词,作后置定语修饰不定代词anything;故填anything expensive。 7.刚才他们告诉我们一些重要的事情。 They told us a moment ago. 【答案】 something important 【详解】根据句意,此处缺少“一些重要的事情”的翻译,something important“一些重要的事情”,形容词作不定代词的后置定语,故填something;important。 8.我们家长和老师们将为我们所做的每件好事感到骄傲。(be) Our parents and teachers will always we have done. 【答案】be proud of everything good 【详解】根据中英文对比可知缺少的是:对每件好事感到骄傲。可用短语:be proud of“以……而骄傲”这里用在will后,be动词用原形;everything good“每件好事”形容词修饰不定代词要后置。故填be proud of everything good 9.我想知道这些疾病是否与空气污染有关。 I wonder if these diseases air pollution. 【答案】have anything to do with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知,这里缺的是“与……有关”,英语中是一个固定短语 have something to do with,表示不确定性用anything, 故填have anything to do with。 10.他这次来是不是跟明天的会议有关? Does his visit the meeting tomorrow? 【答案】have anything to do with/have to do with 【详解】跟……有关have something to do with/have to do sth.;此处是一般疑问句,something改为anything。Does后接谓语动词用原形。故填have anything to do with/have to do with。 2、 单项选择 1.—The best things in life are free. —I couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it. A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——生活中最好的东西是免费的。——我非常同意。空气不需要花费任何东西,但我们没有它就无法生存。考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么、毫不;something某事、某物;anything任何事物;everything一切、所有事物。根据“Air costs...but we can’t live without it.”可知,这里强调空气是免费的,不花费任何代价,所以用“nothing”来表示空气的成本为零。故选A。 2.—It’s really a pity that I missed getting a full mark in the English spelling bee. —Take it easy! You should remember that there is ________ perfect in the world. A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——真遗憾,我错过了英语拼写比赛的满分。——别太在意!你应该记住,世界上没有什么是完美的。考查不定代词辨析。something某事,某物;anything任何事,任何东西;everything一切,所有事物;nothing没什么。根据“You should remember that there is...perfect in the world.”可知,此处表示世界上没有什么是完美的,需用否定含义的代词。故选D。 3.—Sarah, you’re wanted on the phone. It’s from Beijing. —You must be kidding. I don’t know ______ in Beijing. A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——莎拉,有你的电话,是从北京打来的。——你一定在开玩笑,我不认识任何在北京的人。 考查否定句中的不定代词用法。anybody任何人;somebody某人;nobody没有人;everybody每个人。在否定句中表示“任何人”需用anybody。故选A。 4.— Li Tao came first in the boys’ 200-meter race of the 23rd Sports Meeting. — Great! There is ________ more exciting than the news! A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——李涛在第二十三届运动会男子200米赛跑中获得了第一名。——太棒了!没有比这个消息更令人兴奋的了。考查不定代词辨析。something某事,某物;anything任何东西,任何事物;everything每件事物;nothing没有什么。根据语境“Great!”可知,此处表达的是没有比这个消息更令人兴奋的了,所以应该用否定词nothing来表示“没有”,与more exciting构成比较级否定结构,表示最高级的意思。故选D。 5.— Listen! ________ is ringing the doorbell. Would you mind opening the door, Bill? — Of course not, Dad. I will do it right now. A.Everybody B.Somebody C.Anybody D.Nobody 【答案】B 【详解】句意:—— 听!有人在按门铃。比尔,你介意去开下门吗? —— 当然不介意,爸爸。我马上就去。 考查复合不定代词。Everybody所有人;Somebody某个人;Anybody任何人;Nobody没有人。根据“is ringing the doorbell”可知,此处是肯定句,描述某个人在按门铃,身份是不确定的。故选B。 6.—________ came to see you just now. Where have you been? —Sorry, I have been to the library. Who can it be? A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Everybody D.Nobody 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——刚才有人来找你。你去哪儿了?——抱歉,我去图书馆了。会是谁呢? 考查不定代词辨析。Somebody某人,用于肯定句;Anybody任何人,常用于疑问句或否定句;Everybody每个人;Nobody没有人。根据“...came to see you just now. Where have you been?”可知,此处表示刚才有人来找你了。故选A。 7.—I found ________ in the room. Where have they gone? —Oh, they have gone to the sports hall. A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我发现房间里没人。他们去哪儿了?——哦,他们去体育馆了。 考查不定代词辨析。somebody某人;nobody没有人;anybody任何人;everybody每个人。根据“Where have they gone?”可知,房间里没有人,需用否定意义的词。故选B。 8.To keep awake ________ is better than a cup of iced coffee on such a hot afternoon. A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在如此炎热的下午,没有什么比一杯冰咖啡更能让人保持清醒了。 考查不定代词辨析。everything一切事物;something某物;anything任何事物;nothing没有什么。根据“To keep awake…is better than a cup of iced coffee”可知,这里表达“没有什么比冰咖啡更有效”,nothing符合语境。故选D。 9.—Why not stop to have a drink? —Good idea. ________ is better than getting relaxed after working for so long. A.Something B.Everything C.Anything D.Nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——为什么不停下来喝一杯呢?——好主意!在工作这么久之后,没有什么比放松一下更好的了。考查代词辨析。Something某事;Everything每件事;Anything任何事;Nothing没什么事。根据“Good idea!”可知,没什么事比它要好。故选D。 10.—Jenny,you’re wanted on the phone. It’s from Beijing. —You’re joking. I don’t know _______ in Beijing. A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——珍妮,有你的电话。是从北京打来的。——你在开玩笑吧。我在北京不认识任何人。 考查代词辨析。anybody任何人;somebody某人;nobody没有人;everybody每个人。根据句子前后文“You’re joking. I don’t know…”可知,在否定句中,应该使用“anybody”表示“任何人”,表达自己在北京不认识任何人。故选A。 11.—What do you enjoy doing in your free time? —Drawing. ________ is more exciting to see my ideas come to life as I draw. A.Nothing B.Something C.Anything D.Everything 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你空闲时间喜欢做什么?——画画。没有什么比看着我的想法在绘画中变成现实更令人兴奋的了。考查代词辨析。Nothing没有什么; Something某件事; Anything任何事;Everything一切。根据“Drawing…is more exciting to see my ideas come to life as I draw.”可知,作者想表达“没有比画画更令人兴奋的事”,强调绘画带来的独特满足感。“Nothing is more…”是固定句型,表示“没有什么比……更……”。故选A。 12.We have ________ to do. A.something important B.important something C.anything important D.important anything 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们有重要的事情要做。 考查复合不定代词。something important重要的某事物,常用于肯定句中;important something表达错误;anything important重要的任何事物,常用于否定句或疑问句中;important anything表达错误。根据“We have...to do.”可知,此句是肯定句,“something important”符合语境。故选A。 13.Tom recommended me a few books, but ________ was to my taste. A.no one B.nothing C.neither D.none 【答案】D 【详解】句意:Tom推荐给我几本书,但是没有一本对我口味。 考查代词词义辨析。no one没有一个人(仅用于代指人);nothing什么都没有(不限定范围);neither两者都不;none三者或三者以上不。根据“a few books”可知,数量大于2,指的是“没有一个”,且有限定范围。故选D。 14.—Zhao Xintong won the snooker championship last week! —Great! ________ of his fans missed watching the final match. They were so excited! A.All B.Both C.Neither D.None 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——赵心童上周赢得了斯诺克冠军!——太棒了!他的粉丝们没有一个人错过观看决赛。他们太兴奋了!考查代词辨析。All所有,指三者及以上都;Both两者都;Neither两者都不;None三者及以上都不。根据“They were so excited!”可知,粉丝们都没有错过看决赛,且根据“his fans”可知,粉丝人数应该是三人以上,因此用none表示。故选D。 15.—Which of these sweaters do you like, Jane? —________. Both colors are too bright. A.Either B.None C.All D.Neither 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——这些毛衣你喜欢哪一件,Jane?——都不喜欢。两种颜色都太鲜艳了。 考查代词辨析。Either两者中的任何一个;None三者或三者以上都不;All三者或三者以上都;Neither两者都不。根据“Both colors are too bright.”可知,两种颜色都太鲜艳,说明两件毛衣都不喜欢,用Neither最符合语境。故选D。 16.—When will you see the movie “The Wandering Earth”, this afternoon or tonight? —________ is ok. I am free today. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你将在什么时候看《流浪地球》这部电影,今天下午还是今晚?——两个时间中的任意一个都行。我今天有空。考查代词辨析。either(两者中的)任意一个;neither(两者)都不;both(两者)都;all(三者及以上)都。根据“this afternoon or tonight”及“is ok.”可知,表示两者中任意一个都行,为肯定表达。故选A。 17.—Look at the sign “No shouting”. —Sorry. I ________ it. I will not shout any longer. A.didn’t see B.don’t see C.haven’t seen D.wasn’t seeing 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——看那个“不许喊叫”的标志。——对不起,我没看到。我不会再大声喊叫了。 考查动词时态。根据“Sorry”和“will not shout”可知,说话人是在道歉并承诺不再大声喊叫,表明说话人刚才没看到这个标志,属于对过去事实的陈述,应用一般过去时。故选A。 18.As a form of art, ice sculpture ________ in 1892. The famous French chef Auguste Escoffier made a fantastic swan out of ice. A.begins B.began C.has begun D.is beginning 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——作为一种艺术形式,冰雕始于1892年。著名的法国厨师奥古斯特·埃斯科菲耶用冰制作了一只精美的天鹅。    考查动词时态辨析。begins一般现在时;began一般过去时;has begun现在完成时;is beginning现在进行时。根据“As a form of art, ice sculpture ... in 1892.”可知,此处说的是冰雕在1892年开始出现,表示过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,故选B。 19.It has been three years since I last ______ back to my hometown. A.to go B.went C.go D.going 【答案】B 【详解】句意:自从我上次回到家乡已经三年了。 考查动词时态。根据“since + 过去时间点”结构可知,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时,所以空处用动词过去式went。故选B。 20.The Shenzhou XIX astronauts ________ back to Earth on April 30th, 2025. A.come B.came C.will come D.has come 【答案】B 【详解】句意:神舟十九号宇航员于2025年4月30日返回了地球。 考查时态。根据“on April 30th, 2025”可知,该句时态是一般过去时,其构成为主语+动词过去式,此处动词应用过去式形式came。故选B。 题型一 语法选择 The sun was shining brightly—a good day for the beach. I 1 in my car when I saw some dolphins lying on the beach. I knew they needed help. I jumped out of my car, took 2 my shoes and ran to the beach. I called the police but they were far away. I didn’t know 3 to help them, so I put a message on the Internet. I hoped someone 4 see it and come to save those lovely animals. Minutes later, three teenage boys came first. “We had better 5 or they will die.” I said. Very soon, more people arrived. We decided 6 the smaller dolphins first. We worked together and 7 moved them back to the deeper water. Then something unusual happened which surprised us all. 8 the smaller dolphins were saved, none of them left. Instead, they stayed in the water and made strange sounds to encourage 9 dolphins. After the rescue work was done, all the dolphins raised their heads from water and swam around to show 10 thanks to us. Then, they swam back to the deep sea. It touched me a lot and my heart was beating fast with 11 . The dolphins had a great sense of helping each other when in trouble. I realized that our volunteer group was just like the dolphins. On such a cold day, 12 cared about getting wet or dirty. Nothing would make us feel 13 than seeing all the dolphins were safe and sound. For me, this is certainly 14 unusual experience. Next time if the same thing 15 , I will do the same. People can always learn from our friends—animals. 1.A.sit B.has sat C.was sitting D.would sit 2.A.off B.on C.out D.up 3.A.how B.why C.what D.when 4.A.must B.should C.may D.could 5.A.hurry B.hurried C.hurrying D.to hurry 6.A.save B.to save C.saving D.saved 7.A.succeeded B.success C.successful D.successfully 8.A.Before B.After C.Whenever D.Until 9.A.another B.the other C.others D.the others 10.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs 11.A.excites B.excited C.exciting D.excitement 12.A.anybody B.nobody C.somebody D.everybody 13.A.good B.well C.better D.best 14.A.a B.an C.the D./ 15.A.happens B.happened C.has happened D.will happen 【答案】 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.A 【导语】本文讲述作者在沙滩发现搁浅的海豚后,组织救援并见证海豚互助的感人故事,体现了人与动物的温情互动。 1.句意:当我看到一些海豚躺在沙滩上时,我正坐在车里。 sit动词原形;has sat现在完成时;was sitting过去进行时;would sit过去将来时。根据“when I saw…”可知需用过去进行时描述过去某个时刻正在发生的动作。故选C。 2.句意:我跳下车,脱下鞋子,跑向海滩。 off(脱)掉;on穿上;out出去;up向上。根据“took…shoes”搭配,take off表示“脱下”。故选A。 3.句意:我不知道如何帮助它们,所以我在网上发了一条消息。 how如何;why为什么;what什么;when何时。根据“so I put a message on the Internet.”可知不知道如何帮助海豚。故选A。 4.句意:我希望有人能看到它,来拯救这些可爱的动物。 must必须;should应该;may可能;could能够。根据“so I put a message on the Internet. I hoped someone ... see it”可知,希望有人能够看到我发的消息。故选D。 5.句意:我们最好赶快,否则它们会死。 hurry动词原形;hurried过去式、过去分词;hurrying现在分词、动名词;to hurry不定式。had better后接动词原形,表示“最好做某事”。故选A。 6.句意:我们决定先救小海豚。 save动词原形;to save不定式;saving动名词、现在分词;saved过去式、过去分词。decide to do为固定搭配,表示“决定做某事”。故选B。 7.句意:我们一起努力,成功地把它们移回了更深的水域。 succeeded成功,动词;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词;successfully成功地,副词。需副词修饰动词“moved”。故选D。 8.句意:小海豚获救后,没有一只离开。 Before在之前;After在之后;Whenever无论何时;Until直到。根据“which surprised us all.”和逻辑可知,小海豚获救后应是离开,但是并没有。故选B。 9.句意:相反,它们呆在水里,发出奇怪的声音来鼓励其他海豚。 another另一个(泛指);the other(两者中的)另一个,后需加名词;others其他人或物,后不加名词;the others其余全部,后不加名词。特指“其余未被救的海豚”,且空格后有复数名词dolphins。故选B。 10.句意:救援工作完成后,所有的海豚都从水里抬起头来,游来游去,以表示对我们的感谢。 they主格;them宾格;their形容词性物主代词;theirs名词性物主代词。修饰名词“thanks”需用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 11.句意:它触动了我很多,我的心激动得跳得很快。 excites使激动,动词;excited感到激动的,形容词;exciting令人激动的,形容词;excitement激动,名词。with后接名词表伴随。故选D。 12.句意:在这么冷的日子里,没有人在乎被弄湿或弄脏。 anybody任何人;nobody没人;somebody某人;everybody每人。根据“On such a cold day, ... cared about getting wet or dirty.”可知,为了救海豚,没有人在乎弄湿弄脏。故选B。 13.句意:没有什么比看到所有的海豚都安然无恙更让我们感到高兴的了。 good好,形容词;well好,副词原级;better更好,比较级;best最好,最高级。than提示应用比较级。故选C。 14.句意:对我来说,这当然是一次不寻常的经历。 a表示泛指,用于辅音音素前;an表示泛指,用于元音音素前;the表示特指;/零冠词。此处泛指“一次经历”,且“unusual”发音以元音音素/ʌn/开头。故选B。 15.句意:下次如果发生同样的事情,我也会这么做。 happens动词三单;happened过去式;has happened现在完成时;will happen一般将来时。if引导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时。故选A。 题型二 语法填空 阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more young people like traveling with their friends 1 their free time. But Mary traveled to some 2 (city) in China, like Shanghai, Wuhan and Changsha with her old grandma in six or seven years. Mary began to go 3 vacation with her grandma when she was studying at college. Her grandma is outgoing and 4 (friend). She likes new things and making friends. She never thinks she is too old 5 (wear) something fashionable. And she also goes 6 (camp) with Mary and her friends. Once, she joined the girls 7 (watch) the sunrise on the top of the mountain. They even went to 8 music festival together. When Mary was a kid, she 9 (tell) her grandma that she would take her on vacation one day. Several years ago, her grandma broke 10 (she) leg, and she had to use a wheelchair (轮椅). She still would like to go on a trip with her grandma on weekends 11 she really cared about her grandma. Mary’s grandma is 12 (true) happy to spend so much time with Mary. She said that sometimes she 13 (feel) young again. Companionship (陪伴) is not only 14 (importance) for children, but also the best gift for the old. We should spend 15 (much) time with the elder members in our family. 【答案】 1.in 2.cities 3.on 4.friendly 5.to wear 6.camping 7.to watch 8.a 9.told 10.her 11.because 12.truly 13.felt 14.important 15.more 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了玛丽坚持陪伴奶奶旅行,实现童年承诺的温馨故事。 1.句意:越来越多的年轻人喜欢在空闲时间和朋友一起旅行。in one’s free time“在某人的空闲时间”,为固定短语。故填in。 2.句意:但玛丽在六七年里带着年迈的奶奶去了中国的一些城市,如上海、武汉和长沙。“some”修饰可数名词的复数形式,city的复数形式为cities。故填cities。 3.句意:玛丽上大学时就开始和奶奶一起去度假。go on vacation“去度假”,为固定短语。故填on。 4.句意:她的奶奶性格外向且友善。根据“and”可知,此处与“outgoing”并列,应用形容词friendly“友好的”描述奶奶的性格特征。故填friendly。 5.句意:她从不认为自己年纪太大而不能穿时髦的衣服。“too+形容词+to do sth.”结构表示“太……而不能……”。故填to wear。 6.句意:她还和玛丽及朋友们一起去露营。go camping“去露营”,为固定短语。故填camping。 7.句意:有一次,她和女孩们一起在山顶上看日出。根据“she joined the girls...the sunrise”可知,她加入女孩们是为了看日出,此处应用不定式to watch作目的状语。故填to watch。 8.句意:他们甚至一起参加了一个音乐节。此处泛指“一个音乐节”,且“music”以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9.句意:当玛丽还是个孩子的时候,她告诉她奶奶有一天要带她去度假。根据“When Mary was a kid”可知,讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式told。故填told。 10.句意:几年前,她的奶奶摔断了腿,她不得不使用轮椅。修饰名词“leg”应用形容词性物主代词her“她的”。故填her。 11.句意:她仍然愿意在周末和她的奶奶去旅行,因为她真的很关心她的奶奶。前后句是因果关系,前果后因,应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 12.句意:玛丽的奶奶非常高兴能和玛丽共度这么多时光。修饰形容词“happy”应用副词truly“真正地”。故填truly。 13.句意:她说有时她觉得自己又年轻了。主句“She said”为一般过去时,that引导的宾语从句应用相应的过去时态,此处用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式felt。故填felt。 14.句意:陪伴不仅对孩子很重要,也是给老人最好的礼物。be动词后接形容词作表语,importance的形容词形式为important“重要的”。故填important。 15.句意:我们应该花更多的时间和家里的长辈在一起。根据“We should spend...time with the elder members in our family.”可知,此处的建议和平常的情况对比,应用比较级more“更多的”作定语。故填more。 1 / 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 1 Happy Holiday 不定代词和复习一般过去时(单元核心语法精练)英语人教版2024八年级上册
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Unit 1 Happy Holiday 不定代词和复习一般过去时(单元核心语法精练)英语人教版2024八年级上册
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Unit 1 Happy Holiday 不定代词和复习一般过去时(单元核心语法精练)英语人教版2024八年级上册
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