06 语法填空(动词)-2025年高一暑假作业（语法填空）

06语法填空(动词)——2025年高一暑假作业 一. 动词的时态： 1. 一般现在时 (1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作、客观真理、目前的特征、状态、能力等；b. 主句是一般将来时(一般现在时、祈使句、含情态动词)，则时间或条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。 (2) 一般现在时的谓语动词通常用原形，如果主语为单数第三人称，那么谓语动词要用第三a. 人称、sh、ch结尾的动词加-es；c. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i，再加-es；以元音字母单数形式。动词第三人称单数形式的构成：a. 一般在动词末尾加-s。help—helps；b. 以s、x加y结尾的动词，直接加s。不规则变化：go—goes；do—does；have—has。 (3) 与一般现在时连用的时间状语：everyday，once a week，often，usually，sometimes，always等。 【专项训练】 1. Summer _____(follow) spring. 【解析】考查一般现在时。句意：夏季紧随春季之后。客观规律，所以用一般现在时，且主语是Summer，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填follows。 2. If he _____(not come) on time, we won’t wait for him. 【解析】考查时态。句意：如果他不能按时到达，我们就不会等他了。if引导的条件句，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，且从句主语是单数第三人称。故填doesn’t come。 3. This cycle _____ (go) day after day：the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种循环每天都在重复：墙壁在白天会变热，在夜间则会变凉。这里在描述一个自然规律，句子用一般现在时，且主语是单数名词cycle。故填goes。 4. Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, ____(be) carefully prepared according to local customs. 【解析】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：茶是中国人以及许多其他国家人民喜爱的饮品，其制作方式也遵循着当地的习俗。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用.一般现在时，且主语是Tea，不可数名词。故填is。 5. Luckily I checked my e-mails yesterday. Normally I _____(not open) my e-mail box for days. 【解析】考查时态。句意：幸运的是，我昨天查看了邮件。通常我一连好几天都不会打开邮箱。根据Normally 可知，这里在描述经常性、习惯性的动作，句子用一般现在说。故填don’t open。 【答案】follows doesn’t come goes is don’t open 2. 一般过去时： (1) 表示过去的动作或状态； (2)和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year，yesterday，two years ago，in 2024等； (3)动词用过去式：+-ed。规则动词过去式的构成： a. 一般在动词后面直接加-ed。ask—asked； b. 以不发音的字母e结尾，直接加-d。like—liked； c. 以辅音字母+y结尾，把y变成i，再加ed。carry—carried；以元音字母+y结尾，直接加ed。destroy—destroyed。 不规则动词过去式：be—was/were；see—saw；take—took等。特别注意：picnic(野餐)—picnicked—picnicking；panic(惊慌)—panicked—panicking。 【专项训练】 1. It was raining lightly when I _____ (arrive ) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 【解析】句意：我黎明前抵达阳朔时，天空正下着小雨。描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填arrived。 2. He _____ (stare) at the photos on the wall and started to think. 【解析】句意：他凝视着墙上的照片，陷入了沉思。根据and started可知，该句是并列的一般过去时态的谓语动词。故填stared。 3. The US ______ (establish) diplomatic relations with China in 1979. 【解析】句意：美国于 1979 年与中国建立了外交关系。根据时间状语in 1979可知，句子用一般过去时态。故填established。 4. What _____(do) you do during the last summer vacation? 【解析】句意：你上个暑假都做了些什么？根据during the last summer vacation可知，句子是一般过去时态，且该句是特殊疑问句，所以用助动词did帮助构成问句。故填did。 5. There _____(be) no buses, so we had to walk home. 【解析】句意：没有公交车，所以我们只好步行回家。根据so后面分句的时态we had to walk home可知，so前面分句也用一般过去时态，前面分句的主语是 buses，复数形式。故填were。 【答案】arrived stared established did were 3. 现在完成时： (1) a. 过去发生的动作，对现在造成了影响或结果，与现在有联系；b. 过去发生的动作或状态持续到现在，也许还将继续下去； (2) 与现在完成时连用的时间状语：since(自从……以来)、so far(到目前为止)、by now、up to now、till/until now(到目前为止)、in/over/during the last/past few years(在最近的几年里)、in recent years(在最近的几年里)、lately(最近)等； (3)现在完成时态的构成：have/has been +过去分词；规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式一样； (4) have/has been (to) 表示“曾经去过某地”；have/has gone (to) 表示“去某地了”。 【专项训练】 1. The museum _____ (become) a hit since it opened at the end of October. 【解析】句意：自 10 月底开馆以来，这家博物馆就大受欢迎。句中since是连词，意为“自从……以来”，引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时态，此处主语是单数名词The museum，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。 2. In the past 50 years or so, scientists _____(be) able to “see”farther and farther into the sky. 【解析】句意：在过去大约 50 年的时间里，科学家们已经能够越来越深入地观测天空。根据时间状语In the past 50 years or so可知，句子用现在完成时，且主语是复数名词scientists。故填have been。 3. It is the fourth time that Tom _____(fail) in the math exams. 【解析】句意：这是汤姆第四次在数学考试中不及格了。固定句型：It is the first(second...) time that 主语+现在完成时+其他。that从句的主语是Tom，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has failed。 4. I _____ (come) to understand him better over the years. 【解析】句意：随着时间的推移，我对他的了解越来越深入了。根据时间状语 over the years可知，句子用现在完成时，且主语是I，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have come。 5. Medical science ______(make) amazing progress in recent decades. 【解析】句意：近几十年来，医学科学取得了令人瞩目的进步。根据时间状语in recent decades可知，句子用现在完成时，且主语是不可数名词 science。故填has made。 【答案】has become have been has failed have come has made 4. 过去完成时： (1) 表示过去的某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”； (2) 过去完成时的构成：助动词had+过去分词； (3) 和过去完成时连用的时间状语：by the end of +过去的时间；by the time。 By the end of last term we had learned ten English songs.(在上学期结束时，我们已经学完了十首英文歌曲。) When I got there, the train had left.(当我赶到那里时，火车已经开走了。) 5. 现在进行时： (1) 表示目前正在发生的动作； (2)现在进行时的构成：be(am/is /are)+现在分词； (3) 现在分词的构成：a. 一般在动词末尾直接加-ing；b. 以不发音字母e结尾，把e去掉再加-ing；c. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing。特别注意：picnic—picnicking；panic—panicking。 Look! They are playing football.(看！他们正在踢足球。) Listen! Who is singing?(听！是谁在唱歌？) 6. 过去进行时： (1) 表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作； (2) 过去进行时的构成：was/were +现在分词。 It was raining heavily when I left the cinema.(我离开电影院的时候，雨下得正大。) I was helping my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday.(昨天一整天我都在厨房里帮着母亲做事。) 7. 一般将来时： (1) 表示从目前看将要发生的动作； (2) 一般将来时的构成：will/shall+动词原形；be going to do；be to do(表示有计划有安排的事情)；come/go/leave/fly等的进行时也可表示将来。 8. 过去将来时： (1) 表示从过去某一时候看将要发生的动作； (2) 过去将来时的构成：would+动词原形；be going to do；be to do(表示有计划有安排的事情)；come/go/leave/fly等的进行时也可表示将来。 二. 动词的语态 动词的被动语态：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词过去分词+(be+动作执行者)”构成，其中助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。by+执行者，表示“被……”，强调动作的执行者，by短语可以省略。 1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 2. 一般过去时态的被动语态：was/were+及物动词的过去分词 3. 现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+being+ 及物动词的过去分词 4. 过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+being+及物动词的过去分词 5. 一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall be +及物动词的过去分词；be going to be done 6. 过去将来时的被动语态：would be +及物动词的过去分词；be going to be done 7. 现在完成时的被动语态：助动词have/has +been+及物动词的过去分词 8. 过去完成时的被动语态：助动词had +been+及物动词的过去分词 9. 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 【专项训练】 1. Rice ____(grow) in South China. 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：水稻产于中国南方。这里在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语rice是不可数名词，与谓语动词grow之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is grown。 2. The glass _____(break) yesterday. 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：玻璃杯昨天被打碎了。句子主语The glass是单数名词，和谓语动词break之间是被动关系，再根据时间状语yesterday可知，句子用一般过去时态的被动语态。故填was broken。 3. The project _____(carry) out now. 【解析】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：该项目正在实施当中。句子主语The project是单数名词，和谓语动词carry之间是被动关系，再根据now可知，句子用现在进行时的被动语态。故填 is being carried。 4. The cars ____(send) abroad by sea soon. 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：这些汽车很快就会通过海运运往国外。句子主语The cars和谓语动词send之间是被动关系，再根据soon可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be sent。 5. This novel _____(translate) into several languages so far. 【解析】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：这部小说到目前为止已经被翻译成了好几种语言。句子主语This novel和谓语动词translate之间是被动关系，再根据so far可知，句子用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been translated。 6. Wood can _____(make) into paper. 【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：木材可以被制成纸张。情态动词后面跟动词原形，且句子主语wood和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，是含情态动词的被动语态。故填be made。 7. The debt must _____(pay) off before next month. 【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：这笔债务必须在下个月之前还清。情态动词后面跟动词原形，且句子主语The debt和谓语动词pay之间是被动关系，是含情态动词的被动语态。故填be paid。 8. Whistling by listeners _____(regard) as a sign of approval in some countries. 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：在某些国家，听众听到吹口哨的声音会被视为一种认可的表示。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且句子主语和谓语动词regard之间是被动关系，再根据as a sign of approval in some countries可知，句子是一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is regarded。 三. 单句语法填空精讲 1. He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. 【解析】考查过去进行时。句意：他假装那只老虎玩具是真实的，并给它赋予了声音。由“and giving”可确定，用过去进行时，构成并列谓语。故填was pretending。 2. Where men control the household, less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorer health for children. 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在男性掌控家庭的情况下，用于医疗保健和食品方面的支出会减少，这会导致儿童健康状况恶化。money与spend之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态，从句时态提示应用一般现在时。故填is spent。 3. One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has run out of salt. 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：一天，尼克邀请他的朋友们来家里吃晚饭。他正在厨房里烹饪一些美味的食物。突然，他发现盐已经用完了。主格代词he后应为谓语动词，由语境One day和“invited”可知，用一般过去时。故填found。 4. He walked in as if he ____ (buy) the school. 【解析】考查虚拟语气及时态。句意：他走进来的时候，仿佛就是这所学校的主人一般。在主格人称代词he后，显然是作谓语；又因他不可能买下了这个学校，应用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反。故填had bought。 5. One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen .Suddenly, he _______ (find)that he had run out of salt. 【解析】 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：他突然发现他没有盐了。此处缺谓语，再根据本文为讲述一个故事，这里谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填found。 6. It was raining lightly when I ________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：天亮之前“我”到了阳朔，当时天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。故填arrived。 7. Yangshuo ________(be) really beautiful. 【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。此句缺少谓语动词，这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时。故填is。 8. A boy on a bike ____(catch) my attention. 【解析】考查一般过去时态。句意：一个骑着自行车的男孩引起了我的注意。这里在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填caught。 9. It ____(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：谁能想到这竟然还能被清理干净呢？句子描述过去发生事情，句子用一般过去时。故填was。 10. Then the driver stood up and asked，“__68__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” 【解析】考查一般疑问句。句意：随后，司机站起身来问道：“在上一站有人遗落了手提箱吗？”本句是直接引语，是一个一般疑问句。因为询问的是过去发生的事情，所以使用助动词did。故填Did。 11. This cycle ________ (go) day after day. 【解析】考查一般现在时。句意：这种循环日复一日地持续着。此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去。The cycle的谓语动词用单数，且为一般现在时。故填goes。 12. Be patient！Tai Chi ____(call) “shadow boxing” in English. 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：太极在英语中被称为是shadow boxing。这里在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语Tai Chi和call之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动。故填is called。 四. 优秀语法填空精选 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Unexpected Kindness Of A Stranger Yesterday, as I approached the front door of our public library, a white-haired gentleman stepped back to hold the door for me. You see, I have to go everywhere these days with a walker, and folks are ______56____ (constant) holding or opening doors for me, so this was not unusual. However, I told the gentleman that the door had ____57____ automatic opener, and he did not need to stay to hold it open. He said “Here I thought I would have an opportunity to be _____58____ (help).” At that, I backed up, let the door close, and allowed him to reopen the door, not _____59____ (use) the automatic control this time. His comment then was “Well, now I feel like that I _____60____ (accomplish) something helpful and worthwhile today.” We never know _____61____ someone else is feeling. We seniors seem to feel we can take care of _____62____ at all times. That random act of kindness brightened not only my day, but _____63____ my joy and delight, also the day of that white-haired senior citizen. I felt a glow for the rest of the day, and, hopefully, so did he! So, gentle readers, never hesitate _____64____ (offer) kindness. You may find to your _____65____ (amaze) that there is more kindness in your community than you ever believe possible. 【解析】 56. 考查副词。句意：你知道，这些天我无论去哪儿都得拄着拐杖，所以人们总是会为我开门或扶我过门，所以这种情况对我来说并不稀奇。修饰动词hold和open，用副词。故填constantly。 57. 考查冠词。句意：不过，我向那位先生说明，这扇门装有自动开合装置，所以他无需留下来一直把门撑开着。此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且automatic以元音音素开头。故填an。 58. 考查形容词。句意：我原以为自己会有机会帮上忙的。be动词后面用形容词作表语，意为“乐于助人的，修饰系动词，用形容词”。故填helpful。 59. 考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这话，我退后了几步，让门自行关上，然后让他自己重新打开门，这次没有使用自动控制装置。非谓语动词use与主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填using。 60. 考查动词时态。句意：嗯，现在我觉得自己今天确实完成了些有益且有价值的事情。我在之前完成了这个动作并且对现在有影响，所以用现在完成时。故填have accomplished。 61. 考查宾语从句。句意：我们从不知道别人的感觉。how引导宾语从句，在从句中作连系动词feel的表语。故填how。 62. 考查代词。句意：我们觉得我们能够时时刻刻照顾好自己。与主语we保持人称的一致，所以用ourselves。故填ourselves。 63. 考查介词。句意：那一次不经意的善举不仅让我这一天的心情变得愉快起来，而且令那位白发苍苍的老人也感受到了快乐和喜悦。固定用法：to my joy and delight“使某人开心的是”。故填is。 64. 考查动词不定式。句意：所以，亲爱的读者们，切莫犹豫，要勇于施予善意。hesitate to do sth“犹豫做某事”，用动词不定式作宾语。故填to offer。 65. 考查名词。句意：你可能会惊讶地发现，你所在的社区其实蕴含着远超你想象的善良之物。your后接名词。故填amazement。 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的的正确形式。 Night after night, she came to tuck me in (盖被子), even long after my childhood years. ___56___ (follow) her longstanding custom, she’d lean down and push my long hair out of the way, then kiss my forehead. I don’t remember 57 it first started annoying me — her hands pushing my hair that way. Finally, one night, I shouted out at her, “Don’t do that anymore — your hands are too rough!” She didn’t say 58 in reply. But never again 59 my mother close out (结束) my day ____60 that familiar expression of her love. Time after time, with the passing years, my 61 (think) returned to that night. By then I missed my mother’s hands, — missed her goodnight kiss on my forehead. Now those hands I once thought to be so rough were still doing things for me and my family. I 62 (frequent) recalled the night my young voice complained. One night, catching Mom’s hand in hand, I blurted out how sorry I was for that night. I thought she’d remember as I did. But Mom didn’t know what I 63 (talk) about. She had forgotten — and forgiven — long ago. That night, I fell asleep with a new 64 (appreciate) for my gentle mother and ___65___ caring hands. And the guilt that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述母亲的双手给作者带来无私的母爱的故事。那双手已经不再温柔，甚至有些粗糙，但那双手依然给作者带来温暖，母爱永远难以割断。 56. 考查现在分词。句意：按照她一贯的习惯，她会弯下身子，把我的长发拨开，然后亲吻我的额头。句子主语she和非谓语动词follow之间是主动关系，是现在分词作状语。故填Following。 57. 考查宾语从句。句意：我不记得什么时候它开始让我生气了。此处用when引导宾语从句。故填when。 58. 考查不定代词。句意：她什么也没有说。not anything=nothing。故填anything。 59. 考查部分倒装。句意：但此后再也没能见到母亲用那熟悉的、饱含爱意的表情来结束我的一天了。never是否定词，放在句首，这句话使用部分倒装，根据谓语close out可知用助动词，和上下文一致用一般过去时。故填did。 60. 考查介词。句意：但此后再也没能见到母亲用那熟悉的、饱含爱意的表情来结束我的一天了。此处用介词with表示“带着，具有，用”。故填with。 61. 考查名词复数。句意：我的思绪回到那个夜晚。这里是主语用名词，这里强调思绪万千，thought用复数。故填thoughts。 62. 考查副词。句意：我常常回想起那个夜晚，那时我稚嫩的嗓音在抱怨着什么。修饰动词recalled用副词。故填frequently。 63. 考查动词时态。句意：妈妈不知道我在说什么。这里强调过去正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故填was talking。 64. 考查名词。句意：那天晚上，我带着一种全新的感受入睡了，那就是对慈爱的母亲以及她那充满关爱的手有了更深的体会。冠词后面接名词。故填appreciation。 65. 考查代词。句意：那天晚上，我带着一种全新的感受入睡了，那就是对慈爱的母亲以及她那充满关爱的手有了更深的体会。这里指代“妈妈关爱的手”，用形容词性物主代词。故填her。 3 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.It__1__(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it__2__(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of__3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t changed in a few days__4__even a few months. It took years of work__5__(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is__6__(clean)than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit__7__ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are__8__(amaze)stories of instant transformation, for most of us the__9__(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be__10__(patience)． 【解析】 1.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：很难想象它会被清理干净。根据上文中的In 1969，可知此处描述过去的事情，句子用一般过去时；句子主语it是第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词应用be的过去式was。故答案为was。 2.考查副词修饰动词。句意：这条河污染得很厉害，以致于起火燃烧。该词在句中说明谓语动词的情况，用副词来修饰，所给词actual是形容词，其副词是actually。故答案为actually。 3.考查定冠词的用法。句意：多年后的今天，这条河成为环境净化最杰出的例子之一。句中one of the most...是“最……之一”的意思，是形容词的最高级形式，形容词最高级前加the。故答案为the。 4.考查并列连词。句意：但这条河在几天甚至几个月里都没有改变。此处a few days和even a few months是两个并列的时间短语，用or表示选择关系，意思是“几天或者甚至几个月”。 故答案为or。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：人们花了多年的时间来减少工业污染和清洁水源。根据句型it takes some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，可知该句型中it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故答案为 to reduce。 6.考查形容词比较级。句意：最后，辛勤的工作得到了回报，现在河里的水比以前更干净了。根据空格后面的than，可知此处表示比较意义，用形容词比较级。故答案为cleaner。 7.考查定语从句引导词。句意：也许你有一个让你的家人抓狂的习惯。此处a habit是先行词，指物，在后面的句子中作主语，所以这里是用which或that引导的定语从句。故答案为which或that。 8.考查形容词作定语。句意：虽然有瞬间转变的惊人故事，但对我们大多数人来说，这种改变是渐进的，需要大量的努力和工作，就像清理被污染的河流一样。该空后面是名词复数stories，由形容词修饰，所给词amaze是动词，其形容词amazing“令人惊讶的”符合语境。 故答案为amazing。 9.changes 考查名词复数。句意：虽然有瞬间转变的惊人故事，但对我们大多数人来说，这种改变是渐进的，需要大量的努力和工作，就像清理被污染的河流一样。变化是缓慢的，需要付出努力和工作，由后面的谓语动词are可判断此处change是名词，且用其复数形式作主语。故答案为changes。 10.patient 考查形容词作表语。句意：要有耐心。该句是祈使句，be动词后面用形容词作表语，所给词patience是名词，其形容词是patient。故答案为patient。 4 One morning I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh, dear! It’s __9__ (I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another. 【解析】 1.being考查动名词作宾语。句意：一天早上，我在公共汽车站等车，担心上学迟到。句中about是介词，所以其后面的动词用动名词作宾语。故答案为being。 2.and考查并列连词。句意：有许多人在公共汽车站等车，他们中的一些人看起来非常焦虑和失望。该空连接上一句和本句，而这两个分句只起承上启下的作用，没有转折、因果、让步等含义，只是并列的递进关系。故答案为and。 3.disappointed考查情感形容词作表语。句意：有许多人在公共汽车站等车，他们中的一些人看起来非常焦虑和失望。句中look是连系动词，意思是“看起来”，后面用形容词作表语；该空所给词disappoint“使失望”是动词，与句子主语some of them之间是被动关系，所以这里用过去分词转化而成的情感形容词disappointed“感到失望的”，与and前面的形容词anxious构成并列关系。故答案为disappointed。 4.to考查介词短语搭配。句意：我找了个靠窗的地方，所以我能清楚地看到人行道。与next搭配的介词是to，next to意思为“贴近，紧挨着”。故答案为to。 5.caught考查动词时态。句意：一个骑自行车的男孩引起了我的注意。全文是以one morning为主线，所以句子用应该用一般过去时态，所给词catch为不规则动词，其过去式为caught。故答案为caught。 6.to stop考查非谓语动词。句意：我听到我后面的一个乘客向司机大喊大叫，但他拒绝停车，直到我们到达下一站。动词refuse的宾语如果是动词，则必须用不定式，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”，此处所给词stop是动词。故答案为to stop。 7.riding考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩仍然继续骑马。动词keep后面如果是动词，则要用动名词作宾语，所给词ride是以不发音的e结尾的词，要去e再加ing。故答案为riding。 8.Did考查助动词。句意：这时司机站起来问道:“有人在上一站丢了手提箱吗?”根据at the last stop的提示，可知这里指过去发生的事情，句子是疑问的口气，所以该空应该用一般疑问句对行为动词提问的助动词did，且助动词位于句子开头，所以要用大写。故答案为Did。 9.me或者mine考查人称代词或者名词性的物主代词。句意：丢手提箱的那个人是我，或者那是我的（手提箱）。由前面问句里的anyone一词得知，it可以指代“丢手提箱的人”，用“It’s me.”回答；it也可指代“手提箱”，所以用“It’s mine.”故答案为me或者mine。 10.suddenly考查副词。句意：公共汽车上的每个人都开始谈论这个男孩所做的事，这群陌生人突然变得彼此友好起来。空格后面became是动词，由副词修饰，所给词sudden是形容词，其副词是suddenly。故答案为suddenly。（副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、整个句子等）。 5 A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ____1____water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to the elder _______2____ had been his teacher .After a four-day journey, the young man_____3___. (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink,smiled____4_____ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home____5______a happy heart. After the student left, the teacher let __6___student taste the water. He spit it out, __7___ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ___8____?” The teacher replied,” You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ___9___ (sweet).” We understand this lesson best ____10___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing. 【解析】 1. The 考查定冠词。句意一个年轻人在穿越沙漠时，偶然发现一股清泉。水是甜的。根据上句中的·a spring of clear water，可知，此处“特指”这股清泉里的水，所以用定冠词the，且位于句子开头，首字母用大写。故答案为The。 2. who考查定语从句关系代词。句意：他装满了他的皮容器，这样他就可以带一些回去给曾经是他老师的长辈。此处elder作先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语，也缺少引导词，所以这里是who/that引导的定语从句，先行词指人时最好用who。故答案为who。 3. presented 考动词时态。句意：经过四天的跋涉，年轻人把水献给了老人。这里在讲述一件过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故答案为presented。 4. warmly考词副词。句意：他的老师深深地喝了一口，热情地笑了笑，非常感谢他的学生给了这么甜的水。空前的smiled是动词，由副词修饰，所给词warm是形容词，其副词是warmly。故答案为warmly。 5. with考查介词。句意：开开心心地回家了。介词with的意思是“具有，带有，和......一起”，with a happy heart的意思是“带着一个快乐的心”。故答案为with。 6. another 考查不定代词。句意：学生离开后，老师让另一个学生品尝水。根据After the student left，可知，此处指老师让“另一个”学生品尝水。这里不知有多少学生，所以“泛指”另一个学生，应该用不定冠词another。故答案为another。 7. saying考非谓语动词。句意：他一口吐了出来，说太难喝了。句中spit是谓语动词，逗号后面的say是非谓语动词，且say和句子主语He之间是主动关系，所以这里是现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为saying。 8. It 考查it的用法。句意：先生，水太难喝了。你为什么要假装喜欢它?该空指的就是上文的the water，water是不可数名词，且是同类同物，所以用人称代词it替代。故答案为it。 9. sweeter 考查形容词比较级。句意：没有比这更甜的水了，这是最甜的水。否定词no/nothing/never等与比较级连用，表达最高级的意思。句中Nothing是否定词，所以所给词sweet要用比较级。故答案为sweeter。 10. when 考查时间状语从句。句意：当我们从孩子们那里收到爱的礼物时，我们最能理解这一课。此处是when引导的时间状语从句。故答案为when。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 06语法填空(动词)——2025年高一暑假作业 一. 动词的时态： 1. 一般现在时 (1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作、客观真理、目前的特征、状态、能力等；b. 主句是一般将来时(一般现在时、祈使句、含情态动词)，则时间或条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。 (2) 一般现在时的谓语动词通常用原形，如果主语为单数第三人称，那么谓语动词要用第三a. 人称、sh、ch结尾的动词加-es；c. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i，再加-es；以元音字母单数形式。动词第三人称单数形式的构成：a. 一般在动词末尾加-s。help—helps；b. 以s、x加y结尾的动词，直接加s。不规则变化：go—goes；do—does；have—has。 (3) 与一般现在时连用的时间状语：everyday，once a week，often，usually，sometimes，always等。 【专项训练】 1. Summer _____(follow) spring. 2. If he _____(not come) on time, we won’t wait for him. 3. This cycle _____ (go) day after day：the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night. 4. Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, ____(be) carefully prepared according to local customs. 5. Luckily I checked my e-mails yesterday. Normally I _____(not open) my e-mail box for days. 2. 一般过去时： (1) 表示过去的动作或状态； (2)和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year，yesterday，two years ago，in 2024等； (3)动词用过去式：+-ed。规则动词过去式的构成： a. 一般在动词后面直接加-ed。ask—asked； b. 以不发音的字母e结尾，直接加-d。like—liked； c. 以辅音字母+y结尾，把y变成i，再加ed。carry—carried；以元音字母+y结尾，直接加ed。destroy—destroyed。 不规则动词过去式：be—was/were；see—saw；take—took等。特别注意：picnic(野餐)—picnicked—picnicking；panic(惊慌)—panicked—panicking。 【专项训练】 1. It was raining lightly when I _____ (arrive ) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 2. He _____ (stare) at the photos on the wall and started to think. 3. The US ______ (establish) diplomatic relations with China in 1979. 4. What _____(do) you do during the last summer vacation? 5. There _____(be) no buses, so we had to walk home. 3. 现在完成时： (1) a. 过去发生的动作，对现在造成了影响或结果，与现在有联系；b. 过去发生的动作或状态持续到现在，也许还将继续下去； (2) 与现在完成时连用的时间状语：since(自从……以来)、so far(到目前为止)、by now、up to now、till/until now(到目前为止)、in/over/during the last/past few years(在最近的几年里)、in recent years(在最近的几年里)、lately(最近)等； (3)现在完成时态的构成：have/has been +过去分词；规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式一样； (4) have/has been (to) 表示“曾经去过某地”；have/has gone (to) 表示“去某地了”。 【专项训练】 1. The museum _____ (become) a hit since it opened at the end of October. 2. In the past 50 years or so, scientists _____(be) able to “see”farther and farther into the sky. 3. It is the fourth time that Tom _____(fail) in the math exams. 4. I _____ (come) to understand him better over the years. 5. Medical science ______(make) amazing progress in recent decades. 4. 过去完成时： (1) 表示过去的某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”； (2) 过去完成时的构成：助动词had+过去分词； (3) 和过去完成时连用的时间状语：by the end of +过去的时间；by the time。 By the end of last term we had learned ten English songs.(在上学期结束时，我们已经学完了十首英文歌曲。) When I got there, the train had left.(当我赶到那里时，火车已经开走了。) 5. 现在进行时： (1) 表示目前正在发生的动作； (2)现在进行时的构成：be(am/is /are)+现在分词； (3) 现在分词的构成：a. 一般在动词末尾直接加-ing；b. 以不发音字母e结尾，把e去掉再加-ing；c. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing。特别注意：picnic—picnicking；panic—panicking。 Look! They are playing football.(看！他们正在踢足球。) Listen! Who is singing?(听！是谁在唱歌？) 6. 过去进行时： (1) 表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作； (2) 过去进行时的构成：was/were +现在分词。 It was raining heavily when I left the cinema.(我离开电影院的时候，雨下得正大。) I was helping my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday.(昨天一整天我都在厨房里帮着母亲做事。) 7. 一般将来时： (1) 表示从目前看将要发生的动作； (2) 一般将来时的构成：will/shall+动词原形；be going to do；be to do(表示有计划有安排的事情)；come/go/leave/fly等的进行时也可表示将来。 8. 过去将来时： (1) 表示从过去某一时候看将要发生的动作； (2) 过去将来时的构成：would+动词原形；be going to do；be to do(表示有计划有安排的事情)；come/go/leave/fly等的进行时也可表示将来。 二. 动词的语态 动词的被动语态：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词过去分词+(be+动作执行者)”构成，其中助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。by+执行者，表示“被……”，强调动作的执行者，by短语可以省略。 1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词 2. 一般过去时态的被动语态：was/were+及物动词的过去分词 3. 现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+being+ 及物动词的过去分词 4. 过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+being+及物动词的过去分词 5. 一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall be +及物动词的过去分词；be going to be done 6. 过去将来时的被动语态：would be +及物动词的过去分词；be going to be done 7. 现在完成时的被动语态：助动词have/has +been+及物动词的过去分词 8. 过去完成时的被动语态：助动词had +been+及物动词的过去分词 9. 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 【专项训练】 1. Rice ____(grow) in South China. 2. The glass _____(break) yesterday. 3. The project _____(carry) out now. 4. The cars ____(send) abroad by sea soon. 5. This novel _____(translate) into several languages so far. 6. Wood can _____(make) into paper. 7. The debt must _____(pay) off before next month. 8. Whistling by listeners _____(regard) as a sign of approval in some countries. 三. 单句语法填空精讲 1. He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. 2. Where men control the household, less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorer health for children. 3. One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has run out of salt. 4. He walked in as if he ____ (buy) the school. 5. One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen .Suddenly, he _______ (find)that he had run out of salt. 6. It was raining lightly when I ________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 7. Yangshuo ________(be) really beautiful. 8. A boy on a bike ____(catch) my attention. 9. It ____(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 10. Then the driver stood up and asked，“__68__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” 11. This cycle ________ (go) day after day. 12. Be patient！Tai Chi ____(call) “shadow boxing” in English. 四. 优秀语法填空精选 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Unexpected Kindness Of A Stranger Yesterday, as I approached the front door of our public library, a white-haired gentleman stepped back to hold the door for me. You see, I have to go everywhere these days with a walker, and folks are ______56____ (constant) holding or opening doors for me, so this was not unusual. However, I told the gentleman that the door had ____57____ automatic opener, and he did not need to stay to hold it open. He said “Here I thought I would have an opportunity to be _____58____ (help).” At that, I backed up, let the door close, and allowed him to reopen the door, not _____59____ (use) the automatic control this time. His comment then was “Well, now I feel like that I _____60____ (accomplish) something helpful and worthwhile today.” We never know _____61____ someone else is feeling. We seniors seem to feel we can take care of _____62____ at all times. That random act of kindness brightened not only my day, but _____63____ my joy and delight, also the day of that white-haired senior citizen. I felt a glow for the rest of the day, and, hopefully, so did he! So, gentle readers, never hesitate _____64____ (offer) kindness. You may find to your _____65____ (amaze) that there is more kindness in your community than you ever believe possible. 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的的正确形式。 Night after night, she came to tuck me in (盖被子), even long after my childhood years. ___56___ (follow) her longstanding custom, she’d lean down and push my long hair out of the way, then kiss my forehead. I don’t remember 57 it first started annoying me — her hands pushing my hair that way. Finally, one night, I shouted out at her, “Don’t do that anymore — your hands are too rough!” She didn’t say 58 in reply. But never again 59 my mother close out (结束) my day ____60 that familiar expression of her love. Time after time, with the passing years, my 61 (think) returned to that night. By then I missed my mother’s hands, — missed her goodnight kiss on my forehead. Now those hands I once thought to be so rough were still doing things for me and my family. I 62 (frequent) recalled the night my young voice complained. One night, catching Mom’s hand in hand, I blurted out how sorry I was for that night. I thought she’d remember as I did. But Mom didn’t know what I 63 (talk) about. She had forgotten — and forgiven — long ago. That night, I fell asleep with a new 64 (appreciate) for my gentle mother and ___65___ caring hands. And the guilt that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found. 3 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.It__1__(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it__2__(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of__3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t changed in a few days__4__even a few months. It took years of work__5__(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is__6__(clean)than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit__7__ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are__8__(amaze)stories of instant transformation, for most of us the__9__(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be__10__(patience)． 4 One morning I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __1__ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, __2__ some of them looked very anxious and __3__ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __4__ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike __5__ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused __6__ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept __7__ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“__8__ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh, dear! It’s __9__ (I).”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers __10__ (sudden) became friendly to one another. 5 A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ____1____water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to the elder _______2____ had been his teacher .After a four-day journey, the young man_____3___. (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink,smiled____4_____ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home____5______a happy heart. After the student left, the teacher let __6___student taste the water. He spit it out, __7___ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ___8____?” The teacher replied,” You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ___9___ (sweet).” We understand this lesson best ____10___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$