03 语法填空(非谓语动词)-2025年高一暑假作业（语法填空）

03语法填空(非谓语动词)——2025年高一暑假作业 非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点。 非谓语动词有时态和语态，在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等。 一. 非谓语动词的时态和语态 1. 动词不定式：(1)一般式主动形式：to do；被动形式：to be done (2) 进行式：to be doing (3) 完成式主动形式：to have done；被动形式：to have been done (4) 完成进行式：to have been doing 2. 动词-ing: (1)一般式主动形式：doing；被动形式：being done (2) 完成式主动形式：having done；被动形式：having been done 3. 过去分词：done 二. 非谓语动词在句子中的作用 1. 作状语 (1)不定式作状语：a.作目的状语，有时用in order to或so as to。b. 作结果状语，常用结构enough to，too...to...，only to等。c. 作原因状语，此时常与表示情感的形容词连用，如delighted，glad，happy，frightened，surprised等。d. 在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”的结构中，常用主动形式表示被动含义。 (2)动词－ing形式(现在分词)作状语：a. 动词－ing形式(现在分词)作状语时与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，having done表示先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生的动作。b. 动词－ing形式(现在分词)可作时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果、让步等状语。 (3)过去分词作状语：a. 过去分词作状语时与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。b. 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时作状语时相当于形容词作状语。 (4)不定式与动词－ing形式(现在分词)作结果状语的比较：不定式作结果状语表示意想不到的结果；而动词－ing形式(现在分词)作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。 (5)动词－ing形式(现在分词)与过去分词作状语的比较：作状语时，是用动词－ing形式(现在分词)还是过去分词，取决于该动词与主语之间的关系，若为意义上的主动关系，则用动词－ing形式(现在分词)；若为被动关系，则用过去分词。 2. 作定语 (1)不定式作定语：a. 不定式作定语时与所修饰的词之间存在动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，一般要跟相应的介词。但是，如果不定式修饰的名词是time，place，way等，不定式后面的介词习惯省去。b. 若名词前有序数词、最高级或no，all，only等修饰，后面一般用不定式作定语。c. 用来修饰抽象名词时常用不定式作定语，常见的有desire，ability，chance，attempt，warning等。 (2)动词－ing形式(现在分词)作定语：动词－ing形式(现在分词)作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作的主动和进行；动词－ing形式(动名词)作定语，说明中心词的用途或目的。 (3)过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作的被动和完成。 3. 作宾语(主语)补足语： (1)不定式作宾补：a. 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise，allow，ask，tell，teach，encourage，cause等。b. 感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式不带to，但变为被动语态，作主补的不定式需带to。常见的词有：一感觉：feel；二听：listen to，hear；三使：let，have，make；四看：see，watch，notice，observe等。另外，help后作宾补的不定式符号to可有可无。c. 下列结构中用不定式作主补，例如be said/reported/believed/considered to等。 (2)动词－ing形式(现在分词)作宾补：动词－ing形式(现在分词)作宾补时强调宾语发出的动作正在进行。常见带有这种复合宾语的动词有：六让：make，let，have，get，keep，leave；三看：look at，see，watch；两听：listen to，hear；一注意：notice；一发现：find；一感觉：feel等。 (3)过去分词作宾补：过去分词作宾补时其动词形式与宾语发出的动作有逻辑上的被动关系，且表示完成。 4. 非谓语动词作宾语： (1)有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语，常见的有plan，agree，afford，decide，determine，expect，hope，manage，refuse，offer，pretend，wish，promise等。 (2)有些动词或短语只能跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，常见的有admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，escape，excuse，imagine，mind，miss(错过)，risk，suggest, be used to(习惯于)，can't stand(无法忍受)，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，look forward to，put off，devote to，stick to，object to，get down to等。 (3)有些动词既可跟不定式又可跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，意义区别不大，但表示经常性的动作常用动词－ing形式(动名词)，表示具体的动作常用不定式，常见的有begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer等。 (4)有些动词或短语既可跟不定式又可跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，但意义有着明显的区别，常见的有：forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做)；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)；remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)；try to do sth. 尽力去做某事；try doing sth. 试着做某事；regret to do sth. 对即将做的事感到遗憾(未做)；regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到后悔(已做)；stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事(此处不定式作状语)；doing sth. 停止做某事；mean to do sth. 打算做某事；mean doing sth. 意味着做某事；go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事；go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事；can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事；can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 (5)动词need，want，require后跟doing作宾语时，主动形式表示被动含义，另外be worth doing也是主动表示被动。 (6)介词后一般跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，但but/except后接不定式作宾语，若前面有实义动词do则不带to，反之则带to。 (7)动词如find，feel，expect，think，consider，make等词后接不定式作宾语，宾语后跟形容词或名词作宾补，此时要用it作形式宾语。 (8)某些动词跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，但需跟不定式作宾补，常见的有allow，permit，forbid，advise，consider等。 5. 非谓语动词作主语和表语： (1)不定式与动词－ing形式(动名词)作主语和表语的区别：不定式表示某一具体的，尤其是未发生的动作；动词－ing形式(动名词)表示抽象的、泛指的动作。作主语时常用it作形式主语而把不定式或动词－ing形式(动名词)置后。 (2)过去分词与动词－ing形式(现在分词)作表语的区别：两者作表语时基本都是已经形容词化的动词－ing形式(动名词)或过去分词，此时表示“令人……的”用动词－ing形式(现在分词)；表示“感到……的”用过去分词。 三.单句语法填空精讲 1.A study of travellers ________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 2. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about____(be) late for school. 3. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____(ride). 4. It took years of work ____(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 5. The adobe dwellings(土坯房) ________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________ most modern of architects and engineers. 6.The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________(able) to “air condition” a house without ________(use)electric equipment. 7. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ________ (cool) the house during the hot day. 8. Later, ______ (move) by Yu Gong, the God of the Heavens ordered another god to take the two big mountains away. 9. But she is thinking of (switch) to a different way of transport--a bicycle． 10. It is so dangerous that our guides will have guns (scare) the animals away if they come too near. 【温馨提示】 如何判断空格处应填非谓语动词？ (1) 正确判断非谓语动词。句子按照结构可分为三类，即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导，如果句子中出现了连词，应选谓语动词形式；如果两个结构中未出现连词，则考虑用非谓语动词。 (2) 正确判断非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间的关系。 确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫作逻辑主语。判断非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系是主动还是被动。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致，找不到其逻辑主语时，整个句子或句子的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。正确判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证，不管是作什么成分的非谓语动词都具有以下特点： a. 如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，可用现在分词； b. 如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，可用过去分词。 (3)正确判断非谓语动词和谓语动词发生的时间先后顺序 非谓语动词具备动词的一些特点，也可以有动作发生的时间。对于谓语动词，我们用时态来表示动词发生的时间；对于非谓语动词不能用时态来表示动作发生的时间。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间，即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。同时也需要了解非谓语动词的不同形式所指时间的含义。如to have done，having done表示该动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生；to be doing，doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。 四. 优秀语法填空精选 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since I was a baby，I 56 （have） a breathing problem. When the trees are letting their seeds fly on the wind，I'm really in trouble！I sneeze all day and can 57 （hard）breathe all night. And forget about 58（visit ) any-one who has a dog or a eat in their house！The hair makes me cough.I’ll even start choking if I’m close to bird feathers.The only animal I can be around 59 having a reaction is fish.At least when I was growing up，I wasn't alone-my twin sister also had allergy problems when we were young. Her syndrome was so bad that she had to go to 60 specialized hospital many times. The doctors would hook 61 up to a machine that helped her breathe.When she was 5 years old，a successful operation was carried out 62 (fix）her problem-lucky her！The doctors thought I would grow out of my problem. I'm 17 now， 63 it still hasn't happened！In spite of this，there are many children 64 have allergies worse than me. So，the bright side of having allergies 65 （be）that I can understand other people much better. 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam. For decades, he had been struggling to rid his family of hunger.However, it always confused him 56 to expand the output of his crops. This 57 (disturb)problem led to his regretting being a farmer. He would rather have chosen 58 job. One day, when skimming through a newspaper, Tuan read 59 comment on Yuan Longping. He underlined Yuan’s nationality and occupation, and then 60 (focus) on his discovery and the statistics of his research. He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very 61 (practice). Therefore, he made a summary and began to build up a new farming method. He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped 62 (he) to keep his crop roots free of bacteria and pests. He also enriched minerals in the soil while 63 (reduce) chemical fertilizers. Though it cost him more time and freedom, he was full of hope. The next year, Tuan was sunburnt 64 satisfied with his production very much. Thanks to YuanLongping, he not only won the battle 65 hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad. 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Five million people visit the Grand Canyon National Park every year. The first sight of the canyon can leave visitors speechless. ____1____ (depend) on the time of day，the sun lights up the rock walls in red，orange，and golden colors. The bright colors are the result of minerals in the rock. Their appearance changes ___2___ (endless)．At sunset，the canyon walls display red and gold hues. Then they take ___3___ softer colors of blue，purple，and green. Most visitors walk along paths part­way down the canyon. ___4___takes several hours to walk to the bottom，and even ___5___ (long) to climb up. Some visitors choose to ride mules(骡) to the bottom of the canyon. Mules are strong animals ___6___ look similar to horses. Visitors can explore the Grand Canyon in other ___7___ (way). Hundreds of thousands of people see the canyon by air each year. They pay a helicopter or ___8___ airplane pilot to fly them above and around the canyon. Visitors can also see the Grand Canyon from a huge glass walkway ___9___ (call) the Skywalk. The Hualapai Indians ___10___ (build) it to increase tourism at the reservation. 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处真入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms ___1___ (make) of bamboo and the roofs of grass. There’s no electricity or water there. ___2___ took the students about two hours to get to the schoo1. It’s very difficult for newcomers to adapt to the ___3___ (1ive) conditions. Jo hoped ___4___ (make) some difference to the children’s lives by teaching them. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home with another teacher. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother ___5___ had been working in her garden, ___6___ (start) crying “ieee ieee”. Tombe’s father led them to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass ___7___ (stick) out of the roof, where he could only see one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. ___8___ they ate were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a ___9___ (new) made platform. They left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm ___10___ (handshake). It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family． 5 Post-00s (《零零后》) is a documentary(纪录片) about growing up. It shows the real lives of children who ___1__ born between 2000 and 2009. They struggle with schoolwork. ___2__ (face) with problems in relationships with others, they don't know what to do if a younger brother or sister is born into the family. But this five-episode series, which was aired on CCTV9 from Aug 20, is different ___3__ other TV programs with a similar theme. Post-00s ___4__(film) over a period of 10 years, during ___5__ time the show makers followed the growth of a group of kids from kindergarten to middle school. In other words, everything in the series is real. Such stories, which ___6___ (know) as "coming-of-age" stories, have a special ___7___ (attract). They feed our curiosity(好奇心) for seeing someone else's life. We become ___8___ (increase) interested in the characters as if we truly knew them. And while we enjoy the real stories, because nothing is set in advance, we also can't help ___9__ (feel) the cruelty(残酷) of reality. After all, there's no script(剧本) and there's no turning back—this is real life. As US writer Ernest Hemingway once wrote, "Any man's life, told truly, is a novel." And when it comes to Post-00s, it's also such a good documentary ___10__ is worth watching. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 03语法填空(非谓语动词)——2025年高一暑假作业 非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点。 非谓语动词有时态和语态，在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等。 一. 非谓语动词的时态和语态 1. 动词不定式：(1)一般式主动形式：to do；被动形式：to be done (2) 进行式：to be doing (3) 完成式主动形式：to have done；被动形式：to have been done (4) 完成进行式：to have been doing 2. 动词-ing: (1)一般式主动形式：doing；被动形式：being done (2) 完成式主动形式：having done；被动形式：having been done 3. 过去分词：done 二. 非谓语动词在句子中的作用 1. 作状语 (1)不定式作状语：a.作目的状语，有时用in order to或so as to。b. 作结果状语，常用结构enough to，too...to...，only to等。c. 作原因状语，此时常与表示情感的形容词连用，如delighted，glad，happy，frightened，surprised等。d. 在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”的结构中，常用主动形式表示被动含义。 (2)动词－ing形式(现在分词)作状语：a. 动词－ing形式(现在分词)作状语时与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，having done表示先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生的动作。b. 动词－ing形式(现在分词)可作时间、原因、方式、伴随、结果、让步等状语。 (3)过去分词作状语：a. 过去分词作状语时与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生。b. 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时作状语时相当于形容词作状语。 (4)不定式与动词－ing形式(现在分词)作结果状语的比较：不定式作结果状语表示意想不到的结果；而动词－ing形式(现在分词)作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。 (5)动词－ing形式(现在分词)与过去分词作状语的比较：作状语时，是用动词－ing形式(现在分词)还是过去分词，取决于该动词与主语之间的关系，若为意义上的主动关系，则用动词－ing形式(现在分词)；若为被动关系，则用过去分词。 2. 作定语 (1)不定式作定语：a. 不定式作定语时与所修饰的词之间存在动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，一般要跟相应的介词。但是，如果不定式修饰的名词是time，place，way等，不定式后面的介词习惯省去。b. 若名词前有序数词、最高级或no，all，only等修饰，后面一般用不定式作定语。c. 用来修饰抽象名词时常用不定式作定语，常见的有desire，ability，chance，attempt，warning等。 (2)动词－ing形式(现在分词)作定语：动词－ing形式(现在分词)作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作的主动和进行；动词－ing形式(动名词)作定语，说明中心词的用途或目的。 (3)过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作的被动和完成。 3. 作宾语(主语)补足语： (1)不定式作宾补：a. 常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise，allow，ask，tell，teach，encourage，cause等。b. 感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式不带to，但变为被动语态，作主补的不定式需带to。常见的词有：一感觉：feel；二听：listen to，hear；三使：let，have，make；四看：see，watch，notice，observe等。另外，help后作宾补的不定式符号to可有可无。c. 下列结构中用不定式作主补，例如be said/reported/believed/considered to等。 (2)动词－ing形式(现在分词)作宾补：动词－ing形式(现在分词)作宾补时强调宾语发出的动作正在进行。常见带有这种复合宾语的动词有：六让：make，let，have，get，keep，leave；三看：look at，see，watch；两听：listen to，hear；一注意：notice；一发现：find；一感觉：feel等。 (3)过去分词作宾补：过去分词作宾补时其动词形式与宾语发出的动作有逻辑上的被动关系，且表示完成。 4. 非谓语动词作宾语： (1)有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语，常见的有plan，agree，afford，decide，determine，expect，hope，manage，refuse，offer，pretend，wish，promise等。 (2)有些动词或短语只能跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，常见的有admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，escape，excuse，imagine，mind，miss(错过)，risk，suggest, be used to(习惯于)，can't stand(无法忍受)，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，look forward to，put off，devote to，stick to，object to，get down to等。 (3)有些动词既可跟不定式又可跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，意义区别不大，但表示经常性的动作常用动词－ing形式(动名词)，表示具体的动作常用不定式，常见的有begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer等。 (4)有些动词或短语既可跟不定式又可跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，但意义有着明显的区别，常见的有：forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做)；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)；remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)；try to do sth. 尽力去做某事；try doing sth. 试着做某事；regret to do sth. 对即将做的事感到遗憾(未做)；regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到后悔(已做)；stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事(此处不定式作状语)；doing sth. 停止做某事；mean to do sth. 打算做某事；mean doing sth. 意味着做某事；go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事；go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事；can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事；can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 (5)动词need，want，require后跟doing作宾语时，主动形式表示被动含义，另外be worth doing也是主动表示被动。 (6)介词后一般跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，但but/except后接不定式作宾语，若前面有实义动词do则不带to，反之则带to。 (7)动词如find，feel，expect，think，consider，make等词后接不定式作宾语，宾语后跟形容词或名词作宾补，此时要用it作形式宾语。 (8)某些动词跟动词－ing形式(动名词)作宾语，但需跟不定式作宾补，常见的有allow，permit，forbid，advise，consider等。 5. 非谓语动词作主语和表语： (1)不定式与动词－ing形式(动名词)作主语和表语的区别：不定式表示某一具体的，尤其是未发生的动作；动词－ing形式(动名词)表示抽象的、泛指的动作。作主语时常用it作形式主语而把不定式或动词－ing形式(动名词)置后。 (2)过去分词与动词－ing形式(现在分词)作表语的区别：两者作表语时基本都是已经形容词化的动词－ing形式(动名词)或过去分词，此时表示“令人……的”用动词－ing形式(现在分词)；表示“感到……的”用过去分词。 三.单句语法填空精讲 1.A study of travellers ________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 【解析】考查过去分词作定语。句意：由旅游网站“TripAdvisor”开展的一项针对游客的调查将阳朔列为全球十大旅游胜地之一。这里表示一家网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语表示被动关系。故填conducted。 2. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about____(be) late for school. 【解析】考查动名词。句意：一天早上，我正站在公交站等车，心里很担心自己上学会迟到。介词about后使用v.­ing形式。故填being。 3. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____(ride). 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我听到身后的一位乘客对司机大喊，但司机一直不肯停车，直到我们到达下一个站点才停下。然而，那个男孩还是继续坐着没下车。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事。不定式作动词refuse的宾语。故填to stop。 【解析】考查动名词。句意：我听到身后的一位乘客对司机大喊，但司机一直不肯停车，直到我们到达下一个站点才停下。然而，那个男孩还是继续坐着没下车。keep doing sth不停地做某事。故填riding。 4. It took years of work ____(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为了减少工业污染并净化水质，人们付出了多年的努力。固定句型：It takes sb some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to reduce。 5. The adobe dwellings(土坯房) ________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________ most modern of architects and engineers. 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：美国西南部普韦布洛印第安人所建造的土坯房屋，就连最现代的建筑师和工程师也对其赞叹不已。build与前面的the adobe dwellings构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。 【解析】考查定冠词。句意：美国西南部普韦布洛印第安人所建造的土坯房屋，就连最现代的建筑师和工程师也对其赞叹不已。空格后面的most是形容词最高级，前面使用the。故填the。 6.The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________(able) to “air condition” a house without ________(use)electric equipment. 【解析】考查名词。句意：美国西南部普韦布洛印第安人所建造的土坯房屋，就连最现代的建筑师和工程师也对其赞叹不已。除了其质朴的美感之外，这些土坯房屋令人称道之处还在于它们能够“为房屋提供空调效果”，而无需使用任何电气设备。结合空格前面的形容词性物主代词their可知，后面要用able的名词形式。故填 ability。 【解析】考查现在分词。句意：美国西南部普韦布洛印第安人所建造的土坯房屋，就连最现代的建筑师和工程师也对其赞叹不已。除了其质朴的美感之外，这些土坯房屋令人称道之处还在于它们能够“为房屋提供空调效果”，而无需使用任何电气设备。结合空格前面的介词without，后面应该使用v.­ing的形式。故填using。 7. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ________ (cool) the house during the hot day. 【解析】考查不定式。句意：当新的一天到来时，墙壁已经失去了热量，此时它们的温度已经足够低，能够为炎热的天气中的房屋降温了。结合空格前面的cold enough可知后面使用不定式形式，构成“be＋adj. enough to do sth”的句型。故填to cool。 8. Later, ______ (move) by Yu Gong, the God of the Heavens ordered another god to take the two big mountains away. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，由于受到了愚公的感动，天上的众神之王命令另一位神祇将那两座大山移走。句子主语the God of the Heavens和动词move之间是被动关系，过去分词作状语，表示被动。故填moved。 9. But she is thinking of (switch) to a different way of transport--a bicycle． 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但她正在考虑改用另一种交通方式——骑自行车。think of后面跟动名词，作宾语。故填switching。 10. It is so dangerous that our guides will have guns (scare) the animals away if they come too near. 【答案】 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：情况十分危险，如果动物们靠近得太过近，我们的向导就会拿出枪来把它们吓跑。此处是不定式表作目的状语。故填to scare。 【温馨提示】 如何判断空格处应填非谓语动词？ (1) 正确判断非谓语动词。句子按照结构可分为三类，即简单句、并列句和复合句。并列句和复合句都需要连词来引导，如果句子中出现了连词，应选谓语动词形式；如果两个结构中未出现连词，则考虑用非谓语动词。 (2) 正确判断非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间的关系。 确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫作逻辑主语。判断非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系是主动还是被动。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致，找不到其逻辑主语时，整个句子或句子的主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。正确判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系是正确选择非谓语动词形式的保证，不管是作什么成分的非谓语动词都具有以下特点： a. 如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，可用现在分词； b. 如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，可用过去分词。 (3)正确判断非谓语动词和谓语动词发生的时间先后顺序 非谓语动词具备动词的一些特点，也可以有动作发生的时间。对于谓语动词，我们用时态来表示动词发生的时间；对于非谓语动词不能用时态来表示动作发生的时间。非谓语动词所表示的时间是一个相对时间，即相对于谓语动词的时间而言。同时也需要了解非谓语动词的不同形式所指时间的含义。如to have done，having done表示该动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生；to be doing，doing强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生。 四. 优秀语法填空精选 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since I was a baby，I 56 （have） a breathing problem. When the trees are letting their seeds fly on the wind，I'm really in trouble！I sneeze all day and can 57 （hard）breathe all night. And forget about 58（visit ) any-one who has a dog or a eat in their house！The hair makes me cough.I’ll even start choking if I’m close to bird feathers.The only animal I can be around 59 having a reaction is fish.At least when I was growing up，I wasn't alone-my twin sister also had allergy problems when we were young. Her syndrome was so bad that she had to go to 60 specialized hospital many times. The doctors would hook 61 up to a machine that helped her breathe.When she was 5 years old，a successful operation was carried out 62 (fix）her problem-lucky her！The doctors thought I would grow out of my problem. I'm 17 now， 63 it still hasn't happened！In spite of this，there are many children 64 have allergies worse than me. So，the bright side of having allergies 65 （be）that I can understand other people much better. 【解析】 【导语】本文通过Louis叫儿子去买盐要给合理价格的故事说明，一定要公平对待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。 56. 考查动词时态。句意：从我还是个婴儿的时候起，我就一直有呼吸方面的问题。since意为“自从……以来”，作介词时，句子用现在完成时；作连词时，主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。此处since是介词。故填have had。 57. 考查副词。句意：我整天不停地打喷嚏，整晚都呼吸困难。此处用副词hardly“几乎不”修饰动词breathe。故填hardly。 58 考查动名词。句意：并且别去拜访那些家里养有狗或者有厨房设施的人！about为介词，后面用动名词。故填visiting。 59. 考查介词。句意：唯一不会给“我”带来过敏反应的动物是鱼。结合上文可知，此处用介词without表示“不会，没有”。故填without。 60. 考查冠词。句意：她的病情非常严重，以至于她不得不多次前往那家专门医院接受治疗。go to the specialized hospital“去专科医院”。故填the。 61. 考查代词。句意：医生们会给她连接上一台辅助呼吸的机器。根据上下文的人称可知，此处用she的宾格her。故填her。 62. 考查不定式。句意：在她五岁那年，一场成功的手术得以实施，解决了她的问题——她真是太幸运了！此处是不定式作目的状语。故填to fix。 63. 考查并列连词。句意：我现在 17 岁了，但这件事还是没有发生！前后分句表示转折表转折。故填but。 64考查定语从句连接词。句意：尽管如此，仍有许多孩子的过敏症状比我更严重。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为many children，指人，从句中缺主语。故填who/that。 65. 考查主谓一致。句意：所以，患有过敏症的积极方面在于，我能更好地理解他人了。此处指客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且主语是the bright side，单数第三人称。故填is。 2 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam. For decades, he had been struggling to rid his family of hunger.However, it always confused him 56 to expand the output of his crops. This 57 (disturb)problem led to his regretting being a farmer. He would rather have chosen 58 job. One day, when skimming through a newspaper, Tuan read 59 comment on Yuan Longping. He underlined Yuan’s nationality and occupation, and then 60 (focus) on his discovery and the statistics of his research. He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very 61 (practice). Therefore, he made a summary and began to build up a new farming method. He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped 62 (he) to keep his crop roots free of bacteria and pests. He also enriched minerals in the soil while 63 (reduce) chemical fertilizers. Though it cost him more time and freedom, he was full of hope. The next year, Tuan was sunburnt 64 satisfied with his production very much. Thanks to YuanLongping, he not only won the battle 65 hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了越南农民Tuan受到袁隆平故事的激励而努力研制农业新品种去提高农作物产量的事情。 56. 考查连接副词。句意：然而，他一直困惑于如何增加农作物的产量。从上文可知数年来他们家都面对饥饿的困扰，所以他一直在想如何提高庄稼的收入。故填how。 57. 考查形容词。句意：这一令人不安的问题让他开始后悔自己当初选择了当农民这一职业。修饰名词problem用形容词，此处表示“令人不安，烦扰的”。故填disturbing。 58. 考查代词。句意：他宁愿选择另一份工作。根据前句内容可知他不喜欢自己的工作，宁愿选择了另一份工作。故填another。 59. 考查冠词。句意：有一天，当谭翻阅报纸时，看到了一篇关于袁隆平的评论。comment是可数名词，前面需要限定词，此处表示泛指概，故用不定冠词a。故填a。 60. 考查动词时态。句意：他强调了袁的国籍和职业，然后重点介绍了他的发现和研究的统计数据。And连接并列成分，故该词和underlined做并列谓语，根据一致的原则判断。故填focused。 61. 考查形容词。句意：他发现袁所传播的知识非常实用。此处是“find +宾语+补语”结构，用形容词作宾语补足语。故填practical。 62. 考查代词。句意：他种植了富含营养的优质谷物，并采取了相应措施来确保作物根部不受细菌和害虫的侵害。从语境可知此处用反身代词，指他自己。故填himself。 63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他还通过改良土壤成分来增加矿物质含量，同时减少了化肥的使用量。此处是连词+分词结构，句子主语和reduce之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填reducing。 64. 考查连词。句意：第二年，图恩晒得黝黑，但对自己的成果非常满意。根据句意可知前后句子是转折关系。故填but。 65. 考查介词。句意：对于袁隆平而言，他不仅成功战胜了饥饿这一难题，而且还能够将他的农作物出口到国外。介词against意为“抵抗，对抗”。故填against。 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Five million people visit the Grand Canyon National Park every year. The first sight of the canyon can leave visitors speechless. ____1____ (depend) on the time of day，the sun lights up the rock walls in red，orange，and golden colors. The bright colors are the result of minerals in the rock. Their appearance changes ___2___ (endless)．At sunset，the canyon walls display red and gold hues. Then they take ___3___ softer colors of blue，purple，and green. Most visitors walk along paths part­way down the canyon. ___4___takes several hours to walk to the bottom，and even ___5___ (long) to climb up. Some visitors choose to ride mules(骡) to the bottom of the canyon. Mules are strong animals ___6___ look similar to horses. Visitors can explore the Grand Canyon in other ___7___ (way). Hundreds of thousands of people see the canyon by air each year. They pay a helicopter or ___8___ airplane pilot to fly them above and around the canyon. Visitors can also see the Grand Canyon from a huge glass walkway ___9___ (call) the Skywalk. The Hualapai Indians ___10___ (build) it to increase tourism at the reservation. 【答案】 1. Depending 2. endlessly 3.on 4. It 5. longer 6. that/which 7. ways 8. an 9. called 10. built 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。每年有五百万人参观大峡谷国家公园。文章介绍了大峡谷国家公园以及作者在这里旅游的经历。 1. 考查现在分词作状语。句意：根据一天中不同的时间，太阳将岩壁照成红色、橙色和金色。句子主语the sun和depend之间是主动关系，是现在分词作状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填Depending。 2. 考查副词修饰动词。句意：它们的外观变化无穷。句中changes是动词，由副词修饰，所给词endless是形容词，其副词是endlessly。故填endlessly。 3. 考查介词。句意：然后他们会呈现蓝色、紫色和绿色等柔和的颜色。动词短语：take on的意思是“呈现，具有”符合句意。故填on。 4. 考查it作形式主语。句意：走到底部需要几个小时，爬上去则需要更长的时间。固定句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 5. 考查比较级。句意：走到底部需要几个小时，爬上去则需要更长的时间。副词even修饰形容词比较级，在结合句意。故填longer。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：骡子是长得像马的强壮动物。设空处引导定语从句，此处animals是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：游客可以用其他方式探索大峡谷。way为可数名词，且有other修饰，other后面用名词复数。故填ways。 8. 考查不定冠词an。句意：他们付钱给直升机或飞行员，让他们在峡谷上空或周围飞行。根据空前a helicopter or可知这里用不定冠词，再根据airplane是以元音音素开头的词，前面用an表示“一”。故填an。 9. 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：游客也可以从一个巨大的玻璃栈道上看到大峡谷。此处walkway和动词call之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 10. 考查一般过去时。句意：瓦拉派印第安人建造它是为了增加居留地的旅游业。这里在描述过去发生的一件事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故填built。 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处真入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms ___1___ (make) of bamboo and the roofs of grass. There’s no electricity or water there. ___2___ took the students about two hours to get to the schoo1. It’s very difficult for newcomers to adapt to the ___3___ (1ive) conditions. Jo hoped ___4___ (make) some difference to the children’s lives by teaching them. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home with another teacher. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother ___5___ had been working in her garden, ___6___ (start) crying “ieee ieee”. Tombe’s father led them to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass ___7___ (stick) out of the roof, where he could only see one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. ___8___ they ate were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a ___9___ (new) made platform. They left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm ___10___ (handshake). It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family． 【答案】1. were made 2. It 3. living 4. to make 5. who/that 6. started 7. sticking 8. What 9. newly 10. handshakes 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jo在一所条件很差的学校教学，他希望通过教学生一些知识来让孩子的生活有所变化．有一天，他带着Jenny去Tombe的家里去了，发现Tombe的家里很穷． 1. 考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：乔在一所布什学校工作,他们的教室是用竹子和草地的屋顶做的。whose引导的定语从句的主语whose classrooms是复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，再根据主句谓语动词worked，可知，设空处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were made。 2. 考查it的用法。句意：学生们花了两个小时才到达学校。固定句型：It takes/took sb．some time to do sth．意为“做某事花费了某人多长时间”，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，位于句首大写开头。故填It。 3. 考查形容词。句意：新来的人很难适应这里的生活条件。此处用形容词living“居住的”作定语修饰名词conditions。故填living。 4. 考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：琼希望通过教育孩子们来改变他们的生活。动词hope后面用动词不定式作宾语。故填to make。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：当他们到达村子时，一直在花园里干活的汤姆的母亲开始哭了起来。设空处引导定语从句，Tombe’s mother指人，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 6. 考查一般过去时态。句意：当他们到达村子时，一直在花园里干活的汤姆的母亲开始哭了起来。该句是复合句，when引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时态，主句也在描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态。故填started。 7. 考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：汤姆的父亲把他们带到他的房子，那是一间低矮的竹屋，屋顶上长满了草，他只能看到一把扫帚，几个锡盘子和杯子，还有几个罐子。此处是with的复合结构，grass和stick out of之间是主动关系，是现在分词作宾语补足语。故填sticking。 8. 考查主语从句的用法。句意：他们吃的是红薯、玉米和蔬菜。设空处引导主语从句，引导词要引导主语从句，同时作从句谓语动词ate的宾语，且位于句首大写。故填What。 9. 考查副词的用法。句意：那天晚上，琼和珍妮睡在一个新做的月台上。此处用副词修饰动词made，new的副词是newly。故填newly。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：经过多次道别和坚定的握手，他们第二天早上离开了村庄。根据前面的many可知，此处填名词复数与goodbyes并列。故填handshakes。 5 Post-00s (《零零后》) is a documentary(纪录片) about growing up. It shows the real lives of children who ___1__ born between 2000 and 2009. They struggle with schoolwork. ___2__ (face) with problems in relationships with others, they don't know what to do if a younger brother or sister is born into the family. But this five-episode series, which was aired on CCTV9 from Aug 20, is different ___3__ other TV programs with a similar theme. Post-00s ___4__(film) over a period of 10 years, during ___5__ time the show makers followed the growth of a group of kids from kindergarten to middle school. In other words, everything in the series is real. Such stories, which ___6___ (know) as "coming-of-age" stories, have a special ___7___ (attract). They feed our curiosity(好奇心) for seeing someone else's life. We become ___8___ (increase) interested in the characters as if we truly knew them. And while we enjoy the real stories, because nothing is set in advance, we also can't help ___9__ (feel) the cruelty(残酷) of reality. After all, there's no script(剧本) and there's no turning back—this is real life. As US writer Ernest Hemingway once wrote, "Any man's life, told truly, is a novel." And when it comes to Post-00s, it's also such a good documentary ___10__ is worth watching. 【答案】1.were 2. Faced 3. from 4. was filmed 5. which 6. are known 7. attraction 8.increasingly 9. feeling 10. As 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇电影纪录片评论。《零零后》是一部关于成长的纪录片。它展示了2000年到2009年出生的孩子的真实生活。 1. 考查一般过去时态和主谓一致。句意：它展示了2000年至2009年间出生的孩子们的真实生活。根据born between 2000 and 2009可知，句子用一般过去时，children是先行词，复数形式，在定语从句中作主语。故填were。 2. 考查过去分词作状语。句意：面对与他人关系中的问题，他们不知道家里会生什么弟弟或妹妹。固定短语：be faced with“面对着……”；设空处是非谓语动词，是过去分词作状语，且首字母大写。故填Faced。 3. 考查介词。句意：但这部自8月20日起在中央电视台9台播出的五集电视剧与其他类似主题的电视节目不同。固定短语：be different from“与……不同”。故填from。 4. 考查一般过去时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：《00后》的拍摄历时10年，在这段时间里，制作方跟随一群孩子从幼儿园到中学的成长历程。根据over a period of 10 years可知，设空处描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语Post-00s 是单数形式，和谓语动词film之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。故填was filmed。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：《00后》的拍摄历时10年，在这段时间里，制作方跟随一群孩子从幼儿园到中学的成长历程。设空处引导定语从句，a period of 10 years是先行词，指物，介词during后面用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 6. 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这些故事被称为“成长故事”，具有特殊的吸引力。固定短语：be known as“作为……而闻名”；此处stories是先行词，复数形式，在定语从句中作主语，和谓语动词know构成被动关系，且在描述一个客观事实。故填are known。 7. 考查词性转换。句意：这些故事被称为“成长故事”，具有特殊的吸引力。根据空前的a special可知，此处用名词单数形式，attract的名词形式是attraction。故填attraction。 8. 考查副词。句意：我们对角色越来越感兴趣，就好像我们真的了解他们一样。副词修饰过去分词interested，increase的副词形式是increasingly。故填increasingly。 9. 考查固定搭配。句意：当我们享受真实的故事，因为没有什么是预先设定的，我们也不禁感受到现实的残酷。固定搭配：can’t help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。故填feeling。 10. 考查as引导的定语从句。句意：说到00后，这也是一部值得一看的好纪录片。设空处引导定语从句，documentary是先行词，在从句中作主语，再根据前面的such可知，此处是as引导的定语从句。故填as。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$