内容正文:
UNIT 11 限时规范练(A)
(限时30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
If you want to make a difference in your community,be part of something bigger than yourself,or just need to earn some required volunteer hours,then this is the place to start.Here are a few organizations of Gen Z with volunteer opportunities for teens!
Habitat for Humanity
Everyone deserves to have a place they call home.By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity,you can play a role in building up your community.Their Habitat Youth Programmes accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40 for everything from home construction to affordable housing advocacy.
Meals on Wheels
For those teens who just got their licenses and love any reason to get behind the wheel,here's a volunteer opportunity that'll make driving worthwhile.Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors.Two hundred and twentyfive million meals have been delivered so far—connect with your local provider to find out how you can get involved.
Key Club
As the oldest service programme for high schoolers,the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering.Because clubs are studentled,you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do.Chances are there's already a chapter in your school,but if not,you can try taking the lead in one.
Best Buddies
Volunteer with Best Buddies to help end the social,physical,and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities,and you'll make some new pals in the process! Join a school chapter (or start your own) to use friendship as a tool for inclusivity in your community.
And don't worry.Even if you can't volunteer physically,there are also tons of online volunteer opportunities available! Find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organization at www.Gen Z.org.
1.What can a teen volunteer with a driving license do?
A.Make nutritional meals.
B.Send meals to the elderly.
C.Teach the seniors to drive.
D.Drive the seniors around.
2.Which organization can help people with disabilities?
A.Meals on Wheels. B.Habitat for Humanity.
C.Best Buddies. D.Key Club.
3.Why does the author write this text?
A.To teach teens to be more creative.
B.To introduce some volunteer jobs.
C.To instruct teens to earn volunteer hours.
D.To promote awareness of world affairs.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了为青少年提供志愿者工作的四个志愿者组织。
1.B [解析]细节理解题。根据Meals on Wheels部分中的“For those teens who just got their licenses ...meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors.”可知,一个有驾照的青少年志愿者可以加入Meals on Wheels,开车为老年人送餐。故选B。
2.C [解析]细节理解题。根据Best Buddies部分中的“Volunteer with Best Buddies to help end the social,physical,and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities,and you'll make some new pals in the process! ”可知,帮助残障人士的组织是Best Buddies。故选C。
3.B [解析]推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,本文介绍了为青少年提供志愿者工作的四个志愿者组织。故选B。
B
Social scientists have long understood that when people are smart and skilled, they're likely to gain trust. To appear more capable—and therefore more trustworthy—many people tend to boast(吹嘘), according to another longstanding theory that researchers call impression management. But a new paper suggests that the common method people use to gain trust could have the opposite effect.
“If you consider yourself a highly capable individual, have a good education, are successful in life, then don't talk too proudly about it when presenting yourself to others or managing impressions about what you can do,” said Martin Reimann, the paper's lead author. “It can backfire, and people might become distrusting.”
“Since impression management is so widespread, we wondered how it impacts the wellknown effect of ability on trust,” Reimann said.
To answer the question, the researchers designed seven online experiments concerning participants' trust. In one experiment, for example, participants shopped for a TV in an online marketplace with thirdparty vendors(销售商). Customer reviews with star ratings told participants how capable or competent vendors were, and each vendor's ad either did or did not include a boastful statement of selfpromotion.
Designing seven studies, Reimann said, allowed the researchers to reach more people and explore a range of variables that might affect someone's willingness to trust. There were more than 106,000 participants across all seven studies.
The experiments showed that participants were more likely, unsurprisingly, to trust people or companies that appeared more capable. But every study also showed that highly capable people or companies were viewed as less trustworthy if they also boastfully promoted themselves.
“We see trust as a central concept that holds together society,” Reimann added. “If we don't trust each other, then a lot of processes could come to a standstill. It's important to understand what it is in the first place that leads people to trust each other, and how we can encourage that at different levels of society. That's what we want to further uncover.”
4.According to the text, what do many people do by impression management?
A.Make themselves seem more important.
B.Remind others that boasting will lose trust.
C.Show what their impression of someone is.
D.Prove that they have become more capable.
5.Which of the following in the experiment was connected with boasting?
A.A TV. B.Participants.
C.Vendors. D.Customer reviews.
6.What will the researchers' future study focus on?
A.The bad effects of boasting.
B.People's views on boasting.
C.Promotion of trust among people.
D.Different levels of trust in society.
7.What is the main idea of the text?
A.People need to be able to trust each other.
B.Boasting could make people trust you less.
C.People's trust depends on how honest you are.
D.Being good at your job helps you to gain trust.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现,人们用来获得信任的常用方法可能会产生相反的效果。
4.A [解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“To appear more capable—and therefore more trustworthy—many people tend to boast, according to another longstanding theory that researchers call impression management.”可知,人们通过印象管理使自己看起来更重要。故选A。
5.C [解析]细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Customer reviews with star ratings told participants how capable or competent vendors were, and each vendor's ad either did or did not include a boastful statement of selfpromotion.”可知,在实验中,每个销售商的广告中有的包含自我推销的吹嘘声明,有的不包含自我推销的吹嘘声明。所以,与吹嘘有关系的应该是销售商。故选C。
6.C [解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If we don't trust each other ...That's what we want to further uncover.”可知,Reimann认为,要想人们之间相互信任就要了解什么促成人们之间的相互信任,以及我们如何在不同层面鼓励人们相互信任,这是他们要进一步揭示的内容。所以,接下来研究者们要研究的重点是增进人与人之间的相互信任。故选C。
7.B [解析]主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,研究发现有能力的人更容易获得信任,但是新的研究发现表明,通过自夸的方式去获得信任反而产生相反的效果。结合下文中对该研究的进一步介绍和分析可知,本文主要讲述的是自夸可能会使人们对你的信任减少。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
After twentytwo years raising three children,I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.Apparently,this was now my time to __1__ into new experiences.Why,then was I not excited,but __2__?
For a job opportunity,my husband and I moved to another state.One day,I discovered a trail only a short __3__ from our apartment.I was thrilled and began to use it regularly.The trail meandered along a river lined with bushes and towering trees.Ducks __4__ on the riverbanks; Canada geese flew overhead; small rabbits bounded across the pathway,__5__ into the bushes.These small peaceful scenes provided me with a(n) __6__,but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.
Still,I continued to walk the path.I __7__ something new: couples,young and old,holding hands,chatting as they walked; a father __8__ his daughter to ride her twowheeler; a woman doing tai chi.They all __9__ the trail.I became fascinated with the lives of these strangers,yet still wondering if any of them feel __10__?
One morning,an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view.She sailed by me in the __11__ direction like a marathon runner.I turned around to catch another glimpse of this onewoman wonder.She was __12__ moving forward,not letting anything hold her back.That's when it __13__ me.Nobody was.
As I walked toward my car,remembering the elderly woman's energy and __14__,I made a decision.I would fill my empty nest with __15__.I was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.
1.A.dive B.look
C.turn D.fall
2.A.calm B.lonely
C.different D.scared
3.A.walk B.run
C.drive D.cut
4.A.planed B.skipped
C.sheltered D.lazed
5.A.flashing B.rolling
C.wandering D.stepping
6.A.target B.distraction
C.motivation D.option
7.A.imagined B.anticipated
C.spotted D.experienced
8.A.asking B.teaching
C.permitting D.informing
9.A.took care of B.caught sight of
C.spoke highly of D.took advantage of
10.A.satisfied B.positive
C.empty D.desperate
11.A.right B.general
C.opposite D.same
12.A.definitely B.blindly
C.uncertainly D.independently
13.A.bothered B.hit
C.upset D.interested
14.A.ambition B.curiosity
C.devotion D.enthusiasm
15.A.affection B.attention
C.abundance D.gratitude
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在抚养三个子女长大成人后,逐渐变成了空巢老人。文章讲述了她从一开始的空虚、孤独到决定要改变现状,丰富自己的生活,积极热情地迎接未来的心路变化历程。
1.A [解析]根据上一句“After twentytwo years raising three children,I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”可知,作者在孩子们长大成人后,成了空巢老人,因此要开始投入新的生活和体验。故选A。
2.B [解析]根据句意及第二段最后一句中的but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness可知,作者在开始新的体验时感到孤独。故选B。
3.C [解析]根据最后一段第一句中As I walked toward my car可知,作者是开车去的这条小道。故选C。
4.D [解析]根据下文“These small peaceful scenes provided me with a(n) __6__,but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.”中的peaceful scenes可知,作者看到的是和平、宁静的景象,小动物们都生活得很悠闲、自在,所以lazed符合语境。故选D。
5.A [解析]根据句意及常识可知,小兔子一般都是蹦蹦跳跳,行动迅速,所以“闪进”灌木林符合语境。故选A。
6.B [解析]根据句意及常识可知,作者当时正处于孤独的情感中,这些宁静的场景能够使她稍稍摆脱孤独,即这些场景可以让她分散一下注意力,不再深陷孤独之中。故选B。
7.C [解析]根据上一句“Still,I continued to walk the path.”可知,作者继续沿着小道行走,因此看到了一些新的景象。故选C。
8.B [解析]根据空后his daughter to ride her twowheeler可知,作者看到一位父亲在教自己的女儿学习骑自行车。故选B。
9.D [解析]根据上一句“ I __7__ something new: couples,young and old,holding hands,chatting as they walked; a father __8__ his daughter to ride her twowheeler; a woman doing tai chi.”可知,人们都在小道上做着各自的事情,即都充分利用了这条小道。故选D。
10.C [解析]根据第一段中的“After twentytwo years raising three children,I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”和“Why,then was I not excited,but __2__?”可知,作者刚刚步入空巢时期,还没有适应这种状态,所以感到空虚和孤独。因此,当她看到小道上人们的生活状态时,她被深深吸引的同时,也想知道有没有人和她一样感到空虚和孤独。故选C。
11.C [解析]根据后文“I turned around to catch another glimpse of this onewoman wonder.”可知,作者需要转过身看这位女士,说明她应该是从作者对面走过,与作者是相反方向。故选C。
12.A [解析]由空后的not letting anything hold her back可知,这位年长的女士不受任何事情的阻碍,坚定地向前行走,因此前进的目标是非常明确的。故选A。
13.B [解析]根据前文“One morning,an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view.”和“She was __12__ moving forward,not letting anything hold her back.”并结合本句句意可知,这位年长的、行走不便的女士坚定不移地、不受干扰地向前行走的场景触动了作者,那个时刻她突然意识到没人感到孤单。it hit sb.that意为“某人突然意识到”。故选B。
14.D [解析]根据前文“One morning,an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view.”和“She was __12__ moving forward,not letting anything hold her back.”可知,这位年长的女士虽然行走不便,却还是坚定不移地、不受干扰地向前行走,说明她对生活充满了活力和热情。故选D。
15.C [解析]根据下一句“I was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.”及全文内容可知,作者在看到小道上人们的生活状态后,决定为自己创造美好未来,让自己的空巢生活变得丰富多彩。故选C。
UNIT 11 限时规范练(B)
(限时30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
On the eve of this week's rail strikes,it was reported that the industry bosses are planning to weed_out paper train tickets and close almost 1,000 station ticket offices in England.The transport secretary,Grant Shapps,has made no secret of his desire to see costs saved in this way.Some stations sell only a handful of tickets each week and the vast majority of transactions(交易) have moved online.
In the name of costcutting,station ticket offices are likely to follow the telephone booth on the corner and become memory.For those who have grown used to the benefits of organizing travel via smart phones,there will be little to feel sorry for.But for people without online access or skills,who tend to be older,poorer,and more fragile,another social barrier will have been built.
From medical appointments to payment apps for parking,more and more key services are now delivered digitally.As this revolution takes place,the interests of a significant minority are being ignored to some extent.In the case of health and social care,for example,it will often be those most in need of assistance who are least able to employ electronic devices.
The debate over ticket offices offers an opportunity to reflect more broadly on the increasing role of technology in our social landscape.The unavoidable trend towards technology is predictable,but its possible consequences need to be managed with more care.With the expanding range and increasing complexity of digital requirements,the aged are gradually withdrawing from increasing social services in their lives.Ros Altmann,the former pensions minister,recently wrote of being contacted by an elderly woman who no longer drives to her local park,because she cannot download the car parking app required.
Much more needs to be invested in helping gain easy online access.Alternative offline options must be maintained for important services.Contactable telephone numbers of relevant staff should always be available.These will cost more.But that is the price of digital transformation.
1.What does the underlined phrase “weed_out” mean in the first paragraph?
A.Pass on to. B.Give in to.
C.Get rid of. D.Put up with.
2.Who will be kept out of service by the plan to sell tickets online?
A.The aged. B.The young.
C.The rich. D.The strong.
3.What can we infer about the digital transformation?
A.It will meet the demand of consumers.
B.It will cost much less than planned.
C.It will need to be updated constantly.
D.It will result in new social problems.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.The accessibility of important offline services.
B.The attitudes of the elderly towards technology.
C.The barriers caused by digital transformation.
D.The pros and cons of marketing tickets online.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了车票的销售方式转移到线上所引起的问题,这对于没有网络或不会使用智能手机的人而言是一种社会障碍,他们面临被排除在外和被孤立的风险。最后作者指出,不仅需要投入更多的资源来帮助人们能够上网或学会上网,而且要继续保留线下服务。
1.C [解析]词义猜测题。根据画线短语后close almost 1,000 station ticket offices in England可知,此处指行业领导正计划淘汰纸质火车票,并关闭英国近1 000个车站售票处。weed out意为“除去;淘汰”。故选C。
2.A [解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But for people without online access or skills,who tend to be older,poorer,and more fragile,another social barrier will have been built.”可知,老年人被网上售票服务排除在外。故选A。
3.D [解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But for people without online access or skills,who tend to be older,poorer,and more fragile,another social barrier will have been built.”和第三段中的“As this revolution takes place,the interests of a significant minority ...assistance who are least able to employ electronic devices.”可知,数字化转型会导致一些新的社会问题。故选D。
4.C [解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了车票的销售方式转移到线上所引起的问题,这对没有网络或不会使用智能手机的人而言是一种社会障碍。C项“数字化转型引起的障碍”能够概括文章大意。故选C。
B
Both Roberto and Keith have a 45minute commute(通勤) time from their homes to their workplace. When Roberto drives, he has realistic expectations of how others drive and how long the trip should take. Overall, he is able to adapt to any unexpected challenges he may face on the road. He rarely becomes angry. By contrast, Keith drives with a tendency for becoming angry easily, partly due to unrealistic expectations of other drivers, his quickness to personalize and feel threatened by the actions of others, and his inability to calm his anger.
The difference between how Roberto and Keith experience their drive to work, especially with regard to getting angry, is influenced very much by their emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is crucial for helping individuals choose constructive over destructive anger. A key aspect of healthy anger is being able to pause and reflect on, rather than react to, our thoughts, feelings, and senses associated with getting angry.
Selfregulation and empathy(同理心) are two important components of emotional intelligence, which can be a buffer(缓冲) against destructive anger. Selfregulation helps us to control our moods. Empathy helps us to recognize the humanity in others and ourselves.
Studies suggest that training in emotional intelligence can powerfully impact how anger is managed. This was supported by a threeyear study of 476 young adults who showed reduced tendency of becoming angry after training. Children and adults can learn skills to boost their emotional intelligence and, by doing so, develop adaptability for dealing with various negative affect, including anger. Many workbooks offer skills in emotional intelligence to promote empathy and selfawareness regarding emotions and how they impact our beliefs and behavior.
Clearly, through training, Keith would experience greater emotional flexibility that could support a more peaceful commute to work. I firmly believe that learning skills in emotional intelligence should be the focus in helping individuals more constructively manage this highly challenging and complex emotion.
5.What is the function of the first paragraph?
A.To tell a true story.
B.To make a comparison.
C.To introduce the main topic.
D.To present an important finding.
6.Which of the following is the main point of healthy anger?
A.Thinking over the annoying situation.
B.Taking action to deal with the awful situation.
C.Turning a blind eye to the unwelcome situation.
D.Expressing feelings about the disturbing situation.
7.What is the author's attitude towards training in emotional intelligence?
A.Tolerant. B.Doubtful.
C.Negative. D.Supportive.
8.What is the suitable title of the text?
A.Friends Should Enjoy Peaceful Commute
B.Drivers Need to Boost Their Emotional Intelligence
C.Emotional Intelligence Is a Buffer Against Destructive Anger
D.Emotional Intelligence Has a Powerful Impact on People's Life
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了Roberto和Keith两人上班通勤时的情绪反应差异,这种差异主要受他们的情商的影响。
5.C [解析]推理判断题。根据第一段可推知,第一段的主要作用是引出话题。故选C。
6.A [解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A key aspect of healthy anger is being able to pause and reflect on, rather than react to, our thoughts, feelings, and senses associated with getting angry.”可知,健康愤怒的要点是仔细考虑恼人的情况。故选A。
7.D [解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,作者对情商训练的态度是支持的。故选D。
8.C [解析]标题概括题。根据文章大意以及最后一段可知,情商可以帮助人们管理复杂的情绪。因此C项“Emotional Intelligence Is a Buffer Against Destructive Anger(情商是对破坏性愤怒的缓冲)”适合作本文的标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五阅读
Having good communication skills is important.They can help you with presentations in class,during job interviews,when handling arguments,and in a variety of other situations.1.______
Make eye contact. Whether you are speaking or listening,looking into the eyes of the person with whom you are conversing can make the interaction more successful.One technique to help with this is to consciously look into one of the listener's eyes and then move to the other eye.Going back and forth between the two makes your eyes appear to sparkle.2.______ It is a line across the eye brows and the vertical(垂直的) line comes down the center of the nose.Keep your eyes scanning that zone.
Be aware of what your body is saying. Body language can say so much more than a mouthful of words.An open opinion with arms relaxed at your sides tells anyone around you that you are approachable and open to hearing what they have to say.3.______ Often,communication can be stopped before it starts by body language that tells people you don't want to talk.
4.______ Not only should one be able to speak effectively; one must listen to the other person's words and engage in communication on what the other person is speaking about.Avoid the impulse to listen only for the end of their sentence so that you can blurt out the ideas or memories in your mind while the other person is speaking.
Slow your speech down. People will perceive you as nervous and unsure of yourself if you talk fast.5.______ Practice this and,after a period of time,your speed will begin to lower.However,be careful not to slow down to the point where people begin to finish your sentences just to help you finish.
A.Develop effective listening skills.
B.Form the habit of speaking effectively.
C.Begin doing exercises to lower your speech.
D.Here's what you can do to change the situation.
E.Fortunately,there are some ways to improve your skills.
F.However,crossed ones suggest disinterest in conversation.
G.Another trick is to imagine a letter “T” on the listener's face.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高沟通技巧的几种方法。
1.E [解析]设空前介绍拥有良好的沟通技巧很重要;设空后介绍了几种提高沟通技巧的方法。所以设空处为过渡句,承上启下,引出下文的沟通技巧。E项“幸运的是,有一些方法可以提高你的技能”符合上下文文意,故选E。
2.G [解析]设空前介绍了一种眼神交流技巧;设空后介绍听众脸上有一根横跨眉毛的线和一根以鼻子为中心的垂直线,你可以看着这两根线,这个方法和前文提及的不一样,所以空处应该介绍了一种新方法。G项“另一个技巧是想象听众脸上有一个字母‘T’”符合上下文文意,故选G。
3.F [解析]设空前介绍双臂放松的动作告诉周围的人你平易近人,乐于听取他们的意见;设空后介绍(这种)身体语言告诉人们你不想说话。所以设空处应该介绍另一种肢体语言。F项“然而,交叉的双臂表示你对谈话不感兴趣”符合上下文文意,故选F。
4.A [解析]此处是本段主题句。下文讲述我们要倾听对方说的话,并且和他们交流。A项“培养有效的倾听技能”能够概括本段内容,故选A。
5.C [解析]设空前介绍过快的演讲速度会让听众觉得你很紧张,对自己不自信;设空后介绍练习了一段时间后,自己的演讲速度就会开始下降。所以设空处应介绍我们可以通过练习来降低自己的演讲速度,C项符合上下文文意,故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·山东枣庄模拟)Harmony is a core value of China's Hehe(和合) culture,which is 1.__________(wide) appreciated in modern Chinese society.
The term “Hehe” 2.__________(consist) of two Chinese characters that have the same pronunciation but different meanings:the first means harmony,and the second means convergence.In short,Hehe culture involves 3.__________(seek) common ground while reserving differences,and it means harmonious coexistence and coordinated development.Liuchixiang,a 2meterwide alley in Anhui's Tongcheng City,is a location in China 4.__________ has its own story of harmony.
During the reign of Emperor Kangxi over 300 years ago,highranking official Zhang Ying received 5.__________ letter from his family in Tongcheng,his hometown.In their letter,they told Zhang that they had quarreled 6.__________ property boundaries with their neighbor,Wu,and asked for help.
Zhang replied to their letter with a poem:“A letter is written just for a wall.7.__________ it moves a meter,what harm is done? The Great Wall still stands tall today,yet 8.__________ (go) is its builder,Emperor Qinshihuang.”
Enlightened by his reply,the Zhang family decided 9.__________(bring) their walls back by approximately one meter.Deeply moved by their generosity,the Wu family also brought their walls back by a meter,and the two households created a 2meterwide alley between their homes for passersby.
The alley is now a popular 10.__________(attract) that is traversed daily by locals.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以六尺巷的故事为例,说明了和谐是中国和合文化的核心。
1.widely [解析]考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处位于动词之前,修饰动词,须用副词形式。wide的副词形式为widely,意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
2.consists [解析]考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,句子中缺少谓语动词,所以须填入谓语动词。此处陈述客观事实,因此用一般现在时;句子的主语The term为单数,因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。
3.seeking [解析]考查非谓语动词。involve意为“涉及”,为及物动词,后加动名词。故填seeking。
4.that/which [解析]考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,空格处为定语从句的关系词,且在从句中作主语;其先行词location为地点,所以用that或which。故填that/which。
5.a [解析]考查冠词。空格处位于可数名词前,此处泛指“一封信”,所以用不定冠词;letter以辅音音素开头,应用a修饰。故填a。
6.over/about [解析]考查介词。“关于某事争吵”为quarrel about/over sth.;此处指的是“就地基边界问题争吵”。故填over/about。
7.If [解析]考查条件状语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,空格处须填入连词;根据后一分句可知,此处表示“如果移动一米”,所以须填入表示“如果”的if,引导条件状语从句。句首单词首字母大写。故填If。
8.gone [解析]考查形容词。此处句子倒装,且此处表示的是“建造者秦始皇已经不在了”;形容词gone意为“不复存在的”。故填gone。
9.to bring [解析]考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”,所以此处填动词不定式。故填to bring。
10.attraction [解析]考查名词。空格处位于不定冠词之后,因此须填入名词单数,attract的名词为attraction。故填attraction。
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