必修第一册 UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS 限时规范练（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（北师大版）

UNIT 2　限时规范练(A) (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A week ago，“Sports for Life” programme was sent to the parents，requiring them to select a sport that they wanted their child to play.Since then，our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it.Here is a memo(备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones. Sport 1：Basketball We expect that this will be the most popular of the four sports.Therefore，students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.Students will take a private bus to and from the Kwun Tong Sports Park.To cover the cost of hiring a bus，each student will have to pay $10 each time.There will be four basketball courts with one teacher monitoring each game. Sport 2：Gym We will be using the St.Peter's Memorial Park.There are two reasons for choosing this park.First，it is not very busy and crowded before 6：00 p．m.Second，it has a lot of trees with plenty of shade.Students must bring along two bottles of water to prevent thirst.Three activities—skipping，jogging，and outdoor aerobics(有氧运动) are all free of charge.And there will be a teacher on duty for each of the activities. Sport 3：Hiking Hiking will take place at the Kowloon Peak.The activity will start at 2：30 p．m. and finish 90 minutes later.Three teachers will accompany the students，and a hiking instructor will accompany each group of 15 hikers.Each instructor will cost $75 per hour.Students are advised to bring plenty of water and sunscreen. Sport 4：Swimming The Kowloon City Aquatic Centre is a 10­minute walk from our school.Four teachers will go to the pool and conduct the students from the poolside.We will only be able to reserve the pool for one hour (2：45 p．m. to 3：45 p．m.).Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity.The pool will have two lifeguards present.Girls must wear a swimming suit.The cost is $10 per visit. 1．Who is the memo intended for? A．The parents.　　　 B．The students. C．The workers. D．The teachers. 2．Why is the gym recommended in the St.Peter's Memorial Park? A．It provides free­for­all activities. B．It offers shelters from the sun. C．It covers the cost of transport. D．It remains uncrowded all day. 3．What is a student required to do if taking part in swimming? A．To pay $10 in all. B．To arrive at 4：00 p．m. C．To wear a swimming suit. D．To be good at swimming. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Sports for Life项目提供的供家长为孩子们选择的四种运动。 1．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since then，our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it.Here is a memo for your reference when you answer the phones.(从那时起，我们的工作人员就接到了很多家长的电话，询问关于该项目的更多信息。这是一份备忘录，供您接电话时参考。)”可知，备忘录是为工作人员准备的，故选C。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据“Sport 2: Gym”部分中“Second，it has a lot of trees with plenty of shade.(其次，它有很多树，树荫充足。)”可知，推荐在圣彼得纪念公园进行体育活动的原因之一是那里有很多树荫，故选B。 3．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据“Sport 4: Swimming”部分中“Only students skillful at swimming can take up this activity.(只有擅长游泳的学生才能参加这项活动。)”可知，只有擅长游泳的学生才能参加这项活动，故选D。 B (2025·安徽示范高中联考)The Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship is only 8.5 kilometers long，but it is considered one of the hardest cycling challenges in the world. If you've ever ridden a bike against a reasonably strong wind，you know just how difficult dealing with the extra drag can be.However，the Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship only takes place during storms，when the wind force is expected to be at least 7，on the Oosterscheldekering storm barrier，which faces the North Sea. The Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship has been held almost every year on the Oosterscheldekering since 2013，gathering hundreds of cycling enthusiasts from all over the Netherlands.Participants are limited to 300，all of whom start in the same place，30 seconds apart from each other.The cyclist who completes the 8.5­kilometer course first is declared the winner. With weather conditions as bad as they are during this unique race，any kind of technical advantage can make a huge difference.Therefore，organizers try to level_the_playing_field by ensuring that all participants use the same equipment—a single­speed aluminum city bike with back­pedal brakes.The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance(忍耐力). You might be wondering why anyone would want to torture their legs by pedaling against winds that could sweep a person off their feet，and that's a valid question，but the point is that many Dutch do.You may get a glimpse of the reason for their enthusiasm from the interview of a professional athlete，Lisa Scheenaard，who has won the last three editions in the women's category.As she put it，“For me，it's not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally.It inspires and changes me as a person.As a cyclist，that's the biggest part.” 4．What makes the Championship so challenging? A．The length. B．The wind. C．The procedure. D．The equipment. 5．What do the underlined words “level_the_playing_field” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Keep the race fair. B．Grade the race. C．Make the field flat. D．Hold the competition. 6．What can be inferred from the text? A.Participants with determination are more likely to win. B．Whoever has an interest in cycling can take part in it. C．The Championship has been organized every other year. D．All participants are required to start in the same place at the same time. 7．Why are so many Dutch enthusiastic about the Championship? A．To compete and win the award. B．To seek their fortune. C．To challenge and improve themselves. D．To keep their figure. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。荷兰逆风自行车锦标赛被认为是世界上最艰难的自行车挑战之一。文章介绍了比赛的规则、难度以及人们的参与热情。 4．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However，the Dutch Headwind Time Trial Championship only takes place during storms，when the wind force is expected to be at least 7，on the Oosterscheldekering storm barrier，which faces the North Sea.”可知，逆风使得锦标赛具有挑战性。故选B。 5．A　[解析]词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“all participants use the same equipment—a single­speed aluminum city bike with back­pedal brakes.The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance.”可知，组织者这样做就是为了保证比赛的公平，因此第四段中画线词的意思是“保持比赛公平”。故选A。 6．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The only things that can provide an advantage are fitness and endurance.”以及最后一段中的“For me，it's not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally.It inspires and changes me as a person.As a cyclist，that's the biggest part.”可知，要获胜必须要有体能、耐力和决心。故选A。 7．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For me，it's not just to win the champion but to push myself physically and mentally.It inspires and changes me as a person.As a cyclist，that's the biggest part.”可知，这么多荷兰人对锦标赛充满热情是为了挑战和提高自己。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging.She began __1__ her family's waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single­use __2__ behind. “It's cheaper and you know that the item will __3__ being used instead of being set aside—so it's just perfect! Each of us plays a big __4__ in taking care of the environment.It's __5__ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.” Any glass container is __6__ and repurposed for something else.This means that the family only send a piece of __7__ to landfill every two weeks on average.She tries not to buy any plastic at all，but when she does，she will get it __8__ washed and recycled. The family also grow their own tomatoes，lettuce，and some other vegetables in the garden，and have orange trees outdoors.Laura has also __9__ herself in a community of friends who __10__ items with each other that they need，like furniture or plates. She said，“We tried to use the minimum __11__ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives.If we really had to __12__ anything，first we tried at the __13__ market.” To help educate her kids，Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they __14__ rubbish as they go.“They enjoy this __15__，because they know it's better for the environment，” she said. 1．A.considering B．reducing C．analyzing D．dividing 2．A.pots B．handles C．items D．collections 3．A.continue B．stop C．fancy D．delay 4．A.game B．lead C．match D．role 5．A.original B．enjoyable C．cautious D．normal 6．A.attended to B．left out C．washed up D．taken away 7．A.equipment B．furniture C．glass D．rubbish 8．A.thoroughly B．delightedly C．modestly D．accidentally 9．A.devoted B．found C．exposed D．buried 10．A.share B．trade C．discuss D．clarify 11．A.necessary B．valuable C．ordinary D．possible 12．A.purchase B．discover C．approach D．preserve 13．A.far­away B．duty­free C．second­hand D．life­long 14．A.pull out B．pick up C．hold back D．keep off 15．A.activity B．idea C．theme D．jungle 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了劳拉一家身体力行，从小事做起，践行环保节能的故事。 1．B　[解析]根据上文“Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging.”可知，劳拉鼓励孩子们变废为宝。由此可推知，设空处应表示劳拉在搬家时开始减少家中的废弃物并决定留下所有一次性物品。故选B。 2．C　[解析]根据上文all single­use和下文It's cheaper and you know that the item可知，这里是指所有一次性的物品。故选C。 3．A　[解析]根据下文being used instead of being set aside可知，这些东西会被继续使用。故选A。 4．D　[解析]根据下文“It's __5__ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”可知，劳拉认为，在保护环境方面，人人有责，所以在她看来，我们每个人都能起作用。play a big role in意为“在……方面起重要作用”。故选D。 5．B　[解析]根据下文to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation可知，在劳拉看来，保护环境，爱护身边的环境是一种享受，是令人感到快乐的事情，而不是一种负担或其他的感受。故选B。 6．C　[解析]根据下文repurposed for something else可知，因为还要被再次利用，故应是先被清洗干净。故选C。 7．D　[解析]根据下文to landfill可知，他们是送垃圾到垃圾填埋场。故选D。 8．A　[解析]根据上下文可知，塑料制品污染严重，所以当避免不了要买时，劳拉会将塑料制品彻底地清洗干净并循环利用。故选A。 9．B　[解析]根据下文“herself in a community of friends who __10__ items with each other that they need”可知，劳拉经常参加这样的活动。“find oneself ...” 是一个固定用法，意为“发现自己处在某种状态”。故选B。 10．B　[解析]根据下文with each other that they need可知，这里指互换以至不浪费。trade意为“相互交换，以物易物”。故选B。 11．D　[解析]句中minimum是动词use的宾语，而possible是其后置定语，possible的意思是“(尽)可能的”。故选D。 12．A　[解析]根据下文“first we tried at the __13__ market”可知，去市场是要购买一些东西，这是与上文一物多次利用和与他人交换使用相对应的行为，即不得不购买时。故选A。 13．C　[解析]根据上文“Laura has also __9__ herself in a community of friends who __10__ items with each other that they need，like furniture or plates.”和“We tried to use the minimum __11__ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives.”可知，劳拉为了节能环保和减少浪费，去二手市场更符合情理。故选C。 14．B　[解析]根据上文“To help educate her kids，Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest”可知，劳拉这样做是为了教育孩子们，所以应该是在森林里捡垃圾。故选B。 15．A　[解析]根据上文“To help educate her kids，Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they __14__ rubbish as they go.”可知，这里指的是劳拉带孩子们去森林里散步并一起捡垃圾这个活动。故选A。 UNIT 2　限时规范练(B) (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does，however，have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50­kilometer race walk，which is about five miles longer than the marathon.But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity，however，says Jaclyn Norberg，an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem，Mass. Like running，race walking is physically demanding，she says.According to most calculations，race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour，which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking，although fewer than running，which would probably burn about 10，000 or more calories per hour. However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does，Dr.Norberg says.According to her research，runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step，while race walkers，who do not leave the ground，create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique，she says.It takes some practice. 1．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A．They must run long distances. B．They have to follow special rules. C．They are qualified for the marathon. D．They are good at swinging their legs. 2．What advantage does race walking have over running? A．It's less challenging physically. B．It's more popular at the Olympics. C．It's less likely to cause knee injuries. D．It's more effective in body building. 3．What is Dr.Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking? A．Doing regular exercises. B．Having a medical checkup. C．Hiring an experienced coach. D．Getting experts' opinions. 4．Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking? A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Supportive. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但也表示要想从事这项运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。 1．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，竞走运动员之所以有条件要求是因为运动员需要遵守某些特殊的运动规则。故选B。 2．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，竞走与跑步相比，它的优势是膝盖受伤的可能性较小。故选C。 3．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique”可知，Dr.Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选D。 4．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，作者既提了竞走的优势，又指出它有自己的问题，由此可知，作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选A。 B While we may think it feels good to complain，complaining has some bad effects associated with it. Why isn't complaining beneficial？Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.The brain is designed to work efficiently.This means that when we repeat a thought，negative or positive，the nerve cells will form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed.Therefore，the next time we have a similar type of thought，it is more easily passed.This explains why certain thought patterns become habits. Yet the harmful effects don't stop there.A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus(海马区)，which plays a vital role in problem­solving，to become smaller. In addition to causing brain damage，complaining also releases a stress hormone：cortisol(皮质醇)，a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger.Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure，high blood sugar，and lower immunity(免疫力). The ill effects of our complaining aren't just limited to ourselves；they also involve those around us.We tend to mirror the moods of our friends.For this reason，we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions. The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude(感激).Just like complaining acts as a poison，gratitude acts as a medicine.Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent，as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar.It also decreases tiredness and depression.Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining，a behavior that steals our brain power，happiness and physical well­being. What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others？Have you noticed that when you are grateful，you feel better all over？Please share your thoughts in the comments section below. 5．What do Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The diseases caused by complaining. B．The decrease of a vital part of our brain. C.The bad effects of complaining on brain power. D.The reason why certain thought patterns become habits. 6．What can we know about cortisol from the passage? A．Gratitude is an effective cure for cortisol. B．Our bodies produce cortisol when we feel excited. C．Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage. D．Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems. 7．What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers? A．Grateful. B．Tolerant. C．Disapproving. D．Skeptical. 8．Where can the passage most probably appear? A．In a newspaper. B．In a medical report. C．On a website. D．In a radio program. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。除了造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力激素——皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致许多健康问题。文章还指出处理持续负面情绪的最好方法是培养一种感激之情。 5．C　[解析]主旨大意题。第二段主要解释了抱怨是如何对大脑产生消极影响的，第三段说明抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。因而第二、三段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选C。 6．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，皮质醇水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故选D。 7．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“For this reason，we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.”可知，作者对于固执的抱怨者的态度是不赞成的。故选C。 8．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“你可以在下面评论区分享你的想法”可知，文章最有可能出现在网站上。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 When students get home，they usually sit down at the table and pull out their homework.Piles of papers rise all the way to the ceiling.American students should get less homework on a daily basis.1.______ Loads of homework can cause stress in a student and lead to health issues in the body and mind.Stress causes lack of sleep，slipping grades，tiredness，unhealthy eating habits，depression，and so on.Nervous breakdowns can make completing homework much more of a struggle and also affect the health and life of a student. 2．______ The recommended amount is 10 minutes times the grade level.So first grade gets 10 minutes; second grade gets 20 minutes; third grade gets 30 minutes，and so on，but kids are doing much more than that.Twenty three percent of 13­year­olds do more than 2 hours a night.3.______ There is no academic benefit for high school students after 2 hours and there are no academic benefits for middle school students after one and a half hours. Doing homework all night can take away a student's free time and sleep.Always doing homework can lead to less time for sports and after­school activities.4.______ Worse still，hanging out with friends is decreased，so that means there is less socializing.Staying up late and doing homework take away a student's time to sleep.Not enough sleep can leave students tired，and at school they might focus less or fall asleep during class. Shouldn't students get less homework so that they can be happy and have more time with family and friends? 5.______ If teachers and parents tried to reduce the amount of homework，there would be a decrease in stress and anxiety and an increase in happiness! A．Lack of sleep can cause great stress. B．The more the students do，the less they get out of doing it. C．Administrators，teachers，and parents need to address this issue. D．Family time is also decreased，which can add more family conflict. E.Homework­related anxiety and stress can affect school work negatively. F．Kids are doing more than the recommended amount with no academic benefits. G．Anyway，too much homework can cause quite a few physical and mental problems. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大量的家庭作业可能会给学生带来的身心健康问题，并号召管理人员、教师和家长解决这个问题。 1．G　[解析]前文提到美国孩子应减少作业量，又根据后文“Loads of homework can cause stress in a student and lead to health issues in the body and mind.”可知，此处是讲过多的家庭作业会导致身心健康问题。选项G“无论如何，太多的家庭作业会导致很多身体和精神问题”符合语境。故选G。 2．F　[解析]根据后文“The recommended amount is 10 minutes times the grade level.So first grade gets 10 minutes; second grade gets 20 minutes; third grade gets 30 minutes，and so on，but kids are doing much more than that.”可知，此处是指学生的实际作业量远超推荐量是没有好处的，选项F“孩子们的作业量超过了推荐量，而且没有任何学业上的好处”符合语境。故选F。 3．B　[解析]根据后文“There is no academic benefit for high school students after 2 hours and there are no academic benefits for middle school students after one and a half hours.”可知，此处是讲学生的作业量太多没有任何好处。选项B“学生做得越多，从中得到的就越少”符合语境。故选B。 4．D　[解析]根据前文“Always doing homework can lead to less time for sports and after­school activities.”和后文“Worse still，hanging out with friends is decreased，so that means there is less socializing.”可知，此处是讲过多的作业会导致学生各方面的时间减少以及带来的后果。选项D“家庭时间也减少，这可能会增加更多的家庭冲突”符合语境。故选D。 5．C　[解析]根据后文“If teachers and parents tried to reduce the amount of homework，there would be a decrease in stress and anxiety and an increase in happiness！”可知，此处是讲号召教师和家长解决家庭作业过多的问题。选项C“管理人员、教师和家长需要解决这个问题”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Figure skating 1.__________(come) a long way since its beginning.Back in the eighteenth century in the UK，the sport was popular among the people in the highest social class.2.__________ (gradual)，more skating enthusiasts from Germany，the United States and Canada 3.__________(follow) suit.In the 1860s，Jackson Haines，4.__________ US ballet dancer and skater，used more artistic moves to make the sport less formal，earning him the title of “the father of modern figure skating”． Skaters wearing eye­catching trousers，tights or skirts perform 5.__________(vary) movements.Skaters can compete 6.__________ individuals，pairs or groups.Skaters need to complete two components：short program and free skate. Figure skating requires the athletes to focus on both technical and performance 7.__________ (aspect) of skating.“A really good skater needs to be able to look effortless when they perform their elements.Without 8.__________(strong)，courage and years of practice，it's really hard 9.__________(achieve) that goal and make an emotional connection with audience.” Olympic gold medalist and US retired skater Scott Hamilton told CNN.“And that's 10.__________ I liked about it.” 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了花样滑冰的由来和一些相关知识。 1．has come　[解析]考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本空应填谓语动词；因为有时间状语since its beginning，所以要用现在完成时；主语Figure skating是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has come。 2．Gradually　[解析]考查副词。句意：渐渐地，更多来自德国、美国和加拿大的滑冰爱好者也纷纷效仿。副词gradually(渐渐地)在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Gradually。 3．followed　[解析]考查动词的时态。根据上文Back in the eighteenth century in the UK可知，此处说的是18世纪的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故填followed。 4．a　[解析]考查冠词。名词US ballet dancer和 skater是指同一个人，即Jackson Haines，此处要共用不定冠词，US以辅音音素开头，用a表示“一名”放在名词前。故填a。 5．various　[解析]考查形容词。句意：滑冰运动员穿着引人注目的裤子、紧身衣或裙子，表演各种动作。形容词various(各种各样的)作定语修饰名词movements。故填various。 6．as　[解析]考查介词。句意：滑冰运动员可以作为个人、双人或团体参加比赛。介词as(作为)与后边的名词“individuals，pairs or groups”一起在句中作方式状语。故填as。 7．aspects　[解析]考查名词的数。根据空前both technical and performance可知，此处是指“技术和表演”两个方面，所以要用复数形式。故填aspects。 8．strength　[解析]考查名词。介词Without后要接不可数名词strength(力量)作宾语，与后边的名词courage 和 years of practice是并列的。故填strength。 9．to achieve　[解析]考查非谓语动词。在“it is ＋ adj.＋ to do”句式中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填to achieve。 10．what　[解析]考查表语从句的引导词。空处引导表语从句，用连接代词what引导该从句，并且在从句中作动词liked的宾语。故填what。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$