第1部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 3 CONSERVATION（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（北师大版）

(2022·全国甲卷)你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1．海洋的重要性； 2．保护海洋的倡议。 When it comes to the ocean，its pollution is becoming more and more serious.World Oceans Day，falling on June 8th，is aimed at raising people's awareness of the ocean conservation. The ocean plays a key role in our world.Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food，but it also maintains the balance of nature.Thus，it is imperative to protect the ocean.First of all，❶what we can do is place importance on our daily actions.For example，garbage can't be thrown into the ocean.What's more，we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.❷The more people are involved，the better the ocean environment is. All in all，it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean.To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves. 用左栏加黑的句式完成/翻译句子 ①我们在昨天的会议上决定要做的是努力提高人民的生活水平。 What_we_decided_to_do_in_the_meeting yesterday was that we should make great efforts to improve people's living standards. ②你越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 The_harder_you_work，the_more_progress_you_will_make. ：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　1 switch vi.& vt.转换，改变 n．转换；[C]开关 单句语法填空 ①Switch over if you don't like the programme. ②(2023·浙江1月卷)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago ... ③Could you please switch off all the lights when you leave the room? ④We asked them if they would switch places with us. 应用文单句写作 ⑤然而，1937年淞沪会战爆发后，钱学森决定转而主修航空制造。 But after the Battle of Shanghai broke out in 1937，Qian Xuesen decided_to_switch_his_ major to aviation manufacturing. switch off切断(电源等)；关掉(开关) switch on打开(开关)；接通(电源等) switch (from ...) to ...(从……)转变成……，(从……)转换到…… switch sth.with sb.和某人交换某物 switch over转换；改变；换台；换频道 　2 decrease vi.& vt.减少 n．减少；减少的量 单句语法填空 ①There is a decrease of nearly 7% in the number of visitors to the museum. ②The number of independent firms decreased from 198 to 96. ③It's said that the price of wheat has decreased by 15% by now. ①on the decrease在减少中 a decrease in ...在……方面减少 ②decrease to ...减少到…… decrease by ...减少了…… decrease from ...to ...从……减少到…… 应用文单句写作 ④由于人类的活动，一些珍稀动物的数量在减少。 Because of human activity, the_number_of_some_rare_animals_is_on_the_decrease． decrease的反义词increase的用法： ①increase to ...增加(长)到…… ②increase by ...增加(长)了…… ③on the increase在增加中 　3 blame vt.责怪，指责；把……归咎于 n．责备；指责 单句语法填空 ①You are not to_blame(blame).I can't put the blame on you. ②You shouldn't blame John for the failure. ＝You shouldn't blame the failure on John. 一句多译 ③老实说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。 →To be honest，Li Hua should_be_to_blame_for the conflict.(blame v．) →Honestly speaking，Li Hua should_take_the_blame_for the conflict.(blame n．) ①blame sb.for sth./doing sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事 blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for ...) (对……) 负有责任/应(为……)受责备(主动形式表示被动含义) ②put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人 take the blame (for ...) 应(为……)承担责任/受责备 4 annoyed adj.烦恼的，生 气的 [拓展]annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰annoyance n．烦恼；使人烦恼的事annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的 单句语法填空 ①He was annoyed at the annoying news that his parents told him.(annoy) ②The boss was annoyed with him because he was often late for work this month. ③To his annoyance(annoy)，he found they hadn't waited for him.　 应用文单句写作 ④让老师和同学们感到苦恼的是一些网络学习资源不是那么有用。 What_annoys_teachers_and_students is that some online learning resources are not so useful. ①annoy sb.with/by ...因……而使某人烦恼 ②be annoyed at/about sth.因某事而生气 be annoyed with sb.对某人生气 ③to one's annoyance使某人生气的是 　5 relate vi.相联系，有关联 [拓展]related adj.有联系的；相关的relation n．关系；联系；亲属 单句语法填空 ①The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to/with an increase in unemployment. ②It is required that the composition (should) be related to the students' life. ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors，including reduced concentration，an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. ①be related to ...与……有关联 relate ...to/with ...把……与……联系起来 relate to涉及；和……相关；谈到；理解 ②in/with relation to ...与……有关；与……相比 ④(2022·全国甲卷)One day，he talked with me and hoped to mend our relations(relate). 应用文单句写作 ⑤此外，我还通过在旅行社兼职，陪同一些外国游客积累了相关经验。 What's more，I have accumulated related_experience_by_working_part­time in a travel agency，accompanying some foreign tourists. 　6 claim vt.声称；断言；主张n.声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求 单句语法填空 ①A shipping company has made a claim for the cost of salvaging(打捞) a sunken ship. ②Nobody has claimed to_take(take) the blame for the gas leakage. ③The doctor claimed to have_discovered (discover) a cure for the disease. 应用文单句写作 ④有人宣称，幽默不仅能影响病人的情绪，还能使他们更快地康复。 It_has_been_claimed/is_claimed_that humour not only affects patients' moods，but helps them recover more quickly. ①claim to do/be ...声称要做/是…… claim to have done ...声称做了…… It is claimed that ...有人声称…… ②make a claim for ...要求……；索赔……；主张…… 　7 wipe out彻底毁灭，消灭 单句语法填空 ①When you've finished with it，simply wipe it clean with a damp cloth. ②He wiped the marks off/from the wall to make it more beautiful. ③I quickly wiped up/away the milk I had spilled. 应用文单句写作　 ④鼠疫曾一度可以毁灭整个村庄。 The plague once could wipe_out_a_whole_village． wipe away擦去 wipe off除去；还清；洗刷 wipe up擦干净；擦掉 wipe sth.from/off ...从……上擦去某物 wipe ...with ...用……擦…… 　8 sum up概括，总结 单句语法填空 ①Gerard will open the debate and I will sum up． ②My meaning, in sum，is that you must stay. ③I get a mental block every time I try to do sums(sum) in my head. 应用文单句写作 ④总之，尽管生产的食物廉价，工厂化养殖对地球和动物本身都是有害的。 In_sum/To_sum_up，despite producing cheap food，factory farming is bad for the earth and for the animals themselves. in sum简言之；总而言之 to sum up总之 do/work/make sums/a sum计算，做算术题 9 it作形式主语 It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth，including animals and plants. 很明显，人类活动已经对地球上所有其他物种产生了负面影响，包括动物和植物。 完成句子 ①很明显，没有人想在一个这么脏的地方吃饭。 It_is_obvious_that nobody would like to have dinner in such a dirty place. ②我们没能提前完成任务，真感到惭愧。 It's_a_shame_that we failed to fulfil the task ahead of time. ③据统计，仅欧洲铁路每年的维护费用就约为200亿欧元。 It_is_calculated_that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance. ④我突然想起来我把票忘在家里了。 It_occurred_to_me_that I had left my ticket at home. it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句的常见形式有： ①It be＋形容词(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important ...)＋that 从句． ②It be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder ...)＋that 从句． ③It be＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，declared，supposed，reported ...)＋that 从句． ④It＋不及物动词(seems，occurs，happens ...)＋that 从句． 10 without引导含蓄虚拟条件句 Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive. 没有森林，我们就没有可以呼吸的空气；没有干净的水，我们就无法生存。 单句语法填空 ①Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat，the earth at night would be freezing cold，too cold for us to live on. 句式升级 ②I couldn't have finished the work so soon without your help. →I_couldn't_have_finished_the_work_so_soon_if_you_hadn't_helped_me.(if从句) →I_couldn't_have_finished_the_work_so_soon_if_it_hadn't_been_for_your_help.(be for) →I_couldn't_have_finished_the_work_so_soon_but_for_your_help.(but for) ①without引导含蓄虚拟条件句既可以表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中谓语动词用“would/should/could/might do”)，也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中谓语动词用“would/should/could/might have done”)； ②有类似用法的还有otherwise/or、but for(要不是)等。 11 形容词作状语 How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry? 又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？ 单句语法填空 ①These travelers returned to the hotel，tired and sleepy(sleep). ②Helpless(help)，we watched our home destroyed before our eyes. 应用文单句写作 形容词作状语表示原因、时间、伴随情况或结果，并不修饰谓语动词所表示的动作。大多与全句用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。 ③由于抽不出时间，我不得不放弃这个计划。 Unable_to_afford_the_time，I had to give up the plan. Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．suit n．套装；诉讼 vt.适合；相配；合身 ①This new dress suits you very well.合身 ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media.适合 ③Up to 2，000 former employees have filed personal injury suits against the company.诉讼 2．wrap vt.包，裹 v．(使文字)换行 n．包裹(或包装)材料；绷带，敷布 ①He spent the evening wrapping up the New Year's presents.包，裹 ②We stock a wide range of cards and gift wrap.包装材料 ③The text wraps around if it is too long to fit the screen.(使文字)换行 3．claim n．要求；主张vt.声称；索取；索要；认领；夺去(生命) ①Heart disease is the biggest killer，claiming 180，000 lives per year.夺去(生命) ②It is claimed that some doctors are working 80 hours a week.声称 ③You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.索取，索回 ④He repeatedly pushed forward his own claim.要求 ⑤If the owner doesn't claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption.认领 4．affect v．影响；侵袭；使感染；(感情上)深深打动 ①AI will affect us all，and if you only read one book on the subject，this is it.影响 ②They were deeply affected by the news of her winning the gold medal.深深打动 ③I must find out if the bacteria could really affect a healthy person and cause stomachache.使感染 5．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 ①I'm in a jam—could you lend me some money till next week? 困境 ②What trick are those children hatching？策划 ③The waiters gave free drinks to the regulars on this special day.常客 Ⅱ.核心知识巩固练——强化语言知识 (一)词形变化练 1．She is interested in conservation(conserve). 2．Up to two thirds of 1416 year olds admit to buying drink illegally(legal). 3．To his annoyance(annoy)，he found they hadn't waited for him. 4．Fourteen percent of primate species are highly endangered(endanger). 5．He said army officers had threatened(threat) to destroy the town. 6．An operation is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from extinction(extinct). 7．The price increases were passed on by the firm to consumers(consume). 8．The transportation(transport) of goods by air costs a lot. 9．There will be a prize for the most innovative(innovate) design. 10．His attitude made me extremely annoyed(annoy). (二)固定用法练 1．Her new book is a collection(collect) of short stories. 2．It was surprising that she passed the difficult exam. 3．The charge for transportation is on the decrease because of lower fuel costs. 4．The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons. 5．The tsunami that followed engulfed the northeast and wiped out the entire towns. 6．We need to switch off the smartphone and leave the children to play by themselves. 7．The president set out to_reform(reform) the management of the university. Ⅰ.单元写作增分练——运用本单元词汇和句式，提高语用能力 关于如何处理临期食品的建议 1．超市有大量食品接近保质期的情况并不罕见。(It is not unusual for sb./sth.to do sth.) It_is_not_unusual_for_supermarkets_to_have_large_amounts_of_food approaching expiration date. 2．如果没有合适的方法来处理这些食品，可能会浪费大量的食品和金钱。(without引导含蓄虚拟条件句) Without_a_proper_way_to_deal_with_the_food，there might be a great waste of food and money. 3．有些人建议进行一次特卖，而另一些人则建议把食物捐赠给有需要的人。(while连接并列句) Some people propose a special sale while_others_suggest_donating_the_food_to_people_ in_need． 4．有些老人住在离超市很远的地方，他们去那里买食物会花很多时间。(It takes sb.some time to do ...) Some old people live far away from the supermarket and it_will_take_them_much_time_to_ get_there_to_buy_food． 5．与其在超市卖，工作人员还不如把食物送到他们家里。(instead of doing ...) Instead_of_selling_in_the_supermarket，the workers might as well deliver the food to their homes. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——外貌描写 Then one can see the oval face of a beautiful young woman 1.with_long_heavy_hair(长着浓密的长发).She was tall，with 2.a_figure_of_perfect_elegance(完美优雅的身材) and 3.looked_younger_for_her_age(看起来比实际年龄小).It was still possible to see in her face something of the freshness and prettiness of her youth.She had the most 4.beautiful_blue_eyes(美丽的蓝眼睛) I had never seen.When her eyes looked up，they were very large and attractive.5.Her_sparkling_white_teeth(她闪亮的白牙) showed through his beautiful smile. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$