Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing & Other Parts（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing & Other Parts [对应学生用书P23] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．download vt.下载n.下载；已下载的数据资料 2．republic n．共和国 3．entrance n．入口；进入 4．overseas adj.海外的 adv.在海外 5．exit n．出口；通道vi.& vt.出去；离去 6．sheet n．一张(纸)；床单；被单 7．mirror n．镜子 8．roof n．顶部；屋顶 9．dragon n．龙 10．image n．形象；印象 11．digital adj.数码的；数字显示的 12．cave n．山洞；洞穴 13．throughout prep.各处；遍及；自始至终 14．quality n．质量；品质；素质；特征 adj.优质的；高质量的 15．further adv.(far的比较级)更远；进一步 16．opinion n．意见；想法；看法 17．quote vt.引用 18．paraphrase n．，vi.& vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解释 19．contrast n．对比；对照vt.对比；对照 20．forever adv.永远；长久地 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．profession n．行业，职业→professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手 2．archaeology n．考古学→archaeologist n．考古学家→archaeological adj.考古学的；与考古学有关的 3．process n．过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工→processed adj.(食品)经加工的，加工过的 4．forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅→forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕 5．tradition n．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地 6．history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historical adj.有关历史的；历史学的→historically adv.在历史上；从历史角度→historian n．历史学家 7．compare vt.比较；对比→comparison n．比较；相比 8．identify vt.确认；认出；找到→identity n．身份；特征→identification n．鉴定；辨认 动词加后缀­ive构成形容词，后缀­ive表示“有……力的(有某种能力的)；有……倾向的；有……性质的”。 compete→competitive　act→active expense→expensive　impress→impressive Ⅲ.短语互译 1．在世界各地 all over the world 2．照顾；照料 take care of 3．区分……和…… tell ...from ... 4．以……结束…… end ...with ... 5．come up with 提出；想出 6．be familiar with 对……熟悉 7．speed up 加速 8．fall into ruin 严重受损；破败不堪；变成废墟 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：as ...as ...和……一样…… 教材原句：Today，the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. 翻译：如今，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。 2．句型：neither ...nor ...既不……也不…… 教材原句：Neither people nor buildings last forever，but Chen Lei's photos can help us remember them. 翻译：人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住这些人和建筑。 3．句型：not just ...but ...不仅仅是……还是…… 教材原句：This makes it an important cultural heritage site not just for China，but for all people around the world. 翻译：这使得它不仅是中国的重要文化遗产，也是全世界人民的重要文化遗产。 [对应学生用书P24] Ⅰ.文本理解 ►语篇特征 The text is a news report． ►文章架构 Headline PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES Leadsentence Where Lanzhou When 9 August 2017 Who a group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries What work together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage Body Background have long been a meeting point for ...；as international as they were ...；visit Dunhuang to see the caves；reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings ... Purpose promote even wider interest around the world in ...；further educate people about ... Ending Significance Appreciating one's own cultural heritage ...international communication and understanding. ►细节探究 1．What are the researchers and scientists trying to do？ (　　) A.Help people understand and appreciate China's Mogao Caves. B．Work together to find more information about the Silk Road. C．Raise money to rebuild the Mogao Caves of China. D．Start an international project to protect the Mogao Caves. 2．What modern technology is the group using？ (　　) A．The computer. B．The Internet. C．A copy of caves. D．High­quality digital images. 3．Why are so many people interested in the Mogao Caves？ (　　) A.Nearly 500，000 high­quality digital photographs have been produced here. B．Because of the caves' attractive scenery. C.They were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. D.Visitors from all over the world visit Dunhuang. 4．What do you think of the researcher's opinion in the last paragraph？ (　　) A．It's right.　　　　　　 B．It's wrong. C．It's puzzling. D．It's foolish. 答案：1～4 ADCA ►难句突破 1．Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves，and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people to admire in America. 分析：该句是and连接的并列句。 翻译：来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟；位于洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至复制了这些洞窟和壁画的照片，供人们在美国欣赏。 2．By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet，the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history，culture，and traditions. 分析：句中“sharing ...Internet”为动词­ing形式作介词by的宾语，构成“by＋doing”结构，在句中作方式状语。 翻译：这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。 ►课文语法填空 A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together 1.to help(help) increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient 2.cultural(culture) heritage by recording and collecting digital 3.images(image) of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves.Since the project started，nearly 500，000 high­quality digital photographs 4.have been produced(produce). The Mogao Caves have been playing an important role in different cultures and are part of the history of many countries.By 5.sharing(share) so many digital photos over the Internet，the group hopes to promote wider interest 6.in China's ancient history，culture，and traditions.Besides，they also hope to 7.further(far) educate people about the significance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics. One researcher，8.who is working on the project，expresses his opinion.9.The researcher thinks it is very important for people to appreciate their own cultural heritage as well as the cultural heritage of other countries，which contributes to international 10.communication(communicate) and understanding.Ⅱ.原文释译 ◆精学表达 Ⅰ.文本特征 1．本文是一篇新闻报道(News report)。新闻报道常以一般现在时为主，以第三人称为主体人称，语言较为客观。 2．新闻报道一般包括四部分和六要素。四部分即标题(Headline)、导语(Lead sentence)、主体(Body)和结语(Ending)，六要素(5W1H) 即时间(When)、地点(Where)、人物(Who)、事件(What)、原因(Why)和方式(How)。 Ⅱ.语言特色 1．定语从句 句❶❸❹为定语从句，提供了更多信息，帮助读者更好地了解事件的相关信息。 2．引述动词(Reporting verbs) 句❹中的引述动词是引语前的动词explains。引述动词表示直接引用或转述引用的动词，常见的引述动词还有say、tell、ask、comment、suggest等。 3．被动语态 句❷使用被动语态，对导语的信息给予多维拓展，数字说明更加具体。 4．直接引语 句❺为直接引语，突出报道结束语的效果，使观点更有说服力，并帮助读者理解报道的内容。 ◆续写积累 1．提供信息——用定语从句建立信息链 They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves，which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. [仿写]完成句子 长城是人类文明史上的伟大建筑，多年前被誉为世界第七大奇迹。 The Great Wall，which is the great construction throughout the history of human civilization，was praised as the seventh wonder of the world many years ago. 2．提供信息——用被动语态建立信息链 Nearly 500，000 high­quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. [仿写]完成句子 许多工作已经被安排给了我们学校的志愿者。 A lot of work has been assigned to volunteers in our school. PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES Lanzhou，9 August 2017.A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase knowledge and appreciation of China's ancient cultural heritage.They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves，❶which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history．❷Nearly 500，000 high­quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. The Mogao Caves have long been a meeting point for different cultures and are part of the history of many countries.Today，the caves are just as international as they were at the time ❸when people travelled the Silk Road．Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves，and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people to admire in America. By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet，the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China's ancient history，culture，and traditions.They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate.As one researcher ❹who is working on the project explains，❺“Appreciating one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself.Appreciating the cultural heritage of other countries is very important for international communication and understanding.” 参考译文 通过数码图像推广文化 (兰州，2017年8月9日)一支由中国及其他国家的研究人员和科学家组成的科研团队正在通力合作，旨在加强人们对中国古代文化遗产方面的认识与鉴赏力。团队成员正在记录和收集莫高窟文物的数码图像；莫高窟在中国古代历史上是丝绸之路上的一个关键站点。1994年该国际项目启动以来，团队已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。 长期以来，莫高窟一直是多元文化的一个交汇点，也是许多国家历史的一部分。如今，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。来自世界各地的游客纷纷造访敦煌、欣赏洞窟；位于洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至复制了这些洞窟和壁画的照片，供人们在美国欣赏。 这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的) 电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。团队还希望进一步教育大众认识保护历史和文化遗产以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。正如一位从事该项目的研究人员所解释的：“欣赏本国文化遗产，有助于了解我们自己；欣赏他国文化遗产，有助于增进国际交流和理解。” [对应学生用书P27] 1 process n．过程；进程；步骤；工艺流程；工序 vt.处理；加工 He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. 他向我们解释了建造一个如此复杂的结构的过程。 [情境探究] 写出process在下列句中的含义 ①As is known to all，education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance. 过程 ②This was the first stage of the printing process. 工序 ③It will take a week for your application to be processed. 处理 [要点突破] be in process (某事)正在进行中 be in the process of (doing) sth. 在进行……中；在(做)某事的过程中 a long slow process 一个漫长的过程 in the process与此同时，在……过程中 [写作佳句] In the process of getting along，we find that we both enjoy reading science fiction. 在相处的过程中，我们发现我们都喜欢阅读科幻小说。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①The museum is in the process of being restored these days. ②As we all know，the project designed to help the students in need is in process. ③In the process of getting the work done，we can't afford the waste of a single minute. ④露西永远不会知道在那个过程中是谁帮助了她。 Never will Lucy know who assisted her during the process． 2 forgive vt.& vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅 Forgive me for asking，but ... 原谅我这么问，但是…… [要点突破] ①forgive sb.sth.宽恕/原谅某人某事(后接双宾语) forgive sb.for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive and forget不念旧恶；不记仇 ②forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕 [写作佳句] Please forgive me for not being able to reply to you as soon as possible. 请原谅我没能尽快回复你。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/同义句改写 ①He asked for forgiveness(forgive) for what he had done wrong. ②Tom's father must have forgiven him for his rudeness，for he looked happy. ③此外，你最好还是不计前嫌。 In addition，it's best for you to forgive and forget． ④Excuse me for having taken up so much of your time and please accept my best wishes for your health and happiness. →Forgive me for having taken up so much of your time and please accept my best wishes for your health and happiness. 3 opinion n．意见；想法；看法 What do you think of the researcher's opinion in the last paragraph? 你认为最后一段中研究者的观点如何？ [要点突破] ①in one's opinion＝from one's point of view＝as far as sb.is concerned＝according to sb.在某人看来 ②have a good/bad/high/low opinion of ...对……评价好/不好/高/低 ③What is one's opinion (on/about ...)？某人(对……)的看法是什么？ [写作佳句] ①In my opinion，students should not carry mobile phones during class. 在我看来，学生在课堂上不应该携带手机。 ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Reconsider expert opinions about it. 重新考虑专家的意见。 [学以致用] 完成句子/一句多译 ①老师对我们这次活动的评价很高。 Our teacher had a high opinion of our activity. ②在组织班级活动上我们可能有不同的看法。 We may have different opinions on organising class activities. ③在他看来，这是一本好书。 →In his opinion，this is a good book.(opinion) →According to him，this is a good book.(according) →As far as he is concerned，this is a good book.(concerned) →From his point of view，this is a good book.(view) 4 comparison n．比较；相比 Words to show comparison and/or contrast 表示比较和/或对比的词 [要点突破] ①by/in comparison (with sb./sth.)　(与某人/物)相比较 make a comparison between A and B　在A和B之间作比较 ②compare vt.比较；对比 n．比较 compare A with B　把A和B相比较 compare A to B　把A比作B compared with/to与……相比 beyond/without compare 无与伦比 [写作佳句] (2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy compared with hers. 与她的童年相比，我的童年相当快乐。 [学以致用] 单句填空/句式升级 ①There is no comparison(compare) between the two. ②In comparison with the past，people nowadays need to keep learning in order to adapt to the changes. ③We'd better tell good from bad by/in comparison. ④Our teacher often compares us to young trees. ⑤If you compare Columbia with Charleston，you will find the former is a young city. →You will find Columbia is a young city compared with Charleston．(过去分词短语作状语) →Comparing Columbia with Charleston，you will find the former is a young city.(现在分词短语作状语) 1 as ...as ...和……一样…… Today，the caves are just as international as they were at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. 如今，这些洞窟的国际地位可与当年人们在丝绸之路上跋涉的时候相提并论。 [情境探究] ①As a matter of fact，mental health is as important as physical health. 事实上，精神健康和身体健康一样重要。 ②The young man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa. 这个年轻人希望和他爷爷一样过简朴的生活。 ③Being exposed to English as much as possible is a good way to learn English well. 尽可能多地接触英语是学好英语的好方法。 [要点突破] ①as＋adj.＋as 和……一样…… ②“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”中的形容词只能是原级。 ③as ...as possible 尽可能…… [学以致用] 完成句子/句型转换 ①显然，这个男孩像他的许多同学一样刻苦学习。 Obviously，the boy works as hard as many of his classmates． ②她的声音像她妈妈的一样甜美。 She has as sweet a voice as her mother． ③这些申请表应尽快寄回来，这是很重要的。 It is important that these application forms should be sent back as quickly as possible． ④You must help him as much as possible. →You must help him as much as you can．(改为复合句) 2 neither ...nor ...既不……也不…… Neither people nor buildings last forever，but Chen Lei's photos can help us remember them. 人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住这些人和建筑。 [情境探究] ①Our school lies in Kunming，which is a beautiful city.In autumn，it is neither too hot nor too cold. 我们的学校位于美丽的昆明。在秋天，既不会太热也不会太冷。 ②Neither his parents nor he has realised the importance of the incident. 他和他的父母都没有意识到这件事的重要性。 [要点突破] 句中“neither ...nor ...”意为“既不……也不……”，连接的是句子的两个主语。句子的谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是主谓一致中的“就近原则”。遵循“就近原则”的其他结构如下： ①not ...but ...不是……而是…… ②not only ...but (also) ...不仅……而且…… ③either ...or ...或者……或者…… ④whether ...or ...不管是……还是…… [学以致用] 单句填空 ①Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it. ②Neither his employees nor the boss wants(want) to work extra hours. ③It is not who you are but what you actually do that really matters. ④Not only you but also your husband is expected(expect) to spare more time to stay with your child. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$