课时作业(六) 必修第二册 Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(六)　必修第二册　Unit 2　Be sporty, be healthy 一、阅读理解 (2025·河南豫西北教研联盟一模)Training was cruel，as Penny Lee Dean prepared for what would be a record­setting swim—regardless of sex—across the English Channel in 1978.“Your hands cramp(痉挛)，your legs cramp，” she remembers. While the cold was bone­chilling，overcoming it has been essential to her success as a record­breaking swimmer.An ability to tolerate extreme cold is one of the advantages that women may have in this sport，as their distribution of fat is helpful for regulating body temperature in cold water. Dean believes that any upper hand women might have in open­water swimming over long distances is more about mental adaptation and the ability to bear discomfort than about insulation(阻隔).In ultra­distance events，the ability to handle more factors，from weather to pain，becomes particularly important. In fact，women can outperform or perform similarly to men in a range of competitive events.From ultra running to shooting sports，in some competitions women have the edge．Cassio Rippel，the ISSF Athletes Committee Chair，says that while men's muscles tend to give them more staying power，women's lower body mass and lower centre of gravity，on average，allow them better balance control.The rifle events are the most sex­balanced of the three types of shooting events in the Olympics，according to Rippel. The nearly century­long history of the Olympics is also a history of the growth of female empowerment.An increasing number of female athletes have broken gender barriers，achieving remarkable success in traditionally male­dominated sports.The Paris Olympics are the first Olympics to have equal numbers of female and male athletes.This is also an opportunity to think carefully about what gaps in inclusion still remain. While much of the science of sex and performance may be unsettled，one thing that's very clear is that more research needs to involve women.The path toward greater inclusion has not been straight，and more questions than answers remain about the role of sex in athletic performance. 1．What challenge did Dean face when breaking the record? A．The long distance. B．The low temperature. C．The extra body fat. D．The intense training. 2．What advantage may women have in long and open­water swimming? A．Strong awareness about keeping warm. B．Superior flexibility to tough situations. C．Inborn talent for long distance swimming. D.Absolute concentration on swimming path. 3．What does the underlined phrase “have the edge” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Appear weaker. B．Seem conservative. C．Take the lead. D．Show less pressure. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Women's potential in sports. B．Sports suitable for women. C．Views on gender and sports. D．Females in the Olympics. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了女性在体育领域的潜力和表现，通过具体事例和科学分析，阐述了女性运动员在某些竞技项目中的优势，以及女性在奥运会上的平等地位。 1．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的“While the cold was bone­chilling，overcoming it has been essential to her success as a record­breaking swimmer.”可知，Dean在打破纪录时面临的挑战是低温。故选B。 2．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，女性在长距离公开水域游泳中可能具有的优势更多在于心理适应和承受不适的能力，这表明女性在应对艰难情况方面具有更强的灵活性。故选B。 3．C　[解析]词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“From ultra running to shooting sports，in some competitions women have the edge ...while men's muscles tend to give them more staying power，women's lower body mass and lower centre of gravity，on average，allow them better balance control.”可知，虽然男性的肌肉往往给他们更多的耐力，但女性的体重重心较低，平均而言，这使她们能够更好地控制平衡。由此可推知，从超跑到射击比赛中，女性往往能够表现优异或“领先”。因此，画线短语have the edge意为“领先”。故选C。 4．A　[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过具体事例阐述了女性运动员在体育领域的潜力和表现。故选A。 二、七选五阅读 The Side Effects of Overexercising If you are putting in too many hours at the gym or training too hard for sports，your body may begin to respond negatively.Overexercising is common among athletes and fitness enthusiasts with a variety of side effects，both physical and mental. One person's definition of excessive(过量的) exercise might differ from another's.1. The main sign of it is declining physical performance in your sports，despite ongoing or increased amounts of training. If you are overexercising，you might notice the negative physical effects first.You might experience unexplained weight loss and decreased appetite.Overexercising can also cause ongoing muscle and joint pain unrelated to a specific injury，difficulty sleeping or not feeling rested when you wake up.2. If you are not feeling your usual excitement for sports，or if you do not feel mentally prepared for exercise or competition，you could be experiencing the mental effects of overexercising.3. For example，increased anger，or a lack of enthusiasm you once felt toward your sports.This condition can also cause other poor performances in your life. 4． The first and most vital step for treatment is simply recognizing that you have the condition.Then follow a training schedule that varies your training load and includes adequate rest.5. Whether the rest period last for weeks or several months depends on the individual. A．You might even get sick more often. B．Never should it be looked down upon. C．You might notice frequent mood swings. D．However，it affects whoever overexercises. E．Doctors might mistake it for a major illness. F.Actually，the most effective treatment is to rest. G.Therefore，address the problem once you realize it. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过度运动的副作用。 1．D　[解析]根据上文“One person's definition of excessive exercise might differ from another's.(一个人对过度运动的定义可能与另一个人不同。)”以及下文“The main sign of it is declining physical performance in your sports，despite ongoing or increased amounts of training.(它的主要标志是你在运动中的身体表现下降，尽管持续或增加了训练量。)”可知，此处需要一个涉及过量运动副作用的过渡句，承接上文每个人对过量运动的定义不同，但过量运动对人有害，再接着论述过量运动的主要表现。D选项“然而，它会影响任何过度运动的人”符合题意。故选D。 2．A　[解析]根据段首总起句“If you are overexercising，you might notice the negative physical effects first.(如果你过度锻炼，你可能会首先注意到身体上的负面影响。)”可知，此段主要论述过量运动在身体方面的副作用。结合空前句子“You might experience unexplained weight loss and decreased appetite.Overexercising can also cause ongoing muscle and joint pain unrelated to a specific injury，difficulty sleeping or not feeling rested when you wake up.(你可能会经历无法解释的体重减轻和食欲下降。过度运动还会导致与特定损伤无关的持续肌肉和关节疼痛、睡眠困难或醒来时感觉没有休息好。)”可知，此处作者按严重程度递进的方式描述了过量运动在身体方面的副作用，故此空应为过量运动在身体方面带来的最严重后果。A选项“你甚至可能更经常生病”紧密连接上文，继续阐述副作用。故选A。 3．C　[解析]根据上文“If you are not feeling your usual excitement for sports，or if you do not feel mentally prepared for exercise or competition，you could be experiencing the mental effects of overexercising.(如果你没有像往常一样对运动感到兴奋，或者你没有为运动或比赛做好心理准备，你可能正在经历过度运动的心理影响。)”可知，此段主要论述过量运动在心理方面的副作用，结合下一句“For example，increased anger，or a lack of enthusiasm you once felt toward your sports.(例如，愤怒加剧，或者你曾经对你的运动缺乏热情。)”可知，后文为此句的举例，故此处应总结说明过量运动在心理方面的副作用表现为频繁的情绪波动，C选项“你可能会注意到频繁的情绪波动”符合题意。故选C。 4．G　[解析]结合上文和本段内容可知，作者已经论述了过量运动在身体和心理方面的副作用，然后开始论述如何解决问题，故此空应为段落总起句，且和上文构成因果关系，提醒读者去解决问题。G选项“因此，一旦你意识到问题，就要解决它”符合语意。故选G。 5．F　[解析]根据上文“Then follow a training schedule that varies your training load and includes adequate rest.(然后遵循一个训练计划，对训练负荷加以调整，并纳入充分的休息。)”和下文“Whether the rest period last for weeks or several months depends on the individual.(休息时间是持续几周还是几个月取决于个人。)”可知，此处为一个过渡句，强调解决问题的核心在于休息。F选项“事实上，最有效的治疗方法是休息”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 三、完形填空 Iarossi is a 10­year­old softball(垒球) player from Tampa，FL.She was tired of having her practices canceled because of an 1 between girls and boys sports.Her community has many baseball fields but only one softball field.When baseball teams need more 2 ，they will often take up the softball field， 3 her team's practice. Iarossi said the effect wasn't just 4 ．“Many of my teammates seemed less 5 ．They felt discouraged from continuing and therefore some 6 ．” To change that，she decided to send a 7 to the mayor(市长).“I said it's not the 1800s anymore，and girls would like to play sports too.Please give girls and boys sports an equal 8 ，” Iarossi said. Her initial goal was to 9 support for the cause，but it did much more.Her action motivated the city's government to construct multi­use fields.Iarossi's mom said，“ 10 ，to write to the mayor was all my daughter's 11 —no one told her to.I feel proud of her and excited by the 12 from the authorities.It is really 13 to see there are other people who 14 this and help enable all of our children to 15 this wonderful game.” 1．A.exchange B．agreement C．association D．imbalance 2．A.support B．training C．room D．audience 3．A.reducing B．ruining C．changing D．joining 4．A.annoying B．noticeable C．complex D．predictable 5．A.curious B．pleased C．enthusiastic D．patient 6．A.complained B．quit C．argued D．fought 7．A.letter B．video C．gift D．package 8．A.privilege B．pay C．shot D．budget 9．A.offer B．express C．strengthen D．gain 10．A.Thankfully B．Surprisingly C．Hopefully D．Actually 11．A.idea B．intention C．advice D．concern 12．A.allowance B．commitment C．response D．instruction 13．A.desirable B．inspiring C．appealing D．reasonable 14．A.introduce B．appreciate C．treasure D．back 15．A.pick up B．participate in C．make out D．take to [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。Iarossi是佛罗里达州坦帕市的一个10岁的垒球球员，她所在的社区只有一个垒球球场，且这一球场经常被棒球队队员占用，导致她们无法训练。为改变这一现状，她给市长写了一封信，最后政府决定在坦帕市建设多用途场地，她也为女孩们参加体育运动争取到了公平的权利。 1．D　[解析]句意：她厌倦了因为女孩和男孩的运动不平衡而取消她的训练。A.exchange交换；B.agreement协议；C.association协会；D.imbalance不平衡。根据下文中的“Her community has many baseball fields but only one softball field.”可知，她厌倦了因为女孩和男孩的运动不平衡而被取消训练。imbalance“不平衡，失调”，符合语境。故选D。 2．C　[解析]句意：当棒球队需要更多的空间时，他们经常会占用垒球场地，破坏了她球队的练习。A.support支持；B.training训练；C.room空间；D.audience观众。根据下文中的they will often take up the softball field可知，当棒球队需要更多的空间时，他们通常会占用垒球场地。故选C。 3．B　[解析]句意见上题解析。A.reducing减少；B.ruining毁灭；C.changing改变；D.joining加入。根据上文中的having her practices canceled和棒球队经常会占用垒球场地可知，此处指她的球队训练遭到破坏。ruin“破坏，毁灭”，符合语境。故选B。 4．A　[解析]句意：Iarossi说，这种影响不仅仅是令人讨厌。A.annoying烦人的；B.noticeable显而易见的；C.complex复杂的；D.predictable可预测的。根据上文中的was tired of及下文内容可知，此处表示这种影响不仅仅是令人气恼的。故选A。 5．C　[解析]句意：我的许多队友似乎不那么热情了。A.curious好奇的；B.pleased高兴的；C.enthusiastic热情的；D.patient耐心的。根据下文中的They felt discouraged from continuing可知，垒球队的许多队员似乎对这项运动不那么热情了。故选C。 6．B　[解析]句意：她们从这种持续的不断训练中感到灰心丧气，因此有些人放弃了。A.complained投诉；B.quit放弃；C.argued争论；D.fought战斗。根据空前的therefore可知，空处所填词与前面的felt discouraged from continuing存在因果关系，故此处表示有些人因此退出了，不再进行这项运动了。故选B。 7．A　[解析]句意：为了改变这种状况，她决定给市长写一封信。A.letter信；B.video视频；C.gift礼物；D.package包裹。根据下文中的to write to the mayor可知，此处指Iarossi给市长寄了一封信。故选A。 8．C　[解析]句意：请给女孩和男孩平等的运动机会。A.privilege特权；B.pay支付；C.shot机会；D.budget预算。根据上文give girls and boys sports an equal可知，此处指Iarossi请求市长给予女孩和男孩同等的运动机会。shot“尝试，机会”，符合语境。故选C。 9．D　[解析]句意：她最初的目标是为这项事业赢得支持，但它的作用远不止于此。A.offer提供；B.express表达；C.strengthen加强；D.gain获得。根据后文support for the cause可知，她最初的目标是为她的理想获得支持，但它的作用远不止于此。gain“获得，赢得”，符合语境。故选D。 10．D　[解析]句意：实际上，给市长写信完全是我女儿的主意——没人叫她这么做。A.Thankfully感谢地；B.Surprisingly惊人地；C.Hopefully有希望地；D.Actually实际上。结合上文可知，事实上，写信给市长完全是Iarossi自己的主意。故选D。 11．A　[解析]句意见上题解析。A.idea想法；B.intention意图；C.advice建议；D.concern担心。根据上文my daughter's可知，写信给市长完全是Iarossi自己的主意。故选A。 12．C　[解析]句意：我为她感到骄傲，也为当局的反应感到兴奋。A.allowance津贴；B.commitment承诺；C.response回复；D.instruction指示。根据后文from the authorities可知，此处表示Iarossi的母亲为Iarossi感到自豪，并对官方的回应感到兴奋。故选C。 13．B　[解析]句意：看到有其他人支持这项运动，帮助我们所有的孩子都能参与到这项精彩的运动中，这真的很鼓舞人心。A.desirable可取的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.reasonable合理的。根据上文中的“excited by ...the authorities”可知，空处所填词应与excited同属一个语义范畴。此处表示看到有人支持这件事真的很令人振奋。故选B。 14．D　[解析]句意见上题解析。A.introduce介绍；B.appreciate欣赏；C.treasure珍惜；D.back支持。根据语境可知，有其他人支持这项运动。故选D。 15．B　[解析]句意见13题解析。A.pick up捡起，学会；B.participate in参加；C.make out理解；D.take to喜欢。根据后文this wonderful game可知，此处指让孩子都能够参与到这项精彩的运动中。故选B。 四、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2025·八省高考综合改革适应性演练)I was in Philadelphia for a conference when I saw an ad in the hotel.A nearby theater was showing a documentary(纪录片) about several local animal shelters that were helping to save abandoned dogs across the country.I love animals，and I felt an urge to go to this fundraising event.However，none of my co­workers would go with me，and I was worried about walking on the street alone at night. I resigned myself to spending the evening in my hotel room，but as soon as I got back to my room I felt restless and bored.The theater where the event was taking place was only about five blocks from the hotel，and the area around the hotel didn't seem particularly dangerous.So，I decided to brave it.I gathered up my wallet and room key and set off. It was already getting dark and the streets were nearly deserted.I managed to find the street the theater was on，but when I turned the corner，I stopped in shock.In front of the theater were a group of bikers—very big，tough­looking bikers. I've known lots of motorcycle enthusiasts and most are nice people.However，in this case，I was a woman all alone，in a strange neighborhood，at night，and there were twenty or so very large men—all wearing insignia(徽章) that indicated they were in some sort of club—standing before me.Warning bells began to sound in my head，and my heart was pounding.Was I at the right theater? Had I misread the date of the event? A sign outside the theater told me that I was in the right place on the right evening.Nevertheless，I wondered if I should rush back to my hotel instead of walking through that crowd of bikers.I finally decided that I would be safer inside the theater.Hopefully，the bikers would have gone away by the time the film was over. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： I hurried into the theater，only to find there were even more bikers inside. Paragraph 2： When the film began，I realized that the bikers were an animal rescue group. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： I hurried into the theater，only to find there were even more bikers inside. They were chatting loudly and seemed to fill every corner of the place.My heart sank even further.I quickly found an empty seat in the back row，trying to make myself as inconspicuous as possible.I clutched my bag tightly，constantly glancing around，praying that nothing bad would happen.Every now and then，I peeked at the bikers，wondering what they were doing here.Were they going to cause trouble? The tension in the air was palpable，and I regretted my decision to come alone. Paragraph 2： When the film began，I realized that the bikers were an animal rescue group. They had come to support the fundraiser for the local animal shelters.As the documentary unfolded，showing the plight of the abandoned dogs，I saw many of the bikers wiping away tears.They were as moved as I was by the heartwarming and heartbreaking stories.During the intermission，some of them even came over to me，smiling kindly and asking if I was enjoying the film.Their tough exteriors hid big，soft hearts.I felt ashamed of my initial fear and was truly grateful that I had decided to come.We spent the rest of the evening sharing our love for animals and discussing ways to help. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$