课时作业(九) 必修第三册 Unit 1 Nature in the balance（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(九)　必修第三册　Unit 1　Nature in the balance 一、阅读理解 When the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) began，Steve and Janet Kistler of Hart County，Kentucky，joined in.They've done so every year since the now­global tradition began 25 years ago. For Moira Dalibor，who teaches math at a school，this was the first count.She led a group of students and parents to an arboretum(植物园) for an exercise in data­gathering.They were among hundreds of thousands of people around the world counting and recording over four days.In 2022，about 385，000 people from 192 countries took part in the GBBC. This global data goes into the eBird database used by scientists for research on bird populations，which have declined sharply overall in past decades.It's part of a rise in “citizen science” projects in which volunteers collect data about the natural world for use by researchers. Many bird­watchers use eBird year­round，and it has collected huge amounts of data—often between 1 million and 2 million bird checklists a month from around the world in the past couple of years，says Becca Rodomsky­Bish，the project's leader at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology，in Ithaca，New York.“Observing birds is a good way to connect with the natural world.Birds are everywhere.You don't have to leave your house.They will come.And they're charismatic because they're fun and interesting to watch.” This is how it works：Participants watch birds，whether that means looking out of the window for 15 minutes or taking a longer trip to a nature area.Organizers recommend the Merlin Bird ID app to distinguish birds by size，shape，song or other characteristics.Many participants also carry field guides and binoculars(双筒望远镜) along with their phones.They then enter the findings into the eBird app.Those numbers help researchers track the ups and downs of various species，which then help determine the direction of conservation efforts. Dalibor prepared her classes with information about local species and practiced with the Merlin Bird ID app.The kids recorded bird sightings with pencils and drawing boards，and parent volunteers entered those numbers on phones. 1．Why did Dalibor lead her students to an arboretum? A．To do exercise for health. B．To observe different plants. C．To practice their math skills. D．To collect information about birds. 2．What does the underlined word “charismatic” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Attractive. B．Beautiful. C．Rare. D．Shy. 3．What can people use the Merlin Bird ID app to do? A．To record their findings. B．To identify different birds. C．To help determine the birds' habitat. D.To track the ups and downs of various species. 4．What's the best title of the text? A.Great Backyard Bird Count：a Strange Activity B.Watching Birds Contributes to Students' Education C．Moira Dalibor：a Pioneer and Responsible Teacher D.Great Backyard Bird Count Shows Power of Citizen Science [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“后院鸟类大统计”这一活动，这是“公民科学”项目兴起的一部分，在这些项目中，志愿者收集有关自然世界的数据供研究人员使用。 1．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“She led a group of students and parents to an arboretum for an exercise in data­gathering.(她带领一群学生和家长到一个植物园进行数据收集练习。)”可知，Dalibor要带她的学生去植物园是为了收集鸟类的信息。故选D。 2．A　[解析]词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文because they're fun and interesting to watch可知，这些鸟应该是很有吸引力、有魅力的，所以可推测画线词是attractive“有吸引力的”意思。故选A。 3．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Organizers recommend the Merlin Bird ID app to distinguish birds by size，shape，song or other characteristics.(组织者推荐使用Merlin Bird ID应用程序，通过大小、形状、鸣叫或其他特征来区分鸟类。)”可知，人们可以使用Merlin Bird ID应用程序来辨别不同的鸟类。故选B。 4．D　[解析]标题概括题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了“后院鸟类大统计”这一活动，这是“公民科学”项目兴起的一部分，在这些项目中，志愿者收集有关自然世界的数据供研究人员使用，所以D选项“后院鸟类大统计显示了公民科学的力量”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选D。 二、七选五阅读 (2025·安徽安庆模拟)The wildfires in the Amazon Rainforest have produced alarm around the world.1. However，there are several steps you can take to help reduce your impact on the Amazon and other rainforests. Buy fewer paper and wood products. One of the main causes of deforestation in the Amazon is logging，which is driven by the high demand for wood­based products.2. For example，you can use both sides of a piece of paper.On top of that，look out for alternative paper products that are not made from tree materials as well as paper with a high percentage of recycled materials. Cut your fossil fuel consumption. Some scientists think that climate change could significantly increase the rate of forest loss in the Amazon.The burning of fossil fuels and the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere afterwards is one of the primary drivers of climate change: 3. You might take a bike to work instead of driving a car and switch off electrical appliances when you are not using them. Hold businesses responsible. 4． If you believe that a business is operating in a manner that is environmentally irresponsible，make yourself heard：Contact the company；call them out on social media platforms；or organize a boycott. Direct action has the power to transform how companies do business.In 1999，Home Depot，the single largest retailer of household items in the world，agreed to gradually stop sales of old­growth wood.5. A．Sadly，there is not much you can do to stop the fires. B．So wherever possible，try to cut down on your carbon emissions. C.This practice has led to great progress in the conservation of rainforests. D．These fires have brought about losses beyond measure to both humans and nature. E.The company's decision was largely the result of a campaign led by grassroots activists. F.Educate yourself about the business practices of companies that are active in the Amazon. G．Reduce the amount of wood products you purchase and make the most out of items you have bought. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以帮助减少个人对亚马孙雨林及其他热带雨林影响的一些措施。 1．A　[解析]根据前文内容可知，此处强调亚马孙雨林的野火已经给全世界敲响了警钟。A选项中的fires与前文保持话题一致，讲述的是虽然已经敲响了警钟，可悲的是没有办法阻止森林大火，该选项符合语境。故选A。 2．G　[解析]根据本段主旨句“Buy fewer paper and wood products.”以及前文“One of the main causes of deforestation in the Amazon is logging，which is driven by the high demand for wood­based products.”可知，减少木制品的购买，并充分利用所购买的物品从而减小对亚马孙雨林和其他热带雨林的影响。G选项符合语境。故选G。 3．B　[解析]根据本段主旨句“Cut your fossil fuel consumption.”可知，本段强调的是减少化石燃料的消耗即从节能减排方面入手，由此可知，要减少碳排放。B选项符合语境。故选B。 4．F　[解析]根据本段后文内容可知，此处强调的是要了解活跃在亚马孙雨林地区的公司的商业惯例，一旦相应的公司经营方式对环境不负责任，那就表达自己的意见。F选项与后文形成呼应，符合语境。故选F。 5．E　[解析]根据本段前文内容可知，此处以Home Depot为例说明直接行动有能力改变公司的经营方式。E选项中的The company's与前文的Home Depot形成呼应，该公司的决定指代前文的“同意逐步停止销售老木材”，该选项符合语境。故选E。 三、语法填空 It has been estimated that rapidly growing modernization is leading to ignorance towards the environment.Humans have created a situation in 1. ordinary events become increasingly raised to the level of natural disasters，2. (cause) heavy losses in terms of human life as well as property. Over the years，scientists researching on this topic 3. (find) that the main problem is global warming.But because 4. human greed，no one is really caring about the environmental risks and everyone is busy making money. It is known that the rapid industrial growth has led to 5. large number of air and water pollution problems.Though there are environmental laws that these 6. (industry) need to follow to treat the waste，most of the time the industry owners ignore these laws for their personal gain.Rapid construction has led to large land areas being covered with cement(水泥)，meaning the flow of water becomes so strong 7. water runoff can't get absorbed by the soil，eventually leading to greater flooding. 8． (fortunate)，there are still a lot of people who really care about the environment and are 9. (will) to work on environmental issues.Many societies and groups are working day and night 10. (make) people aware of the harmful effects of the pollution and other practices that are harmful to our environment. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。快速发展的现代化正在导致对环境的破坏。本文主要分析了环境问题产生的原因。 1．which　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。句意：人类已经造成了一种情况，在这种情况下，普通事件越来越多地上升到自然灾害的程度，造成了人类生命和财产的重大损失。分析句子可知，空格处应填入定语从句的关系词。先行词是situation，表示抽象地点，定语从句用“in＋which”引导，相当于where。故填which。 2．causing　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意可知，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填causing。 3．have found　[解析]考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，研究这一主题的科学家们发现，主要问题是全球变暖。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语Over the years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语scientists 为复数，助动词用have。故填have found。 4．of　[解析]考查介词。句意：但由于人类的贪婪，没有人真正关心环境风险，每个人都忙于赚钱。because of是固定搭配，意为“由于；因为”。故填of。 5．a　[解析]考查冠词。句意：众所周知，工业的快速增长导致了大量的空气和水污染问题。a large number of 是固定短语，意为“大量的”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．industries　[解析]考查名词的数。句意：尽管这些行业需要遵守环境法来处理废物，但大多数时候，行业所有者为了个人利益而无视这些法律。根据空格前的these 可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填industries。 7．that　[解析]考查状语从句的引导词。句意：快速的建设导致大片土地被水泥覆盖，这意味着水流变得如此强劲，以至于径流无法被土壤吸收，最终导致更大的洪水。分析句子可知，此处为“so＋形容词＋that引导的结果状语从句”句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 8．Fortunately　[解析]考查副词。句意：幸运的是，仍然有很多人真正关心环境，并愿意致力于环境问题。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。根据句意可知，此处指“幸运地”，应用fortunately，置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Fortunately。 9．willing　[解析]考查形容词。句意见上题解析。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。be willing to do sth.是固定短语，意为“乐意做某事”。故填willing。 10．to make　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：许多协会和团体夜以继日地工作，让人们意识到污染和其他损害环境的做法造成的有害影响。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 四、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在为6月5日的世界环境日征集环保口号。请你给口号征集负责人Alex写一封信，介绍自己的口号。内容包括： 1．口号的具体内容； 2．口号的内涵； 3．对口号入选的期待。 参考词汇：口号 slogan 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Alex， Yours sincerely， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Alex， I'm Li Hua.Learning that slogans for the World Environment Day are in great need，I'm writing to introduce my version—Our Earth，Our Responsibility. It is born out of the understanding that we are one people and we have only one Earth.So most importantly，we should safeguard the diversity of life on Earth，its ecosystems and its limited resources.And it is the unity of people all over the world that matters most in protecting our earth. I hope my slogan can call on more people to shoulder their responsibility and meet with your favorable reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$