课时作业(二十二) 选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Out of this world（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(二十二)　选择性必修第三册　Unit 2　Out of this world 一、阅读理解 “Fifty years ago，astronauts travelled to space in government­funded rockets designed，built and maintained by NASA.But today，the ‘astronauts’ are very often billionaires having a journey into low orbit on a rocket that they paid for themselves.This change feels like a giant leap，but it makes sense，” says Laura Seward Forczyk，founder of Astralytical，a space consulting company.She believes more and more of modern civilization relies on space. Huge numbers of satellites orbit the planet，connecting us to everything from mobile phones to GPS，and there is a large sum of money in maintaining those systems.Forczyk thinks this doesn't get a lot of headlines typically，but there are profitable reasons why private companies want to go into space. The private commercial companies learn more about putting rockets and satellites into space to help NASA with the missions while NASA increases its management and guidance of them.That's important because NASA itself has become financially limited.From its 1966 peak，when spending on the space race took up more than four percent of the US government's budget，that spending is now less than half percent of the country's total budget. “NASA is using commercial companies to build a lot of hardware to perform those services of taking scientific payloads(载量) to the surface of the moon，” says Forczyk.“The hope is that people will follow—possibly by 2025，but more realistically by 2030.If you're wondering why we're going back to the moon—after all，mankind has already walked on its surface—the answer is that we explored only part of it.” “We know a lot more，but we also know so very little，” adds Forczyk.She wants to go back with people to learn more.But more importantly，she hopes and believes people can go to live and work there one day. The universe is so big that we can't stop exploring it.Some even see the moon as an eventual staging area for human exploration of deep space.Mars is regarded as the next stepping­off point towards the final frontier，though whether we'll get there in our lifetime is another question. 1．What is the change of the American space travel today? A．It needs billions of government funds. B．All astronauts should pay for it themselves. C.It requires astronauts to carry mobile phones. D.The rich can experience it at their own expense. 2．What is the relationship between NASA and the private commercial companies? A．Competitive. B．Interdependent. C．Unrelated. D．Mistrustful. 3．What is Forczyk's attitude to the moon exploration? A．Confident. B．Curious. C．Negative. D．Worried. 4．What does the last paragraph want to convey? A．There is no limit to space exploration. B．The moon is the final exploration area. C．Humans will cease exploring deep space. D．It is absolutely impossible to get to Mars. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了半个世纪以来美国航空领域的新变化，解释了私营公司进入航空领域的原因和意义以及太空探索的未来。 1．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But today，the ‘astronauts’ are very often billionaires having a journey into low orbit on a rocket that they paid for themselves.”可知，富人可以自费体验太空旅行。故选D。 2．B　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The private commercial companies learn more about putting rockets and satellites into space to help NASA with the missions while NASA increases its management and guidance of them.”可知，NASA和私营商业公司是相互依赖的关系。故选B。 3．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第四段中的“She wants to go back with people to learn more.But more importantly，she hopes and believes people can go to live and work there one day.”可知，Forczyk希望并相信有一天人们能去月球生活和工作。由此推断，她对月球探索抱有信心。故选A。 4．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，宇宙如此之大，我们无法停止对它的探索。由此可知，太空探索是无止境的。故选A。 二、七选五阅读 (2025·河北保定开学考试)Flight disruptions have periodically made it difficult for people to reach their destinations.Here are three of the biggest potential flight disruptors and what you can do about them： ★ How could the weather disrupt flights this summer? Wild weather can hinder air travel，whether it's an Arizona monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico.That can affect whether your flight is delayed or canceled.1. Extreme climate conditions also can disrupt air travel，as the Canadian wildfires demonstrated recently. ►Tip：If bad weather is expected，monitor the conditions in your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule without change fees.Download your airline's app and enable notifications.2. ★Is a pilot strike likely this summer? In May，American Airlines and Southwest Airlines pilots' unions voted to authorize strikes.While it appears unlikely that pilots will strike at either airline，a work stoppage could be a problem.The votes by the American and Southwest pilots' unions to authorize a strike don't necessarily mean a strike will happen.3. A strike wouldn't happen unless negotiations between the unions and the airlines' management break down. ►Tip：There is no reason to panic.If a strike appears likely，travelers can monitor the situation and consider switching to another airline. ★ What if my airline has a computer meltdown? Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages last year.4. Southwest conducted an internal review of its technology and began implementing a three­part action plan to address service disruptions from computer glitches，including fast­tracking operational investments. ► Tip：When issues emerge at the airport，technological and otherwise，the best thing people can do is to be patient.Read your airline's policy on compensation for canceled flights.5. The more patient that passengers can be，the better it will make everything smoother as they try to fix everything. A．And don't forget to advocate for yourself. B．In that way you don't miss updates and offers. C．But technology hasn't always been up to the task. D.And that can determine how smooth your plane ride is. E.The votes are routine steps in their contract negotiations. F.They can get overloaded because of helping to ease people's stress. G.That was a symptom of operating on outdated computer infrastructures. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最有可能影响航班正常起飞的三大因素，以及可以采取的措施。 1．D　[解析]根据上文“Wild weather can hinder air travel，whether it's an Arizona monsoon storm or a hurricane over the Atlantic Ocean or the Gulf of Mexico.That can affect whether your flight is delayed or canceled.”可知，恶劣的天气会阻碍航空旅行，影响航班正常运行。由此可知，D项“那会决定你的飞机之旅的稳定性”衔接上文，继续说明恶劣天气对飞机带来的影响，符合语境。故选D。 2．B　[解析]根据上文“Tip：If bad weather is expected，monitor the conditions in your flight path and take advantage of airline offers to reschedule without change fees.Download your airline's app and enable notifications.”可知，此处建议下载航空公司的应用程序，并启用通知功能，及时接收信息。由此可知，B项“这样你就不会错过更新和优惠了”衔接上文，符合语境。故选B。 3．E　[解析]根据上文“The votes by the American and Southwest pilots' unions to authorize a strike don't necessarily mean a strike will happen.”及下文“A strike wouldn't happen unless negotiations between the unions and the airlines' management break down.”可知，此处讲的是投票和谈判的问题。由此可知，E项“投票是他们合同谈判中的常规步骤”承上启下，符合语境。其中votes和negotiations是关键词。故选E。 4．C　[解析]根据上文“What if my airline has a computer meltdown？”及“Southwest Airlines experienced two nationwide computer outages last year.”可知，此处讲的是航空公司的电脑出现故障的问题。由此可知，C项“但技术并不总是能胜任这项任务”衔接上文，说明技术并不总是能防止电脑故障的发生，符合语境。故选C。 5．A　[解析]根据上文“Tip：When issues emerge at the airport，technological and otherwise，the best thing people can do is to be patient.Read your airline's policy on compensation for canceled flights.”可知，此处建议当机场出现问题时，人们要耐心等待，阅读相关的赔偿政策。由此可知，A项“别忘了为自己辩护”衔接上文，说明要根据赔偿政策，为自己辩护，且句式与空前句式一致，都是祈使句，符合语境。故选A。 三、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lost But Not Forgotten Dad said this could happen.I never believed him.But he was right.So here I am，right in the middle of it.All alone.No one to help me but myself.Two questions come to mind as I sit under this tree，freezing in the snow.How did I get here，and why me? The first answer is pretty simple.I got lost.Actually it's more complicated than that.I didn't pay attention to the boundary signs.I thought the snow looked pretty good.So I told my friend Benito that I'd meet him at the bottom of the hill in twenty minutes.How was I to know a blizzard(暴风雪) was coming？How was I to know that my tracks would disappear? As for the second question，the answer is obvious.Why me？Because I'm always doing stupid things.Opening my mouth when I should keep it shut.Breaking things I shouldn't be touching.And in this case，wandering off where I had no business going. If Dad were here，I know exactly what he'd be saying.I told you this would happen，Deke.Now what are you going to do about it? The snow just won't stop falling.It's getting harder to see，and I'm tired of walking.I'm tired of yelling.No one will hear me.So now I'm sitting under a tree，watching the snow pile up on my clothes.I can barely see my snowboard.It's a gray shadow in a curtain of white. What would it be like，I wonder，freezing to death？Don't just sit there.Build a cave.That's what Dad would say.But he died in a hospital bed，so he can't say anything to me anymore.Build a cave.“With what？” I say.I don't have a tool.My hands are freezing.There must be something you can use.I look around.All I see are snow­covered trees.Come on，Deke.Use your head.“Like I'm going to dig a cave with my head？I don't think so.” Then it hits me.The snowboards.I get up.Look for the side of a hill.“I know.I know.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： I start to dig. Paragraph 2： Now it's too dark to see，but I think the cave is finished. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： I start to dig.The snowboard works OK.My gloves are wet.After a while my hands feel like wooden blocks.It's time to take a rest.I'm kind of sleepy.Don't stop.Keep digging the cave.You need shelter from the wind.My eyes open.There's hardly any light.A wind has come up.It's rolling up snow in my face.“OK，I'll keep digging.But only for a while.”Keep digging until you're done.That's what Dad would have said.Clean your room.Finish your math.Don't stop until you're done. Paragraph 2： Now it's too dark to see，but I think the cave is finished.With wind blowing outside，I curl up into a ball and gradually close my eyes.Wake up.You forgot to make a hole for air.My eyes open.I stretch out，my boots punching through snow.A cold burst of air rushes in.I breathe deeply，then sleep again.Deke.Get up.You'll miss the bus.I hear the bus.It's coming.There is a familiar sound of snowmobiles.My eyes open and I explode out of the cave.The sun is shining.I see some persons wearing orange jackets.I'm saved.Thank you Dad！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$