课时作业(二十) 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Living with technology（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(二十)　选择性必修第二册　Unit 4　Living with technology 一、阅读理解 (2025·安徽合肥模拟)Using hypodermic(用于皮下注射的) needles to deliver drugs has been common for more than a century.The past hundred years have seen all manner of medical advances，yet the needle has stayed mostly unchanged.Although now available in a variety of different sizes，it remains a hollow(中空的)，pointy tube.With luck，that may soon change.Researchers around the world are looking for ways to ease the passage of needles into the skin.Many have been inspired by nature. The team got their idea from mosquitoes，which manage to take their blood meals almost painlessly.One reason is that the insects release anaesthetic(麻醉的) chemicals when they first puncture(刺穿) the skin.But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts. The point of a mosquito's mouthparts is serrated(锯齿状的) and softer at its tip.The insect stretches the skin of its target before biting，and shakes its mouthparts quickly as it pushes it in.All of this helps to reduce the force needed to puncture the skin.One paper，published in 2020 by a group of researchers in America and China，found that a mosquito­inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one.And less puncture force means less pain. Mosquito­inspired needles might also be useful for delicate procedures such as biopsies(活组织检查).A paper from the University of Michigan，also published in 2020，found that the lower puncture force led to less movement of the sampling area，ensuring that the needles were guided accurately to the area，rather than missing the target. For now，such devices remain restricted to labs.But there is a big market for better needles.According to the World Health Organization，around 16 billion injections were given in 2018.With one person in four saying they suffer from a fear of needles，the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable. 1．Which contributes to mosquitoes' getting blood without causing pain? A．The sound they make before biting. B．The special shape of their mouthparts. C．The high speed of their action. D．The small size of their mouthparts. 2．What can we learn about the mosquito­inspired needles from the text? A．They have been put on the market. B．They require more puncture force than the ordinary ones. C．It's easier for them to get through the skin. D．The lower puncture force may cause them to miss the target. 3．What is the author's attitude towards the mosquito­inspired needles? A．Unclear. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Positive. 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Painless Needles Inspired by Nature B.The Application of the Mosquito­inspired Needles C.The Latest Medical Advances Made by Researchers D.Mosquitoes' Unique Way to Take the Blood Painlessly [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。在过去的一百年里，医学取得了各种各样的进步，然而注射用针头基本没有改变。幸运的是，这种情况可能很快就会改变，科学家从蚊子身上获得启发，一种新型针头会缓解针头给药带来的不适感。 1．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One reason is that the insects release anaesthetic chemicals when they first puncture the skin.But another has to do with the shape and action of their mouthparts.”可知，蚊子在叮咬时几乎不会让人感到疼痛的原因之一是蚊子口器刺入皮肤时会释放麻醉化学物质，但另一个原因与蚊子口器的形状有关，故选B。 2．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One paper，published in 2020 by a group of researchers in America and China，found that a mosquito­inspired needle required 27% less force than an ordinary one.”可知，受蚊子启发的针头受到的阻力比普通针头少27%，这意味着它们更容易刺入皮肤，故选C。 3．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With one person in four saying they suffer from a fear of needles，the savings on stickers and sweets for the brave souls who roll up their sleeves would be considerable.”可知，作者对受蚊子启发而发明的针头持积极态度，因为这种针头可以减轻人们对注射的恐惧。故选D。 4．A　[解析]标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要在讨论如何从自然界中寻找灵感来制造痛感更小的针头，特别是受蚊子口器启发而发明的针头，A项“无痛针的灵感来自大自然”能概括文章主题，适合作文章标题，故选A。 二、七选五阅读 Artificial intelligence(AI) has been increasingly good at fooling people.A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people's attention.1. Created by the AI program Mid­journey，the photos were highly realistic，from the characters' movements to the surroundings.2. The Washington Post's technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips.The main idea is to spot the glitches—anything that would look strange in a photo. 3． It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers.This is because AI isn't sure what a “hand” exactly is，according to Popular Science.The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures，which can be very confusing for AI. AI­generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality.To spot this，focus on items like accessories.4. If there's text in an image，such as a newspaper or poster，it's usually garbled(篡改)，even though the text may look realistic from a distance. The development of AI­generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.“I think misinformation is going to hit an all­time high，” Jamie Cohen，a digital culture and AI expert in the US，told New York Post.Generating an AI art work is to “create reality”，Cohen argued，adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills.5. A．They were fake but very convincing. B．One thing AI is terrible at handling is the background. C．AI software has a history of generating human hands incorrectly. D．The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become. E．However，many details can give away the fact that they are made by AI. F．If there's a crowd in the image，people's faces in the background are usually vague. G．For example，people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何一眼识破人工智能画作的“破绽”的技巧。 1．A　[解析]根据空前的“A series of photos showing former US president Donald Trump being aggressively arrested by police have caught people's attention.”可知，上文提到了“一系列照片”的话题，可推测本句会继续围绕这一话题展开。A选项中的They指代空前的A series of photos，讲述的是这些照片虽然是假的，但是很逼真，符合语境。故选A。 2．E　[解析]根据空前的“Created by the AI program Mid­journey，the photos were highly realistic，from the characters' movements to the surroundings.”可知，这些照片都非常逼真。结合空后的“The Washington Post's technology writer Shira Ovide shared her tips.”可知，科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。由此可推断，空处应起到承上启下的作用，E选项讲述的是有很多细节透露出它是由人工智能制作的，其中的However为关键信息，过渡到空后科技专栏作家希拉·奥维德分享识破人工智能画作“破绽”的具体方法。故选 E。 3．C　[解析]分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，所以此处应为本段的主题句。根据空后的“It sometimes can create hands with more than five fingers.This is because AI isn't sure what a ‘hand’ exactly is，according to Popular Science.The data AI uses to learn often show hands and fingers in various gestures，which can be very confusing for AI.”可知，所举例子都围绕hand这个中心词展开，C选项与本段内容吻合，且与hand这一主题词相呼应。故选C。 4．G　[解析]分析语篇可知，整个段落是总分结构，根据主题句“AI­generated images also usually contain details that disobey reality.”可知，后文所举例子需要与“违背客观事实”这一点相对应。G选项“For example，people in an image may be missing earrings or one part of their sunglasses.”中列举的事例违背了客观事实，与本段的主题一致。故选G。 5．D　[解析]根据本段主题句“The development of AI­generated art also raises alarm bells about how these fake images could be used to spread misinformation.”可知，AI画作可能会被用来传播虚假信息，这给人类敲响了警钟，应当引起人们的重视。结合空前的“Generating an AI art work is to ‘create reality’，Cohen argued，adding that being able to tell whether the work is real or not requires high media literacy skills.”可知，要想判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养技能。D选项“The world may not be ready for how realistic the images have become.”承接空前内容，且与本段的主题吻合。故选 D。 三、完形填空 “Oh，no！You're moving？” Such was my neighbor's concern when she saw household items appearing on my lawn and 1 my driveway. “Nope.Just cleaning house！” I called back，smiling. This yard sale had been the result of six months of 2 ．I had searched every 3 and overflowing closet and cupboard—crazy about my seeking to find items to sell. I met loads of 4 and friendly people.The Mirror Lady was thrilled to buy the antique mirror from my first apartment for her daughter's first apartment；and the Futon Girl，a college sophomore，said my futon(沙发床) and frame were 5 for her dorm room. And how can I 6 the Camera Man？Bending absorbedly over the “technology” table，he spotted my husband's faded camera bag from the early 80s.Zippered compartments(隔包) 7 a broken camera and a few old lenses.“Wow！” he said，as he picked it up and made me a(n) 8 ．I asked what he was going to do with it.“It's just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool fashionable technology.” So 9 he bought it so he could look at it.As he walked down the driveway with the dusty bag 10 over his shoulder，for a second I 11 my journalist husband doing the same，heading out to 12 a story.That made me feel 13 ． All yard sales lasted two days.As hard as it can be to let things 14 ，the true value of those things is to 15 you of a place you lived in，a special time in your life，or a loved one in your heart. 1．A.picking up B．getting over C．putting up D．taking over 2．A.adaptation B．protection C．preparation D．production 3．A.messy B．bare C．elegant D．tidy 4．A.generous B．conservative C．interesting D．cautious 5．A.famous B．perfect C．comfortable D．cheap 6．A.blame B．describe C．worry D．forget 7．A.allocated B．approached C．exposed D．withdrew 8．A.appointment B．appeal C．excuse D．offer 9．A.apparently B．reluctantly C．cautiously D．gratefully 10．A.disappearing B．hanging C．printing D．winding 11．A.imagined B．appreciated C．pictured D．forgave 12．A.review B．report C．relate D．repeat 13．A.sad B．regretful C．good D．thankful 14．A.gather B．survive C．control D．go 15．A.cheat B．inform C．remind D．warn [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者处理自家物品时遇到的买东西的人及所买物品，这些物品很受欢迎，对作者也有深刻意义。 1．D　[解析]句意：“哦，不！你要搬家了？”当我的邻居看到我家的草坪上出现了家用物品，占据了我的车道时，她关心地问道。pick up捡起；get over越过；put up搭建，张贴；take over占用，接管。根据Such was my neighbor's concern when she saw household items appearing on my lawn可知，作者把东西都搬出来了，占用了草坪和道路。故选D。 2．C　[解析]句意：这次庭院拍卖是六个月准备的结果。adaptation改编；protection保护；preparation准备；production生产。根据“‘Nope.Just cleaning house！’ I called back，smiling.”可知，作者要清理房屋，有东西要卖，需要提前收拾准备。故选C。 3．A　[解析]句意：我搜遍了每一个凌乱不堪、塞满东西的壁橱和橱柜——为寻找可以出售的物品而疯狂。messy乱糟糟的；bare赤裸的；elegant优雅的；tidy整齐的。根据crazy about my seeking to find items to sell可知，作者清理多余的东西，在乱糟糟的柜子里寻找。故选A。 4．C　[解析]句意：我遇到了很多有趣又友好的人。generous慷慨的；conservative保守的；interesting有趣的；cautious谨慎的。根据后文可知，作者卖的物品很有意思，买东西的人也很有趣。故选C。 5．B　[解析]句意：买镜子的女士很高兴能从我的第一套公寓里买下这面古董镜子，给她女儿的第一套公寓用；买沙发床的女孩是一个大二学生，说我的沙发床和架子很适合她的宿舍。famous著名的；perfect完美的；comfortable舒服的；cheap便宜的。根据for her dorm room可知，此处指沙发床和架子放在她的宿舍很完美。故选B。 6．D　[解析]句意：我怎么能忘记买相机的男士呢？blame责备；describe描述；worry 担忧；forget忘记。根据后文可知，买相机的男士给作者留下了深刻印象，使作者想起了丈夫，所以作者难以忘记。故选D。 7．C　[解析]句意：一个拉链的隔包里露出一个坏了的相机和几枚旧镜头。allocate分配；approach靠近；expose暴露；withdraw撤退。根据Zippered compartments可知，本句描述相机包的情况，指隔包里露出一个坏了的相机和几枚镜头。故选C。 8．D　[解析]句意：他惊叹了一声，拿起相机，给我报了一个价格。appointment预约；appeal吸引力；excuse借口；offer出价，报价。根据“It's just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool fashionable technology.”可知，这位男士想买作者的相机，所以给出了价格。故选D。 9．A　[解析]句意：所以显然他买下来是为了看一眼。apparently明显地；reluctantly不情愿地，勉强地；cautiously谨慎地；gratefully感激地。根据“It's just cool—I have a shelf at home for cool fashionable technology.”可知，这位男士买旧相机显然只是为了看到它。故选A。 10．B　[解析]句意：当他肩上挂着那个满是灰尘的包走在车道上时，有那么一瞬间，我脑海里勾画出我的记者丈夫也在做同样的事情，出去报道新闻。disappear消失；hang悬挂；print打印；wind蜿蜒。根据over his shoulder可知，本句描述那位男士离开时的模样，肩上挂着相机包。故选B。 11．C　[解析]句意见上题解析。imagine想象；appreciate欣赏；picture勾画，想象；forgive原谅。根据my journalist husband doing the same可知，买旧相机的那位男士使作者想起了丈夫以前的形象。故选C。 12．B　[解析]句意见第10题解析。review复习；report报道；relate涉及；repeat重复。根据my journalist husband doing the same可知，作者的丈夫是一名记者，工作是报道新闻。故选B。 13．C　[解析]句意：那让我感觉很好。sad难过的；regretful后悔的；good好的；thankful感谢的。根据前文可知，别人能喜欢作者的东西，作者感觉很好。故选C。 14．D　[解析]句意：把那些东西处理掉尽管很艰难，这些东西的真正价值在于提醒你生活过的地方，让你想起生活中一段特别的时间，让你想起心中爱的人。gather聚集；survive幸存；control控制；go去。短语let sth.go意为“放手”，此处指处理掉东西。根据“the true value of those things is to 15 you of a place you lived in，a special time in your life，or a loved one in your heart”可知，处理旧的物品很难。故选D。 15．C　[解析]句意见上题解析。cheat欺骗；inform通知；remind提醒；warn警告。根据“you of a place you lived in，a special time in your life，or a loved one in your heart”可知，作者阐述处理物品给自己带来的意义，提醒了自己一些重要的人和事。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$