第一部分 选择性必修第二册 UNIT3 Fit for life（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

[对应学生用书P178] 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n．讨论，争论；辩论 2．equip vt.配备；使有能力 3．artificial adj.人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 4．outgoing adj.外向的 5．disturb vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱 6．needle n．针；注射针；指针 7．solid adj.实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 8．switch vi.& vt.转变；交换；调班 n．开关，闸；转变，改变 9．steel n．钢；钢铁工业 10．clinic n．私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 11．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 12．abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 13．alcohol n．酒精，酒 14．drug n．毒品；药物 15．symbol n．象征；符号，代号 16．widespread adj.分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 17．infection n．传染，感染 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．surgeon n．外科医生 2．physician n．医师，内科医生 3．chemist n．药剂师，药商；化学家 4．dentist n．牙科医生 5．cell n．细胞 6．being n．生物；存在；身心 7．contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同，合约 8．virus n．病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒 9．cancer n．癌症；邪恶，毒瘤 10．means n．(pl.means) 方法，方式；财富，钱财 11．delete vt.删去，删除 12．restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 13．abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的 14．weapon n．武器，手段；兵器 15．pace n．发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 16．arise vi.(arose, arisen)发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 17．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能 18．flu n．流行性感冒，流感 19．wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 20．withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew, withdrawn)脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 21．rubber n．橡胶；橡皮 22．leather n．皮革 23．sensory adj.感觉的，感官的 24．patent n．专利，专利证书 adj.有专利的，受专利保护的 25．fuel vt.增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n．燃料 26．tackle vt.应付，处理，解决 27．adjust vt.& vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 28．centimetre n．厘米 29．millimetre n．毫米 30．wrist n．手腕，腕关节 31．organ n．器官；风琴；机构，机关 32．tobacco n．烟草 33．phenomenon n．(pl.phenomena)现象 34．substance n．物质；要点 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．special adj.专门的；特别的→specially adv.尤其，特别→specialize vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻→specialist n．专家 2．affection n．喜爱；爱；感情→affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 3．relationship n．关系；血缘关系；交往→relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述→related adj.相关的；有关联的→relation n．关系；叙述 4．ultimate adj.最后的→ultimately adv.最终；根本上 5．fundamental adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n．基本规律，根本法则，基础→fundamentally adv. 根本地；从根本上 6．restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束→restriction n．限制→restricted adj.受限制的 7. characteristic n．特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的→character n．特性；性格；人物；文字 8．gratitude n．感激；感激之情→grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→ungrateful adj.忘恩负义的→gratefully adv.感激地→ungratefully adv.忘恩负义地 9．disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷，障碍 10．resist vt.抵抗；对抗→resistance n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的 11．finding n．调查发现，调研结果→find vt.查找，找到；发现 12．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v．(使)成熟→ripeness n．成熟 13. equipment n．设备；装备→equip vt.配备；使有能力 14．conventional adj.传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的→convention n．惯例；常规 15．severe adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的→severely adv.严重地；严格地；严厉地 16．evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明→evident adj.明显的→ evidently adv.明显地 常用短语 1．make progress 取得进步 2．withdraw into oneself 脱离社会，不与人交往 3．at a fast pace 快速 4．go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 5．prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 6．wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决 7．put ...in place 准备就绪 8．without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 9．instead of 代替 10．date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今 11．relate to 涉及，与……相关 经典句型 1．教材原句：Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on. 句型：it作形式宾语 翻译：最终，这项新技术甚至可能通过早期纠正异常基因来预防疾病的发展。 2．教材原句：Without them，genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. 句型：as ...as ...与……一样…… 翻译：没有它们，基因组编辑就像一辆失控的汽车一样危险。 [对应学生用书P180] 词汇精讲 1　　specialize vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻 [归纳拓展] ①specialize in专攻……，专门研究…… ②specialization n．专门化；专业化 ③special adj.特别的；专门的，专用的 ④specially adv.特别地；专门地 ⑤specialist adj.专家的；专业的 n．专家；专科医生 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The shop specializes in hand­made chocolates. ②This degree offers a major specialization(specialize) in social policy. ③I came here with your mother specially(special) to see you. ④The local doctor couldn't tell what was wrong，so he sent her to see a specialist． [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤你可以请他帮个忙。他专门从事把法语译成汉语的工作。 You can ask him a favour. He specializes in translation from French into Chinese. 2　　affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 [归纳拓展] ①be (deeply) affected by被……(深深)打动 ②be affected by the heat/the cold中暑/着凉 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①People tend to think that the problem will never affect(affect) them. ②(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected(affect). [考点进阶]　句式升级 ③Many young people were affected by his story and began to pay attention to wildlife protection. →Affected by his story, many young people began to pay attention to wildlife protection.(分词作状语) 3　　contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同，合约 [归纳拓展] ①contract sb. to sth.与某人签约…… contract in (to sth.) 订约参与 ②contract with sb.(for sth./to do sth.) 与某人(因某事/做某事)的合约 sign a contract (with sb.)(和某人)签署合约 contract between ... and ... ……和……之间的合约 under contract to已经与……签订合同 ③contractual adj.契约的；合同的 ④contractually adv.合约地；合同性地；按契约规定地 ⑤contractor n．承包人；承包商 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Bob looks so happy. He must have signed a contract with the famous basketball club. ②The interest shall be divided into four parts, according to the contract between the two sides. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③签订合同之后你才能合法拥有这份财产。 You cannot legally take possession of the property until the contract is signed． 4　　identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份 [归纳拓展] ①identify sb. as确认某人为……，显示某人为…… identify oneself证明自己(的身份) identify with sb.与某人产生共鸣；认同 identify ... with ...认为……等同于…… ②identity n．身份；同一性，一致；特征 identity with与……的一致 identity between A and B　A和B之间的同一性 ③identification n．鉴定；辨认 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Your student ID card identifies you as a student at the University of Bolton. ②Jane Austin enjoys a wide popularity in the modern times, for now the readers can still identify with the characters in her novels. ③Indeed, old age for them, and many older Americans can mean not only the possible failure of one's health, but the loss of identity(identify) and self­worth. [考点进阶]　完成句子 　④我能说他们的语言，能理解他们的难处，因为我去过那里。 I could speak their language and identify with their problems because I had been there. 5　　means n．(pl.means)方法，方式；财富，钱财 [归纳拓展] [考点初探]　单句填空 　①—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing? —By all means. He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty. ②Watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment. ③Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part­time jobs. ④Every possible means has(have) been used to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ⑤Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. →By no means are plastic straws the biggest source of plastic pollution, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.(倒装句) 6　　abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的 [归纳拓展] ①abnormally adv.反常地 ②normal adj.正常的 n．正常 return to normal恢复正常 ③normally adv.正常地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①At one time, she is fine, but at another time, she is abnormal(normal). ②El Ninos are associated with abnormally(abnormal) dry conditions in Southern Asia and Australia. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③她最近工作压力很大，这可能是她行为反常的原因。 She has great pressure at work recently and that may account for her abnormal behaviour． 7　　pace n．发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 [归纳拓展] ①set the pace确定速度；起带头作用 keep pace with 与……步调一致，与……同步 at a ...pace以……的速度 at one's own pace按适合自己的速度 pace of ……的节奏/步伐 ②pace up and down踱来踱去 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Most online classes let students learn at their own pace. ②The college education system should be reformed so that it can follow the pace of the economic development. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③尽管北京有着古老的建筑，但它也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方。 (2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast­paced development of modern life． 8　　restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束 [归纳拓展] ①restrict ... to ... 把……限制在…… restrict sb. to (doing) sth.限制某人(做)某事 ②restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束 ③restricted adj.受限制的；有限的 be restricted to仅限于……，局限于…… [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Wuhan declared temporary outbound(向外的) traffic restrictions(restrict). ②I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③我们将每个组的人数限定为8人。 We restrict the number of people per group to 8. 9　　debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n．讨论，争论；辩论 [归纳拓展] ①debate on/upon sth. with sb.就某事与某人争论 debate on/about ...就……辩论 debate whether to do sth.＝debate whether＋从句 讨论是否…… ②have a debate进行讨论/辩论 under debate在讨论中 ③debater n．参加讨论者 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The class will debate on/about some important matters. ②The question whether college students should do part­time jobs is still under debate. ③The two biologists debated with each other for years about the origin of species. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④我们班就是否要减少家庭作业进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Our class held a fierce debate as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not. 10　　equip vt.配备；使有能力 [归纳拓展] ①equip sth./sb. with ...用……装备某物/让某人具备(知识、技能等) equip sb./sth. to do ...使某人/某物能做…… ②equipment n．设备 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①You must carry the necessary equipment(equip) with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. ②All riders are equipped(equip) with reflective vests and safety lights. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ③I am equipped with a wide range of knowledge in this aspect and I can help people in London have a deeper understanding of Chinese paintings. →Equipped with a wide range of knowledge in this aspect, I can help people in London have a deeper understanding of Chinese paintings.(用非谓语动词改写) 11　　adjust vt.& vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 [归纳拓展] ①adjust to适应 adjust ... to ...调整……以适应…… ②adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment to对……作出调整 make adjustments作出调整 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Adjusting(adjust) to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra­large skull. ②They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. ③(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse，Nappy，“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment(adjust). [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④我站在你的身后，然后调整一下你的位置，我保证你的身体会完全站直。 I come up behind you and make an adjustment to your position. I make sure you are fully stretched. 12　　evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明 [归纳拓展] ①in evidence 显而易见；明显的 There is evidence that ...有证据显示/表明…… ②evident adj.明显的；显然的 It is/was evident that ... ……很明显。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①(2022·全国乙卷)For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence(evident) that children are hopelessly “egocentric(自我中心的)” creatures. ②He looked at his children with evident(evidence) pride. ③Evidently(evident) he was sensitive to the topic of the operation. ④It must be evident to all of you that he has made a mistake. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤警察把大楼彻底地搜查了一遍，但他们没有发现能帮助他们抓住小偷的证据。 The police went through the building thoroughly, but they found no evidence that would help them to catch the thief. ⑥世界在遭受金融危机，有证据表明世界经济今年将下滑。 The world is suffering a financial crisis. There is evidence that the world economy will go down this year. 13　　anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 [归纳拓展] ①with anxiety焦虑地；担心地 ②be anxious about担心…… be anxious for sb.担心某人 be anxious for sth.渴望得到某物 be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.急于(让某人)做某事 ③anxiously adv.焦虑地；担心地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Anxiously(anxious), I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. ②She was anxious to know(know) what had happened. ③If you are worried about your health, share your anxiety(anxious) with your doctor. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ④她焦急地看着她的父母，好像在请求原谅。 →She looked at her parents anxiously as if asking for forgiveness. →She looked at her parents with anxiety as if asking for forgiveness. 句型精析 1　　it作形式宾语 [归纳拓展] (1)it作形式宾语时，常用来代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。 (2)it作形式宾语时，需要具备两个条件： ①真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句； ②有宾语补足语。 (3)后常跟形式宾语的动词有think、 find、 feel、 consider、 make、 regard等。 (4)it代替动名词时的常用结构：think/find/feel it no use/no good/useful/useless doing ... [考点初探]　单句填空 ①I make it a rule to go(go) out for a walk towards evening. ②We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③他们觉得在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的。 They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time. ④我觉得能被邀请在这里演讲是我的荣幸。 I think it my honor to be invited to speak here. 2　　as ...as ...与……一样…… [归纳拓展] 　 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①You must help him as much as possible. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ②她的声音像她妈妈的一样甜美。 She has as sweet a voice as her mother. ③你犯的错误和他犯的一样多。 You've made as many mistakes as he has. [对应学生用书P185] 一、单词拼写 1．He moved out of his rented flat after complaints from his neighbours about disturbing(打扰) the peace. 2．The Tramp is a symbol(代表) of the silent cinema and even after so many years，he is still able to make people laugh. 3．Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract(合同) at home. 4．The bodies were identified(确认) as those of two suspected drug dealers. 5．I found it difficult to relate(使有联系) the two ideas in my mind. 6．The Internet is an effective means(方法) of communication. 7．The measures are intended to restore(恢复) public confidence in the economy. 8．Ultimately(最终), you'll have to make the decision yourself. 9．They thought his behaviour was abnormal(反常的). 10．You may need to restrict(限制) access to certain files. 二、单句填空 1．We succeed in our field of specialization(specialize) and then become trapped in it. 2．Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects(affect) performance. 3．Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department. 4．In many cases, the clothes people wear identify them as belonging to a particular social class. 5．She is by no means an inexperienced teacher. 6．But the local authorities say it is not clear how quickly services will be restored to normal. 7．The bear behaved abnormally(abnormal), probably because of hunger. 8．Success depends fundamentally (fundamental) on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. 9．If you produce more, you could keep pace with the demand. 10．The government has agreed to lift restrictions(restrict) on press freedom. 三、短语填空 1．It really gives me much pleasure to hear that my daughter has greatly made progress(取得进步) this term. 2．This is an old building dating back to(追溯到) the 16th century. 3．You should exercise more instead of(代替) watching TV constantly at home. 4．Put all the tools in place(准备就绪) before you begin to do your work. 5．She has begun to withdraw into herself(不与人交往) since she moved here. 6．The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from(禁止很多人) taking up this sport. 7．They are good exercise for those who like to wrestle with(全力解决) challenging questions. 8．As the society and economy develop at a fast pace(快速), people are burdened and exhausted under great pressure in their strained, busy life. 9．Lingling, a 29­year­old girl living in Shanghai, has carefully gone to great lengths to(不遗余力) create a perfect life scene on social networking sites. 四、完成句子 1．她的眼睛像她妈妈的一样漂亮。 Her eyes are as beautiful as her mother's. 2．他给自己定规矩参加体力劳动。 He made it a rule to take part in physical labour. 3．这事不完全像我想的那么简单。 It wasn't quite as simple as I thought it would be． 4．没有你的帮助，我不可能完成我的任务。 Without your help, I wouldn't have finished my task. 5．使他难以适应国外新环境的是文化，而不是语言。 It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 五、教材语法填空 One of the most famous Chinese medical treatments is Chinese acupuncture, 1.dating(date) from the Stone Age. As acupuncture developed, nine different kinds of 2.needles(needle) appeared, which had different shapes. The majority of acupuncturists now use stainless steel needles. They push needles into the skin at certain points on the body 3.called(call) acupuncture points. So far, more than 360 acupuncture points 4.have been identified(identify), each linked to a different part of the body. Over the years, not only has acupuncture been used to treat physical and 5.mental(mentally) problems, but it has also been applied 6.to treat(treat) people who abuse alcohol, tobacco or drugs. 7.While/Though/Although it is not clear how acupuncture actually works, it is 8.a fact that acupuncture has become very popular. Today, it has come into widespread use around the world 9.as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture.While doubts about its safety have 10.gradually(gradual) disappeared, interest continues to grow. 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．关于我们学生的近视测试情况，我采访了专门从事眼睛保护(工作)的宁医生。(specialize) 2．测试结果确认我们学校80%的学生患有近视。(identified) 3．宁医生解释说，这主要是由于过度使用眼睛引起的。(arise from) 4．没有药物能够治愈和恢复它们。(cure and restore) 5．当被问及如何处理这一问题时，她建议学生们调整和限制自己的学习时间。(wrestle with; adjust and restrict) 6．她提到经常做眼保健操和参加更多的户外活动有益于我们的眼部健康。(be beneficial to eye health) [参考范文] I had an interview with Doctor Ning, who specializes in eye protection about the nearsightedness test among us students. The test results identified that 80% of students in our school are short­sighted. Doctor Ning explained it mainly arose from the overuse of the eyes. No medicine could cure or restore them. When asked how to wrestle with this, she recommended students to adjust and restrict the time of their study. She mentioned regular eye exercises and more outdoor activities are beneficial to our eye health. [对应学生用书P187] 一、一词多义之abuse [金题速练] (1)He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.滥用 (2)He alleged that he was verbally abused by other soldiers. 辱骂 (3)Throughout the book Liu speaks of the abuse of Party power. 滥用 (4)He showed how the rich and powerful can abuse their position.滥用 (5)What she did was an abuse of her position as manager.滥用 (6)Tom has a difficult life and is often abused by her stepmother.虐待 [名师点津] [相关短语] (1)abuse alcohol酗酒 (2)abuse drugs 滥用药物 (3)physical/mental abuse 肉体/精神折磨 (4)abuse animals 虐待动物 (5)abuse one's trust/confidence 背信弃义 (6)person abuse 人身攻击 [图说词义] Honesty and friendliness are traditional Chinese virtues and we can't abuse our trust. 诚信友善是中国传统美德，我们不能背信弃义。 二、重要的目的状语从句句型 [金题速练] (1)We should make use of every opportunity to practise English so that we can eventually have a good command of it. (2)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. (3)You must speak louder in order that you can be heard by all. (4)He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. (5)Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. (6)I am telling you that lest you should make a mistake. (7)She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. (8)He got up early so that he could catch the first bus. (9)We'll sit nearer the front so that we can hear better. [名师点津] 目的状语从句在写作中也能起到丰富句型结构的作用。其中最常见的就是so that 引导的目的状语从句，除此以外还有其他目的状语从句句型。 (1)in case 例：He left early in case he should miss the last train. 他动身得早，以免误了最后一班火车。 (2)for fear (that) 例：He handled the instrument with care for fear (that) it should be damaged. 他小心翼翼地触碰这个仪器，以防它被弄坏。 (3)so that 例：Let's take the front seats so that we can see more clearly. 让我们坐到前面的座位上，以便能看得更清楚些。 (4)in order that 例：He got up very early so that/in order that he might/could catch the early bus. 为了赶上早班车，他起了个大早。 (5)lest 例：They spoke in whispers lest they should be heard. 他们低声说话，以免被别人听见。 [图说词义] Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air. 请打开窗户以便我们能呼吸新鲜空气。 [课时作业(十九)见P347] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$