第一部分 必修第一册 UNIT1 Back to school（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

[对应学生用书P1] 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．senior adj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n．级别(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员 2．tip n．指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 3．style n．风格；方式；样式 4．technique n．技巧，技艺；技能 5．workshop n．研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊 6．biology n．生物学 7．butter n．黄油 8．pudding n．甜点；布丁 9．rugby n．橄榄球运动 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．positive adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 2．ahead adv.(时间、空间)向前；提前 3．forward adv.向将来；向前；进展，前进 4．focus n．焦点，重点 vt.& vi.集中 5．detail n．细节；具体情况 6．remind vt.提醒，使想起 7．proposal n．提议，建议，动议 8．material n．材料；素材 adj.物质的，实际的；客观存在的 9．poster n．海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 10．secondary adj.中学的；次要的 11．exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换 12．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 13．fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏 14．option n．可选择的事物，选择；选修课 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．potential n．潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.可能地→potentiality n．潜在的可能性；潜力 2．challenge n．& vt.挑战；质疑→challenging adj.挑战性的 3．amaze v．使惊奇；惊叹→amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazed adj.感到惊奇的→amazement n．惊讶，惊奇 4．confidence n．信心，信任；把握→confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.安心地；自信地 5．equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的 n．同等的人(物) linking v．与……相等 vt.比得上→equality n．平等→equally adv.平等地→unequal adj.不平等的 6．responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n．责任；职责 7．independent adj.自立的；自主的，有主见的→independence n．独立；自主→dependence n．依靠；依赖 8．advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的 9．profession n．专业；职业→professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n．专门人员，专业人士 10．improve vt.& vi.改进，改善→improvement n．改进，提高 11．attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attraction n．吸引→attractive adj.迷人的 12．fortune n．财富；运气；命运→fortunate adj.幸运的→unfortunate adj.不幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏→unfortunately adv.不幸地 13．contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute v.贡献；撰稿；捐助；捐赠 常用短语 1．lead to 导致 2．look forward to 盼望，期待 3．lie in 存在于，在于 4．take advantage of 利用 5．in time 终于，最后；及时 6．make a difference 起作用，有影响 7．take part in 参加；参与 8．make the most of 充分利用，尽情享受 9．last but not least 最后但同样重要的 10．begin with 以……开始 11．rise to 能够处理 12．as a result of 由于 13．stick to 坚持；固守，维持 14．over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之 经典句型 1．教材原句：However, learning in English was a great challenge for me. 句型：动名词(短语)作主语 翻译：然而，在全英语环境中学习对我来说是一个巨大的挑战。 2．教材原句：Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. 句型：be of＋n.＝be＋adj. 翻译：同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。 [对应学生用书P2] 词汇精讲 1　　effort n．努力，费力的事；试图 [归纳拓展] 　 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①He gained success more with effort than by chance. ②John is making an effort to lose weight by going to the gym regularly. ③We should spare no effort to protect(protect) our environment. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts(effort) to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤有一个锻炼伙伴，你会更加努力训练，因为存在一种微妙的竞争。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle competition. 2　　advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步 [归纳拓展] ①advance on/towards朝……前进 in advance 预先；提前 in advance of在……前；超过…… make advances in在……方面取得进步 ②advanced adj.高级的；先进的 [考点初探]　语法填空 In the near future, many ①advances(advance) will be made in the robot technology, making robots become more ②advanced(advance). In general, robots will advance ③on/towards artificial intelligence. So we had better learn something about it ④in advance. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤在出发前，我们提前做好了充分准备。 Before we set off, we had made full preparations in advance． ⑥如果你提前告知我你是否有空，我将感激不尽。 I'd appreciate it if you could let me know whether you are free or not in advance. 3　　amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 [归纳拓展] ①amazed adj.吃惊的；惊讶的 be amazed at/by 对……感到惊奇 be amazed to see/find 惊讶地看见/发现 ②amaze vt.使惊奇；使惊愕 ③amazement n．惊奇；惊愕 to one's amazement 令某人惊奇的是 in amazement 惊愕地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)He was amazed(amaze) at the results. ②(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing(amaze). ③Hearing the words, I stood in amazement(amaze) at first. ④To my amazement, the old professor remembered me. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤令我十分惊讶的是，他们都表现出极大的兴趣和热情，捐出了他们所有的压岁钱，充分表达了他们的感情和爱心。 Much to my amazement, all of them showed great interest and enthusiasm and donated all their lucky money, fully expressing their affection and their kindness. ⑥我们的城市变化如此之大，真是令人惊讶。我爱我们的城市，希望它将来会更好。 It is really amazing that our city has changed so much. I love our city and wish it could be better in the future. 4　　confidence n．信心，信任；把握 [归纳拓展] ①lose confidence in sb./sth.对某人/某事失去信心 have confidence in sb./oneself对某人/自己有信心 gain confidence获得信心 with confidence自信地 ②confident adj.有信心的；自信的 be confident of (doing)sth.对(做)某事有把握 be confident about对……有信心 ③confidently adv.有信心地；自信地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We have confidence in the accuracy of the statistics. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Did they tend to go with those most confident(confidence) about their estimates? ③With confidence，the athletes from different schools will gather in our school playground to compete in the competition. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④此外，你教给了我一些有用的演讲技能，并让我充满信心。 What's more, you taught me some helpful speaking skills and made me full of confidence． 5　　equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的 n．同等的人(物) linking v．与……相等 vt.比得上 [归纳拓展] ①be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任做某事 A equals B in ...　A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌 without equal＝have no equal 无与伦比 ②equality n．平等 ③equally adv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Any man will be equal to the task, so long as he is careful.You should give it a try. ②No one equals him in courage, about which everyone knows. ③Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④因此，我可以作为一名志愿者，带领参观者参观画廊，我确信我能胜任这项工作。 So I can serve as a volunteer to guide the visitors round the gallery and I am convinced that I am equal to the job． ⑤我们需要积极参加各种体育运动，注意心理健康，这和身体健康同样重要。 We need to take an active part in all kinds of sports, and pay attention to mental health, which is equal to physical health． 6　　balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力 [归纳拓展] ①keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 keep a balance between A and B　在A与B之间保持平衡 out of balance 失去平衡 balance A against B　权衡/比较A和B ②balanced adj.平衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We should try to keep nature balanced(balance) by raising some rare animals. ②Out of balance, the little dog fell in the snow suddenly. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③不要太焦虑，否则会妨碍你享受生活。此外，众所周知，一个平衡的学习计划很重要。 Don't be too anxious, or it will prevent you enjoying life. Besides, it is known that a balanced learning plan matters． ④随着时间的推移，我适应得很好，并努力在学习和生活之间取得平衡，我相信我会在未来保持下去。 With time going by, I am fitting in well and trying to strike a balance between study and life, and I believe I will keep it up in the future. 7　　responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 [归纳拓展] ①be responsible for sth.对某事负责 ②responsibility n．责任 a sense of responsibility 责任感 take responsibility for对……负责 ③irresponsible adj.不负责任的 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①She wants me to take responsibility for everything that went wrong in our relationship. ②It's because teenagers are more irresponsible(responsible), or more lazy, or more boring. ③(2022·全国乙卷)China has a responsibility(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④首先，待在家里，如果没有必要的话不要出去。 对自己和他人负责。 此外，在户外时一定要戴口罩。 First of all, stay at home and don't go out if not necessary. Be responsible for yourself and others. In addition, do wear masks while you are in the open air. ⑤在我看来，减少垃圾污染是每个人的责任。 In my opinion, it is everyone's responsibility to reduce garbage pollution. 8　　base vt.以……为基础(依据) n．根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营 [归纳拓展] ①base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上 be based on/upon以……为基础；依据…… ②basis n．基础；基本原则；根据；基点 on the basis of ... 根据……；在……的基础上 ③basic adj.基本的；基础的；初级的；根本的 ④basically adv.大体上；基本上 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)My suggestion is to group students based(base) on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. ③The theory he put up was based(base) on his years' research, so it was practical. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ④The movie was based on a real­life incident. And it turned out to be a success. →The movie, based on a real­life incident, turned out to be a success.(过去分词短语作定语) 9　　remind vt.提醒，使想起 [归纳拓展] ①remind sb.of/about sth./sb. 提醒某人某事/某人；使某人想起某事/某人 remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind (sb.) that/how/what ... 提醒(某人)…… ②reminder n．提醒人的事物 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①(2024·高考适应性测试)That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders(reminder) of what they are. ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close(close) the window in my car when rain is coming. ③(2023·全国甲卷)Those tomatoes had a taste that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ④We put up a board. It reminded them to protect the trees. →We put up a board reminding them to protect the trees．(分词短语作定语) →We put up a board which/that reminded them to protect the trees．(定语从句) 10　　aim n．目的，目标 vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对 [归纳拓展] ①aim at瞄准；旨在 aim to do sth. 旨在做某事 be aimed at (doing) sth. 目的是(做)某事，旨在(做)某事 ②achieve/realise one's aim 实现某人的目标 with the aim of(＝for the purpose of) 为了…… ③aimless adj.无目标的，无计划的 ④aimlessly adv.漫无目的地 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The aim of the trip is to encourage young people to explore the cave. ②Jane moved aimlessly(aim) down the tree­lined street, not knowing where she was heading. ③There is a column called “Foreign Cultures” in the newspaper of our school, aiming(aim) to introduce foreign customs and the life of high school students. ④(2022·浙江1月卷)Dr Horder's study aimed to find(find) a cure for dementia. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。 This activity is aimed at improving the students' ability of listening and speaking. 11　　exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换 [归纳拓展] ①exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物 exchange A for B　把A换成B ②in exchange作为交换 in exchange for 以换取…… [考点初探]　单句填空 ①On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged(exchange) by members topped 31 million. ②I want the students to study the materials on their own and then exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom. ③Would you like to exchange your horse for my car? ④It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤联合国中文日促进世界语言和文化交流。 (2025·八省高考综合改革适应性演练)The UN Chinese Language Day promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world. 12　　contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠 [归纳拓展] ①make a contribution/contributions to ... 对……作出贡献 ②contribute ...to ... 把……贡献给……；向……投稿 contribute to ... 导致……；有助于…… [考点初探]　单句填空 ①He contributed a large sum of money to the fund. ②Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. ③(2025·八省高考综合改革适应性演练)China，on its part，will make new contributions(contribution) to the international community. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④你愿意为医院建设基金会捐款吗？ Would you like to make a contribution to the Hospital Building Fund? 13　　make a difference起作用，有影响 [归纳拓展] ①make a difference to/in 对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference (to/in ...)(对……)有/没有/几乎没有作用或影响 ②tell the difference (between ... and ...)辨别/区分(……与……) [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We try to create some work opportunities that will really make a difference to the youth. ②It makes no difference to him whether you stay here or go to Hong Kong. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③这次成人礼影响了我的人生态度。 The coming­of­age ceremony makes a difference to my attitude towards life. 14　　look forward to 盼望，期待 [归纳拓展] look forward to中的to是介词，其后接名词或动名词，其他类似短语还有： ①get down to 开始(认真)…… ②devote oneself to 献身于……，致力于…… ③be/get accustomed to 习惯于…… ④pay attention to 注意…… ⑤be addicted to 沉迷于…… ⑥object to 反对…… [考点初探]　单句填空 ①I'm looking forward to doing(do) this thing. ②(2022·浙江1月卷)Needless to say, I didn't look forward to an entire term of being brushed off, but I tried to make the best of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make things worse. ③It's time to have class. Please pay attention to what I am saying. ④Don't worry. After lunch we will get down to discussing(discuss) the problem. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑤这是一个展示你多年书法学习成就的好机会，我希望你能赢。 期待你的即时回复。 It's a good opportunity to show your years of calligraphy learning and I hope you can win. I am looking forward to your instant reply． ⑥我们经常在社区组织各种活动，敦促人们在我们的共同努力下更多地关注动物和环境保护。 What we do regularly is organise various activities in communities to urge people to pay more attention to the protection of animals and the environment with our combined efforts. 15　　as a result of 由于 [归纳拓展] ①as a result 因此，结果是 without result(＝in vain) 徒劳，毫无结果 with the result that ... 结果是…… ②result in 导致，造成(后接结果) result from(＝lie in) 由……引起，产生于(后接原因) [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Positive thinking and action result in success. ②(2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)Programme evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. ③Misunderstandings resulting(result) from lack of social communication, if not handled properly, may lead to serious problems. [考点进阶]　一句多译 　④我的懒惰导致了我的失败。 →My laziness resulted in my failure. →My failure resulted from my laziness. →I failed as a result of my laziness. →I was lazy. As a result, I failed. 句型精析 动名词(短语)作主语 [归纳拓展] 　①动名词(短语)作主语多表示一般性的、习惯性的、抽象的动作或者状态，谓语动词常用单数形式。 ②动名词(短语)作主语时，其逻辑主语往往用形容词性的物主代词、名词所有格等。 ③动名词(短语)作主语时，其位置常位于句首或者句末(此时形式主语it位于主语的位置)。 [考点初探]　单句填空 　①It is no use talking(talk) without doing. ②There is no saying(say) when he'll come. ③No smoking is(be) allowed! [考点进阶]　完成句子 　④玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。 It is a waste of time playing computer games． ⑤他们来帮助我们对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Their coming to help us was a great encouragement to us. ⑥跟他讨论这样的事情纯粹是浪费时间。 It is simply a waste of time discussing such matters with him ． [对应学生用书P9] 一、单词拼写 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive(积极的) step，but don't beat yourself up about them. 2．(2024·全国甲卷)If a pet cat is hungry，it will keep meowing to attract(吸引)attention and find food. 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)In the hospital, his pale face reminded(提醒) me of his competitive personality. 4．Could you distribute copies well in advance(提前) of the meeting? 5．The school sees its job as preparing students to make a contribution(贡献) to society. 6．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，which are often not so serious，and devote less mental effort(努力) than when they are reading print. 7．Visitors are often amazed(吃惊的) to discover how little the ancient town has changed. 8．He told his teacher confidently(充满信心地) that he would rise to the challenge. 9．I'm trying to do what is best, but equally(平等地) I've got to consider the cost. 10．Though he has gone through a series of hardships, his positive attitude(态度) towards life is amazing. 二、单句填空 1．There have been great advances(advance) in medicine in the last ten years. 2．They decided to take advantage of the fine weather to go to the country. 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he tried acupuncture，an ancient Chinese practice，and was amazed(amaze) that he improved after two or three treatments. 4．The teacher wants the children to feel confident(confidence) about asking questions when they don't understand. 5．She determined that she would be equal to any test the corporation put her to. 6．I don't feel ready to take on these new responsibilities(responsible). 7．Mike found a challenging(challenge) job as a computer programmer. 8．Here comes(come) a good chance that you can use your summer vacation to go on study tours. 9．Your problem lies in lacking efficient methods. 10．Jim couldn't wait to turn(turn) on the TV when he got home. 三、短语填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The rapid growth of travel has led to(导致) overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 2．We are looking forward to(期待) seeing you again. 3．Put simply, the difficulty lies in(在于) the fact that we are short of money. 4．They took advantage of(利用) the hotel facilities yesterday. 5．Work harder from now on, and you will reach your goal in time(及时). 6．The plan will certainly make a difference(对……产生影响) to the way I do my job. 7．The old man is over 70, but he often takes part in(参加；参与) various activities. 8．If you are given such an opportunity, you'd better make the most of(充分利用) it. 9．Last but not least(最后但同样重要的是), go over your lessons before going to bed every day. 10．The party began with(以……开始) a sweet song sung by a group of children the other day. 四、完成句子 1．清扫办公室是史密斯先生的日常职责之一。 Cleaning the offices is one of Mr.Smith's daily duties. 2．显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那样刻苦学习。 Obviously, the boy doesn't study as hard as many of his classmates． 3．随着时间的推移，我们确信这些类别的汽车价格会下降。 Over time, we are confident that the prices of these sorts of cars will come down. 4．使大家惊奇的是他没来参加会议。 What amazed everybody was that he didn't come to the meeting. 5．充分利用各种条件，我们就能取得成功。 Make the most of all kinds of conditions，and we will achieve success. 五、教材语法填空 I can't wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like. The path before you leads 1.to a world full of challenges. However, when you work hard to get over the challenges, you will have the opportunity 2.to acquire(acquire) great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. Your time and effort at senior high school 3.will open (open) the door to your potential. Potential is your natural ability that can 4.be developed(develop) when you try hard enough. The possibilities are endless. Over the next three years, you will discover your potential 5.while you develop as a student and as a person. To 6.fully(full) realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources. Take advantage of your classes, learn from your teachers and classmates, and make use of our school facilities. 7.In addition, your good study habits, positive attitudes and useful skills are of equal 8.importance(important). Last but not least, make efforts 9.to improve(improve) your communication skills and always look on the bright side. In a word, you need to make 10.continuous(continue) efforts to realize your great potential. 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．学生会希望我们的学校生活更加丰富多彩，因此决定成立一个自行车俱乐部。(set up) 2．我建议俱乐部每周有一次基本的培训，这将由老师来指导。(basic; which) 3．如果可能的话，还应该有一次户外自行车旅行。(if possible) 4．最后但同样重要的是，学生会应充分利用各种方式使所有学生了解这个俱乐部。(last but not least; make the most of) [参考范文] The Students' Union wants our school life to become more colorful, and therefore has decided to set up a cycling club. I recommend that the club should have basic training once a week, which will be instructed by teachers. There should also be an outdoor cycling trip if (it is) possible. Last but not least, the Students' Union should make the most of various ways to make the club known to all students. [对应学生用书P11] 一、一词多义之exchange [金题速练] (1)In most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions．交换 (2)If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer.调换 (3)I'm going to go on an exchange with Dr.Fisher.互访 (4)I'm going to travel abroad, so I go to exchange some RMB for dollars in the bank.兑换 (5)Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other.交流 (6)He is eager to enter into correspondence with an Englishman for promoting culture exchange.(文化)交流 [名师点津] [图说词义] There was a heated exchange about the problem between Li Hua and Wang Hong. 关于这个问题，李华和王红产生了激烈的争论。 二、活用advance [金题速练] (1)提前感谢你。 Thank you in advance. (2)Thanks to the advanced technology(先进的科技), we live in an age of better communication. (3)The army advanced across the plain.前进 (4)This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning. 使进步 (5)The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1.提前 (6)We are willing to advance the money to you. 预支 [名师点津] [图说词义] He who does not advance falls backward.不进则退。 [课时作业(一)见P293] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$