第一部分 选择性必修第四册 UNIT1 Honesty and responsibility（课件PPT）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

高考总复习 英语 第一部分 教材全面复习 Unit 1　Honesty and responsibility 选择性必修第四册 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．_______ n．钻石 2．___________adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 3．_____ vt.(表示惊奇)；祝福 4．____ n．英寸；少量，短距离 5．_______ vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 diamond worthwhile bless inch suspect 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 6．______ n．(义务、责任等的)重担，负担 7．______ vt.& vi.辞职，辞去 8．______ adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 9．_____ vt.欺骗，蒙骗 vi.作弊，舞弊 10．____ vt.包，裹；用……缠绕 n．披肩，围巾；包裹材料 11．______ n．包裹，小包；一块地 vt.裹好，打包 12．_______ vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 13．_____ n．仁慈，宽恕 burden resign superb cheat wrap parcel pretend mercy 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 4 14．________ n．最后期限，截止日期 15．_____ n．过错，责任；弱点，缺点 deadline fault 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．barely adv.__________________________________ 2．collar n．__________________ 3．outline vt.____________ n．__________________ 4．arrest n．& vt.__________ 5．wire vt.________________________________ n．_____________________ 6．anyhow adv.______________________________ 7．principle n．____________________ 8．decent adj.__________________________________ 刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 衣领；颈圈；圈，箍 概述，略述 概述；轮廓线，略图 逮捕，拘捕 给(某人)打电报；接通(电源) 金属丝；电线；铁丝网 不过，总之；尽管；而且；随便地 道德原则；法则；信条 正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 6 9．core adj.__________________ n．__________________ 10．ward n．____ 11．substantial adj.__________________________________ 12．mineral n．____________ 13．bow n．____________ vi.______________ 14．nephew n．__________ 15．wrinkle n．__________________ vt.& vi.______________________ 16．pause vi.____________ n．________________ 核心的；最重要的 核心，最重要的部分 病房 大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 矿物，矿物质 蝴蝶结；弓 鞠躬；低(头) 侄子，外甥 皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 (使脸上)起皱纹，皱起 停顿，暂停 停顿，停顿的时间 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 17．sew vi.& vt.(sewed, sewn)__________________ 18．virtue n．______________________ 19．organic adj.____________________________________________ 20．garbage n．__________ 21．saving n．____________________ 22．bonus n．____________________ 缝，做针线活；缝上 美德；正直的品性；优点 有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 垃圾；废话 节省物，节省；储蓄金 意外收获；奖金，红利 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．_____ n．罪行；犯罪行为→________ n．罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 2．___________ n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务→_______ v．任命；制定；约定→_________ adj.指定的；被任命的 3．______ adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的→_____ n．犯罪，过失；内疚 4．_________ n．清白→________ adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n．无辜者，单纯的人→ __________ adv.无罪地 crime criminal appointment appoint appointed guilty guilt innocence innocent innocently 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 5．_____ adj.合法的；法律的→_______ adv.合法地→_______ adj.不合法的；非法的→_________ adv.不合法地；非法地 6．________ adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→____ vi.依赖；依靠 7．______ adj.社会的；社交的；群居的→_______ n．社会；协会→_________ adj.社会主义的 n．社会主义者→________ adv.在社会上；善于交际地→_________ n．社会主义 legal legally illegal illegally reliable rely social society socialist socially socialism 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 8．__________ n．照片 vt.给……照相→___________ n．摄影→____________ n．摄影师，拍照者 9．_______ adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→_____ n．羞愧→________ adj.可耻的 10．_______ v．(forgave, forgiven) 原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)→___________ n．原谅，宽恕→__________ adj.可宽恕的 11．____________ adj.失望的，沮丧的→__________ vt.使失望 12．_____ v．指导，引导→________ n．指导；导航 photograph photography photographer ashamed shame shameful forgive forgiveness forgivable disappointed disappoint guide guidance 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 11 常用短语 1．_________ 拆毁，拆除 2．__________________ 发财 3．____________ 失去联系 4．__________ 臂挽着臂 5．____________ 被逮捕 6．________________________ 任……处置，对……无能为力 7．_________________ 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 8．__________ 过骗人的生活，为人虚伪 tear down make one's fortune lose contact arm in arm under arrest at the mercy of sb./sth. weigh on sb./sth. live a lie 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 12 9．________________ 坦白地说，说实话 10．________ 弄错；(机器等)发生故障；出现问题 frankly speaking go wrong 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 经典句型 教材原句：When he had to go away on business, he always chose the midnight flight so that he did not miss any work in the daytime. 句型：so that引导状语从句 翻译：________________________________________________________ ______________ 主干知识一遍清 必备知识夯实 词汇精讲 1　　suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 [归纳拓展] ①suspect sb. of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事 suspect sb./sth. to be/as ... 怀疑某人/某物是…… ②suspicion n．怀疑；疑心 under suspicion被怀疑 ③suspicious adj.怀疑的；可疑的 be suspicious of/about sth.对某事怀疑 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①In Samarkand, Mr.Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when _________(suspect) of drug dealing. ②The drug ____________(suspect) of causing over 200 deaths. ③__________(suspect) nothing，he walked right into the trap. suspected is suspected Suspecting 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④从他不正常的行为来判断，我怀疑他是一个小偷。 Judging from his abnormal behaviour, I ___________________ a thief. suspected him to be 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 2　　guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的 [归纳拓展] ①feel guilty at/about sth.因某事感到内疚 be guilty of sth.有……的罪过/过失 ②guilt n．内疚，悔恨，犯罪；有罪 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①She had feelings of _____(guilty) about leaving her children and going to work. ②Don't feel guilty _________ taking a day off to get your life back in balance. guilt for/about 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ③我们都认为这个人从小摊上偷蔬菜是错误的。 We all thought the man _____________ stealing some vegetables from the stall. was guilty of 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 3　　ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 [归纳拓展] ①be ashamed of sb.为某人感到羞愧 be ashamed of oneself for doing ...某人因做了……而感到羞愧 be ashamed to do ...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 ②shame n．羞愧；令人遗憾的事 It's a shame that ... ……是令人遗憾的事。 ③shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We thought his behavior was ________(shame). ②I'm _______(shame) to leave you this way. ③We are often ashamed __ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ④That is the only French phrase I mastered，and it's _ shame I don't have much use for it. shameful ashamed of a 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　句式升级 ⑤He was ashamed of what happened and bowed his head. →__________________________he bowed his head.(过去分词短语作原因状语) Ashamed of what happened, 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 4　　forgive vt.& vi.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务) [归纳拓展] ①forgive me请原谅我；对不起 ②forgive sb. sth.原谅某人某事 ③forgive one's doing sth.原谅某人做了某事 ④forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做了)某事 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 25 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may ___________(forgive) for thinking they are in a city gallery. ②(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)It's just as important to show yourself some ___________(forgive). ③Forgive my____________(interrupt) you, but I really don't agree with that. be forgiven forgiveness interrupting 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④令我吃惊的是，他原谅了我的错误。 To my surprise, _____________________. he forgave my mistake 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 5　　disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 [归纳拓展] ①be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望 be disappointed at/by sth.对某事感到失望 be disappointed with sb.对某人感到失望 ②disappointing adj.令人失望的 ③disappointment n．失望 to one's disappointment令某人感到失望的是 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①He felt ____________(disappoint) but he tried to put on a brave face. ②Dr.Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little _____________(disappoint)”. ③To my ______________(disappoint), he did not come. disappointed disappointing disappointment 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④因为没有得到这个工作机会，他很失望。但很快，他克服了这种失落感。 He ___________________ not getting the job, but he soon got over it. was disappointed at 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 6　　pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend _____________(read). ②When my mother came back, I pretended ______________(fall) asleep. ③He pretended not _______(know) how to play the piano. to be reading to have fallen to know 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④她打开一本书，假装读书，眼泪落在打开的书页上。 She opened a book, __________________，with tears dropping on the open page. pretending to read 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 7　　mercy n．仁慈，宽恕 [归纳拓展] ①have mercy on对……怜悯 show mercy to sb.对某人仁慈 at the mercy of任……处置；对……无能为力 without mercy毫不留情地 It's a mercy that ... 幸运的是……；幸亏…… 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 ②merciful adj.仁慈的；宽恕的；宽大的 be merciful to sb.对某人仁慈 ③merciless adj.残忍的；无情的 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The beggar has no money with which to buy food. However, no passers­by have mercy __ him. ②Most farmers live __ the mercy of nature where few water storage equipment is in use. ③Nicholas was very kind, ________(mercy) and generous. on at merciful 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　一句多译 ④幸运的是，我将在两周后回家过暑假。 →_____________________I will go home in two weeks for summer vacation. →____________ I will go home in two weeks for summer vacation. Luckily/Fortunately, It's a mercy 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 8　　lose contact失去联系 [归纳拓展] contact vt.(与)联系；(与)接触 n．接触；联系 keep/stay/be in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系 make contact with sb. 联系某人 have contact with sb. 和某人有联系/接触 be out of contact with sb. 与某人失去联系 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①They keep __ contact with each other after graduation. ②According to a recent survey, people in urban areas seldom make contact ____ their neighbours. ③The plane lost contact ____ the ground control center after it took off and hasn't been found yet. in with with 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④你可以通过电子邮件和我们联系。 You can ____________________． contact us by e­-mail 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 句型精析 so that引导状语从句 [归纳拓展] ①so that从句中常常使用情态动词can/could、 may/might、 will/would等。so that引导的目的状语从句不能放于句首，而in order that引导的目的状语从句既可放在句首，也可放在主句之后。 ②当so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句可变为so as to或in order to的动词不定式短语。 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点初探]　写出so that从句所作的成分 ①We turned up the radio so that everyone could hear it. ________ ②They worked very hard, so that they finished the work before supper. ________ 目的状语 结果状语 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 [考点进阶]　一句多译 ③他提高了嗓门，以便大家都能听到。 →He raised his voice ___________________________________．(so that) →He raised his voice ___________________________．(so as to) →He raised his voice _____________________．(动词不定式) so that he could make himself heard so as to make himself heard to make himself heard 考点归纳对接用 核心考点突破 一、单词拼写 1．They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in ________(矿物质) and so more fertile. 2．(2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)The garden also contains a winding path that ______(指导) visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. 3．He tried to cope with the ever­increasing ______(重担) of his work, but finally his health broke down. minerals guides burden 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 4．When she heard that the tickets had been sold out, she was ____________(失望). 5．He who thinks too much of his _______(美德) reminds others of his vice. 6．The police burst in and ________(逮捕) the thief. 7．Each side declared that it would never abandon its _________(原则). 8．I don't know why she is always finding _____(过错) with me. 9．Tom _________(假装) to be sleeping when Jenny came in. disappointed virtues arrested principle fault pretended 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 二、单句填空 1．We should learn to show mercy __ others. 2．Have you kept in contact ____ any of your friends from college? 3．When asked by the boss, he pretended _____________(know) the solution to the problem already. 4．It is _________(fortune) that now the public is starting to pay attention. 5．She was ____________(disappoint) that he never replied to her letter. to with to have known fortunate disappointed 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 6．______________(forgive) for the past is the most precious gift we can receive. 7．She was deeply ashamed __ her behaviour at the party. 8．Though awarded as National Teacher of the Year, she is guilty _________ spending so little time with her kids. 9．Which of these people do you suspect __ the murder? Being forgiven of for/about of 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 三、短语填空 1．Let's analyze the problem and see what __________(出现问题). 2．Our lack of money began to ________(使焦虑不安) me. 3．Years later, we decided to _________(拆除) our ugly house and build a beautiful one with a garden. 4．Does this mean you're putting me ____________(被逮捕)? 5．Fishermen are always _______________(任……处置) the forces of nature. went wrong weigh on tear down under arrest at the mercy of 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 6．________________(坦白地说)，I have little money in reserve. 7．He left his hometown and determined to ________________(发财) in the big city. 8．I'd hate to ____________(失去联系) with my old school friends. 9．He walked from the court __________(臂挽着臂) with his wife. Frankly speaking make his fortune lose contact arm in arm 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 四、完成句子 1．格雷丝过去工作不够努力，因此，她年纪轻轻就失业了。 Grace did not work hard enough, __________________________ when she is still young. 2．一发现有动静，警察就毫不留情地开枪。 At the first sign of movement, the policemen __________________． so that she is out of work shot without mercy 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 3．真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看。 _________________ she isn't here to see it in person. 4．就在那个时候，我开始怀疑我是否应该告诉她那件事。 Just at that time, I began to _______________________________________． It's a shame that suspect whether to tell her that matter 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 五、教材语法填空 The policeman saw a man 1.________(stand) in the doorway of a store, 2.____ an unlit cigar in his mouth. The man struck 3._ match and lit his cigar. Twenty years ago that night, the man dined here with Jimmy Wells，his best friend.The next morning he left New York and 4.________(travel) to the West to make 5.___(he) fortune.They agreed that night that they would meet here again 6._______(exact) twenty years later, no matter what their conditions might be or 7.____ distance they might have to come from.The policeman said it sounded standing with a traveled his exactly what 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 pretty 8.__________(remark).The man told the policeman Jimmy always was the 9.______(true) and most reliable fellow in the world.They lost contact but he came a thousand 10._____(mile) to stand in this doorway that night, and it was worthwhile if his old partner turned up. remarkable truest miles 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．众所周知，尊敬和照顾老人是中华民族的传统美德。(virtue) 2．在过去，大部分人往往帮助昏厥的或者摔倒的老人。(majority; tend; assist; faint) 3．现在，当一位老人被绊倒时，一些人陷入了道德困境，不知道是否去帮助他。(trip over; moral dilemmas) 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 4．他们害怕被诬陷，让自己陷入麻烦。因此，他们拒绝对老人进行帮助和急救。(frame; scared; therefore; refuse; first aid) 5．我觉得我们应该坚持道德准则，帮助老人渡过难关。(moral principles; carry through) 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 [参考范文] As we all know, respecting and taking care of the old is a traditional Chinese virtue.In the past, the majority tended to assist the old who fainted or fell down.But at present when an old man trips over, some of people get into moral dilemmas, not knowing whether to help him or not. They are scared to be framed, making themselves get into trouble. Therefore, they refuse to help and give first aid to the old. In my opinion, we should stick to moral principles, carrying the old through difficulties. 运用能力提高 基本考点强化练 一、一词多义之operate [金题速练] (1)The machine is not operating at maximum efficiency.__________ (2)Computers are much easier to operate.__________ (3)They plan to operate a new office in Paris. _______________________ _________________ (4)We will have to operate on his eyes.______ (5)Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.____________ (6)What skills are needed to operate this machinery? __________ 运行；运转 操作；使用 (以某种方式或从某地方) 动手术 起作用，奏效 操作；控制 经营，营业 专项提能 拓展知识维度 [名师点津] 专项提能 拓展知识维度 [相关词块] (1)operate a business/company 经营一家企业/公司 (2)operate a computer操作一台电脑 (3)operate smoothly运转顺利 (4)operate on对……动手术 (5)operator n．操作员；接线员 (6)联想：cooperate v．合作 专项提能 拓展知识维度 [图说词义] The lift was not operating properly. 那部电梯运行不正常。 专项提能 拓展知识维度 二、动词不定式作后置定语 [金题速练] (1)China has become the first country _______(land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. (2)We have the chance _________(obtain) information about how the moon is constructed. (3)This is the best book _________(appear) this year. (4)The little boy has a large family __________(support). to land to obtain to appear to support 专项提能 拓展知识维度 (5)Actually, I have no wish __________(quarrel) with you. (6)There is nothing important _____(do) this afternoon. (7)The question _______________(discuss) in class tomorrow may be difficult for students. (8)They have a lot of cases ______________ (investigate). to quarrel to do to be discussed to investigate 专项提能 拓展知识维度 [名师点津] 动词不定式作后置定语常见情况 (1)所修饰的名词是序数词或前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 (2)所修饰的名词前有the very、 the last修饰时。 (3)所修饰的名词和其逻辑主语是被动关系，同时发出动作的是句子的主语，用动词不定式的主动式表示被动含义。 (4)所修饰名词与不定式结构是一种同位关系。 专项提能 拓展知识维度 (5)不定式修饰不定代词。 (6)不定式修饰名词，表示将要发生的动作。 (7)常见的修饰抽象名词的动词不定式短语： 做某事的机会 the chance to do sth. 做某事的能力 the ability to do sth. 做某事的方法 the way to do sth. 做某事的权利 the right to do sth. 专项提能 拓展知识维度 66 [图说词义] Madame Curie was the first person in the world to receive two Nobel Prizes. 居里夫人是世界上第一个两次获得诺贝尔奖的人。 专项提能 拓展知识维度 请完成：课时作业（二十五） 温馨提示 谢谢观看！ 当他不得不出差时，他总是选择午夜航班，这样他就不会错过白天的任何工作。 [归纳拓展] 　pretend $$