Unit4 Looking good, feeling good（语法课件）-2024-25学年高一英语单元核心语法词汇精讲课件（译林版2020必修第一册）

Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good Grammar and usage 译林版2020 Grammar and usage Restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs 译林版2020 Review Separate the sayings 定语从句的分解 1. He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount. 句子①： 句子②： 2. A man who does not plan long ahead will find trouble right at his door. 句子①： 句子②： He rides a tiger. He is afraid to dismount. A man will find trouble right at his door. A man does not plan long ahead. Sayings 定语从句的分解 3. The person who removes a mountain begins by carrying away small stones. 句子①： 句子②： 4. A fox that has been caught in a trap fears all bushes. 句子①： 句子②： The person begins by carrying away small stones. The person removes a mountain. A fox fears all bushes. A fox has been caught in a trap. Sayings 定语从句的分解 5. A bird that comes too early gets the worm. 句子①： 句子②： 6. A word that is spoken cannot be taken back. 句子①： 句子②： A bird gets the worm. A bird comes too early. A word is spoken. A word cannot be taken back. Sayings 定语从句的分解 7. A man who is not ashamed of his past will not fear his future. 句子①： 句子②： 8. A person who does not listen to advice will suffer loss. 句子①： 句子②： A man will not fear his future. A man is not ashamed of his past. A person will suffer loss. A person does not listen to advice. Sayings 定语从句的分解 9. A horse that stumbles may regain its footing; a man who errs may correct his ways. 句子①： 句子②： 句子①： 句子②： A horse stumbles. A horse may regain its footing. a man errs. a man may correct his ways. Sayings 定语从句的分解 10. A road that is long tests a horse’s strength; a time that is long reveals a man’s heart. 句子①： 句子②： 句子①： 句子②： A road tests a horse’s strength. A road is long. a time reveals a man’s heart. a time is long . Sayings Combine the sentences 定语从句的合并 1. The man who is standing there is my uncle. 句子①： 句子②： 2. The boy to whom you gave the book is my cousin. 句子①： 句子②： The man is standing there. The man is my uncle. You gave the book to the boy. The boy is my cousin. 定语从句的合并 3. The dog whose tail was injured is now recovering. 句子①： 句子②： 4. The car which was parked outside belongs to my neighbor. 句子①： 句子②： The dog is now recovering. The dog’s tail was injured. The car belongs to my neighbor. The car was parked outside. 定语从句的合并 5. The book I bought yesterday is very interesting. 句子①： 句子②： 6. Everything that happened was my fault. 句子①： 句子②： The book is very interesting. I bought the book yesterday. Everything was my fault. Everything happened. 定语从句的合并 7. This is the house in which I grew up. 句子①： 句子②： 8. The person I admire most is my mother. 句子①： 句子②： This is the house. I grew up in the house. The person is my mother. I admire the person most. 关系代词 指代 在定语从句中充当的成分 人 物 主语 宾语 定语 状语 who whom which that whose Review 【温故知新】用适当的关系代词填空。 1. The problems __________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 2. He is the most successful Chinese basketball player _______ has joined NBA and is admired by Americans. 3. The first thing ______ I want to do is to have a rest. 4. I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. 5. Among the many dangers _________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. whose which/that which/that that that/who Grammar and usage 用关系副词when时，先行词指时间 (如time, day, year, occasion, moment等)，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“in/on/after/during+which”。 I still remember the day when I first came to Nanjing. Mr Black was born in the year when World WarⅡ broke out. = in which = on which 1. when Grammar 用关系副词where时，先行词指地点 (如place, room, house, area, point, situation, case等)，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“in/on/at+which”。 This is the farm where we worked when we were young. The school where his mother teaches is in the west of the city. = on which = in which 2. where Grammar 用关系副词why时，先行词指原因 (先行词一般是reason)， why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“for+ which”。 There are several reasons why the boys should be punished. Tom couldn’t give the teacher the reason why he was late. = for which = for which 3. why Grammar 关系副词的作用 ①连接：连接定语从句和主句 ②替代：关系副词=介词+which=介词+先行词 ③成分：在定语从句中作状语 关系副词 先行词 充当从句的成分 when 表时间的名词 时间状语 where 表地点的名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 Grammar 1. The village __________my brother and I learned farming five years ago has developed a lot. where 2. Life is like a long race _______ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. where 3. October 1, 1949 was the day ______ the PRC was founded. when 4. I don’t believe the reason ____________ he gave me yesterday and that’s the reason ______ I called him just now. (which/that) why I’ll never forget the days ____________ we worked together. I’ll never forget the days ___________we spent together. when/in which that 如何区分关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句 先行词为时间类名词，一定用关系副词when吗？可以用that/which吗? 缺时间状语 in the days 缺spent的宾语 the days ★不能看到表时间的名词作先行词就用when，要看从句缺什么成分！如从句完整不缺主语、宾语、定语，而缺时间状语时，才用关系副词when。 先行词为地点类，一定用关系副词where吗？可以用that/which吗？ This is the house ___________ he was born. This is the house ____________ was set up by his parents. where that/which 缺地点状语 缺主语 ★不能看到表地点的名词作先行词就用where, 要看从句缺什么成分!如从句完整不缺主语、宾语、定语，而缺地点状语时，才用关系副词where。 先行词为原因类，一定用关系副词why吗？可以用that/which吗？ This is the reason ____________he was late. This is the reason ____________he told us. why that/which 缺原因状语for the reason 缺told的直接宾语 ★不能看到reason这个名词作先行词就用why，要看从句缺什么成分!如从句完整不缺主语、宾语、定语，而缺原因状语时，用关系副词why。 the way 作先行词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that吗？ Explain the way _______________ you managed to fix the compute. Explain the way_____________ you taught me yesterday. (in which/that) (that/which) 缺方式状语 缺直接宾语 ★way这个先行词在从句中作主语、宾语时用that/which，如从句完整不缺主语、宾语，而缺方式状语时，可用（that）/inwhich，还可以省略。 I will never forget the days __________ we spent together. I will never forget the days __________ we stayed together. The reason _________ he explained at the meeting was not accepted. The reason _________ he was late was that he missed his train. Can you recognize the house ________ you used to live with your parents? Can you recognize the house _________ Tom sold three years ago? 用that, which, when, where, why填空 that/which when that/which why where that/which 31 做题技巧 一、判：判断从句成分结构是否完整。 句子不完整：缺少主、宾、表、定用关系代词； 句子完整：只是缺少状语用关系副词。 二、找：看主句，找先行词，指人还是指物。 Example This is the factory ___________I visited last year. This is the factory_________he used to work. （that/which） where (从句缺少宾语，故用关系代词；先行词是物，可选用that/which/×;无特殊情况，两个都可以选。) （从句完整不缺成分，故用关系副词；the factory是地点，故用where。） Practice makes perfect 小试牛刀 1. The stage ______ the band performed was outdoors. 2. The process __________ plants convert sunlight to energy is photosynthesis(光合作用). 3. The year ______ he won the award was 2020. 4. The point ______ we disagreed was about budget. 5. The country __________ coffee originated is Ethiopia. 6. He described the way ______ the accident happened. 7. The period _______________ Shakespeare wrote his plays is the Renaissance. where in which when where from which that during which 小试牛刀 8. The location ______ the treasure is buried remains unknown. 9. The era ______ the pyramids were built is ancient Egypt. 10. The site ______ the concert will be held is announced. 11. The way _______________ she handled the crisis impressed everyone. 12. The season ______ leaves fall is autumn. 13. I need to know the date ______ the payment is due. 14. The reason ______ he lied is still unclear. where when where that/in which when when why 小试牛刀 15. The factory ______ his father works produces cars. 16. The manner ________ he spoke was rude. 17. The beach ______ we swam is now polluted. 18. I’ll never forget the moment ______ I graduated. 19. The city ________ they moved has a warm climate. 20. The age ______ children learn languages fastest is under 7. 21. She didn’t tell us the reason ______ she resigned. where in which where when to which when why 定语从句的分解 1. This is the hospital where I was born. 句子①： 句子②： 2. Summer is the season when flowers bloom. 句子①： 句子②： This is the hospital. I was born in this hospital. Summer is the season. Flowers bloom in this season. Practice 定语从句的分解 3. He explained the reason why the machine broke. 句子①： 句子②： 4. We reached a point where we had to stop. 句子①： 句子②： He explained the reason. The machine broke for this reason. We had to stop at this point. We reached a point. Practice 定语从句的分解 5. The era when dinosaurs existed fascinates scientists. 句子①： 句子②： 6. The city where the Olympics were held is famous. 句子①： 句子②： The era fascinates scientists. Dinosaurs existed in that era. The city is famous. The Olympics were held in this city. Practice 定语从句的分解 7. I remember the day when we first met. 句子①： 句子②： 8. The lab where the virus was studied is now closed. 句子①： 句子②： I remember the day. We first met on that day. The lab is now closed. The virus was studied in this lab. Practice 定语从句的合并 1. This is the library where I study. 句子①： 句子②： 2. 2008 was the difficult year when the financial crisis happened. 句子①： 句子②： This is the library. I study in this library. 2008 was a difficult year. The financial crisis happened in that year. 定语从句的合并 3. That’s the real reason why she refused the job. 句子①： 句子②： 4. Show me the way you solved the puzzle. 句子①： 句子②： That’s the real reason. She refused the job for this reason. Show me the way. You solved the puzzle in this way. 定语从句的合并 7. The lab where scientists conduct experiments is highly secure. 句子①： 句子②： 8. The reason why he disappeared remains unknown. 句子①： 句子②： The lab is highly secure. Scientists conduct experiments in this lab. The reason remains unknown. He disappeared for this reason. THE END $$