Unit 5 Period 1 Starting out&Understanding ideas-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册作业与测评全书Word（外研版2019）

英语 选择性必修·第二册 作业与测评(外研) Unit 5　A delicate world Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 课时作业(一) 较易题(占比60%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比0%) 基础训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ 思维训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 难度 ★ ★ 难度 ★★ ★★ ★ [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．Cigarette smoking ________ (大大增加) the risk of cancer. 答案：multiplies 2．The police have launched an investigation into the ________ (事件)． 答案：incident 3．Many species are in peril of extinction because of our destruction of their natural ________ (栖息地)． 答案：habitat 4．The traditional way of thinking has changed ________ (显著地)． 答案：dramatically 5．They had received no news of him since his ________ (离开) from the island. 答案：departure Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．The people born in ________ 1980s really make up a critical mass in China. 答案：the 2．In spare moments he applied his mind to how rockets could be used ________ (make) money. 答案：to make 3．The forest was nearly ________ of control when suddenly it rained heavily and saved the day. 答案：out 4．The library needs ________ (clean), but it'll have to wait until Sunday. 答案：cleaning 5．There was a time ________ people were never bothered by pollution. 答案：when 6．The environment destroyed by human beings ________ consequence punished human beings in its own way. 答案：in 7．Our intention is ________ (provide) all the convenience for students' study. 答案：to provide 8．He thinks ________ important that we try to do some housework after school. 答案：it 9．He was born in Hong Kong where he ________ (subsequent) practised as a lawyer until his retirement. 答案：subsequently 10．Energy ________ (conserve) as a philosophy was born out of the 1973 oil crisis. 答案：conservation [思维训练] Ⅰ　完形填空 “Daily Star, sir，” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty __1__ left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was __2__. The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers __3__ money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a __4__ for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He __5__ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers. “You don't know the __6__ of selling papers. You must shout, ‘Hot news! Bomb bursting！’” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “But it's not in the paper at all，” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly before they have time to see, and you'll __7__ out and get your money，” Chad said. He thought of his bird with no __8__ and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was __9__ that he would not tell a lie. Though he was just a poor newsboy, he had been taught some good things. The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers __10__. Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a __11__ smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason had __12__ money because he would not tell a lie. The boys __13__ at Jason. “You wouldn't tell a lie yesterday, my boy？” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason on the shoulder __14__. “You're just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new __15__. He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well­paid job because he told the truth. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。和其他卖报郎不同，Jason(詹森)不愿通过谎称报纸上有热点新闻的方法来售卖更多报纸，而是一直坚守诚信，最终赢得了在邮局工作的一位绅士的认可，并获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。 1．A.copies B．shops C．coins D．people 答案：A 解析：根据设空前“... carrying some newspapers under his arm”可知，仍然还剩下20份(copy)报纸。故选A。 2．A.weak B．open C．pure D．heavy 答案：D 解析：根据设空前“but there were still twenty __1__ left”可知，还有报纸没卖出去，因此心情当然是沉重的(heavy)。故选D。 3．A.in exchange for B．instead of C．regardless of D．in return for 答案：B 解析：报纸没卖出去，因而拿回家的只能是剩下的报纸，而不是(instead of)挣的钱。in exchange for 交换；regardless of 尽管；in return for 回报。故选B。 4．A.card B．cup C．cake D．comb 答案：C 解析：根据下文“and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother”可知，他想给母亲买的是蛋糕(cake)。card 卡；cup 杯子；comb 梳子。故选C。 5．A.broke down B．gave in C．got away D.showed up 答案：A 解析：想到没能卖掉报纸，不能实现心中的愿望——为妈妈买蛋糕，为小鸟买食物，他一下子崩溃(break down)了。give in 屈服；get away 离开；show up 到场。故选A。 6．A.difficulty B．process C．secret D.goal 答案：C 解析：根据设空后“You must shout, ‘Hot news! Bomb bursting！’”可知，另一个报童Chad(查德)在向他传授卖报的秘诀(secret)。故选C。 7．A.drop B.call C．reach D.sell 答案：D 解析：根据设空后“out and get your money”可知，设空处指“卖光”报纸。sell out “卖光，售完”。故选D。 8．A.bread B．insects C．water D.seeds 答案：D 解析：根据第一段中的“some seeds for his bird”可知，此处为同词复现。bread 面包；insect 昆虫；water 水。故选D。 9．A.concerned B．determined C．excited D.amazed 答案：B 解析：根据设空后“Though he was just a poor newsboy, he had been taught some good things.”可知，他人穷志不穷，所以他下定决心(determined)不撒谎。concerned 担心的；excited 激动的；amazed 惊奇的。故选B。 10．A.by chance B．as usual C．at once D．at last 答案：B 解析：句意：第二天下午，詹森像往常一样(as usual)去办公室领取的报纸。by chance 偶然；at once 立刻；at last 最后。故选B。 11．A.warm B．gentle C．proud D.polite 答案：C 解析：那个小男孩Chad卖了很多报纸，脸上应带着骄傲的(proud)笑容。warm 温暖的；gentle 温柔的；polite 礼貌的。故选C。 12．A.made B．saved C．borrowed D．lost 答案：D 解析：Jason因为拒绝说谎未能售出全部报纸，因此亏(lose)钱。故选D。 13．A.shouted B．laughed C．nodded D．started 答案：B 解析：根据下文“You wouldn't tell a lie yesterday, my boy？”可知，那些小男孩们在嘲笑Jason。laugh at sb意为“嘲笑某人”。shout 喊叫；nod 点头；start 开始。故选B。 14．A.gently B．gratefully C．bravely D.sadly 答案：A 解析：根据下文“You're just the boy I am looking for.”可知，那位先生对他是欣赏的，因此他轻轻地(gently)拍了拍Jason的肩膀。gratefully 感激地；bravely 勇敢地；sadly 伤心地。故选A。 15．A.business B．duty C．method D．job 答案：D 解析：根据下文“but got a well­paid job because he told the truth”可知，Jason得到了一份报酬很好的新工作(job)。故选D。 Ⅱ　阅读 The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there's a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea. Dr Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic (合成的) clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can't collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea. In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic clothing can produce more than 1，900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers. This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants. Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental “solution”. Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well­known clothing companies to support Benign by Design—his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn't get a satisfying answer. Only one women's clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在处理塑料污染时，将回收塑料制成衣物表面上是环保方案，但研究表明，合成衣服的清洗会产生大量纤维，其中微纤维对海洋环境的危害最为严重。 1．What has happened during the past five years? A．Fabric has become much stronger. B．Plastic pollution has been less serious. C．Many plastic bottles have been reused. D．Microfibers have been greatly improved. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“During the last five years ... plastic pollution.”可知，塑料瓶被回收制成衣物纤维，即这五年会有很多塑料瓶被再次利用。故选C。 2．What does Browne think of washing synthetic clothes? A．It is adding microfibers to the clothes. B．It is worsening environmental problems. C．It is making synthetic clothes last longer. D．It is doing great damage to washing machines. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.”和第四段中的“Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten.”可推知，清洗合成衣服导致大量微纤维进入海洋，加重海水污染问题。故选B。 3．What can be inferred about Browne's Benign by Design research project? A．It has achieved great success. B．It hasn't got anything done. C．It is known to very few people. D．It is facing some difficulties. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When he asked ... a satisfying answer.”可推知，Browne的研究项目因企业拒绝支持而受阻。故选D。 4．What's the best title for the text? A．It's important to learn to recycle B．It's never easy to solve pollution problems C．Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution? D．Are human beings moving forward or backward? 答案：C 解析：标题判断题。根据第一段中的“During the last five years ... plastic pollution.”和“Research now shows that ... in the sea.”可知，文章就这项技术究竟是对环境的保护还是对环境的再次污染进行说明。C项(再生塑料服装：是解决方案还是污染？)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 Ⅲ　语法填空 First aid is of importance in our life. There is no doubt __1__ it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and __2__ (accident) happen from time to time. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care __3__ a doctor can be found. But in the process of first aid, whether the __4__ (injure) will be properly treated depends on your knowledge of first aid. As __5__ famous journalist, Yansong leads a very simple life. But he not only has a good nose for news, but also has __6__ (admire) professional first aid skills, because he __7__ (think) if we know something about first aid, perhaps a life can __8__ (save)． Everybody should know some first aid in order __9__ save other people's lives. Let's take delight in __10__ (acquire) skills of first aid. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了急救在生活中的重要性。掌握急救知识对挽救生命至关重要，尤其在意外频发的现代社会。 1．答案：that 解析：考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，了解一些急救知识是必要的，因为危险无处不在，事故时有发生。结合句意可知，此处There is no doubt that ... 表示“毫无疑问……”，为固定句型。故填that。 2．答案：accidents 解析：考查名词。accident为可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指。故填accidents。 3．答案：before 解析：考查状语从句的连接词。句意：如果一个人发生了事故，他需要在找到医生之前获得医疗护理。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”应用before。故填before。 4．答案：injured 解析：考查词性转换。句意：但在急救过程中，伤者是否能得到妥善处理，则取决于你的急救知识。此处为“the＋形容词”表示一类人，表示伤者为the injured。故填injured。 5．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。journalist为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且famous的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 6．答案：admirable 解析：考查词性转换。句意：但他不仅对新闻有敏锐的嗅觉，而且还有令人钦佩的专业急救技能，因为他认为如果我们懂得一些急救知识，也许可以挽救一条生命。修饰后文名词短语first aid skills应用形容词admirable，作定语。故填admirable。 7．答案：thinks 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文has可知应用一般现在时，主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填thinks。 8．答案：be saved 解析：考查动词的语态和情态动词。此处life与save构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填be saved。 9．答案：to 解析：考查介词。in order to “为了(做某事)”，为固定搭配。故填to。 10．答案：acquiring 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：让我们都乐于学习一些急救技能吧。此处作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填acquiring。 【持续背记】 ①Before I could say a word, Jenny dashed out, leaving me dumb with deep regret. 我还没来得及说话，珍妮就冲了出去，留下我后悔不已。 ②Make full use of your passion and kindness to bridge the gap between you and others. 充分利用你的热情和善良架起你和他人沟通的桥梁。 ③A severe storm destroyed a natural barrier between the house and the lake. 一场猛烈的暴风雨摧毁了房屋和湖泊之间的天然屏障。 【持续积累】 dumb/dʌm/adj. 哑的，不能说话的 severe/sI'vIə(r)/adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的 barrier/'bæriə(r)/n. 障碍，壁垒 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$