Unit 2 Period 4 Developing ideas-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册作业与测评全书Word（外研版2019）

英语 选择性必修·第二册 作业与测评(外研) 　Period 4　Developing ideas 课时作业(四) 较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%) 基础训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 思维训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ 难度 ★ ★ ★ A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★ [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．Each ________ (一件商品) in the store has a bar code or a product number. 答案：item 2．He had a ________ (设想) of a world in which there would be no wars. 答案：vision 3．It was his ________ (终身的) regret that he had not gone to university. 答案：lifelong 4．Varieties of these crops have been collected from all around the ________ (地区). 答案：district 5．If you were on a magazine cover, what would the magazine be and what would the ________ (标题) say? 答案：headline Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．________ was during the Second World War that he reached the most glorious moment in his life. 答案：It 2．________ or not we're successful, we can be sure that we did our best. 答案：Whether 3．I maxed ________ all my credit cards so I can't pay for my training. 答案：out 4．Your role as editor is important, for you can look at a piece of writing ________ (objective)． 答案：objectively 5．________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 答案：However Ⅲ　单句表达 1．与他哥哥不同的是，他对待别人总是很体贴。 ________________ his brother, he was always considerate in his treatment of others. 答案：In contrast to 2．这里有三个会议室，每个会议室都配有屏幕、挂图和视听设备。 There are three conference rooms, each of which ________________ a screen, flipchart and audio visual equipment. 答案：is equipped with 3．我们必须充分利用可用的空间。 We must ____________________ the available space. 答案：make full use of 4．我们都在通过减少债务来调整我们的个人财务状况。 We are all setting our ____________ right by carrying less debt. 答案：personal finances 5．经理对他们所面临的危机一字不提。 The manager said nothing about the crisis they ________________． 答案：were faced with [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 A Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it. Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you'd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges (认可) it, psychologists have found it's called a “social__reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it's already done. And then, because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right? In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a Professor of Psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment (承诺) to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了将目标告诉别人之后得到的满足感会让你不太可能完成目标，而将目标保密会让你更努力地完成目标。 1．What does the underlined phrase “social reality” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Completion of the goal. B．Necessary hard work. C．People's acknowledgement. D．A sense of satisfaction. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语后一句“The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it's already done.”可知，social reality是指大脑被欺骗感觉目标已经完成了，也就是说social reality表示“目标的完成”。故选A。 2．What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us? A．Writing down the goal is very helpful. B．Achieving personal goal needs more time. C．Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder. D．Making the goal public makes people less satisfied. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Now those who kept their mouths shut ... achieving their goal.”可知，Peter Gollwitzer(彼得·高尔威泽)通过做实验发现没有宣布自己的目标的人坚持完成目标的时间更长，由此可推知，他想告诉人们将目标保密会让人们更加努力。故选C。 3．How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people's goal? A．By giving figures. B．By giving examples. C．By making a survey. D．By making comparison tests. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Peter Gollwitzer做了一个实验，163个实验对象都写下了他们的个人目标，然后他们中的一半宣布了他们对这个目标的承诺，而另一半没有，然后比较了两种实验对象的结果。由此可推知，这是一个对照实验。故选D。 4．What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal? A．You will be more confident. B．You will not gain satisfaction. C．You are less likely to realize it. D．You'll be much more motivated. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段最后一句“Well, bad news ... less likely to do it.”可知，将目标告诉别人之后得到的满足感会让你不太可能完成目标，由此可推知，如果你将自己的目标告诉朋友，你不太可能实现这个目标。故选C。 B Life is hard—even harder than anyone thought it would be. When you were younger, you dreamed of the world being your playground, and you were told that you could do anything and be anyone you wanted. Somehow, though, things haven't been the smooth sailing that you wanted them to be. The world seems to go against you, and the last thing you want to hear is “Cheer up！” Still, there's a couple of things you might not notice about your situation. Next time you're down, maybe the following will provide motivation. Firstly, not everything is bad. It's a well­accepted fact that bad news makes for sensational (极好的) television ratings. The fact is that something negative catches a lot more attention than something positive, and that's because it's easy to see things in a negative light. However, that shouldn't distract you from the bigger picture. Resist the tunnel vision that results from constant negativity. Remember that even though there's lots of really nasty__stuff going on, you're surrounded by some pretty awesome stuff as well. You should also remember other people aren't you. No one likes being compared to another person. What makes it even worse, if that's even possible, is when you do it to yourself. Stop comparing yourself to another person and you'll realize that you're much more awesome than you give yourself credit for. Lastly, failure isn't where the game stops. So you tried something new, but you didn't follow through. Frustrated at yourself, you stop trying. As a result, your quality of life goes down terribly. You've given up on it, though, because you don't see the point (since you failed the first time)． Now, you're an adult. The things you are trying are much more complicated than five­year­old you. However, your behaviour shouldn't change in the slightest—when you fail in something, that's just more information in your data bank. You know that method doesn't work, so try another one! And another one after that! Do this until you figure it out. Giving up is for losers, and you sure aren't one of those. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者认为我们面对不好的事情时不应该沮丧或放弃，而是应该把这当作学习的机会。 5．The author mentioned bad news in order to show that ________． A．bad news makes people see things in a negative light B．bad news is more likely to catch people's eyes C．bad news attracts people to see positive things D．bad news has a negative effect on television ratings 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It's a well－accepted ... than something positive”可知，坏消息会带来极好的电视收视率，因为可以吸引人们的注意，由此可知，作者提到坏消息是为了说明坏消息更有可能吸引人们的注意。故选B。 6．What does the underlined part “nasty stuff” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Unstable emotions. B．Important events. C．Amazing incidents. D．Something unpleasant. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“you're surrounded by some pretty awesome stuff as well”和画线部分前的“even though”可知，此处指“即使有很多让人不愉快的事情”，nasty stuff意为“让人不愉快的事情”。故选D。 7．How should we view failure according to the passage? A．We will change our behaviour. B．We will keep trying the old method. C．We should learn from failure. D．We should think in a more complicated way. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, your behaviour shouldn't change ... figure it out.(然而，你的行为不应该有丝毫改变——当你在某件事上失败时，那只是你数据库中的更多信息。你知道这种方法行不通，所以尝试另一种！之后还有另一种！这样做直到你弄清楚为止。)”可推知，我们应该从失败中学习。故选C。 8．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To inspire us to learn from negative experiences. B．To compare negative and positive experiences. C．To criticize those who are affected by bad experiences. D．To discuss how negative experiences affect others. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要论述了面对不好的事情时应把这当作学习的机会，由此可推知，本文主要是为了激励我们从消极的经历中学习。故选A。 Ⅱ　七选五 How to Discover Your Talent Talent tends to refer to that inborn skill that everyone seems to be born with. __1__ It's good to try and identify and practice that skill. Revisit your childhood. A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. __2__ This is often the time when you had plans that weren't limited by what people tend to think of as “reality”． Consider what it is you do when you lose track of time. One of the chief things you can do is focus on what you love to do so much that you have a tendency to forget everything else for a while. __3__ You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied. __4__ Sometimes, when you're having difficulty seeing clearly, it's good to get an outside opinion. Your friends and family members know you well and they should be able to offer you some insights into the areas they think you're talented in. Try new things. Especially if you're not sure what your talents might be, you should get out and try new things. This way you're more likely to hit on what it is that you're really good at and that really makes you happy. __5__ In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people. A．Consider what you loved to do as a child. B．Ask others for better advice. C．You can use your talents in the service of kindness. D．Focus on the areas that you're less talented in. E．Not all talents are going to be super obvious. F．Observe and enjoy the talents of other people. G．It's true that having a talent can help you in life. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何发现自己的天赋的几点建议。 1．答案：G 解析：设空后“It's good to try and identify and practice that skill.”提到尝试、识别和练习这种技能是很好的，G项(的确，拥有一种天赋会在生活中帮助你。)引出下文。故选G。 2．答案：A 解析：根据设空前“A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your childhood. (要想知道你在哪方面有天赋，一个好办法就是回到你的童年时代。)”可知，A项(想想你小时候喜欢做什么。)承接上文。故选A。 3．答案：E 解析：根据设空后“You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel satisfied.(你可能需要深入研究你喜欢的事情才能发现什么让你感到满足。)”可知，有时候天赋不是那么容易被发现的。E项(并不是所有的天赋都是格外显而易见的。)符合语境。故选E。 4．答案：B 解析：根据设空后“Sometimes, when you're having difficulty seeing clearly, it's good to get an outside opinion.(有时，当你看不清楚的时候，最好听取外界的意见。)”可知，本段讲述的是要寻求他人的建议。B项(向别人征求更好的建议。)引出下文。故选B。 5．答案：F 解析：根据设空后“In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people.(追求自己的天赋时，你应该观察别人的天赋。)”可知，此处讲述的是有关别人的天赋。F项(观察并欣赏他人的天赋。)符合语境。故选F。 【持续背记】 ①Household chores might seem a drag, but researchers have suggested tasks like dusting, and washing the windows might help adults to stay healthy into old age. 家务活也许看似累赘，但是研究人员指出，打扫灰尘、擦窗户等家务活可能有助于人们步入老年后仍保持身体健康。 ②I strongly advocate that we should make great efforts to contribute to the youth football progress. 我强烈主张我们应当尽最大努力促进青少年的足球发展。 ③Celebrating the festival is aimed at increasing people's awareness of Chinese culture and traditions. 庆祝该节日的目的在于增强人们对中国文化和传统的认识。 【持续积累】 chore/tʃɔː(r)/n. 日常事务；例行工作 advocate/'ædvəkeIt/v. 拥护，提倡 be aimed at 旨在；以……为目的；针对 awareness/ə'weənəs/n. 意识；认识 课时作业(五) 较易题(占比60%)　中档题(占比20%)　拔高题(占比20%) 基础训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 思维训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 难度 ★ ★ ★★ 难度 ★ ★ ★★★ [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．They had the foresight to ________ (投资) in new technology. 答案：invest 2．Relative poverty, however, did not prevent Martin from ________ (使有知识和技能) himself with an excellent education. 答案：equipping 3．He voted for the change and he expected his colleagues to do ________ (同样地)． 答案：likewise 4．I found a ________ (钉子) sticking in the tyre. 答案：nail 5．Please help me buy a tube of ________ (牙膏) on your way back. 答案：toothpaste Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．She refused to answer questions about her personal ________ (finance)． 答案：finances 2．Overseas ________ (invest) has had a positive effect on exports. 答案：investment 3．Protective measures are of ________ (necessary) if the city's monuments are to be preserved. 答案：necessity 4．This way we have no access ________ your personal information. 答案：to 5．The scandal was in the ________ (headline) for several days. 答案：headlines Ⅲ　用括号内所给词汇，写出一个语段 (equip, necessity, district, in contrast to, objectively) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 答案：In__contrast__to__the__past,__more__technological__breakthroughs__are__being_ _made__in__more__countries__and__districts.__This__is__partially__due__to__the__fact__that__people__are__now__equipped__with__much__more__knowledge,__enabling__them__to__look__at__things__more__objectively.__Therefore,__the__necessity__of__education__is__self­evident. [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 When I began planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was a little worried about the uncertainty of living in a place that was so different from India where we lived. She worried particularly about the lack of jobs, the cultural differences and the chance that I would face racism. Despite these worries, I came to New Zealand in July, 2009. I have found the place and people very nice and supportive. Soon after I arrived, I realized the importance of getting a job to supply my living expenses. Determined to do this on my own, I spent a whole day going from door to door asking for a job. However, I received little or no response. This became my routine every day after college for a few weeks. One afternoon, I walked into a building to ask if there were any job opportunities. People there were very surprised, and advised me not to continue my job search in that manner. As I was about to leave, a clerk in the building, who had been listening to what the others had said, approached me and asked if I would wait outside. Fifteen minutes later, he returned. He asked me what my plans were and encouraged me to stay confident. He then offered to take me to the Royal Oak area to search for a job. I was a little surprised, but had a good feeling about him, so I went along. Along the way, I realized that I had run out of copies of my resume (简历). The man stopped at his business partner's office to make me 15 extra copies. He also gave me tips on dressing and speaking, and added that I should give him a call if I ever needed anything. I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very satisfied. The following day, I received a call from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job. It seems that the world always gives back to you when you need it. And this time, it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在母亲的担心下来到新西兰留学，在好心人帮助下顺利找到一份工作的经历。 1．What wasn't the author's mother worried about? A．People might look down on the author. B．The author couldn't speak the local language. C．The author wasn't familiar with local customs. D．It might be difficult for the author to find a job. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者的母亲在其去新西兰留学之前非常担心他找不到工作、不适应当地文化以及可能会受到种族歧视，文中并没有提到作者不会说当地语言，故选B。 2．After staying in New Zealand for a short time, the author ________. A．decided to go back to his own country B．felt the local people were not very friendly C．had to find a job to cover his living expenses D．wanted to get a job that needed practical skills 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，到新西兰后不久，作者就意识到要找份工作来补贴生活费的重要性，故选C。 3．When the author went into a building to look for a job, ________. A．a clerk gave him encouragement and advice B．he was confident that he would find a good one C．he found many college students like him already there D．a clerk recommended him to the company he worked for 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者去一栋写字楼里找工作时，一个好心的职员给了他一些鼓励和建议，故选A。 4．What is the story mainly about? A．How a stranger offered the author a job. B．How a stranger turned out to be a real blessing. C．How the author adapted himself to a new situation. D．How the author was helped to get a job by a stranger. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文并根据最后一段可知，本文主要讲述的是作者在新西兰留学期间如何在好心人的帮助下找到第一份工作的故事，故选D。 Ⅱ　七选五 Reasons Why Change Is Good for You We all know that change is hard because your brain is used to doing the same thing again and again. __1__ But the positive consequence is really great. Here are four reasons why change is good for you： ◆ __2__ Life in the comfort zone is easy. You simply follow a routine and you can predict the results. Outside of the comfort zone, your assumptions are questioned. The idea of doing the same thing over and over without question is discouraged. ◆ You get to experience more. __3__ When you look back on your life, all of the really amazing things are because of a new experience you had. All of those vacations you took and all of the people you have met have taught you more than you ever learned in school. These experiences now make up who you are today. ◆ You'll be more flexible and adaptable. Without doubt change makes you more flexible and adaptable. You learn to deal with things in a way that seems foreign but acceptable and achievable. __4__ You begin to thrive (茁壮成长) in new situations because you have proven to yourself that you can, not only handle change, but flourish. ◆ You have more fun. When you are open to change, you are open to saying YES to more. You are open to more experiences and opportunities. __5__ When you add all of these things together, you are going to have a more colorful life and you'll have a ton of fun figuring it all out along the way—there's no doubt about it. A．You are pushed out of your comfort zone. B．Experience is waiting for you at the doorstep. C．You have the opportunity to meet more people too. D．Whether the change is good or bad for you, it does happen. E．We also know how challenging it can be to go through change. F．Then, you'll be more confident when in the next uncomfortable situation. G．Change is good because you have the chance to involve in new experiences. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们要接受改变的原因。 1．答案：E 解析：根据上文“We all know ... again and again.(我们都知道改变很难，因为你的大脑习惯重复做一样的事情。)”可知，E项(我们也知道经历改变是具有挑战性的。)承接上文，且E项中的“We also know”与上文“We all know”相呼应。故选E。 2．答案：A 解析：根据下文“Life in the comfort zone is easy ... your assumptions are questioned.(在舒适区生活很容易。你只需要循规蹈矩就可以预测结果。在舒适区之外，你的假设会受到质疑。)”可知，A项(你被迫离开舒适区。)可以作为本段小标题，A项中的comfort zone是关键词。故选A。 3．答案：G 解析：下文“When you look back ... a new experience you had.(当你回顾你的生活时，所有真正令人惊奇的事情都是因为你有了新的经历。)”与G项(改变很好，因为你有机会参与新的经历。)衔接自然，G项中的new experiences是关键词。故选G。 4．答案：F 解析：上文“You learn to deal with things ... acceptable and achievable.(你学会了以一种看似陌生但可以接受和实现的方式来处理事情。)”与F项(然后，当下一个不舒适的情况出现时，你会更加自信。)衔接自然，因为学会了一种解决问题的方法，所以以后在面对下一个不舒适的情况时会更加自信。故选F。 5．答案：C 解析：上文“When you are open to change ... more experiences and opportunities.(当你愿意改变时，你也愿意对更多的事情说‘是’。你愿意接受更多的经历和机会。)”与C项(你也有机会遇到更多的人。)都是愿意改变的好处，上下文是并列关系，C项中的more是关键词。故选C。 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic­size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn't feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy. I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I'd not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives. Now, it was another Monday morning—the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive—the jackknife. And she added, “This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practice diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again.” My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practiced before. Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it's just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving. Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping. The teacher announced that it was my turn. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为害羞而逃避跳水练习。这天老师宣布要进行考试，并且根据最难的跳水动作进行期末评分。当轮到作者时，作者的心怦怦直跳，走向跳板尽头。作者是如何做的？作者知道自己失败后很尴尬，之后又会发生什么？ [精彩范文] With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end. Looking down, I found all my classmates were looking up at me. My face suddenly felt hot. Finally, I ignored them. Picturing the four steps of diving, I jumped. Then I folded my body but failed to reach for my toes. And instead of entering the water like an arrow, I fell into the water, with my body being flat. As a result, it caused a huge sound, which made all the classmates burst out laughing. Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. After class, Ms Robbins comforted and encouraged me. In the following many Monday mornings, I practiced again and again under her guidance. Gradually, I became more confident and less shy. Finally, I attended the diving test again and performed well. This time, my classmates cheered and clapped. I was so glad. I knew my success resulted from my beating my shyness and my hard practice. 【持续背记】 ①It is strongly recommended that the school should give students more free time to take part in sports activities. 强烈建议学校应该给学生们更多的自由时间参加体育活动。 ②A tear plopped down onto the page she was reading. 一滴眼泪啪哒一声落在她正在读的书页上。 ③The tradition of eating mooncakes on the Mid­Autumn Festival has a long history in China, yet there are different versions of statements about its origin. 中秋节吃月饼的传统在中国有着悠久的历史，但关于它的起源有着不同的说法。 【持续积累】 recommend/ˌrekə'mend/v. 建议，劝告 plop/plɒp/v. 啪嗒落下 version/'vɜːʃn/n. (从不同角度的)说法 origin/'ɒrIdʒIn/n. 起源，起因 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$