Unit 1 Period 4 Developing ideas-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册作业与测评全书Word（外研版2019）

英语 选择性必修·第二册 作业与测评(外研) 　Period 4　Developing ideas 课时作业(四) 较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%) 基础训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 思维训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ 难度 ★ ★ ★ A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★ [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．Be certain to eat slowly and ________ (咀嚼) your food extremely well. 答案：chew 2．Any given culture is a reflection of the ________ (政治) and economics of a given society. 答案：politics 3．There is a lot of ________ (证据) that stress is partly responsible for disease. 答案：evidence 4．He commented that this novel was a ________ (杰作) of American literature. 答案：masterpiece 5．They learn well but seem to need time to ________ (消化) information. 答案：digest Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．He changed his mind again, ________ made us all angry. 答案：which 2．You should avoid asking questions which are concerned ________ personal problems. 答案：with 3．It rained yesterday and ________ a consequence, the match was canceled. 答案：as 4．Numerous doctors and nurses devoted themselves ________ their work and brought hope to infected patients. 答案：to 5．In ________ (conclude), we should like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result. 答案：conclusion Ⅲ　单句表达 1．尽管困难重重，他仍然成功地完成了任务。 In spite of difficulties, he __________________ his task. 答案：succeeded in finishing 2．她摆脱了一切烦恼，潜心研究科学。 She quit herself of all worries and __________________ the study of science. 答案：devoted herself to 3．昨天我很早就起床，决定去剪头发。 I got up very early yesterday and decided to __________________． 答案：have my hair cut 4．让我们把分歧放在一边，努力达成一个妥协方案。 Let's ________________________________ and try to reach a compromise. 答案：lay aside our differences 5．一眼就能看出她是一个富有同情心的人。 One could tell ____________ that she was a compassionate person. 答案：at a glance [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 A When I grow up In kindergarten, my class was asked to draw pictures, showing what we wanted to be when we grew up. Our drawings were expected to display our dream occupations. I remember pictures of ballerinas dancing, firefighters putting out a blaze, and astronauts leaping across the moon. My picture showed a figure with brown hair holding a box of orange juice beside a counter. Underneath was my handwriting: “When I grow up, I want to work at Market Basket because it would be fun to swipe (刷) orange juice across the scanner.” Out of everything, my five­year­old self wished to work at the local grocery store. When we are young, questions of what we want to be when we grow up are common. Yet we are not expected to respond with an answer that is likely to come true. However, when we become teens, we are asked the very same questions twice as often. The difference is, now we are supposed to answer with confidence. Teens are expected to know exactly what we want to be and how we are going to achieve that goal. However, not all of us can be so sure. Even though I am in high school, I cannot answer with certainty. But I don't consider that a bad thing. How am I supposed to know what I will want to spend my time doing at age 40? When I think about the future, I definitely don't see myself working at Market Basket, but in reality, if that was what would make me happy, I would do it. So, the next time someone asks me what I want to be when I grow up, I will simply say “happy”． Happiness is a destination for everyone. We may want to walk different paths in life, but we all want to be happy wherever we end up. Choose your path, but don't worry too much about choosing wisely. Make a mistake or two and try new things. But always remember, if you're not happy, you're not at the end of your journey yet. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在儿时想做一名收银员，但未来作者并不希望自己真的在Market Basket工作，而是想要简单的快乐。 1．What did the author want to be when he was in kindergarten? A．An astronaut. B．A firefighter. C．A dancer. D．A cashier. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I grow up ... across the scanner.”可知，作者想长大后在Market Basket工作，因为在扫描仪上刷橙汁会很有趣。由此可知，作者上幼儿园时想成为一名收银员。故选D。 2．We can learn from the passage that ________． A．kindergartners are able to display their dream jobs with confidence B．kindergartners have limited imagination of their dream occupations C．teenagers are supposed to be clear about what they want to be D．teenagers stick to the path they chose when they were young 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, when we become teens ... to answer with confidence.”可知，青少年应该充满自信地回答自己想要的目标，由此可推知，青少年应该清楚自己想成为什么样的人。故选C。 3．The author would probably agree that ________． A．the principle of growth lies in human choice B．happiness is the meaning of existence C．it is never too late to correct mistakes D．your future depends on your dreams 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Happiness is a destination ... wherever we end up.(幸福是每个人的归宿。我们可能想在生活中走不同的路，但无论终点在哪里，我们都想快乐。)”可推知，作者会赞同B项(幸福是存在的意义)。故选B。 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Different stages of life. B．Career guidance. C．The real goal of life. D．Career paths. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在儿时想做一名收银员，但未来作者并不希望自己真的在Market Basket工作，而是想要简单的快乐，由此可知，本文主要讲的是“生活中真正的目标”。故选C。 B When I was young, I had an old neighbor named Dr Gibbs. He didn't look like any doctor I'd ever known. He never shouted at us for playing in his yard. I remembered him as a neighbor who was nicer than anyone else in the neighborhood. When Dr Gibbs was happy, he was planting trees. And his life's goal was to make it a forest. Dr Gibbs had some interesting theories about planting. He talked about trees that weren't watered would grow deep roots in search of water. So he never watered his trees. He planted an oak (橡树) and, instead of watering it every morning, he beat it with the rolled­up newspaper. I asked him why he did that, and he said it was to get the tree's attention. Dr Gibbs died a couple of years. Every now and then, I walk by his house and look at the trees that he planted twenty­five years ago. They're very strong now. I planted a couple of trees a few years later. I watered them regularly and took good care of them. Whenever a cold wind blows, they shake their leaves and branches. The funny thing about those trees of Dr Gibbs was that difficulty seemed to help them in ways comfort and ease never could. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述Dr Gibbs (吉布斯医生)种树的趣事，告诉读者困境可以帮助我们成长。 5．What was Dr Gibbs' life goal? A．To save more lives. B．To build a forest. C．To make a lot of money. D．To study plants. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“When Dr Gibbs was happy, he was planting trees. And his life's goal was to make it a forest.”可知，当Dr Gibbs高兴的时候，他就种树。他的人生目标是造一片树林。故选B。 6．One of Dr Gibbs' theories about planting was that ________． A．he often talked to the trees B．he kicked the trees heavily C．he never watered the trees D．he buried the leaves around the roots 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dr Gibbs had ... watered his trees.”可知，他从不给树浇水，这是他的种树理论之一。故选C。 7．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Trees are not as weak as we think. B．Difficulty is necessary for growth. C．Planting trees is good for the environment. D．We should listen to others' advice. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The funny thing ... ease never could.”可知，困境可以帮助成长，而安逸和舒适却不行。因此，困境对成长很有必要。故选B。 Ⅱ　七选五 We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you're crazy. __1__ According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind. My first exposure to positive self­talk was reading The Little Engine That Could. Do you remember that book from your childhood? While trying to make it up a big hill, the little engine keeps saying to himself, “I think I can, I think I can.” And of course, he makes it. __2__ Positive self­talk is one of the most valuable tools you can use to keep yourself physically and mentally balanced. Many Olympic and professional athletes use it every time they practice or compete. __3__ My own personal favorite is “I'm okay”. Back when I was in the movie business, I used to work with the stunt (特技) team. I was told that one of their simple but effective secrets was to stay loose and talk to their body. I had the chance to try it out one day. My apartment was on the second floor of a duplex (复式公寓), and one rainy day I slipped on the top step and started falling over. Then I just kept telling myself, “I'm okay.” __4__ There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self­talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured. Positive self­talk can also help you calm down from anxiety and feel less sad. There was a period of time when I felt upset. Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, “Hi, Barton. You're going to have a good day today.” __5__ When I did it throughout the day, fewer things would bother me, and I became friendlier to myself. A．In fact, that's not always the case. B．Much to my surprise, I was just fine. C．It's a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember. D．Instead, there are several different types of self­talk. E．You know, I was programming my brain to feel good. F．When it comes to positive self­talk, the simpler, the better. G．That was an opportunity for me to try something challenging. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身经历说明了积极的自我对话的好处。 1．答案：A 解析：根据上文“We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you're crazy.”及下文“According to research ... healthy for your mind.”可知，以积极的方式进行自言自语是对自身有帮助的。A项(事实上，情况并非总是如此。)与上文构成转折关系并引出下文。故选A。 2．答案：C 解析：根据本段作者讲述的《勇敢的小火车头》这本书的内容可知，小火车头通过自我鼓励成功爬上了大山，这使作者颇受启发。C项(这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵一课。)总结了该段内容。故选C。 3．答案：F 解析：根据下文“My own personal favorite is ‘I'm okay’．”可知，作者认为人们在进行积极的自我对话时，表达越简单越好。F项(当谈到积极的自我对话时，越简单越好。)引出下文。故选F。 4．答案：B 解析：根据上文“Then I just ... ‘I'm okay.’”及下文“There were only a few scratches (擦伤) ... seriously injured.(我的腿上只有几处擦伤。直到今天，我仍然相信，正是这种简单而积极的自我对话帮助我避免了受重伤。)”可知，B项(令我非常惊讶的是，我并无大碍。)承上启下。故选B。 5．答案：E 解析：根据上文“Every morning ... a good day today.’”可知，作者每天早上都会进行积极的自我对话。E项(你知道，我一直在让自己的大脑感觉良好。)与上文是顺承关系。故选E。 【持续背记】 ①I always cheer up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. 我总是情绪高涨，即使遇到困难也不停止追逐目标。 ②Best friends are the foundation of my life. 良友们是我生活的支柱。 ③Faced with heavy learning burdens, many students often feel tired both physically and mentally. 面对繁重的学习负担，许多学生常感到身心疲惫。 【持续积累】 foundation/faʊn'deIʃn/n. 基础；地基 burden/'bʒːdn/n. 负担，重担 physically/'fIzIkli/adv. 身体上，肉体上 mentally/'mentəli/adv. 精神上，智力上 课时作业(五) 较易题(占比60%)　中档题(占比20%)　拔高题(占比20%) 基础训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 思维训练 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 难度 ★ ★ ★★ 难度 ★ ★ ★★★ [基础训练] Ⅰ　根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．Over the years I've come to the ________ (结论) that she's a very great musician. 答案：conclusion 2．His death was totally unexpected and, in ________ (后果), no plans had been made for his replacement. 答案：consequence 3．The experience created a very special ________ (关系) between us. 答案：bond 4．He was not ________ (沮丧的), and he continued with his researches. 答案：disheartened 5．Overall, it was a great trip and one of my most ________ (难忘的) experiences. 答案：memorable Ⅱ　单句语法填空 1．I'm going to have my assignment ________ (complete) before six o'clock this afternoon. 答案：completed 2．Nanjing, from ________ the famous writer comes, is a big city. 答案：which 3．________ did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 答案：Whoever 4．Miriam was too ________ (frighten) to tell her family what had happened. 答案：frightened 5．Today's lesson is going to be concerned ________ how to make requests. 答案：with Ⅲ　用括号内所给词汇，写出一个语段 (disheartened, intimately, lay aside, consequence, devote oneself to) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 答案：For__better__teamwork,__you__should__devote__yourself__to__the__project__your_ _team__is__working__on__and__lay__aside__your__personal__issues.__Besides,__you__should__cooperate__intimately__with__your__teammates.__Last__but__not__least,__do__not__be__disheartened__if__some__bad__events__or__consequences__occur. [思维训练] Ⅰ　阅读 He Zehui, a Chinese nuclear physicist, accomplished great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist. Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists, including her two sisters. She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics, and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin, where she was the top in her class, outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China's “father of the atomic bomb”. In 1940, she earned a Ph.D. in Engineering. The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission (铀核裂变)，which drew global attention and earned them worldwide reputations, also marking a milestone in the development of China's experimental fission physics. Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”． As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China, Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics. During the 1950s, she started the research and development of nuclear emulsions (核乳胶) in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that time. He and her research group took the lead in building China's first nuclear reactor and accelerator. She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development. Throughout her career, He conquered many obstacles, and was always on the front lines of China's science­related work. She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame. The world's top physicists recognized He as a famous scientist, “Chinese Madame Curie”． He passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97, nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang. She dedicated herself to science, living a simple life, always nurturing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued. She loved her country and science; to both she is now an icon. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“中国的居里夫人”何泽慧及其成就。 1．What is the focus of Paragraph 2 about He Zehui? A．Identity background. B．Character personalities. C．Education experiences. D．Profession competence. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“She graduated from ... at the Technical University of Berlin”以及“In 1940, she earned a Ph.D. in Engineering.”可知，本段主要介绍何泽慧的教育经历。故选C。 2．What do we know about Qian Sanqiang? A．He died following his wife in 1991. B．He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences. C．He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics. D．He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“and then went on to study ... China's ‘father of the atomic bomb’”和第三段介绍的夫妻俩的成就可知，其丈夫钱三强也是一位伟大的中国科学家。故选D。 3．Why is He Zehui acknowledged as “The Chinese Marie Curie”？ A．For her great contributions to nuclear physics. B．For her accomplishment in the atomic bomb. C．For her continuous achievement in natural science. D．For her research of nuclear emulsions. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The couple ... China's experimental fission physics.”和第四段第一句“As one of the pioneers ... to nuclear physics.”可推知，因何泽慧对中国的核物理作出了巨大贡献，西方媒体称其为“中国的居里夫人”。故选A。 4．How can we fittingly describe He Zehui? A．Ambitious, talented, conservative and determined. B．Unselfish, patriotic, indifferent to fame and devoted to science. C．Aggressive, imaginative, strong in mind and kind in heart. D．Knowledgeable, awesome, creative and sociable. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame.”和最后一段中的“She dedicated herself ... country and science”可推知，何泽慧淡泊名利、爱国、无私，献身于中国的科学事业，有极高的科研素养，对中国的核物理的研究和发展作出了极大的贡献。故选B。 Ⅱ　七选五 Chinese culture values family bonds very much. Family members don't just gather during the holidays. In fact they often live under one roof all year round. __1__ Families in the East and West are very different from each other. In most East Asian cultures, extended families are common. __2__ According to a survey, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “a grandparent is a treasure to their family”. In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families (小家庭). These are solely made up of children and their parents. Additionally, the duties parents have toward their children can also differ. __3__ It's normal for Chinese parents to pay for their children's college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also follow their parents' opinions when making major life decisions, more often than not. In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18. __4__ Also, if they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen by some as a failure on their part. While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy and independence. __5__ Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world. A．But in the end, home is best—east or west. B．Different cultures have different family values. C．Nuclear families are the most common type in China. D．Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time. E．These families have three or even four generations living together. F．In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood. G．Many young people going to college often need to take out loans and work part­time jobs in order to pay for tuition and rent. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中西方对待家庭关系的不同观念。 1．答案：B 解析：设空前介绍了中国文化非常重视家庭纽带，家庭成员不仅节假日常聚，而且还会经常生活在一起；设空后介绍了东西方家庭不同。设空处应说明东西方之间文化不同、家庭观念不同，B项(不同的文化有不同的家庭价值观。)符合文意。故选B。 2．答案：E 解析：根据设空前“extended families (大家庭)”及设空后“90 percent of children ... by their grandparents (在上海90%的孩子、在北京70%的孩子是由祖父母照料的)”可知，设空处应说明中国家庭好几代住在一起，E项(这些家庭有三代甚至四代人住在一起。)符合文意。故选E。 3．答案：F 解析：根据设空前“Additionally, the duties parents have toward their children can also differ. (此外，父母对子女的责任也可能不同。)”及设空后“It's normal for Chinese parents ... or buy them an apartment.(中国父母供孩子上大学，帮他们找工作，或者给他们买房子，这都是很正常的。)”可知，设空处应说明中国父母对孩子的责任，F项(在中国，许多父母照顾孩子直到成年。)符合文意。故选F。 4．答案：G 解析：根据设空前“In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn 18. (然而，在大多数西方国家，孩子们通常在18岁以后搬出家门。)”可知，设空处要说明西方孩子成年后要自己承担责任，G项(许多上大学的年轻人为了支付学费和房租，常常需要贷款和做兼职。)符合文意。故选G。 5．答案：A 解析：根据设空前“While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy and independence. (东方更在乎亲密的家庭关系，而西方则重视隐私和独立。)”及设空后“Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world. (家庭将永远是全世界人民爱、温暖和关爱的源泉。)”可知，设空处应说明虽然东西方在家庭观念上有差异，但都认为家是最好的。A项(但无论在东方还是西方，家都是最好的地方。)符合文意。故选A。 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was a single mother of four children, working at a low­paid job. Money was always valuable, but we had a roof over our heads, food on the table, and clothes on our backs. I always tell myself to be brave and strong, just for my four children. I hope all my efforts would be worthwhile, as long as my children can grow up healthily. It was Christmas time. We drove downtown to see the Christmas lights, and enjoyed a special dinner, but the big excitement for the kids was the fun of Christmas shopping at the mall. This was a tradition of my family, so they all looked forward to the coming of the season. They talked and planned for weeks ahead of time, asking each other what they wanted for Christmas. The big day arrived and we started out early. I gave each of the four kids a twenty­dollar bill and asked them to search for gifts. Then everyone scattered (分散开) with the bill. I sat at a table in a cafe waiting for my children and enjoying an instant of silence. It must be a happy day. Back in the car driving home, everyone was excited about Christmas, laughing and asking each other about what they had bought. I noted Ginger, my younger daughter had only one small and flat bag with her. I could see enough through the plastic bag to tell that she had bought candy bars—fifty­cent candy bars! What did she do with that twenty­dollar bill I had given her? I was so angry. After getting home, I called her into my bedroom and closed the door. I couldn't hold back my anger and shouted at her, “What about the rest of the money? No one would be convinced all these candies are worth 20 dollars. What do you want to do with the rest of the money？” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 My anger disappeared.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个单身母亲，带着四个孩子，每当圣诞节时，购物成了她们生活中最大的快乐。母亲给了孩子们每人20美元去买礼物，可是当她看到小女儿只买了50美分的棒棒糖，母亲非常生气，忍不住开始质问孩子剩下的钱去哪里了。小女儿用买礼物的钱做了什么？ 母亲又会有什么样的反应呢？ [精彩范文] She was shocked at my reaction and burst into tears. She told me that she was looking around, wondering what to buy. Suddenly, she saw an old lady in ragged clothes. It seemed that the old lady was homeless. It was Christmas. She thought the old lady needed a gift as well. So she took out her money to buy a pair of warm boots for her. Though she only left herself some candy bars, she felt that it was worthwhile. My anger disappeared. Never had I thought my daughter had her own idea to help others. I felt regretful that I shouted at her. How I wish I had listened to her explanation. I said, “Oh, dear, it is your own right to do with the money. Whatever you do, I should be supportive. Forgive me！” She said nothing but to smile at me. I had never felt so rich as I did that day. 【持续背记】 ①Chinese martial arts carry traditional culture in abundance. 中国武术承载着丰富的传统文化。 ②I'd like to convey in this letter my heartful thanks to you for your selfless help. 在这封信中我为您无私的帮助向您传达我诚挚的谢意。 ③Stars appeared in the sky, twinkling their eyes at them in happiness. 天空出现了闪闪的繁星，高兴地向他们眨着眼睛。 【持续积累】 martial art 武术 in abundance 丰富的；大量的；充足的 convey/kən'veI/v. 表达，传递 twinkle/'twIŋkl/v. 闪烁，闪耀 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$