Unit 1 Our World（单元测试卷）英语沪教版2020必修第一册

2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 1（参考答案） I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 CADBB 6- 10 ACCCD 11- 13 DBC 14- 16 BDC 17-20 BCDB II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A（语法填空） 21．Decorated 22．are concentrated 23．among which/of which    24．winding   25．sits   26．Should 27．where 28．as if/as though 29．to be handled 30．despite Section B（选词填空） 31．G 32．F 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．I 37．C 38．E 39．K 40．J III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．B Section B （阅读理解） 56．C 57．B 58．D 59．C 60．B 61．D 62．C 63．A 64．D 65．D 66．B Section C（六选四） 67．F 68．D 69．A 70．C IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) 71.Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness because our brain can be stimulated by music, especially complex music. That’s why classical music is most commonly used. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is increasingly regarded as an effective complement to treatment. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） 72.Frequent hand washing and maintaining social distance can suppress the spread of viruses. 73.Thanks to (reading) the inspiring stories, it dawned on me that having a passion for work and life can help us to live through difficulties. 74.This documentary aims to appeal to people to protect endangered species. 75.The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Dear class committee, As we all know, there is a class fee balance of 3,000 yuan remaining for this semester. At present, there are two ways to spend it: one is to add an air purifier to the classroom; the other is to subscribe to the Shanghai Students’ Post for each student. I am in favor of subscribing to the Shanghai Students’ Post. For one thing, the Shanghai Students’ Post is a good journal for our English studies. For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. We should set aside two classes every week for our students to read it, and find an opportunity to let the students report on what they have read. Yours, Wang Lei 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 1 Our World 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a gallery. B. At the barber’s. C. In a restaurant. D. At the tailor’s. 2. A. Fellow workers. B. Family members. C. Doctor and patient. D. Driver and passenger. 3. A. Choosing psychology. B. Choosing economics. C. Neither is a good choice. D. Choosing a major of interest. 4. A. She did not feel sorry for being late for the appointment. B. She did not inform the man of her delay in advance. C. She wasn’t really caught in the traffic jam. D. She wasn’t always late for the appointment. 5. A. It was lost and won’t be found. B. It was transferred to a different city. C. It was delivered to her hotel already. D. It was stolen during her trip. 6. A. He has realized he still leaves much to be desired. B. He is angry with not getting the lead role in the play. C. He is confident about getting the lead role next time. D. He feels reluctant to take the new responsibilities. 7. A. They told a lot of stories during the meeting. B. There is no need for them to argue so fiercely in public. C. Both perspectives should be considered before judging. D. They should have resolved their issues in private. 8. A. She has already been to the café . B. She is not interested in going to the café . C. She knows about the café but hasn’t visited it. D. She wants to go to the café right away. 9. A. She expects the man to help Brian move to a new house. B. She expects the man to take mum to Brain’s new house. C. She expects the man to celebrate mum’s birthday together. D. She expects the man to make a phone call to Mum. 10. A. The fantastic and high-quality camera. B. The need for better internet connectivity. C. Their favorite photography techniques. D. The pros and cons of a new smartphone. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation , you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Its regular driving practices and poor vehicles. B. Its lack of green spaces and air cleaners. C. Its excessive water pollution and rubbish. D. Its high air pollution and crowded roads. 12. A.Establishing a high interest loan scheme. B. Removing outdated black and white taxis. C. Encouraging customers to create new ideas. D. Making advertisements on old vehicles. 13. A. Because customers are more friendly and richer. B. Because all new cabs provide air-conditioning. C. Because all new cabs are equipped with meters. D. Because car manufacturers can earn extra money. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Canceling all the gifts. B. Applying a ‘one-gift ’ rule. C. Giving children less time to play. D. Encouraging buying second-hand gifts. 15. A. Buying a rare and expensive souvenir. B. Buying a hand-made craft product. C. Giving something that won’t cost money. D. Giving an experience of something new. 16. A. The waste caused by Christmas gifts. B. The importance of buying gifts for children. C. The creative ideas of giving gifts to avoid waste. D. The negative effects of receiving too many gifts. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. By trading physical items. B. By exchanging artistic creativity. C. By hosting art exhibitions. D. By making artistic advertisements. 18. A. Painting and writing. B. Graphic design and photography. C. Music and album cover design. D. Video editing and project management. 19. A. Members can benefit without efforts. B. Members can make money by providing artistic services. C. Members can get copyrights of other artistic offerings. D. Members can have access to the creative exchange list. 20. A. Competitive individualism. B. Artistic cooperation and inspiration. C. Individual fame in the art field. D. Material collaboration and exchange. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fascinating Culture of the Miao People The Miao ethnicity of China has a long history, rich culture, and an ancient folk religion. 21 (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes, they live in uniquely designed architecture. Throughout history, the Miao people were constantly migrating, always on the move. In more modern times, part of the Miao people gradually settled down in southeast Asian countries. Today, the Miao people in China 22 (concentrate) in eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities in southwest and south-central China, 23 Guizhou Province has the largest population. The Miao people have lived the lush vegetation of the mountains and river for generations. The Miaoling Mountains located in Guizhou Province are the watershed (分水岭) between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. Kaili City, the capital of Qiandongnan, is known as the Pearl of Miaoling Mountains. Just 10 kilometers from the city center, the 24 (wind) crystal-clear Bala River runs through the valley by the city. On the cliffs of the peaks on either side of the river 25 (sit) a cluster of Miao villages, scattered like pearls. The people who live in the ancient villages are sincere, kind, hospitable, and honest. 26 a tourist ever get lost, there were no need to worry. All that needs to do is just call out in a loud voice outside any courtyard, “Is anyone home? I’m lost.” A wooden window would open instantly and an elderly person would stick the head out, describing 27 the tourist should head in simple, basic Putonghua. The fantastically colored rice terraces (梯田) can be seen at the edge of the village path. The ripe rice is bent over 28 they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life. After the harvest is done, rice is neatly tied-up and arranged, waiting 29 (handle) better. Self-sufficiency in living off the land is a way of life that Miao families have handed down to their descendants for generations, and today the Miao people still maintain their traditional way of life and work 30 the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages. Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．average B．adapt C． consisting D．persistent E. exactly F. stuck G. failing H. extremely I. referred J. initial K. range From roughly the 16th to 19th centuries, much of the Earth was caught by a persistent freezing cold. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere (半球) experienced long stretches of temperatures so cold that people witnessed crops 31 and rivers freezing — like the Scheldt River. Thousands of people walking and playing across the frozen River Thames; Soldiers on horseback seeing ships 32 in the ice; Natives using snowshoes to outsmart the English army…These were some of the images that define the Little Ice Age — a period of several centuries last millennium in which parts of the Northern Hemisphere struggled with a(n) 33 cold. But what caused the Little Ice Age, how long did it last, how did people 34 to the freezing cold — and what lessons can we learn as we enter our own period of climatic change? The Little Ice Age was not a true ice age — 35 cooling was probably only in the order of 0.5 degrees Celsius, or 1 degree Fahrenheit — or was it consistently cold. Dagomar Degroot, associate professor of environmental history at Georgetown University has 36 to the era as a series of “little ice ages.” Although some researchers argue it may have begun earlier, NASA defines the Little Ice Age as beginning around 1550 and 37 of three cold peaks-around 1650,1770 and 1850. Scientists are still working out 38 what caused the Little Ice Age too. Theories 39 from decreased solar activity to increased volcanic eruptions, to the decline of populations in North America, which allowed forests to replace agricultural land, in the process removing about seven billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere. A 2022 study argued that the 40 trigger was actually a rise of extremely warm water flowing north from the tropics in the late 1300s,which pushed Arctic ice into the North Atlantic. Whatever the cause, the consequences of the Little Ice Age have a lasting effect on history, although to what extent is still controversial. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Deepfake Are Deeply Troubling A recent video on the internet has Coco Lee, who died last year, talking to her fans and saying, “From the moment I left this world, I can always feel your endless love and support.” The video looked 41 , but it was a “deepfake” created by AI. AI has 42 to the point where it has become difficult to distinguish what is real from what isn’t. These types of deepfakes are now all over the internet where we see people, usually celebrities and politicians, saying things which they didn’t really say. One “deepfake” has Taylor Swift 43 a brand of cookware. Some “creative” person used AI to manipulate (操控) her image and 44 to make it appear that she were speaking for the product. But there is a more 45 trend in deepfakes that has become more prevalent (普遍的). As with the Coco Lee deepfake, there are people using AI to “resurrect (复活)” their lost loved ones and 46 them. In one recent high-profile case you’re probably aware of, the famous musician Bao Xiaobo used AI to “resurrect” his daughter, who died at the age of twenty-two. With the technology, he is able to talk to her and ask her questions. Though he knew it was fake, he didn’t 47 because he missed her very much. The 48 consequences of not “letting go” of a loved one can be serious. It may cause a person to live in a fantasy world instead of accepting the healthy and necessary process of grieving and 49 with his or her life. 50 , there is a legal aspect to AI deepfakes which has yet to be thoroughly considered. Can a dead person’s image be manipulated to say things which they didn’t say and wouldn’t have said if they were 51 ? Can a person’s image be copyrighted to prevent this from happening? These are some of the questions that 52 will have to consider, and courts will have to decide. In 1931, the British author Aldous Huxley wrote a novel called Brave New World, which was about a future 53 by technology. In many ways we are living in this “Brave New World” and are 54 our “humanity” with all its faults, virtues and limitations. I’m sorry that Coco Lee is gone, and I’m sorry that Tino Bao’s daughter is gone, but grieving is a part of life, and grief, as they say, is the 55 for love. 41．A．interesting B．affectionate C．joyful D．authentic 42．A．sweated B．certified C．progressed D．reacted 43．A．crafting B．promoting C．sampling D．releasing 44．A．identity B．weight C．mind D．voice 45．A．disturbing B．outstanding C．struggling D．entertaining 46．A．look after B．bring up C．interact with D．benefit from 47．A．regret B．admit C．participate D．care 48．A．ethical B．psychological C．imaginary D．financial 49．A．putting up B．coming down C．moving on D．ending up 50．A．Relatively B．Consequently C．Likely D．Additionally 51．A．conscious B．alive C．present D．mindful 52．A．scientists B．creators C．applicants D．lawmakers 53．A．threatened B．innovated C．inhabited D．dominated 54．A．bombarding B．modifying C．losing D．replacing 55．A．signal B．price C．mission D．foundation Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the “invisible value of urban design” in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers. The study of around 430,000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents. The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic (社会人口统计学), lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods. The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic (慢性的) and particularly heart diseases, researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design. “With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases,” said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. “The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design. “We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases — if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses.” To measure a neighborhood’s activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail (零售) density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations. Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health. Because walkability was “based on the underlying design of the city”, said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. “Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and common.” 56．By considering “invisible value of urban design”, people can _______. A．reduce the ageing population B．slow down the pace of urbanization C．promote activity-friendly and walkable cities D．invest in preventing and curing heart diseases 57．What can be inferred from the passage? A．A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability. B．Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure. C．Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people’s neglect of their health. D．Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability. 58．All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT _______. A．failing health B．unhealthy lifestyle C．fewer social interactions D．fewer neighborhoods 59．According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, _______. A．cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactions B．the design of our neighborhoods should meet people’s needs for retail density C．money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expenses D．chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environment (B) For the past three decades, companies and consumers have benefited from cross — border connections that have helped to maintain a steady supply of electronics, clothes, toys and other goods so abundant that it has managed to keep prices low across the board. However, as the pandemic and the Russia — Ukraine conflict continue to weigh on trade and business ties, that period of plenty appears to be undergoing a partial reversal. Companies are rethinking where to source their products and are stockpiling inventory (库存), even at the potential cost of lowering their efficiency and increasing their operation expense. If the situation lasts for very long, could have important implications for inflation (通货膨胀) and the world economy. American economists are debating whether recent supply chain troubles and geopolitical conflicts will result in a shake-up of global production, in which factories that had previously been sent offshore or areas with fewer tax regulations, move back to the United States or into other more stable countries. If this happens, a decades-long decline in the prices of many goods could come to an end. We may even witness a slide backwards, meaning a potential boost in prices and overall inflation as a result. The period of global integration before the pandemic made many of the things Americans buy cheaper. Computers and other forms of technology made factories more efficient, and they rolled out sneakers, kitchen tables, and electronics at a pace unmatched in history. Companies slashed their production costs by moving factories offshore, where wages were lower. The adoption of steel shipping containers and ever larger cargo ships allowed products to be transported from Bangladesh and China to Seattle and Tupelo and everywhere in between at astonishingly low prices. Those changes, however, had consequences for American factory workers, who saw many jobs disappear. Katherine Tai, the U. S. trade representative, said that, while American consumers have enjoyed the “luxury” of low prices for imported goods for a long time now, the system upon which it was built has always been a very “fragile” one. Americans are not just consumers, but also workers who have to compete in a global marketplace for talent where globalization “has damaged opportunities and wages for average American workers”. “Some returning is occurring — let’s make no mistake about that.” Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala., the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, said in an interview. But the data shows that most businesses are reducing their risk by building up their inventories and finding additional suppliers in low-cost countries, such as Vietnam and Mexico. This process could end up helping more deeply integtate poorer countries in Africa and other parts of the world into the global value chains, said Dr. Okonjo-Iweala. The intertwined trajectory (轨迹) of globalization, low prices, and inflation on the whole will be closely watched by economists over the years to come. “It would certainly be a different world.” Jerome H. Powel, the chair of the Federal Reserve, said when asked about a possible move away from globalization. “It’s not obvious how dramatically conditions will change,” he said. “But it’s clear that it’s slowed down.” 60．Which of the following best fits the blank in Paragraph 2? A．the trend of global integration B．a shift away from fine-tuned globalization C．the benefit of cheap and plenty goods D．an upcoming economic crash 61．Which of the following statement is true about the shake-up of global production? A．A potential decline in prices of goods can be expected. B．American companies may locate their offshore factories in Africa. C．Efficient transportation makes bulk buying convenient for Americans. D．Inflation has a role to play in the shake-up of globalization. 62．What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A．Katherine Tai takes a neutral position concerning globalization. B．American factory workers face heightened competition from domestic rivals. C．American consumers generally benefited from global integration. D．Exported goods lead to the lower wages of average Americans. (C) When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee. 74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired. Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags. “My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.” “The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee. If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen($2.8). 63．Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word“blunder”in the second paragraph? A．mistake B．show C．mixture D．brand 64．Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee? A．A woman bearing a baby. B．A student having trouble with sleep. C．A cleaner working on a day shift. D．A young lady sick of garlic. 65．Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee? A．It is caffeine-free. B．Garlic powder dissolves in water. C．The burnt garlic creates bitterness. D．It is an improvement on a garlic dish. 66．Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai? A．venturous and greedy B．innovative and perseverant C．hardworking and cautious D．observant and helpful Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Money Matters Parents should help their children understand money. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example. 1.The basic function of money Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier. 67 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money. 2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 68 If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.” 3. 69 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product — a name-brand butter and a generic, for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 70 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. A．Wise decisions. B．The value of money. C．Permit the child to choose between them. D．Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things. E．Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. F．Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat. Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip-hop music might be fun to listen to, it’s unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽). Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medications that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, day cares, and schools. Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you. 71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.经常洗手和保持社交距离可以抑制病毒的传播。(spread) (汉译英) 73.多亏读了这些励志故事，我才逐渐明白对工作和生活充满热情能让我们渡过难关。（dawn）（汉译英） 74.这部纪录片旨在呼吁人们保护濒临灭绝的物种。(appeal)(汉译英) 75.新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。(broaden)(汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的王磊，你班本学期剩余一笔总额三千元的班费class fee结余，目前有两个方案：1．为教室添加一台空气净化器；2．为每位同学订阅一份英语周报Shanghai Students’ Post。请你给班委会class committee写一封信，谈谈你的看法，必须包括： 1．你赞同的方案； 2．你赞同该方案的理由； 3．你对于执行此方案的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$静安区2023学年度第一学期期末教学质量调研高3英语试卷听力部分现在开始one listening comprehension . section a directions。In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One, the stake here is great, but the vegetables are overcooked. Oh, that's a shame. Maybe you should tell . the waiter question, where are are the two speakers? Too, I hear the manager is sick. Do you think the meeting will be put off? I hope so. I haven't finished my report yet. Question. what is the probable relationship between the speakers? Three, do you think I should major in psychology or economics? Both have their merits, but consider what you are more passionate about. Question, what advice is the man giving? For I apologize for being late. I got stuck in traffic. It's alright, but IT would be helpful if you could let me know ahead of time if there is a delay. Next time question, what do we learn about the woman from the conversation? Five, i'm afraid your luggage got mixed up during the transfer, and it's currently in a different city. Oh, no, this is such a bother. Can you have a ship to my hotel as soon as possible? Question, what happened to the woman's luggage? Six, I heard you didn't get the lead role in the play. Aren't you disappointed? Well, I am, but I know I still have a lot to learn and improve as an actor. Question, what do we learn about the man from the conversation? Seven, did you hear how sam argued with his co worker during the meeting? Yes, but there might be more to the story. We should consider both sides before . judging question, what does the man imply about sam and his coal worker? Eight, mary, did you hear about the new cafe that opened on main street? Oh, you must be talking about the one with a cute outdoor balcony and live music. I haven't been there yet. Question, what does the woman mean? Nine, brian phoned me today. He was wondering whether I could help him move house on saturday. I'd rather you didn't. It's mom's birthday, and I thought we could take her out for the day. Question, what does the woman expect the man to do on saturday? Ten, this new smart phone has fantastic camera, perfect for capturing high quality photos. That sounds great, but I wish had more storage capacity to store all those photos. Question, what are the speakers discussing? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passenger conversation, you'll be asked several questions. The passages in conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and said which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard questions eleven, three, thirteen are based on the following passage. Caro was known for its congested roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That's doing part to the removal of many of the capitals old fashioned black and White taxes. Most of these dated back to the nineteen sixties and seventies and were in a poor state of repair. After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about nine hundred dollars for old ones to be disposed of, and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments. The idea has proved popular with customers. They can now travel in air condition comfort, and because the new camps are metered, they don't have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and White to a plane White color. Now listen again, please. Carol was known for its congested roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That's still in part to the removal of many of the capital's old fashioned black White taxes. Most of these stated back to the nineteen sixties and seventies, and were in a poor state of repair. After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about nine hundred dollars for old ones to be disposed of, and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments. The idea has proved popular with customers that can now travel in air condition comfort. And because the new caps are meted, they don't have to argue over fairs. Banks and calm manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and White to a plain White color. Questions eleven, which of the following were caro's environmental issues according to the passage? Twelve, what contributed to the improvement in caro's environmental conditions? Thirteen, why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers over fares? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. There is so much waste when IT comes to Christmas giving, so we need to think outside the box, use our imagination and be more creative with our generosity. This is particularly true for children who tend to receive mountains of toys, some of which end up not even being looked at. One idea is to implement a one gift rule so that children don't grow up spoiled. Getting too many gifts can also send out the wrong message. Speaking to BBC online clinical psychologist Linda glasses, when we are given a lot, we expect to receive a lot. Even if it's only at Christmas and on birthdays, IT will have impact on children's attitudes. He also suggests, if you want to give a gift, give your time. SHE makes a good point for children and adults, like when IT comes to giving, think about offering something other than a material object that may get forgotten, discarded or regifted. Buying in the experience is one alternative. IT is a chance for someone to try something out and do something different. IT will cost you money, but for the recipient, IT could be an opportunity to try something they could not Normally afford or would not have thought about doing. IT would therefore be memorable and hopefully much appreciated. Now listen again, please. There is so . much waste when IT comes to Christmas giving, so we need to think outside the box, use our imagination and be more creative with our generosity. This is particularly true for children who tend to receive mountains of toys, some of which end up not even being looked at. One idea is to implement a one gift rule so that children don't grow up spoiled. Getting too many gifts can also send out the wrong message. Speaking to BBC online, clinical psychologist Linda blair says, when we are given a lot, we expect to receive a lot. Even if it's only at Christmas and on birthdays, IT will have impact on children's attitudes. SHE also suggests if you want to give a gift, give your time. SHE makes a good point for children and adults alike. When IT comes to giving, think about offering something other than a material object that may get forgotten, discarded or regifted buying an experience is one alternative. IT is a chance for someone to try something out and do something different. IT will cost you money. But for the recipient, IT could be an opportunity to try something they could not Normally afford or would not have thought about doing. IT would therefore be memorable and hopefully much appreciated . questions, faulting what is one suggestion for reducing waste during Christmas gift giving. Fifteen, what is one alternative to material gifts? According to clinical psychologist lindblad. Sixteen, what is the passage mainly about? Question seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Hi there. I'm Sarah, and i'd like to welcome you to the creative minds alliance today. I'll explain how our system works. Instead of using money, we trade our creativity to help each other grow artistically. So what kind of creative skills do you offer? Well, i'm a musician. I love creating music and designing album covers. That's fantastic. Your creative schools will be a great addition to our alliance. When you join, you'll add your name to the creative exchange list and specify the artistic services you can provide. Everyone in the alliance will have access to this list. That sounds exciting, but how do I know what kind of creative services others are offering? Once you are a member, you receive a copy of the creative exchange list or access IT throughout website. You'll be amazed at the diverse range of artistic offerings from photography and painting to writing and video editing. Wow, IT seems like there are a lot of talents in the alliance. So how exactly does the creative exchange process work? It's quite straight forward. Let's say someone needs original music for a project they're working on. You'll reach out to you, and if you agree to help, you can form an alliance. I'm really interested in this idea. IT seems like a wonderful way to collaborate and inspire each other. That's the spirit of the creative mind's alliance. We thrive on artistic collaboration and the exchange of ideas. When you are ready to join, we will provide with the necessary forms to get started. I'm definitely on board. I can't wait to share my creativity and learn from others in the alliance. We are thrill to have you. Let's get you signed up so you can start sharing your artistic talents and inspiring others in our creative community. Here are the forms you'll need. Feel free to reach out if you have any questions. Together, we will create a world of artistic possibilities. Now listen again, please. Hi there. I'm Sarah, and i'd like to welcome you to the creative minds alliance today. I'll explain how our system works. Instead of using money, we trade our creativity to help each other grow artistically. So what kind of creative schools do you offer? Well, i'm a musician. I love creating music and designing album covers. That's fantastic. Your creative skills will be a great addition to our alliance. When you join, you'll add your name to the creative exchange list and specify the artistic services you can provide. Everyone in the alliance will have access to this list. That sounds exciting, but how do I know what kind of creative services others are offering? Once you are a member, you receive a copy of the creative exchange list or access IT throughout website. You'll be amazed at the diverse range of artistic offerings, from photography and painting to writing and video editing. Wow, IT seems like there are a lot of talents in the alliance. So how exactly does the creative exchange process work? It's quite straight forward. Let's say someone needs original music for a project they're working on. You'll reach out to you. And if you agree to help, you can form an alliance. I'm really interested in this idea. IT seems like a wonderful way to collaborate and inspire each other. That's the spirit of the creative mind's alliance. We thrive on artistic collaboration. In the exchange of ideas. When you are ready to join, we'll provide you with the necessary forms to get started. I'm definitely on board. I can't wait to share my creativity and learn from others in the alliance. We are thrill to have you. Let's get you signed up so you can start sharing your artistic talents and inspiring others in our creative community. Here are the forms you need. Feel free to reach out if you have any questions. Together, we will create a world of artistic possibilities. Questions seventeen, how does the creative minds alliance work? Eighteen, what kind of creative skills does the man offer to the alliance? Nineteen, what's the benefit of being a member of creative minds alliance? Twenty, what is the spirit of the creative minds alliance? This is the end of listening comprehension. 2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 1 Our World 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a gallery. B. At the barber’s. C. In a restaurant. D. At the tailor’s. 2. A. Fellow workers. B. Family members. C. Doctor and patient. D. Driver and passenger. 3. A. Choosing psychology. B. Choosing economics. C. Neither is a good choice. D. Choosing a major of interest. 4. A. She did not feel sorry for being late for the appointment. B. She did not inform the man of her delay in advance. C. She wasn’t really caught in the traffic jam. D. She wasn’t always late for the appointment. 5. A. It was lost and won’t be found. B. It was transferred to a different city. C. It was delivered to her hotel already. D. It was stolen during her trip. 6. A. He has realized he still leaves much to be desired. B. He is angry with not getting the lead role in the play. C. He is confident about getting the lead role next time. D. He feels reluctant to take the new responsibilities. 7. A. They told a lot of stories during the meeting. B. There is no need for them to argue so fiercely in public. C. Both perspectives should be considered before judging. D. They should have resolved their issues in private. 8. A. She has already been to the café . B. She is not interested in going to the café . C. She knows about the café but hasn’t visited it. D. She wants to go to the café right away. 9. A. She expects the man to help Brian move to a new house. B. She expects the man to take mum to Brain’s new house. C. She expects the man to celebrate mum’s birthday together. D. She expects the man to make a phone call to Mum. 10. A. The fantastic and high-quality camera. B. The need for better internet connectivity. C. Their favorite photography techniques. D. The pros and cons of a new smartphone. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation , you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Its regular driving practices and poor vehicles. B. Its lack of green spaces and air cleaners. C. Its excessive water pollution and rubbish. D. Its high air pollution and crowded roads. 12. A.Establishing a high interest loan scheme. B. Removing outdated black and white taxis. C. Encouraging customers to create new ideas. D. Making advertisements on old vehicles. 13. A. Because customers are more friendly and richer. B. Because all new cabs provide air-conditioning. C. Because all new cabs are equipped with meters. D. Because car manufacturers can earn extra money. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Canceling all the gifts. B. Applying a ‘one-gift ’ rule. C. Giving children less time to play. D. Encouraging buying second-hand gifts. 15. A. Buying a rare and expensive souvenir. B. Buying a hand-made craft product. C. Giving something that won’t cost money. D. Giving an experience of something new. 16. A. The waste caused by Christmas gifts. B. The importance of buying gifts for children. C. The creative ideas of giving gifts to avoid waste. D. The negative effects of receiving too many gifts. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. By trading physical items. B. By exchanging artistic creativity. C. By hosting art exhibitions. D. By making artistic advertisements. 18. A. Painting and writing. B. Graphic design and photography. C. Music and album cover design. D. Video editing and project management. 19. A. Members can benefit without efforts. B. Members can make money by providing artistic services. C. Members can get copyrights of other artistic offerings. D. Members can have access to the creative exchange list. 20. A. Competitive individualism. B. Artistic cooperation and inspiration. C. Individual fame in the art field. D. Material collaboration and exchange. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fascinating Culture of the Miao People The Miao ethnicity of China has a long history, rich culture, and an ancient folk religion. 21 (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes, they live in uniquely designed architecture. Throughout history, the Miao people were constantly migrating, always on the move. In more modern times, part of the Miao people gradually settled down in southeast Asian countries. Today, the Miao people in China 22 (concentrate) in eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities in southwest and south-central China, 23 Guizhou Province has the largest population. The Miao people have lived the lush vegetation of the mountains and river for generations. The Miaoling Mountains located in Guizhou Province are the watershed (分水岭) between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. Kaili City, the capital of Qiandongnan, is known as the Pearl of Miaoling Mountains. Just 10 kilometers from the city center, the 24 (wind) crystal-clear Bala River runs through the valley by the city. On the cliffs of the peaks on either side of the river 25 (sit) a cluster of Miao villages, scattered like pearls. The people who live in the ancient villages are sincere, kind, hospitable, and honest. 26 a tourist ever get lost, there were no need to worry. All that needs to do is just call out in a loud voice outside any courtyard, “Is anyone home? I’m lost.” A wooden window would open instantly and an elderly person would stick the head out, describing 27 the tourist should head in simple, basic Putonghua. The fantastically colored rice terraces (梯田) can be seen at the edge of the village path. The ripe rice is bent over 28 they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life. After the harvest is done, rice is neatly tied-up and arranged, waiting 29 (handle) better. Self-sufficiency in living off the land is a way of life that Miao families have handed down to their descendants for generations, and today the Miao people still maintain their traditional way of life and work 30 the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages. Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．average B．adapt C． consisting D．persistent E. exactly F. stuck G. failing H. extremely I. referred J. initial K. range From roughly the 16th to 19th centuries, much of the Earth was caught by a persistent freezing cold. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere (半球) experienced long stretches of temperatures so cold that people witnessed crops 31 and rivers freezing — like the Scheldt River. Thousands of people walking and playing across the frozen River Thames; Soldiers on horseback seeing ships 32 in the ice; Natives using snowshoes to outsmart the English army…These were some of the images that define the Little Ice Age — a period of several centuries last millennium in which parts of the Northern Hemisphere struggled with a(n) 33 cold. But what caused the Little Ice Age, how long did it last, how did people 34 to the freezing cold — and what lessons can we learn as we enter our own period of climatic change? The Little Ice Age was not a true ice age — 35 cooling was probably only in the order of 0.5 degrees Celsius, or 1 degree Fahrenheit — or was it consistently cold. Dagomar Degroot, associate professor of environmental history at Georgetown University has 36 to the era as a series of “little ice ages.” Although some researchers argue it may have begun earlier, NASA defines the Little Ice Age as beginning around 1550 and 37 of three cold peaks-around 1650,1770 and 1850. Scientists are still working out 38 what caused the Little Ice Age too. Theories 39 from decreased solar activity to increased volcanic eruptions, to the decline of populations in North America, which allowed forests to replace agricultural land, in the process removing about seven billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere. A 2022 study argued that the 40 trigger was actually a rise of extremely warm water flowing north from the tropics in the late 1300s,which pushed Arctic ice into the North Atlantic. Whatever the cause, the consequences of the Little Ice Age have a lasting effect on history, although to what extent is still controversial. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Deepfake Are Deeply Troubling A recent video on the internet has Coco Lee, who died last year, talking to her fans and saying, “From the moment I left this world, I can always feel your endless love and support.” The video looked 41 , but it was a “deepfake” created by AI. AI has 42 to the point where it has become difficult to distinguish what is real from what isn’t. These types of deepfakes are now all over the internet where we see people, usually celebrities and politicians, saying things which they didn’t really say. One “deepfake” has Taylor Swift 43 a brand of cookware. Some “creative” person used AI to manipulate (操控) her image and 44 to make it appear that she were speaking for the product. But there is a more 45 trend in deepfakes that has become more prevalent (普遍的). As with the Coco Lee deepfake, there are people using AI to “resurrect (复活)” their lost loved ones and 46 them. In one recent high-profile case you’re probably aware of, the famous musician Bao Xiaobo used AI to “resurrect” his daughter, who died at the age of twenty-two. With the technology, he is able to talk to her and ask her questions. Though he knew it was fake, he didn’t 47 because he missed her very much. The 48 consequences of not “letting go” of a loved one can be serious. It may cause a person to live in a fantasy world instead of accepting the healthy and necessary process of grieving and 49 with his or her life. 50 , there is a legal aspect to AI deepfakes which has yet to be thoroughly considered. Can a dead person’s image be manipulated to say things which they didn’t say and wouldn’t have said if they were 51 ? Can a person’s image be copyrighted to prevent this from happening? These are some of the questions that 52 will have to consider, and courts will have to decide. In 1931, the British author Aldous Huxley wrote a novel called Brave New World, which was about a future 53 by technology. In many ways we are living in this “Brave New World” and are 54 our “humanity” with all its faults, virtues and limitations. I’m sorry that Coco Lee is gone, and I’m sorry that Tino Bao’s daughter is gone, but grieving is a part of life, and grief, as they say, is the 55 for love. 41．A．interesting B．affectionate C．joyful D．authentic 42．A．sweated B．certified C．progressed D．reacted 43．A．crafting B．promoting C．sampling D．releasing 44．A．identity B．weight C．mind D．voice 45．A．disturbing B．outstanding C．struggling D．entertaining 46．A．look after B．bring up C．interact with D．benefit from 47．A．regret B．admit C．participate D．care 48．A．ethical B．psychological C．imaginary D．financial 49．A．putting up B．coming down C．moving on D．ending up 50．A．Relatively B．Consequently C．Likely D．Additionally 51．A．conscious B．alive C．present D．mindful 52．A．scientists B．creators C．applicants D．lawmakers 53．A．threatened B．innovated C．inhabited D．dominated 54．A．bombarding B．modifying C．losing D．replacing 55．A．signal B．price C．mission D．foundation Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the “invisible value of urban design” in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers. The study of around 430,000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents. The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic (社会人口统计学), lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods. The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic (慢性的) and particularly heart diseases, researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design. “With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases,” said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. “The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design. “We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases — if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses.” To measure a neighborhood’s activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail (零售) density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations. Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health. Because walkability was “based on the underlying design of the city”, said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. “Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and common.” 56．By considering “invisible value of urban design”, people can _______. A．reduce the ageing population B．slow down the pace of urbanization C．promote activity-friendly and walkable cities D．invest in preventing and curing heart diseases 57．What can be inferred from the passage? A．A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability. B．Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure. C．Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people’s neglect of their health. D．Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability. 58．All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT _______. A．failing health B．unhealthy lifestyle C．fewer social interactions D．fewer neighborhoods 59．According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, _______. A．cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactions B．the design of our neighborhoods should meet people’s needs for retail density C．money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expenses D．chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environment (B) For the past three decades, companies and consumers have benefited from cross — border connections that have helped to maintain a steady supply of electronics, clothes, toys and other goods so abundant that it has managed to keep prices low across the board. However, as the pandemic and the Russia — Ukraine conflict continue to weigh on trade and business ties, that period of plenty appears to be undergoing a partial reversal. Companies are rethinking where to source their products and are stockpiling inventory (库存), even at the potential cost of lowering their efficiency and increasing their operation expense. If the situation lasts for very long, could have important implications for inflation (通货膨胀) and the world economy. American economists are debating whether recent supply chain troubles and geopolitical conflicts will result in a shake-up of global production, in which factories that had previously been sent offshore or areas with fewer tax regulations, move back to the United States or into other more stable countries. If this happens, a decades-long decline in the prices of many goods could come to an end. We may even witness a slide backwards, meaning a potential boost in prices and overall inflation as a result. The period of global integration before the pandemic made many of the things Americans buy cheaper. Computers and other forms of technology made factories more efficient, and they rolled out sneakers, kitchen tables, and electronics at a pace unmatched in history. Companies slashed their production costs by moving factories offshore, where wages were lower. The adoption of steel shipping containers and ever larger cargo ships allowed products to be transported from Bangladesh and China to Seattle and Tupelo and everywhere in between at astonishingly low prices. Those changes, however, had consequences for American factory workers, who saw many jobs disappear. Katherine Tai, the U. S. trade representative, said that, while American consumers have enjoyed the “luxury” of low prices for imported goods for a long time now, the system upon which it was built has always been a very “fragile” one. Americans are not just consumers, but also workers who have to compete in a global marketplace for talent where globalization “has damaged opportunities and wages for average American workers”. “Some returning is occurring — let’s make no mistake about that.” Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala., the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, said in an interview. But the data shows that most businesses are reducing their risk by building up their inventories and finding additional suppliers in low-cost countries, such as Vietnam and Mexico. This process could end up helping more deeply integtate poorer countries in Africa and other parts of the world into the global value chains, said Dr. Okonjo-Iweala. The intertwined trajectory (轨迹) of globalization, low prices, and inflation on the whole will be closely watched by economists over the years to come. “It would certainly be a different world.” Jerome H. Powel, the chair of the Federal Reserve, said when asked about a possible move away from globalization. “It’s not obvious how dramatically conditions will change,” he said. “But it’s clear that it’s slowed down.” 60．Which of the following best fits the blank in Paragraph 2? A．the trend of global integration B．a shift away from fine-tuned globalization C．the benefit of cheap and plenty goods D．an upcoming economic crash 61．Which of the following statement is true about the shake-up of global production? A．A potential decline in prices of goods can be expected. B．American companies may locate their offshore factories in Africa. C．Efficient transportation makes bulk buying convenient for Americans. D．Inflation has a role to play in the shake-up of globalization. 62．What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A．Katherine Tai takes a neutral position concerning globalization. B．American factory workers face heightened competition from domestic rivals. C．American consumers generally benefited from global integration. D．Exported goods lead to the lower wages of average Americans. (C) When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee. 74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired. Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags. “My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.” “The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee. If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen($2.8). 63．Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word“blunder”in the second paragraph? A．mistake B．show C．mixture D．brand 64．Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee? A．A woman bearing a baby. B．A student having trouble with sleep. C．A cleaner working on a day shift. D．A young lady sick of garlic. 65．Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee? A．It is caffeine-free. B．Garlic powder dissolves in water. C．The burnt garlic creates bitterness. D．It is an improvement on a garlic dish. 66．Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai? A．venturous and greedy B．innovative and perseverant C．hardworking and cautious D．observant and helpful Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Money Matters Parents should help their children understand money. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example. 1.The basic function of money Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier. 67 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money. 2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 68 If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.” 3. 69 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product — a name-brand butter and a generic, for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 70 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. A．Wise decisions. B．The value of money. C．Permit the child to choose between them. D．Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things. E．Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. F．Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat. Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip-hop music might be fun to listen to, it’s unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽). Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medications that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, day cares, and schools. Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you. 71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.经常洗手和保持社交距离可以抑制病毒的传播。(spread) (汉译英) 73.多亏读了这些励志故事，我才逐渐明白对工作和生活充满热情能让我们渡过难关。（dawn）（汉译英） 74.这部纪录片旨在呼吁人们保护濒临灭绝的物种。(appeal)(汉译英) 75.新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。(broaden)(汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的王磊，你班本学期剩余一笔总额三千元的班费class fee结余，目前有两个方案：1．为教室添加一台空气净化器；2．为每位同学订阅一份英语周报Shanghai Students’ Post。请你给班委会class committee写一封信，谈谈你的看法，必须包括： 1．你赞同的方案； 2．你赞同该方案的理由； 3．你对于执行此方案的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 1 Our World 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a gallery. B. At the barber’s. C. In a restaurant. D. At the tailor’s. 2. A. Fellow workers. B. Family members. C. Doctor and patient. D. Driver and passenger. 3. A. Choosing psychology. B. Choosing economics. C. Neither is a good choice. D. Choosing a major of interest. 4. A. She did not feel sorry for being late for the appointment. B. She did not inform the man of her delay in advance. C. She wasn’t really caught in the traffic jam. D. She wasn’t always late for the appointment. 5. A. It was lost and won’t be found. B. It was transferred to a different city. C. It was delivered to her hotel already. D. It was stolen during her trip. 6. A. He has realized he still leaves much to be desired. B. He is angry with not getting the lead role in the play. C. He is confident about getting the lead role next time. D. He feels reluctant to take the new responsibilities. 7. A. They told a lot of stories during the meeting. B. There is no need for them to argue so fiercely in public. C. Both perspectives should be considered before judging. D. They should have resolved their issues in private. 8. A. She has already been to the café . B. She is not interested in going to the café . C. She knows about the café but hasn’t visited it. D. She wants to go to the café right away. 9. A. She expects the man to help Brian move to a new house. B. She expects the man to take mum to Brain’s new house. C. She expects the man to celebrate mum’s birthday together. D. She expects the man to make a phone call to Mum. 10. A. The fantastic and high-quality camera. B. The need for better internet connectivity. C. Their favorite photography techniques. D. The pros and cons of a new smartphone. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation , you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Its regular driving practices and poor vehicles. B. Its lack of green spaces and air cleaners. C. Its excessive water pollution and rubbish. D. Its high air pollution and crowded roads. 12. A.Establishing a high interest loan scheme. B. Removing outdated black and white taxis. C. Encouraging customers to create new ideas. D. Making advertisements on old vehicles. 13. A. Because customers are more friendly and richer. B. Because all new cabs provide air-conditioning. C. Because all new cabs are equipped with meters. D. Because car manufacturers can earn extra money. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Canceling all the gifts. B. Applying a ‘one-gift ’ rule. C. Giving children less time to play. D. Encouraging buying second-hand gifts. 15. A. Buying a rare and expensive souvenir. B. Buying a hand-made craft product. C. Giving something that won’t cost money. D. Giving an experience of something new. 16. A. The waste caused by Christmas gifts. B. The importance of buying gifts for children. C. The creative ideas of giving gifts to avoid waste. D. The negative effects of receiving too many gifts. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. By trading physical items. B. By exchanging artistic creativity. C. By hosting art exhibitions. D. By making artistic advertisements. 18. A. Painting and writing. B. Graphic design and photography. C. Music and album cover design. D. Video editing and project management. 19. A. Members can benefit without efforts. B. Members can make money by providing artistic services. C. Members can get copyrights of other artistic offerings. D. Members can have access to the creative exchange list. 20. A. Competitive individualism. B. Artistic cooperation and inspiration. C. Individual fame in the art field. D. Material collaboration and exchange. 【答案】1-5 CADBB 6- 10 ACCCD 11- 13 DBC 14- 16 BDC 17-20 BCDB Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. W: The steak here is great but the vegetables are overcooked. M: Oh, that’s a shame. Maybe you should tell the waiter. Q: Where are the two speakers? 2. W: I hear the manager is sick. Do you think the meeting will be put off? M: I hope so. I haven’t finished my report yet. Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? 3. W: Do you think I should major in psychology or economics? M: Both have their merits, but consider what you’re more passionate about. Q: What advice is the man giving? 4. W: I apologize for being late. I got stuck in traffic. M: It’s alright, but it would be helpful if you could let me know ahead of time if there’s a delay next time. Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation? 5. M: I’m afraid your luggage got mixed up during the transfer, and it’s currently in a different city. W: Oh no, this is such a bother. Can you have it shipped to my hotel as soon as possible? Q: What happened to the woman’s luggage? 6. W: I heard you didn’t get the lead role in the play. Aren’t you disappointed? M: Well, I am, but I know I still have a lot to learn and improve as an actor. Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 7. W: Did you hear how Sam argued with his co-worker during the meeting? M: Yes, but there might be more to the story. We should consider both sides before judging. Q: What does the man imply about Sam and his co-worker? 8. M: Mary, did you hear about the new café that opened on Main Street? W: Oh, you must be talking about the one with the cute outdoor balcony and live music. I haven’t been there yet. Q: What does the woman mean? 9. M: Brian phoned me today. He was wondering whether I could help him move house on Saturday. W: I’d rather you didn’t. It’s mum’s birthday and I thought we could take her out for the day. Q: What does the woman expect the man to do on Saturday? 10. M: This new smartphone has a fantastic camera, perfect for capturing high-quality photos. W: That sounds great, but I wish it had more storage capacity to store all those photos. Q: What are the speakers discussing? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Cairo was known for its congested roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis. Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a poor state of repair. After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about $900 for old ones to be disposed of and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments. The idea has proved popular with customers. They can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour. (Now listen again please) Questions: 11. Which of the following were Cairo’s environmental issues, according to the passage? 12. What contributed to the improvement in Cairo’s environmental conditions? 13. Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers over fares? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. There is so much waste when it comes to Christmas giving, so we need to think outside the box – use our imagination and be more creative with our generosity. This is particularly true for children, who tend to receive mountains of toys, some of which end up not even being looked at. One idea is to implement a 'one-gift' rule so that children don’t grow up spoiled. Getting too many gifts can also send out the wrong message. Speaking to BBC online, clinical psychologist Linda Blair says, “When we are given a lot, we expect to receive a lot … even if it’s only at Christmas and on birthdays, it will have impact on children’s attitudes.” She also suggests, “If you want to give a gift, give your time” . She makes a good point for children and adults alike. When it comes to giving, think about offering something other than a material object that may get forgotten, discarded or re-gifted. Buying an experience is one alternative. It is a chance for someone to try something out and do something different. It will cost you money, but for the recipient it could be an opportunity to try something they could not normally afford or would not have thought about doing. It would therefore be memorable and, hopefully, much appreciated. (Now listen again please.) Questions: 14. What is one suggestion for reducing waste during Christmas gift-giving, according to the passage? 15. What is one alternative to material gifts, according to clinical psychologist Linda Blair? 16. What is the passage mainly about? Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation. W: Hi there! I’m Sarah, and I’d like to welcome you to the Creative Minds Alliance. Today, I’ll explain how our system works. Instead of using money, we trade our creativity to help each other grow artistically. So, what kind of creative skills do you offer? M: Well, I’m a musician. I love creating music and designing album covers. W: That’s fantastic! Your creative skills will be a great addition to our alliance. When you join, you’ll add your name to the creative exchange list and specify the artistic services you can provide. Everyone in the alliance will have access to this list. M: That sounds exciting! But how do I know what kind of creative services others are offering? W: Once you’re a member, you’ll receive a copy of the creative exchange list or access it through our website. You’ll be amazed at the diverse range of artistic offerings – from photography and painting to writing and video editing. M: Wow! It seems like there are a lot of talents in the alliance. So, how exactly does the creative exchange process work? W: It’s quite straightforward. Let’s say someone needs original music for a project they’re working on. They’ll reach out to you, and if you agree to help, you can form an alliance. M: I’m really interested in this idea. It seems like a wonderful way to collaborate and inspire each other. W: That’s the spirit of the Creative Minds Alliance! We thrive on artistic collaboration and the exchange of ideas. When you’re ready to join, we’ll provide you with the necessary forms to get started. M: I’m definitely on board! I can’t wait to share my creativity and learn from others in the alliance. W: We’re thrilled to have you! Let’s get you signed up so you can start sharing your artistic talents and inspiring others in our creative community. Here are the forms you’ll need. Feel free to reach out if you have any questions. Together, we’ll create a world of artistic possibilities! (Now listen again please) Questions: 17. How does the Creative Minds Alliance work? 18. What kind of creative skills does the man offer to the alliance? 19. What’s the benefit of being a member of Creative Minds Alliance? 20. What is the spirit of the Creative Minds Alliance? II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Fascinating Culture of the Miao People The Miao ethnicity of China has a long history, rich culture, and an ancient folk religion. 21 (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes, they live in uniquely designed architecture. Throughout history, the Miao people were constantly migrating, always on the move. In more modern times, part of the Miao people gradually settled down in southeast Asian countries. Today, the Miao people in China 22 (concentrate) in eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities in southwest and south-central China, 23 Guizhou Province has the largest population. The Miao people have lived the lush vegetation of the mountains and river for generations. The Miaoling Mountains located in Guizhou Province are the watershed (分水岭) between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. Kaili City, the capital of Qiandongnan, is known as the Pearl of Miaoling Mountains. Just 10 kilometers from the city center, the 24 (wind) crystal-clear Bala River runs through the valley by the city. On the cliffs of the peaks on either side of the river 25 (sit) a cluster of Miao villages, scattered like pearls. The people who live in the ancient villages are sincere, kind, hospitable, and honest. 26 a tourist ever get lost, there were no need to worry. All that needs to do is just call out in a loud voice outside any courtyard, “Is anyone home? I’m lost.” A wooden window would open instantly and an elderly person would stick the head out, describing 27 the tourist should head in simple, basic Putonghua. The fantastically colored rice terraces (梯田) can be seen at the edge of the village path. The ripe rice is bent over 28 they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life. After the harvest is done, rice is neatly tied-up and arranged, waiting 29 (handle) better. Self-sufficiency in living off the land is a way of life that Miao families have handed down to their descendants for generations, and today the Miao people still maintain their traditional way of life and work 30 the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages. 【答案】 21．Decorated 22．are concentrated 23．among which/of which    24．winding   25．sits   26．Should 27．where 28．as if/as though 29．to be handled 30．despite 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国苗族悠久的历史、丰富的文化和古老的民间宗教，以及他们独特的服饰、建筑和生活方式。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们穿着漂亮的传统服装，居住在独特设计的建筑中。“_____ (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes”作伴随状语，decorate(装饰)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语they之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填Decorated。 22．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今天，中国的苗族人主要集中在中国西南部和中南部的八个省、自治区和城市，其中贵州省的人口最多。concentrate(使……集中或聚集)是谓语动词，与主语the Miao people之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Today可知，描述当前状态，用一般现在时态，名词people作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are concentrated。 23．考查定语从句。句意：今天，中国的苗族人主要集中在中国西南部和中南部的八个省、自治区和城市，其中贵州省的人口最多。“_____ Guizhou Province has the largest population”是定语从句，修饰先行词“eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities”，关系词将其代入定语从句中作状语，表示“在八个省、自治区和城市中”，可用“介词among/of+关系代词which”引导该从句。故填among/of which。 24．考查形容词。句意：离市中心仅10公里，蜿蜒清澈的巴拉河穿过城市的山谷。提示词修饰名词Bala River，用同根形容词winding作定语，意为“曲折的，蜿蜒的”。故填winding。 25．考查倒装句型、时态和主谓一致。句意：在河流两岸的山峰悬崖上，散落着一簇簇苗族村寨，像珍珠一样。本句是倒装句型，主语是a cluster of Miao villages，sit(坐落在)是谓语动词，与主语之间是主动关系，结合句意，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因“a cluster of+名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常使用单数形式。故填sits。 26．考查固定句型和虚拟语气。句意：如果游客迷路了，也不用担心。根据句意，“_____ a tourist ever get lost”是虚拟条件状语从句，原句为“If a tourist should ever get lost”，在虚拟条件句中，如果有助动词should，可省略连词if，并将should置于从句句首；句首单词首字母大写。故填Should。 27．考查宾语从句。句意：一扇木窗会立刻打开，一位老人会把头伸出来，用简单、基本的普通话描述游客应该去哪里。“_____ the tourist should head”是宾语从句，结合句意，表示“游客应该去哪里”，用应连接副词where引导该从句，并在句中作地点状语。故填where。 28．考查状语从句。句意：成熟的稻子弯下了腰，好像在对大地赐予它生命表示感谢。根据句意，“_____ they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life”是方式状语从句，表示“好像……”，用连词as if或者as though引导该从句。故填as if/though。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：收割完毕后，稻子被整齐地捆扎起来，排列好，等待更好的处理。wait to do固定搭配，用不定式作宾语，又因handle与其逻辑主语rice之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be handled作宾语。故填to be handled。 30．考查介词。句意：如今，苗族人仍然保持着他们的传统生活方式和工作方式，尽管有成群的游客穿过他们的村庄。根据句意，“_____ the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages”是让步状语，表示“尽管”，用介词despite构成介词短语作状语。故填despite。 Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．average B．adapt C． consisting D．persistent E. exactly F. stuck G. failing H. extremely I. referred J. initial K. range From roughly the 16th to 19th centuries, much of the Earth was caught by a persistent freezing cold. During this time, the Northern Hemisphere (半球) experienced long stretches of temperatures so cold that people witnessed crops 31 and rivers freezing — like the Scheldt River. Thousands of people walking and playing across the frozen River Thames; Soldiers on horseback seeing ships 32 in the ice; Natives using snowshoes to outsmart the English army…These were some of the images that define the Little Ice Age — a period of several centuries last millennium in which parts of the Northern Hemisphere struggled with a(n) 33 cold. But what caused the Little Ice Age, how long did it last, how did people 34 to the freezing cold — and what lessons can we learn as we enter our own period of climatic change? The Little Ice Age was not a true ice age — 35 cooling was probably only in the order of 0.5 degrees Celsius, or 1 degree Fahrenheit — or was it consistently cold. Dagomar Degroot, associate professor of environmental history at Georgetown University has 36 to the era as a series of “little ice ages.” Although some researchers argue it may have begun earlier, NASA defines the Little Ice Age as beginning around 1550 and 37 of three cold peaks-around 1650,1770 and 1850. Scientists are still working out 38 what caused the Little Ice Age too. Theories 39 from decreased solar activity to increased volcanic eruptions, to the decline of populations in North America, which allowed forests to replace agricultural land, in the process removing about seven billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere. A 2022 study argued that the 40 trigger was actually a rise of extremely warm water flowing north from the tropics in the late 1300s,which pushed Arctic ice into the North Atlantic. Whatever the cause, the consequences of the Little Ice Age have a lasting effect on history, although to what extent is still controversial. 【答案】 31．G 32．F 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．I 37．C 38．E 39．K 40．J 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球北半球的小冰河时期的情况。 31．考查动词。句意：在此期间，北半球经历了长时间的低温，人们目睹了庄稼歉收，河流冻结，比如斯海尔德河。根据“the Northern Hemisphere experienced long stretches of temperatures”以及句意“歉收”可知应填fail，此处为现在分词作宾补。故选G。 32．考查动词。句意：成千上万的人在结冰的泰晤士河上散步玩耍；马背上的士兵看见船陷在冰里；当地人用雪鞋智胜英国军队……根据“in the ice”以及句意“陷在”可知应填过去分词stuck，作宾补。故选F。 33．考查副词。句意：这些是定义小冰期的一些图像——在过去一千年的几个世纪里，北半球的部分地区与持续的寒冷作斗争。根据“These were some of the images that define the Little Ice Age — a period of several centuries last millennium”以及句意“持续的”可知应填形容词persistent，修饰名词cold。故选D。 34．考查动词。句意：但是，是什么导致了小冰期，它持续了多长时间，人们是如何适应寒冷的，当我们进入自己的气候变化时期时，我们能学到什么？根据“to the freezing cold”以及句意“适应”可知应填动词adapt，此处为特殊疑问句，应填原形。故选B。 35．考查形容词。句意：小冰河期并不是真正的冰河期——平均温度可能只有0.5摄氏度，或者1华氏度——或者它一直很冷。根据“nor was it consistently cold”以及句意“平均的”可知应填形容词average，修饰名词cooling。故选A。 36．考查动词。句意：乔治城大学环境史副教授达格马尔·德格鲁特把这个时代称为一系列的“小冰河期”。根据“to the era as a series of “little ice ages.””以及句意“称为”可知应填refer，根据has可知为现在完成时。故选I。 37．考查动词。句意：尽管一些研究人员认为它可能开始得更早，但美国宇航局将小冰川期定义为大约始于1550年，由三个寒冷的高峰组成——大约在1650年、1770年和1850年。根据“of three cold peaks-around 1650,1770 and 1850”以及句意“由……组成”可知应填consist，作介词as的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选C。 38．考查副词。句意：科学家们还在研究导致小冰河期的确切原因。根据“what caused the Little Ice Age too”以及句意“确切”可知应填副词exactly，作状语。故选E。 39．考查动词。句意：从太阳活动减少到火山爆发增加，再到北美人口的减少，这使得森林取代了农田，在这个过程中从大气中去除了大约70亿吨的碳。根据“from decreased solar activity to increased volcanic eruptions, to the decline of populations in North America”以及句意“范围变化”可知应填动词range，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故选K。 40．考查形容词。句意：2022年的一项研究认为，最初的触发因素实际上是14世纪后期从热带向北流动的极暖水上升，将北极的冰推入北大西洋。根据“trigger was actually a rise of extremely warm water flowing north from the tropics in the late 1300s,which pushed Arctic ice into the North Atlantic”以及句意“最初的”可知应填形容词initial，作定语修饰名词trigger。故选J。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Deepfake Are Deeply Troubling A recent video on the internet has Coco Lee, who died last year, talking to her fans and saying, “From the moment I left this world, I can always feel your endless love and support.” The video looked 41 , but it was a “deepfake” created by AI. AI has 42 to the point where it has become difficult to distinguish what is real from what isn’t. These types of deepfakes are now all over the internet where we see people, usually celebrities and politicians, saying things which they didn’t really say. One “deepfake” has Taylor Swift 43 a brand of cookware. Some “creative” person used AI to manipulate (操控) her image and 44 to make it appear that she were speaking for the product. But there is a more 45 trend in deepfakes that has become more prevalent (普遍的). As with the Coco Lee deepfake, there are people using AI to “resurrect (复活)” their lost loved ones and 46 them. In one recent high-profile case you’re probably aware of, the famous musician Bao Xiaobo used AI to “resurrect” his daughter, who died at the age of twenty-two. With the technology, he is able to talk to her and ask her questions. Though he knew it was fake, he didn’t 47 because he missed her very much. The 48 consequences of not “letting go” of a loved one can be serious. It may cause a person to live in a fantasy world instead of accepting the healthy and necessary process of grieving and 49 with his or her life. 50 , there is a legal aspect to AI deepfakes which has yet to be thoroughly considered. Can a dead person’s image be manipulated to say things which they didn’t say and wouldn’t have said if they were 51 ? Can a person’s image be copyrighted to prevent this from happening? These are some of the questions that 52 will have to consider, and courts will have to decide. In 1931, the British author Aldous Huxley wrote a novel called Brave New World, which was about a future 53 by technology. In many ways we are living in this “Brave New World” and are 54 our “humanity” with all its faults, virtues and limitations. I’m sorry that Coco Lee is gone, and I’m sorry that Tino Bao’s daughter is gone, but grieving is a part of life, and grief, as they say, is the 55 for love. 41．A．interesting B．affectionate C．joyful D．authentic 42．A．sweated B．certified C．progressed D．reacted 43．A．crafting B．promoting C．sampling D．releasing 44．A．identity B．weight C．mind D．voice 45．A．disturbing B．outstanding C．struggling D．entertaining 46．A．look after B．bring up C．interact with D．benefit from 47．A．regret B．admit C．participate D．care 48．A．ethical B．psychological C．imaginary D．financial 49．A．putting up B．coming down C．moving on D．ending up 50．A．Relatively B．Consequently C．Likely D．Additionally 51．A．conscious B．alive C．present D．mindful 52．A．scientists B．creators C．applicants D．lawmakers 53．A．threatened B．innovated C．inhabited D．dominated 54．A．bombarding B．modifying C．losing D．replacing 55．A．signal B．price C．mission D．foundation 【答案】 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讨论了深度伪造（deepfake）技术的发展及其带来的问题，包括伦理、心理、法律等多个层面的影响。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：视频看起来像真的，但它是由人工智能创造的深度伪造。A. interesting有趣的；B. affectionate表示关爱的；C. joyful快乐的；D. authentic真实的。根据下文“but it was a “deepfake” created by AI”可知，这是AI制作的假视频，由表示转折的but可知，上文中视频看起来像是真的，故选D项。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人工智能已经进步到了很难区分真假的地步。A. sweated出汗；B. certified认证；C. progressed进步；D. reacted反应。根据下文“has become difficult to distinguish what is real from what isn’t”可知，现在人们已经很难分辨AI的真假了，这说明AI技术取得了很大进步，故选C项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个深度伪造视频显示泰勒·斯威夫特正在推广一个炊具品牌。A. crafting制作；B. promoting推广；C. sampling品尝；D. releasing释放。根据下文“make it appear that she were speaking for the product”可知，让名人为自己的产品发声，这是在推广产品，故选B项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些创意人士使用人工智能操纵她的形象和声音，使她看起来像是在为该产品发言。A. identity身份；B. weight重量；C. mind思想；D. voice声音。根据上文“saying things which they didn’t really say”可知，这是操纵她的声音，故选D项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是深度伪造中有一个更令人不安的趋势，这种趋势变得越来越普遍。A. disturbing令人不安的；B. outstanding杰出的；C. struggling挣扎的；D. entertaining娱乐的。根据下文“resurrect their lost loved ones”和上下文对深度伪造的负面描述，AI可以使用死去的人的形象，可知趋势是令人不安的，故选A项。 46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就像李玟的深度伪造一样，有人使用人工智能复活他们失去的亲人并与他们互动。A. look after照顾；B. bring up提出；C. interact with与……互动；D. benefit from从……获益。根据下文“With the technology, he is able to talk to her and ask her questions.”可知，此处指与人工智能复活的亲人互动。故选C项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他知道这是假的，但他并不在意，因为他非常想念她。A. regret后悔；B. admit承认；C. participate参与；D. care关心，在意。根据上下文“Though he knew it was fake”和“he missed her very much”可知，尽管他知道这是假的，但是他非常想念女儿，这让他不介意这是假的。故选D项。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不放手亲人的心理后果可能很严重。A. ethical道德的；B. psychological心理的；C. imaginary想象的；D. financial财政的，金融的。根据下文“instead of accepting the healthy and necessary process of grieving”可知，人们会沉溺于虚幻的世界，而不是接受健康的心理疗愈过程，这是心理问题，故选B项。 49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这可能导致一个人生活在幻想世界中，而不是接受健康和必要的悲伤过程，并继续他或她的生活。A. putting up举起；B. coming down崩塌，降落；C. moving on前进；D. ending up结束。根据上下文“instead of accepting the healthy and necessary process of grieving”可知，作者认为这会导致人们生活在幻想世界，而不是接受健康和必要的悲伤过程，然后继续自己的生活，故选C项。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，人工智能深度伪造还有一个法律层面，这个层面尚未得到充分考虑。A. Relatively相对地；B. Consequently因此；C. Likely可能地；D. Additionally此外。根据上文“ The ___48___ consequences of not “letting go” of a loved one can be serious.”以及空后“there is a legal aspect”提出的法律问题，可知是进一步补充说明深度伪造的问题，故选D项。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个已故人士的形象可以被操纵说出他们从未说过的以及如果他们活着也不会说的话吗？A. conscious有意识的；B. alive活着的；C. present在场的；D. mindful留意的。根据上下文“Can a dead person’s image be manipulated”以及“if they were”可知，这个句子使用了虚拟语气，表示假如他们活着。故选B项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些都是立法者必须考虑的问题，法院将必须做出决定。A. scientists科学家；B. creators创造者；C. applicants申请人；D. lawmakers立法者。根据上文“there is a legal aspect to AI deepfakes”以及下文“courts will have to decide”可知，此处指这是立法者需要考虑的问题。故选D项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1931年，英国作家奥尔德斯·赫胥黎写了一本名为《美丽新世界》的小说，这是关于一个由技术支配的未来世界。A. threatened威胁；B. innovated创新；C. inhabited居住；D. dominated支配。根据上文所讲述的人工智能技术以及下文“by technology”可知，此处指被技术支配的未来世界。故选D项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在很多方面，我们正生活在这个美丽新世界中，并且正在失去我们的人性，包括它的所有缺点、美德和局限性。A. bombarding轰炸；B. modifying修改；C. losing失去；D. replacing取代。根据上下文“our humanity with all its faults, virtues and limitations”可知，科技是没有人性的，也没有感情，作者认为科技主导的世界是在失去人性，故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很遗憾李玟已经走了，我很遗憾包小柏的女儿已经走了，但悲伤是生活的一部分，正如他们所说，悲伤是爱的代价。A. signal信号；B. price代价；C. mission使命；D. foundation基础。根据上下文“but grieving is a part of life”以及常识可知，悲伤是生命的一部分，是每个人都会经历的事情，因为爱，失去后才会悲伤，这说明悲伤是爱的某种结果或代价，故选B项。 Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the “invisible value of urban design” in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers. The study of around 430,000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents. The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic (社会人口统计学), lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods. The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic (慢性的) and particularly heart diseases, researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design. “With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases,” said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. “The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design. “We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases — if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses.” To measure a neighborhood’s activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail (零售) density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations. Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health. Because walkability was “based on the underlying design of the city”, said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. “Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and common.” 56．By considering “invisible value of urban design”, people can _______. A．reduce the ageing population B．slow down the pace of urbanization C．promote activity-friendly and walkable cities D．invest in preventing and curing heart diseases 57．What can be inferred from the passage? A．A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability. B．Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure. C．Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people’s neglect of their health. D．Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability. 58．All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT _______. A．failing health B．unhealthy lifestyle C．fewer social interactions D．fewer neighborhoods 59．According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, _______. A．cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactions B．the design of our neighborhoods should meet people’s needs for retail density C．money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expenses D．chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environment 【答案】56．C 57．B 58．D 59．C 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现社区步行能力提高、血压降低和居民高血压风险降低之间存在显著关联，因此我们必须考虑城市规划和设计的无形价值，促进城市的活动友好性和可步行性。 56．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable”可知，我们能够通过小区设计上的微小改变来投资建设健康的城市，使其更便于活动和步行，由此可知，通过考虑城市设计的无形价值，人们可以促进城市的活动友好性和可步行性，故C项正确。 57．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents.”可知，研究发现社区步行能力提高、血压降低和居民高血压风险降低之间存在显著关联，由此可知，适宜步行的城市可以降低血压和患高血压的风险，故B项正确。 58．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health.”可知，设计不当的空间通常会减少步行和体力活动，促进长时间坐着不动的生活方式；对社会交往有害，因此与较差的身心健康有关，由此可知，设计糟糕的社区的不良后果包括健康状况不佳、不健康的生活方式以及较少的社会交往，而没有提到较少的社区，故D项正确。 59．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Because walkability was based on the underlying design of the city , said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains ”可知，Sarkar说，由于步行能力是基于城市的基础设计，城市可以被修改或设计来鼓励步行能力，这类对健康设计的投资很可能带来长期收益，言外之意，他认为投资于创建健康城市的资金是节省在未来医疗费用上的资金，故C项正确。 【点睛】本篇第4题难度较大，抓住Chinmoy Sarkar在文中说的话是关键，根据最后一段中的“Because walkability was based on the underlying design of the city , said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains ”可知，Sarkar说，由于步行能力是基于城市的基础设计，城市可以被修改或设计来鼓励步行能力，这类对健康设计的投资很可能带来长期收益，上文又说适宜步行的城市可以降低血压和患高血压的风险，由此可知，他认为投资于创建健康城市的资金是节省在未来医疗费用上的资金，故C项正确。 (B) For the past three decades, companies and consumers have benefited from cross — border connections that have helped to maintain a steady supply of electronics, clothes, toys and other goods so abundant that it has managed to keep prices low across the board. However, as the pandemic and the Russia — Ukraine conflict continue to weigh on trade and business ties, that period of plenty appears to be undergoing a partial reversal. Companies are rethinking where to source their products and are stockpiling inventory (库存), even at the potential cost of lowering their efficiency and increasing their operation expense. If the situation lasts for very long, could have important implications for inflation (通货膨胀) and the world economy. American economists are debating whether recent supply chain troubles and geopolitical conflicts will result in a shake-up of global production, in which factories that had previously been sent offshore or areas with fewer tax regulations, move back to the United States or into other more stable countries. If this happens, a decades-long decline in the prices of many goods could come to an end. We may even witness a slide backwards, meaning a potential boost in prices and overall inflation as a result. The period of global integration before the pandemic made many of the things Americans buy cheaper. Computers and other forms of technology made factories more efficient, and they rolled out sneakers, kitchen tables, and electronics at a pace unmatched in history. Companies slashed their production costs by moving factories offshore, where wages were lower. The adoption of steel shipping containers and ever larger cargo ships allowed products to be transported from Bangladesh and China to Seattle and Tupelo and everywhere in between at astonishingly low prices. Those changes, however, had consequences for American factory workers, who saw many jobs disappear. Katherine Tai, the U. S. trade representative, said that, while American consumers have enjoyed the “luxury” of low prices for imported goods for a long time now, the system upon which it was built has always been a very “fragile” one. Americans are not just consumers, but also workers who have to compete in a global marketplace for talent where globalization “has damaged opportunities and wages for average American workers”. “Some returning is occurring — let’s make no mistake about that.” Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala., the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, said in an interview. But the data shows that most businesses are reducing their risk by building up their inventories and finding additional suppliers in low-cost countries, such as Vietnam and Mexico. This process could end up helping more deeply integtate poorer countries in Africa and other parts of the world into the global value chains, said Dr. Okonjo-Iweala. The intertwined trajectory (轨迹) of globalization, low prices, and inflation on the whole will be closely watched by economists over the years to come. “It would certainly be a different world.” Jerome H. Powel, the chair of the Federal Reserve, said when asked about a possible move away from globalization. “It’s not obvious how dramatically conditions will change,” he said. “But it’s clear that it’s slowed down.” 60．Which of the following best fits the blank in Paragraph 2? A．the trend of global integration B．a shift away from fine-tuned globalization C．the benefit of cheap and plenty goods D．an upcoming economic crash 61．Which of the following statement is true about the shake-up of global production? A．A potential decline in prices of goods can be expected. B．American companies may locate their offshore factories in Africa. C．Efficient transportation makes bulk buying convenient for Americans. D．Inflation has a role to play in the shake-up of globalization. 62．What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A．Katherine Tai takes a neutral position concerning globalization. B．American factory workers face heightened competition from domestic rivals. C．American consumers generally benefited from global integration. D．Exported goods lead to the lower wages of average Americans. 【答案】60．B 61．D 62．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了全球化对商品价格、通货膨胀和全球经济的影响。随着疫情和俄乌冲突持续，全球供应链受到冲击，企业开始重新考虑产品采购地点并储备库存，可能导致通货膨胀和全球生产格局的重大变化。美国经济学家就是否会出现全球生产格局的转变进行了辩论，这可能会结束商品价格长期下降的趋势，并可能引发通货膨胀。 60．推理判断题。根据第一段中“For the past three decades, companies and consumers have benefited from cross—border connections that have helped to maintain a steady supply of electronics, clothes, toys and other goods so abundant that it has managed to keep prices low across the board.(过去三十年来，企业和消费者受益于跨境联系，这种联系帮助保持了电子产品、服装、玩具和其他商品的稳定供应，供应如此丰富，以至于成功地将价格全面保持在低位)”可知，过去几十年，国际贸易已经形成了稳定的、精细的跨境供应链。结合第二段中“However, as the pandemic and the Russia — Ukraine conflict continue to weigh on trade and business ties, that period of plenty appears to be undergoing a partial reversal. Companies are rethinking where to source their products and are stockpiling inventory (库存), even at the potential cost of lowering their efficiency and increasing their operation expense.(然而，随着疫情和俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突继续给贸易和商业关系带来压力，这一富足时期似乎正在经历部分逆转。即使可能以降低效率和增加运营费用为代价，企业也正在重新考虑从哪里采购产品，并囤积库存)”可知，新的国际形势可能导致这一有利局面的改变。由此推知，如果这一情况长时间持续，必然导致国际贸易从精细化的全球合作转向，进而影响通货膨胀和全球经济。故选B项。 61．细节理解题。根据第三段中“American economists are debating whether recent supply chain troubles and geopolitical conflicts will result in a shake-up of global production, in which factories that had previously been sent offshore or areas with fewer tax regulations, move back to the United States or into other more stable countries. If this happens, a decades-long decline in the prices of many goods could come to an end. We may even witness a slide backwards, meaning a potential boost in prices and overall inflation as a result.(美国经济学家正在讨论，最近的供应链问题和地缘政治冲突是否会导致全球生产的剧变，即以前被转移到海外或税收监管较少的地区的工厂，会搬回美国或其他更稳定的国家。如果发生这种情况，许多商品长达数十年的价格下跌可能会结束。我们甚至可能会看到经济下滑，这意味着价格和整体通胀可能会因此上涨)”可知，全球生产的剧变可能会导致通货膨胀，即通货膨胀与全球生产的剧变相关。故选D项。 62．推理判断题。根据第五段“Katherine Tai, the U. S. trade representative, said that, while American consumers have enjoyed the “luxury” of low prices for imported goods for a long time now, the system upon which it was built has always been a very “fragile” one.(美国贸易代表戴凯琳表示，虽然美国消费者长期以来一直享受进口商品低价的“奢侈”，但建立在此基础上的体系一直非常“脆弱”)”可推知，美国消费者享受进口的商品低价，受益于全球一体化。故选C项。 (C) When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee. 74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired. Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags. “My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.” “The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee. If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen($2.8). 63．Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word“blunder”in the second paragraph? A．mistake B．show C．mixture D．brand 64．Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee? A．A woman bearing a baby. B．A student having trouble with sleep. C．A cleaner working on a day shift. D．A young lady sick of garlic. 65．Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee? A．It is caffeine-free. B．Garlic powder dissolves in water. C．The burnt garlic creates bitterness. D．It is an improvement on a garlic dish. 66．Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai? A．venturous and greedy B．innovative and perseverant C．hardworking and cautious D．observant and helpful 【答案】63．A 64．D 65．D 66．B 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位74岁的日本老人发明了独特的大蒜咖啡。 63．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee.”可知，当时他在上菜的时候烧了牛排和大蒜，他被烧焦的大蒜香味所吸引，用勺子把它捣碎，然后和热水混合，由此产生的饮料看起来和尝起来很像咖啡，也就是说大蒜咖啡源于他30年前烧菜时无意中犯的一个错误，并不是有意为之，由此可知画线词词义为“错误”，故A项正确。 64．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.”可知，如果你能克服大蒜的香味，那么大蒜咖啡的味道显然很像真正的咖啡，而讨厌大蒜的人不可能克服大蒜的味道，由此可知，讨厌大蒜的年轻女士不适合喝大蒜咖啡，故D项正确。 65．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To make his dissolvable garlic grounds”可知，大蒜咖啡粉可溶于水；根据倒数第三段中的“It contains no caffeine”可知，大蒜咖啡不含咖啡因；根据倒数第二段中的“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor”可知，大蒜烧焦后的苦味显然有助于产生咖啡般的味道，以上三点都是大蒜咖啡的特点，而没有说它是对大蒜菜的改进，故D项正确。 66．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago”可知，他由30年前烧菜时无意中犯的一个错误而想出了研制大蒜咖啡的想法，这说明他善于创新，根据第三段中的“Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula”可知，他致力于将自己的怪异饮料转变为商业产品，用了多年时间优化配方，这说明他做事持之以恒，由此可知，他具有创新和持之以恒的精神，故B项正确。 【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，对画线词上下文的理解是关键，例如本篇第1题，根据画线词后的“when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee.”可知，当时他在上菜的时候烧了牛排和大蒜，他被烧焦的大蒜香味所吸引，用勺子把它捣碎，然后和热水混合，由此产生的饮料看起来和尝起来很像咖啡，也就是说大蒜咖啡不是他刻意研制的，而是源于30年前烧菜时无意中犯的一个错误，由此可知画线词词义为“错误”，故A项正确。 Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Money Matters Parents should help their children understand money. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example. 1.The basic function of money Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier. 67 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money. 2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 68 If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.” 3. 69 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product — a name-brand butter and a generic, for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 70 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. A．Wise decisions. B．The value of money. C．Permit the child to choose between them. D．Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things. E．Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. F．Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. 【答案】67．F 68．D 69．A 70．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了家长如何帮助孩子们理解有关金钱的问题，并从三方面提供了解决问题的方法：解释钱的基本功能，教会孩子理性花钱和做出明智的选择。 67．根据上文“If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier. (如果他想要玩具，就把钱给他，让他把钱交给收银员)”可知，此处在讲关于买玩具的事情。故F选项“离开玩具店后，谈谈钱是如何买来这个东西的”符合语境，故选F。 68．根据后文的两个假设“If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”(如果你必须拒绝孩子花钱的要求，解释说：“你现在有足够的玩具卡车了。”或者，如果要求有很多不同的东西，你可以说：“你必须在这个玩具和那个玩具之间做出选择。”)”可知，两个if引导的从句来看，此处应是对后文意义的概括，即告诉孩子为什么能或者不能买某些东西。故D选项“告诉你的孩子为什么他可以或不可以拥有某些东西”符合语境，故选D。 69．此处是小标题，根据下文“Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product—a kind of name-brand butter and a generic, for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money.(从杂货店开始。挑选两种类似品牌的产品，例如一种名牌黄油和一种普通品。你可以向孩子展示如何在不同品牌的产品之间做出选择，这样你就可以省钱)”可知，这一段主要讲的是家长在商店如何帮助孩子做出明智的选择。故A选项“明智的决定”符合语境，故选A。 70．根据下文“If he chooses the cheaper brand(如果他选择了更便宜的品牌)”可知，此处应说明允许孩子在不同的品牌之间做出选择。故C选项“允许孩子在它们之间做出选择”符合语境，故选C。 IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. Some of the ways people use music therapy are to reduce pain, such as in childbirth or during cancer treatments, or to stimulate brain activity after an injury or memory loss. Music therapy has also been successful in aiding children to overcome disabilities. Children can move their bodies with the music and stamp along to the beat. Why is music a useful therapy? Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. Emotionally and physically, we respond to the sounds of music. The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns. Although rap or hip-hop music might be fun to listen to, it’s unlikely that such styles of music would produce the same kind of therapeutic effect. Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽). Endorphins are the body’s natural painkillers, and when we listen to music, our brains respond by releasing these natural painkillers. Certain types of music have also been found to lower blood pressure and slow a person’s heart rate. Many people are hopeful that music could replace the need for some medications that are normally used to treat certain illnesses. At present, music therapy is used in a variety of settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation centres, nursing homes, day cares, and schools. Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. So next time you are feeling low or stressed out, put on some relaxing music and let the music heal you. 71._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness because our brain can be stimulated by music, especially complex music. That’s why classical music is most commonly used. The principle of music therapy is to increase the release of endorphins to help treatment. Although music therapy is not used widely, it is increasingly regarded as an effective complement to treatment. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，音乐疗法是一种有效的治疗疾病的方法，因为我们的大脑可以被音乐刺激，尤其是复杂的音乐。这就是为什么最常用的是古典音乐。音乐疗法的原理是增加内啡肽的释放来帮助治疗。虽然音乐疗法的应用并不广泛，但它越来越被认为是一种有效的治疗补充。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①Around the world, music therapy is being used to treat different medical conditions and illnesses. ② Music is soothing and relaxing, but it also stimulates our brains. ③ The complexity of music (the different tempos, rhythms, melodies and harmonies) provokes (激发) the biggest response. Thus, classical music is most typically used for therapies due to complex sounds and patterns.   ④Music has been shown to reduce pain in cancer patients by increasing the release of endorphins (内啡肽). ⑤Although music therapy is not yet considered a mainstream treatment, it is recognized more and more as a useful addition to traditional treatment. 2. 缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4、5三个要点进行重组。 3. 遣词造句 Music therapy is an effective method of treating diseases, because our brain is music stimulation, especially complex music. That’s why the most commonly used is classical music. Music therapy works by increasing the release of endorphins to aid in healing. Although music therapy is not widely used, it is increasingly recognized as an effective therapeutic supplement. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Music therapy is a useful way to treat illness because our brain can be stimulated by music, especially complex music.(这句话运用了不定式作定语和because引导原因状语从句) [高分句型2] That’s why classical music is most commonly used. (这句话运用了why表语从句) V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.经常洗手和保持社交距离可以抑制病毒的传播。(spread) (汉译英) 【答案】Frequent hand washing and maintaining social distance can suppress the spread of viruses. 【详解】考查动词、名词、非谓语动词以及短语。句子陈述一般的状况，时态使用一般现在时。根据句意，可以把主句写成主谓宾结构，主语“经常洗手和保持社交距离”是并列结构，“经常洗手”可以使用frequent hand washing，“保持”的英语是动词maintain，“社交距离”的英语是social distance，“保持社交距离”用于主语位置，应使用动名词形式maintaining social distance；谓语动词“可以抑制”用动词情态动词can +suppress；“传播”使用所给名词spread充当宾语，“病毒的传播”使用of短语of viruses修饰名词spread。故翻译为Frequent hand washing and maintaining social distance can suppress the spread of viruses. 73.多亏读了这些励志故事，我才逐渐明白对工作和生活充满热情能让我们渡过难关。（dawn）（汉译英） 【答案】Thanks to (reading) the inspiring stories, it dawned on me that having a passion for work and life can help us to live through difficulties. 【详解】考查主语从句和it作形式主语与时态。陈述过去的事实，为一般过去时。多亏读了这些励志故事翻译为“Thanks to (reading) the inspiring stories”作状语，我才逐渐明白为“it dawned on me that ”为固定句型，it作形式主语，that为真正的主语。对工作和生活充满热情为“having a passion for work and life ”为动名词作主语，帮助某人做某事为“help sb do sth”,渡过难关为“live through difficulties”。古翻译为：Thanks to (reading) the inspiring stories, it dawned on me that having a passion for work and life can help us to live through difficulties. 74.这部纪录片旨在呼吁人们保护濒临灭绝的物种。(appeal)(汉译英) 【答案】This documentary aims to appeal to people to protect endangered species. 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。表示“旨在”应用动词短语aim to do，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，又因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式；表示“呼吁某人做某事”短语为appeal to sb. to do sth；“保护”可翻译为protect，“濒临灭绝的物种”可翻译为endangered species。故翻译为This documentary aims to appeal to people to protect endangered species. 75.新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。(broaden)(汉译英) 【答案】The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 【详解】考查倍数表达、过去分词以及形容词。根据句意，该句讲述的为客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，表示“广场”应为the square作主语，位于句首，the的首字母需大写，表示“新扩建的”应为newly broadened为过去分词短语作定语修饰名词square，其中newly为副词修饰过去分词broadened；表示“是”应为is，作谓语；表示“以前的四倍大”应为倍数表达，其中比较的是尺寸大小，所以此处应使用“倍数+the size of…”结构，表示“以前的（那一个）”应为the previous one，为比较对象，其中one指代的为square，所以，表示“以前的四倍大”应译为four times the size of the previous one作表语。故翻译为The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的王磊，你班本学期剩余一笔总额三千元的班费class fee结余，目前有两个方案：1．为教室添加一台空气净化器；2．为每位同学订阅一份英语周报Shanghai Students’ Post。请你给班委会class committee写一封信，谈谈你的看法，必须包括： 1．你赞同的方案； 2．你赞同该方案的理由； 3．你对于执行此方案的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear class committee, As we all know, there is a class fee balance of 3,000 yuan remaining for this semester. At present, there are two ways to spend it: one is to add an air purifier to the classroom; the other is to subscribe to the Shanghai Students’ Post for each student. I am in favor of subscribing to the Shanghai Students’ Post. For one thing, the Shanghai Students’ Post is a good journal for our English studies. For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. We should set aside two classes every week for our students to read it, and find an opportunity to let the students report on what they have read. Yours, Wang Lei 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给班委会写一封信，谈谈对如何使用本学期剩余班费方案的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 学期：semester → term 目前：at present → now 支持：be in favor of → support 机会：opportunity → chance 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：For one thing, the Shanghai Students’ Post is a good journal for our English studies. For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. 拓展句：Not only is the Shanghai Students’ Post a good journal for our English studies, but also it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. 【点睛】[高分句型1] For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons.(运用了关系代词which 引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] We should set aside two classes every week for our students to read it, and find an opportunity to let the students report on what they have read.(运用了连接代词what引导宾语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$