第09讲 名词性从句（专项训练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第09讲 名词性从句 目录 01 课标达标练 题型01 考查宾语从句与表语从句用法 题型02 考查主语从句与同位语从句用法 题型03 名词性从句综合练 02 核心突破练 题型01 语法填空 题型02 句子翻译（名词性从句运用） 03 真题溯源练 考向01宾语从句与表语从句 1．She looks so happy. That’s she has won the competition. (用适当的词填空) 2．The city is no longer it used to be 20 years ago. (用适当的词填空) 3．No changes have taken place in the village. It remains it used to be. (用适当的词填空) 4．She still doubted she could finish it herself. (用适当的词填空) 5．Adults learn they perceive to be useful in their life situations. (用适当的词填空) 6．I really doubt we can finish the work ahead of time. (用适当的词填空) 7．The medical students were unsure about they should do with the emergency. (用适当的词填空) 8．You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I agree. (用适当的词填空) 9．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 10．There is something wrong with his watch and that is he is sometimes late for class. (用适当的词填空) 考向02 考查主语从句与同位语从句 11．It is widely recognised calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. (用适当的词填空) 12． we can finish the project on time depends on the team’s efficiency. (用适当的词填空) 13． makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 14． made her very sad was that she lost her necklace. (用适当的词填空) 15．It is true the project was completed just in one year. (用适当的词填空) 16．As a matter of fact, told you that was lying. (用适当的词填空) 17．The performer holds the belief nothing is impossible to a willing heart. (用适当的词填空) 18．The question group will win the match should be answered by them, Group A or B．(用适当的词填空) 19．There seems to be no doubt they are going to do next. (用适当的词填空) 20．I have no idea she addressed the letter to. (用适当的词填空) 考向03 名词性从句综合练 21．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 22．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 23．Ten percent of life is what happens to you and ninety percent is you respond to it. (用适当的词填空) 24．Jane attends Opportunities Academy, a program for young adults with disabilities. This was they learned about how to care about others. (用适当的词填空) 25．Experts say that students' realization if they don’t work hard they will be left behind by others helps them a lot in their study. (用适当的词填空) 26．It remains unknown these social changes have resulted in diverse household patterns. (用适当的词填空) 27． the new mayor will take office hasn’t been made public yet. (用适当的词填空) 28．The 4G cell-phone must be of great use to wants to get the information through the Internet quickly. 29．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything. (用适当的词填空) 30． the two trains crashed into each other still remains unknown, but the police say that it could be due to the heavy snow. （用适当的词填空） 题型一 语法填空 【来源】2025届上海市七宝中学高三下学期5月测试英语试题 Moving to a new place can be terrifying, but volunteering offers a great way to adapt, meet locals, and gain skills. That’s 1 we’re spotlighting Kajal Patil, a volunteer who moved and found volunteer opportunities on VolunteerMatch to make an impact in her new community. Kajal moved to the United States from India in February 2017. 2 (volunteer) for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country, Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on VolunteerMatch. “I enjoy volunteering and it’s great to have such meaningful experiences in life,” says Kajal. Kajal was drawn to a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center 3 (review) applications on behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI). Kajal had previous experience working with the markets 4 candidates were applying, and the position also afforded her the opportunity to work remotely. After connecting with the opportunity on VolunteerMatch and successfully 5 (complete) the application process, Kajal got to work. Her role involved reviewing 44 in-depth applications from potential candidates across Latin America and the Caribbean for a four-week fellowship in the U. S. She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates, assessing the social impact of their businesses, and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans. 6 almost 4, 000 applicants in 2017, Meridian International Center considers volunteers like Kajal to be integral members of the team. With help from volunteers, now 250 candidates 7 (select) to take part in the program and will travel to the U. S. this fall. Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills, while helping her build new 8 such as time management, business analysis, decision-making, planning, and presenting. She is looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center. “By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it boost my self-esteem, other people benefited too. ” 9 you recently moved to a new place or are looking to make an impact in your current community, find a volunteer opportunity to empower 10 — and others — on VolunteerMatch. 题型二 句子翻译（名词性从句运用） 1．为什么他对发生在朋友身上的事情总是一无所知？(how come) (汉译英) 2．疏散过程中无一人受伤的好消息令市长如释重负。(load) (汉译英) 3．尽管困难重重，我们依然怀着能活着出去的希望，绝不放弃。（汉译英） 4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。 （what）（汉译英） 5．让科学家们忧心忡忡的是可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求。（concern）（汉译英） 6．很多人，尤其喜剧演员和编剧，都认为喜剧的内核是悲剧，这不足为奇。（It）（汉译英） 7．要保持健康，最重要的是要有均衡的饮食，充足的睡眠以及要规律地运动。（matter） 8．这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载，如今重返故里，惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英) 9．专家们提醒我们，无论忙碌还是空闲，都不应该用无意义的娱乐活动取代阅读。(remind; replace) (汉译英) 10．这个博物馆的奇妙之处在于将乡村的变迁，时光的痕迹，童年的回忆，融合到一个固定的空间里。 (what)（汉译英） 2023上海秋考 King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________ peace and harmony. 2023上海春考 (25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 2022年秋考 An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 2022年春考 People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30) _______________do see it say that they will never forget it. 2021年春考 This will allow you to see(29)________genres（类型）work for your group. 2020年春考 Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game. The story also supports the idea (30) _________ the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination. 2019年秋考 Nature is full of wonders. In (21)__________ is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature, millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa. 2018年秋考 What we can say is that this is (23 )_______the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it's not just one pattern. 2018年春考 I have seen (25) ______ vigorously they grow without me. 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第09讲 名词性从句 目录 01 课标达标练 题型01 考查宾语从句与表语从句用法 题型02 考查主语从句与同位语从句用法 题型03 名词性从句综合练 02 核心突破练 题型01 语法填空 题型02 句子翻译（名词性从句运用） 03 真题溯源练 考向01宾语从句与表语从句 1．She looks so happy. That’s she has won the competition. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她看起来很开心。那是因为她赢得了比赛。That’s because...表示 “那是因为……”，用来解释原因。故填because。 2．The city is no longer it used to be 20 years ago. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个城市不再是20年前的样子了。空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。 3．No changes have taken place in the village. It remains it used to be. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个村庄没有发生任何变化。它仍然和过去一样。句中“remains”是系动词，后面接的是一个表语从句，从句缺少表语，表示“样子、状态”，用连接代词what引导从句，意为“……的样子/情况”。故填what。 4．She still doubted she could finish it herself. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她仍然怀疑自己是否能完成它。空格处引导的是宾语从句，句子表示“她仍然怀疑自己是否能完成它”，空格处意为“是否”，用whether/if。故填whether/if。 5．Adults learn they perceive to be useful in their life situations. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：成年人学习他们认为对自己生活情况有用的东西。they perceive to be useful in their life situations是宾语从句作learn的宾语。从句谓语perceive表示“认为”，固定结构为perceive sth to be，表示“认为……是，所填词从句中作宾语。what表示“……事物”，可以在宾语从句中作宾语，符合本句语境。故填what。 6．I really doubt we can finish the work ahead of time. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我真怀疑我们是否能提前完成这项工作。空格处引导的是宾语从句，句子表示“我真怀疑我们是否能提前完成这项工作”，空格处意为“是否”，因此用whether/if引导宾语从句，故填whether/if。 7．The medical students were unsure about they should do with the emergency. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：医科学生不确定紧急情况下他们应该做什么。分析句子结构可知，介词about后有一个完整的句子，即介词后有一个宾语从句。宾语从句的动词do“做”需要接一个宾语，连接代词what“什么”符合语境，且能充当宾语。故填what。 8．You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is I agree. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你说每个人都应该是平等的，这是我不同意的地方。“____ I agree”是表语从句，从句中谓语动词agree是不及物动词，后面不需要宾语，结合句意，表示“在……地方”，应用连接副词where作地点状语。故填where。 9．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。 10．There is something wrong with his watch and that is he is sometimes late for class. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他的手表出了点问题，这就是他有时上课迟到的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句为完整的主系表结构，应用连接副词引导，“he is sometimes late for class. ”强调结果，应用why，故答案是why。 考向02 考查主语从句与同位语从句 11．It is widely recognised calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为书法是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。It是形式主语，真正的主语是本空引导的主语从句，主语从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。 12． we can finish the project on time depends on the team’s efficiency. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们能否按时完成这个项目取决于这个团队的效率。空处引导主语从句，结合句意可知此处指“是否”，引导主语从句时常用whether，不用if，首字母应大写，故填Whether。 13． makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：它引人注目的地方在于它展示了一个带着恐惧表情的瘦弱的身影。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 14． made her very sad was that she lost her necklace. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：使她非常伤心的是她丢了项链。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用连接词what引导。位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 15．It is true the project was completed just in one year. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：的确，这个工程仅仅用了一年的时间就完成了。空后为完整的句子，此处用固定句型“it is+形容词+that…”表示“……是怎样的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的名词性从句。故填that。 16．As a matter of fact, told you that was lying. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意：事实上，无论谁告诉你那件事，他都在撒谎。“______ told you that”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论谁”，所以用whoever 引导，故填whoever。 17．The performer holds the belief nothing is impossible to a willing heart. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：这位表演者坚信：只要心怀决心，一切皆有可能。引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分、句意完整，填连接词that，故填that。 18．The question group will win the match should be answered by them, Group A or B．(用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：究竟哪一组（A组还是B组）会赢得比赛，这个问题应该由他们来回答。空格处引导同位语从句，由Group A or B可知，句子表示“究竟哪一组（A组还是B组）会赢得比赛，这个问题应该由他们来回答”，空格处意为“哪一个”，用which，故填which。 19．There seems to be no doubt they are going to do next. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他们下一步要做什么似乎是毫无疑问的。空格处引导同位语从句，从句中缺少宾语，此处表示“他们下一步要做什么似乎是毫无疑问的”，因此空格处用what引导同位语从句，故填what。 20．I have no idea she addressed the letter to. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom/who 【详解】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：我不知道她把信寄给了谁。I have no idea 后接同位语从句，对 idea 的内容进行解释说明。从句中addressed the letter to缺少宾语，且指人，所以可用who或 whom引导同位语从句，故填who /whom。 考向03 名词性从句综合练 21．The only thing that kept those successful people going was that they loved they did. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：让这些成功人士坚持下去的唯一原因是他们热爱自己所做的事情。空白处及之后的内容在句中作loved的宾语从句，空白处在宾语从句中作did的宾语，表示“所……的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 22．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 23．Ten percent of life is what happens to you and ninety percent is you respond to it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：生活的百分之十是发生在你身上的事，百分之九十是你如何应对它。空处引导名词性从句作表语，结合句意可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“如何，怎样”，应用连接副词how作引导词。故填how。 24．Jane attends Opportunities Academy, a program for young adults with disabilities. This was they learned about how to care about others. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：简参加了“机遇学院”项目，这是一个为有残疾的年轻成年人设立的项目。在这里，他们学习了如何关心他人。空处位于系动词was后引导表语从句，结合句意可知，从句中缺少地点状语，表示在Opportunities Academy这个项目中，应用where引导从句。故填where。 25．Experts say that students' realization if they don’t work hard they will be left behind by others helps them a lot in their study. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：专家说，学生们意识到如果他们不努力学习，他们就会落后于别人，这在学习上帮助了他们很多。分析句子结构可知，“student’s realization”为先行词，“if they don’t work hard they will be left behind others”是对“realization”具体内容的解释说明，此为同位语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，应用that引导。故填that。 26．It remains unknown these social changes have resulted in diverse household patterns. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前尚不清楚这些社会变化是否导致了多样的家庭模式。这个句子是it作形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句中成份是完整的，结合句意可知缺少“是否”的意思，应用whether引导从句。故填whether。 27． the new mayor will take office hasn’t been made public yet. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】When 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新市长何时上任还没有公布。空处引导主语从句，表达“何时上任”之意，用连接副词when引导；句首单词首字母大写。故填When。 28．The 4G cell-phone must be of great use to wants to get the information through the Internet quickly. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：4G手机对于任何想要通过互联网快速获取信息的人来说都是非常有用的。分析句子结构可知，空处填宾语从句连接词，to后缺宾语（人），wants to get the information这一从句缺主语，故用whoever相当于anyone who，综上，故填whoever。 29．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is he never finishes anything. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：恐怕他只是个空谈而不是实干家，这就是他做事从不完成的原因。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，结合句意，填连接副词why，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 30． the two trains crashed into each other still remains unknown, but the police say that it could be due to the heavy snow. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】Why 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：两列火车相撞的原因尚不清楚，但警方表示，这可能是由于大雪。空处引导主语从句，从句成份完整，结合下文“it could be due to the heavy snow”可知，此处是指原因，应用连接副词why作引导词。故填Why。 题型一 语法填空 【来源】2025届上海市七宝中学高三下学期5月测试英语试题 Moving to a new place can be terrifying, but volunteering offers a great way to adapt, meet locals, and gain skills. That’s 1 we’re spotlighting Kajal Patil, a volunteer who moved and found volunteer opportunities on VolunteerMatch to make an impact in her new community. Kajal moved to the United States from India in February 2017. 2 (volunteer) for two years as an assistant yoga teacher in her home country, Kajal was enthusiastic about volunteering and began looking for volunteer opportunities that match her interests on VolunteerMatch. “I enjoy volunteering and it’s great to have such meaningful experiences in life,” says Kajal. Kajal was drawn to a volunteer opportunity with the Meridian International Center 3 (review) applications on behalf of the Young Leaders of the Americas Initiative (YLAI). Kajal had previous experience working with the markets 4 candidates were applying, and the position also afforded her the opportunity to work remotely. After connecting with the opportunity on VolunteerMatch and successfully 5 (complete) the application process, Kajal got to work. Her role involved reviewing 44 in-depth applications from potential candidates across Latin America and the Caribbean for a four-week fellowship in the U. S. She was responsible for describing the business ideas presented by these candidates, assessing the social impact of their businesses, and determining the strength of candidates to carry out their plans. 6 almost 4, 000 applicants in 2017, Meridian International Center considers volunteers like Kajal to be integral members of the team. With help from volunteers, now 250 candidates 7 (select) to take part in the program and will travel to the U. S. this fall. Kajal says that this volunteer opportunity super-charged her existing skills, while helping her build new 8 such as time management, business analysis, decision-making, planning, and presenting. She is looking for her next volunteer opportunity and reflects positively on her experience with Meridian International Center. “By helping others, I felt needed in society. Not only did it boost my self-esteem, other people benefited too. ” 9 you recently moved to a new place or are looking to make an impact in your current community, find a volunteer opportunity to empower 10 — and others — on VolunteerMatch. 【答案】 1．why 2．Having volunteered 3．to review 4．where 5．completing 6．With 7．have been selected 8．ones 9．Whether 10．yourself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Kajal Patil通过VolunteerMatch平台找到志愿者机会，在新社区中适应环境、结识当地人并提升技能的故事。 1．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么我们要关注Kajal Patil，一位通过VolunteerMatch找到志愿者机会，并在新社区中产生影响的志愿者。“_____1_____ we’re spotlighting Kajal Patil”为表语从句，根据空格的上下文内容可知，空前“搬家可怕但志愿服务是好方法”是原因，空后“我们关注Kajal”是结果，即为什么我们要关注Kajal Patil这个志愿者，所以应用连接副词why来引导。故填why。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：此前Kajal在国内做了两年的助理瑜伽老师，对志愿服务充满热情，并开始在VolunteerMatch上寻找与自己兴趣相匹配的志愿者机会。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是完整的句子，且无其它连词，所以volunteer应用非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语Kajal构成主动关系，且结合后文“for two years”可知动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以应用现在分词的完成式作状语，表示主动和先后关系，又句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having volunteered。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：Kajal被一个为Meridian国际中心审查美洲青年领袖计划（YLAI）申请的志愿者机会所吸引。根据语意可知，“被吸引到一个志愿者机会”的目的是“审查申请”，所以应用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity。故填to review。 4．考查定语从句。句意：Kajal之前有与市场合作过的经验，这些市场正是候选人申请的地方，而且这个职位也让她有机会远程工作。空格处引导的为定语从句，修饰先行词markets，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在VolunteerMatch上找到这个机会并成功完成申请流程后，Kajal开始工作。介词after后应接动名词作宾语，根据空前的and可知，此处应与connecting并列，用动名词形式。故填completing。 6．考查介词。句意：2017年，Meridian国际中心有近4000名申请人，他们认为像Kajal这样的志愿者是团队中不可或缺的成员。此处为with的复合结构作伴随状语，表示“有……”，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填With。 7．考查动词时态语态。句意：在志愿者的帮助下，现在有250名候选人被选中参加该项目，并将于今年秋天前往美国。分析句子结构可知，select在句中作谓语，根据空后的“will travel to the U. S. this fall”和空前的“now”可知，select的动作已完成，所以应用现在完成时，主语candidates与select之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，主语为复数名词，所以助动词用have。故填have been selected。 8．考查代词。句意：Kajal说，这个志愿者机会极大地提升了她现有的技能，同时也帮助她培养了新的技能，如时间管理、商业分析、决策、规划和展示。空格处应用代词ones作build的宾语，指代上文提到的可数名词复数skills，以避免重复。故填ones。 9．考查状语从句。句意：无论你是最近搬到一个新地方，还是希望在当前社区中产生影响，都可以在VolunteerMatch上找到一个志愿者机会，赋予自己 —— 以及他人 —— 力量。根据语意可知，此处应用whether...or...结构来表示“无论……还是……”，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Whether。 10．考查反身代词。句意：同上。空格处作动词empower的宾语，且与主语you指代相同，应用反身代词yourself，与后面的others对应。故填yourself。 题型二 句子翻译（名词性从句运用） 1．为什么他对发生在朋友身上的事情总是一无所知？(how come) (汉译英) 【答案】How come he always knows nothing about what happens to his friends? 【详解】考查时态、固定短语和名词性从句。根据汉语语境可知，句子陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。“为什么，怎么会这样”可使用固定短语“how come”；“他对发生在朋友身上的事情总是一无所知”可使用“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句”的结构来表达，其中，“对……一无所知”可使用固定短语“know nothing about…”，“发生在某人身上的事情”可使用固定短语“sth. happen to sb.”，即“he always knows nothing about what happens to his friends”。句子可使用“how come”开头，后接“he always knows nothing about what happens to his friends”。故整句话可译为：How come he always knows nothing about what happens to his friends? 2．疏散过程中无一人受伤的好消息令市长如释重负。(load) (汉译英) 【答案】The good news that no one was injured during the evacuation took a load off the mayor’s mind. 【详解】考查同位语从句、名词和动词（短语）。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，整个句子可处理为主从复合句；主句“好消息令市长如释重负”中主语“好消息”可用名词短语the good news，“令某人如释重负”可用动词短语take a load off one’s mind，“市长”应用名词the mayor；“疏散过程中无一人受伤”是“好消息”的具体内容，可用that引导名词性从句，作news的同位语，从句中主语“无一人”可用代词no one，“受伤”可用动词injure的被动语态，be动词应用was，“疏散过程中”可用介词短语during the evacuation。故可译为：The good news that no one was injured during the evacuation took a load off the mayor’s mind. 3．尽管困难重重，我们依然怀着能活着出去的希望，绝不放弃。（汉译英） 【答案】Despite the overwhelming odds, we clung to the hope that we would make it out alive and refused to give up. 【详解】考查介词和同位语从句。陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“尽管”为介词“despite”；“困难重重”为“the overwhelming odds”，作despite的宾语。“怀着……希望”为动宾短语“cling to the hope ”；hope后接同位语从句，从句句意和结构完整，用连接词that引导。“我们能活着出去”为“we would make it out alive”；“绝不放弃”为“refuse to give up”。故翻译为：Despite the overwhelming odds, we clung to the hope that we would make it out alive and refused to give up. 4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。 （what）（汉译英） 【答案】What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal /cope with problems in real life. 【详解】考查主语从句和固定短语。根据句意，此处描述的是客观事实，所以使用全句使用一般现在时；结合句意，主语为what引导的主语从句；表示“游戏的独特之处”翻译为he game unique；本句为主系表结构，is后接表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。“处理”为deal /cope with；“帮助某人做某事”为help sb do sth；表示“它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题”翻译为it helps children learn how to deal /cope with problems in real life。故翻译为What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal /cope with problems in real life. 5．让科学家们忧心忡忡的是可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求。（concern）（汉译英） 【答案】What concerns scientists is that although renewable energy is promising, its development and application have not kept up with demand. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、让步状语从句和动词短语。根据句意，“让科学家们忧心忡忡”是现在的状态，主句使用一般现在时；“开发和运用速度尚未跟上”是从过去持续到现在的情况，从句使用现在完成时。表示“让科学家们忧心忡忡的”为主语从句作主语，从句中缺少主语，指事情，所以使用连接代词what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“忧心忡忡”为concern，主语What视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“科学家们”为scientists作宾语，所以主语从句可译为What concerns scientists；表示“是”为be动词，用单数形式，所以be动词为is作主句的谓语；表示“可再生能源虽被看好，但开发和运用速度尚未跟上需求”为表语从句，表语从句中不缺句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导表语从句，无实义；表语从句中包含although引导的让步状语从句，表示“可再生能源”为renewable energy作主语，“被看好”为is promising作谓语，所以，状语从句可译为although renewable energy is promising；表示“开发和运用”为development and application作表语从句中主句的主语，表示“尚未跟上”为现在完成时的否定形式have not kept up with作谓语，表示“需求”为demand作宾语，所以表语从句中的主句可译为its development and application have not kept up with demand。故翻译为What concerns scientists is that although renewable energy is promising, its development and application have not kept up with demand. 6．很多人，尤其喜剧演员和编剧，都认为喜剧的内核是悲剧，这不足为奇。（It）（汉译英） 【答案】It is (comes as) no surprise that many people, especially comedians and screenwriters (scriptwriters) believe the core of comedy is tragedy. 【详解】考查时态、主语从句、宾语从句。表示“……不足为奇”用固定句型“It is (comes as) no surprise that...”，其中It作形式主语，that引导主语从句，句子描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，be动词用is；表示“很多人，尤其喜剧演员和编剧”用many people, especially comedians and screenwriters (scriptwriters)，作主语从句的主语；表示“认为”用believe，作主语从句的谓语，句子描述的是一般性事实，用一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形，主语从句不缺少成分或含义，用that。believe后用宾语从句；宾语从句中：表示“喜剧的内核是悲剧”用the core of comedy is tragedy，句子描述的是一般性事实，用一般现在时，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导，或省略that。故翻译为It is (comes as) no surprise that many people, especially comedians and screenwriters (scriptwriters) believe the core of comedy is tragedy. 7．要保持健康，最重要的是要有均衡的饮食，充足的睡眠以及要规律地运动。（matter） 【答案】To keep/stay healthy/fit, what matters most is (to have) a balanced diet, enough sleep and regular exercise. 【详解】考查动词不定式、主语从句和名词短语。根据句意，该句描述客观建议，使用一般现在时。表示“保持健康”可用keep/stay healthy或fit，此处为目的状语，所以“要保持健康”为动词不定式短语to keep/stay healthy/fit，位于句首单词首字母需大写；表示“重要”为matter，此处为主语从句作状语，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用连接代词what作主语，且谓语动词用单数，“最”为most，所以表示“最重要的是”为主语从句what matters most作主语；表示“均衡的饮食”为balanced diet，“充足的睡眠”为enough sleep，“规律的运动”为regular exercise，作表语，and连接名词短语，所以，表示“要有均衡的饮食，充足的睡眠以及要规律地运动”为is (to have) a balanced diet, enough sleep and regular exercise，其中不定式to have可省略。故翻译为To keep/stay healthy/fit, what matters most is (to have) a balanced diet, enough sleep and regular exercise. 8．这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载，如今重返故里，惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英) 【答案】After decades of living far from home, the aged physicist returned to his hometown, only to be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy. 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和从句。根据中文提示可知，表示“背井离乡数十载(后)”应用After decades of living far from home，为介词短语作状语，其中 living far from home(离乡)为动名词作宾语；表示“这位年迈的物理学家”应用the aged physicist ，为名词短语作主语；表示“重返故里”应用returned to his hometown，时态用一般过去时表示过去情况；表示“惊觉(景象)”应用only to be struck by the sight，其中be struck by表“惊觉”， only to do sth.，为不定式短语表示出乎意料的结果；表示“当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖”应用that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy，为同位语从句解释说明the sight，其中he had planted with his own hands(当年手植的)为定语从句修饰前面名词the small tree，a towering one with a thick, shady canopy(一棵有着浓密阴凉树冠的大树)，为名词短语作宾语，这里时态都用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”概念。故翻译为After decades of living far from home, the aged physicist returned to his hometown, only to be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his own hands had grown into a towering one with a thick, shady canopy. 9．专家们提醒我们，无论忙碌还是空闲，都不应该用无意义的娱乐活动取代阅读。(remind; replace) (汉译英) 【答案】Experts remind us that whether (we are) busy or free, we shouldn’t replace reading with meaningless/ pointless entertainment. 【详解】考查时态、宾语从句和状语从句。句子描述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主句主语“专家们”experts，位于句首，首字母大写，“提醒某人某事”应用remind sb. that...，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形remind，“我们”us，作remind的宾语，后接that引导的宾语从句；从句中“无论忙碌还是空闲”应用whether...or...引导让步状语从句，从句中主语“我们”we，系动词“是”are，“忙碌”busy，“空闲”free，从句主语与主句主语一致，又含有be动词，从句中主语和be可以省略；宾语从句中主语“我们”we，“不应该”shouldn’t，“用……取代……”replace...with...，“阅读”reading，“无意义的娱乐活动”meaningless/ pointless entertainment。故翻译为Experts remind us that whether (we are) busy or free, we shouldn’t replace reading with meaningless/ pointless entertainment. 10．这个博物馆的奇妙之处在于将乡村的变迁，时光的痕迹，童年的回忆，融合到一个固定的空间里。 (what)（汉译英） 【答案】What makes this museum wonderful is that it integrates the changes in the countryside, the marks of time, and the memories of childhood into a fixed space. 【详解】考查主语从句和短语。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用what；表示“使……”可用make+宾语+宾补，宾语为this museum，形容词wonderful作宾补；后跟表语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意故用that引导；主语为it；表示“融合”用integrate…into…；表示“乡村的变迁”为the changes in the countryside；表示“时光的痕迹”为the marks of time；表示“童年的回忆”为the memories of childhood；表示“一个固定的空间里”为a fixed space。陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为What makes this museum wonderful is that it integrates the changes in the countryside, the marks of time, and the memories of childhood into a fixed space. 2023上海秋考 King Mosi continued , “Just as you cannot tell me the number of seeds in the baobab fruit ,you cannot prove ( 25 )__________this land belongs to. His story is a reminder of ( 29 )__________wisdom can bring( 30 )__________ peace and harmony. 【答案】 25.who/whom 29.how 25.who/whom【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构，该空引导的宾语从句作prove 的宾语且该宾语从句中缺少宾语,结合上下文内容,这里需要填入一个指代人的关系代词,表示“土地属于谁”，故此处填入 who/whom。 29.how【解析】考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空处需要填入一个可以引导宾语从句的连词，且从句中不缺少主干成分，又根据相关句意推知，此处想要表述的是“他的故事给了我们一个关于智慧是如何带来和平与和谐的提醒”，how 有“如何”之意，故此处填入 how。 2023上海春考 (25)__________counts for Advisers is an ability to get on with young people and to put across the subject. Young Enterprise makes (28)__________ a rule that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations. 【答案】25. What 28. it 25. What 考查名词从句。这里使用名词从句"What counts for Advisers"引导一个主语从句，意为"对于顾问来说，重要的是……"。根据原文句子结构和语境判断。 28.it 考查代词。 "it"是代词，作为形式宾语代替后面that从句。真正宾语是"that the Advisers must come from a variety of business occupations"。 2022年秋考 An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ other businesses in the area are doing and how they succeed by conducting a competitive analysis. 26.what 【解析】考查宾语从句。该段回答的问题是“企业家如何识别商业前景”，根据后面的"how they succeed(他们是如何成功的)”可以推测出这里要表达的意思是“其他企业在做什么"，故填入what。句意:企业家可以通过进行竞争分析来确定该地区的其他企业在做什么以及他们是如何成功的。 2022年春考 People travel thousands of kilometers to see the aurora , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30) _______________do see it say that they will never forget it. 29.that [解析]考查宾语从句。根据 be sure 后面的 it will happen，判定从句作的是宾语的成分，故此处用 that 引导宾语从句，填入 that。句意:人们千里迢迢去看极光,却永远无法确定它是否会发生。 30.whoever [解析]考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知此句缺主语，而后面宾语从句的主语为 they，再结合前面提到的“人们千里迅通去看极光”，说明极光很受欢迎，可以推测出这里的句意为“但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它”，也就是“无论是谁看到了它都说永远不会忘记它”，故填入 whoever。句意:但是看到它的人都说他们永远不会忘记它。 2021年春考 This will allow you to see(29)________genres（类型）work for your group. 29. what [解析] 考查宾语从句。what引导的从句作see的宾语，也就是宾语从句。而且what是代词性质，在从句中也作从句主语genres的限制语。而且根据句意：“这将让你看到什么类型的作品为您的小组使用。”这里用what为正确答案。 2020年春考 Hun Hunahpús had his head cut off; a foretaste of (25) _________ would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game. 25. what 【解析】考查名词从句。本空后would become common practice for players unfortunate enough to lose a game从句缺主语，且本空在of后面，本空因此引导名词性从句，名词性从句缺主语，主语指事物的用what。 The story also supports the idea (30) _________ the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination. 30. that 【解析】考查名词性从句——同位语从句。空前The story also supports the idea，空后the ball game was sometimes used for the purposes of divination刚好是idea的内容，符合同位语从句的特征，故用同位语从句连接词that。句意：这个故事也支持了球类比赛有时被用于占卜的观点。 2019年秋考 Nature is full of wonders. In (21)__________ is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature, millions of baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal Orissa. 21.what [解析]考查宾语从句。根据句意:“在大自然中最令人叹为观止的景象之一数百万的里德利小海龟在奥里萨邦沿海的一个大型筑巢地从沙子下的蛋壳里钻了出来。”由此句意和结构分析可知，此处从句缺主语且做介词的宾语，故用 what，其相当于 something that。 2018年秋考 What we can say is that this is (23 )_______the brains look like of kids who spend a lot of time on screens. And it's not just one pattern. 23.what [解析]考查表语从句。what 在表语从句中充当 look like 的宾语。 2018年春考 I have seen (25) ______ vigorously they grow without me. 25.how[解析]考查宾语从句。seen 后面的句子主谓宾结构完整，根据句意知应为如何在没有我的情况下苗壮成长。 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$