UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Topic talk & Lesson 1（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(9)　A卷　基础巩固 [对应学生用书P190] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Instantly (instant)he saw me，he held out his hands. 2．As a Party member，I'll take the lead in everything. 3．Foxes started coming in from the surrounding(surround)countryside. 4．He was scared(scare)to cross the rickety bridge. 5．He hasn't enough money for food，let alone amusements. 6．Much importance is attached to the development of the individual self. 7．He could not account for his absence from school. 8．Make sure that you put down every word she says. 9．I hope we have brought an end to our arguments. 10．We must telephone our congratulations(congratulate)to the happy couple. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．Child as he is，he knows how to help others. 他虽是个孩子，却知道如何帮助别人。 2．Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives. 告诉他，他一到我就要见他。 3．This is a house surrounded with trees and flowers． 这是花草树木环绕周围的房子。 4．His face was white and he looked scared to death． 他脸色苍白，看起来吓得要死。 5．On no condition do I make an apology to him. 我决不向他道歉。 Ⅲ.阅读理解 The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice. Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering(爆裂)sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. “In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to(屈从于)public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect towards public opinion，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher. “As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang. “I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗正在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。 1．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage? A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years. B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival. C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits. D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldn't be seen almost anywhere. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见。] 2．What Li Shunzhi said implies ． A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day A　[细节理解题。根据第四段内容可推知，哈尔滨的这位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异。] 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival. B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family. C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival. D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area. B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up...”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us”可推知， Zhang Hui习惯和家人一起过春节。] 4．What does the whole passage show? A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before. B．The Spring Festival is outdated now. C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities. D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West. C　[主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象。] Ⅳ.七选五 We all have times in our lives when we just have too many things to deal with. 1 Well, that's crazy, because if you get ill then you're going to be able to do nothing. Here are some ideas to take care of yourself. 2 Living with clutter(杂乱)and never being able to find what you need when you need it causes stress. Take time to develop a system and then use it. Instead of keeping all the things you need to do in your head, write them down on a piece of paper. Devote 30 minutes per day to personal development materials. 3 And negative ones will disappear. If we want to be successful in work and life, we need to develop the habit of feeding our minds in a positive way. So take in good inspiring information. Say no to anything that is not important to you. Give yourself permission to concentrate on what's important. Getting the unessential, tiresome responsibilities off your schedule will give you more time and space. 4 Take 5­minute mini­breaks every hour. 5 So no matter how efficiently you work, you should always let your mind wander or end up spending time doing other things when you try to keep going hour after hour. Instead, break up each hour by getting up from your chair and walking outside to take a 5­minute break. A．Get organized. B．Write a daily gratitude list. C．You can't stay focused all the time. D．Fill your minds with positive thoughts. E．Besides, it will reduce the pressure that you feel. F．As a result, we often forget to look after ourselves. G．Eating healthily is one of the most sensible things you can do for yourself. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章指出在我们的生活中，都有很多事情要处理的时候，而这带来的结果就是我们经常忘记要照顾好我们自己。文章就如何照顾自己提出了四点建议。 1．F　[根据上文“We all have times in our lives when we just have too many things to deal with.”可知在我们的生活中，都有很多事情要处理的时候。而这带来的结果就是，我们经常忘记要照顾好我们自己。] 2．A　[根据后文“Living with clutter(杂乱)and never being able to find what you need when you need it causes stress.”可知生活杂乱，当你需要的时候却总是找不到你需要的东西，这会给你带来压力。可推测上文是建议要有条理有序。] 3．D　[根据下文“And negative ones will disappear.”可知让你的大脑充满积极的想法，消极的想法就会消失。] 4．E　[根据上文“Getting the unessential, tiresome responsibilities off your schedule will give you more time and space.”可知把那些不必要的、烦人的事情从你的日程表上删除会给你更多的时间和空间。此外，它还会减轻你的压力。] 5．C　[根据上文“Take 5­minute mini­breaks every hour.” 每小时休息5分钟。是因为你不能一直都专注于一件事情。] 课时作业(9)　B卷　素能提升 [对应学生用书P193] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Winter solstice(冬至), an important solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar, as the name implies, means the coming of winter. It generally occurs between December 21st and 23rd. According to the traditional Chinese calendar, one year is divided into twenty­four solar terms. On this day, in the Northern Hemisphere the period of daytime is the shortest of the year and the period of night is the longest. In Northern China there is a custom of eating dumplings during winter solstice. The tradition of eating dumplings during winter solstice has its origin in early times. It is said that dumplings were invented by Zhang Zhongjing, a well­known doctor from the Eastern­Han Dynasty. One winter, he noticed that many people's ears were frozen, which made him sad. In order to prevent and cure the freezing injury caused by the cold, he asked his followers to boil mutton, chilies and other ingredients with medicinal properties in a pot for fending off cold. After these were boiled, they ladled(舀取)the mutton and other ingredients out of the pot, cut them into pieces, and then wrapped them with dough skins in the shape of ears. Afterward, they put these into pots to boil again. On the day of the winter solstice, the people whose ears were frozen were sent to eat the dumplings. People who ate it felt warm from head to toe and had their cold injury healed. Thereafter, every winter solstice people ate dumplings. Then there became a saying that if you eat dumplings during the winter solstice, then you won't freeze your ears off. Afterwards, Zhang Zhongjing died on the day of winter solstice. In order to honor him, every year on the day of the winter solstice every household makes dumplings. [语篇解读]　本文介绍了冬至华北地区习惯吃饺子的由来。“医圣”张仲景发明了“祛寒娇耳汤”来预防和治疗冻伤，以后就成了冬至吃饺子耳朵不会冻坏的习俗，后来人们为了纪念张仲景每年冬至就吃饺子。 1．Which of the following should be the best title of the passage? A．The Custom of Eating Dumplings B．The Inventor of Dumplings C．The Importance of Eating Dumplings D．The Origin of Winter Solstice A　[标题判断题。本文主要讲述在冬至那天华北地区吃饺子的习俗。本文第一段是冬至的起源、华北地区有冬至吃饺子的习俗、张仲景发明的饺子、冬至吃饺子的由来。A. 吃饺子的习俗；B.饺子的发明者；C.吃饺子的重要性；D.冬至的起源。分析选项可知B、C、D三项是文中的细节，是为A服务的。所以A项是最合适的标题。] 2．According to the passage, which is TRUE about the following description? A．Winter solstice is the most important among twenty­four solar terms. B．Australia in the Southern Hemisphere has the longest period of daytime on Winter Solstice. C．If people don't eat dumplings, they will have their ears frozen off. D．China has the longest period of daytime on Winter Solstice. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“On this day, in the Northern Hemisphere the period of daytime is the shortest of the year and the period of night is the longest.”可知，在这一天，在北半球白天的时间是一年中最短的，夜晚的时间是最长的。而澳大利亚在南半球，所以冬至这一天白天时间最长。] 3．What does the underlined phrase “fending off” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Put off.　　　　　　　　　　 B．Put out. C．Keep up. D．Keep out. D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，张仲景为了预防和治疗寒冷引起的冻伤，他要人们把各种食材放入锅内煮以此来御寒，故画线词fending off意为“抵挡”。A. Put off意为“推迟，延期”；B. Put out意为“熄灭，扑灭”；C. Keep up意为“保持，继续”；D. Keep out.意为“(使)留在外面；挡住”。] 4．According to the passage, people make dumplings to eat every winter solstice because ． A．they want to honor Zhang Zhongjing, who invented dumplings to cure people's freezing injury B．they want to celebrate the important solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar C．dumplings boiled with mutton, chilies and other ingredients with medicinal properties taste delicious D．they can feel warm from head to toe and have their freezing injury healed A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Zhang Zhongjing died on the day of winter solstice. In order to honor him, every year on the day of the winter solstice every household makes dumplings.”(张仲景在冬至那天去世了。为了纪念他，每年冬至的时候，每家每户都包饺子。)可知，人们在冬至这一天包饺子是为了纪念张仲景。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Not long before, my daughter's shoes were scratched(划破)with a knife. She burst into tears. I took them to the shoemaker's. The young apprentice(学徒)glanced at the 1 and said，“Nothing I can do except replace the upper.” His master looked at them and said, “If you 2 me, I will add more scratches on both the shoes.” I was 3 and asked why. He explained, “As if the opening were made on purpose for a special style.” I didn't fully understand him, but I decided to leave the shoes. Two days later I dropped by from work to 4 the shoes. I found more scratches on each shoe; all the openings were patched(缝补)by soft red leather; the stitches(针脚)were twisted with the appearance looking more 5 and interesting than ever. I couldn't help praising the master's 6 ． Another time, my sister's blouse was torn, leaving a large opening. My wife checked it 7 ， and then said，“Let me take it home and 8 it.” Three days later, seeing it again, I was greatly 9 ： all the torn parts took on a look of ice crystal(水晶); attached to it was a snowman made of flowery rags. I sighed with 10 ，“It's amazing！” “I was on purpose by that shoemaker. Patches are considered to be 11 ， but a skillful craftsman(工匠) can make it take on a kind of 12 ．”replied my wife. Her words inspired me more: perfection is impossible to achieve in 13 ； patches appear in the form of injury, disability or disease. Since you can't change the existence of wound, you should not 14 people's sympathy by disclosing the wound, which is meaningless. Just sew the 15 by patches and produce a most beautiful flower on it, and that is the significance of life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由修鞋师傅给女儿修鞋和妻子补衬衫领悟到了生命的意义——生活中不应该通过揭露伤口来指望别人的同情，而应该用一块块补丁把伤口缝起来，然后在上面绣上一朵最美的花。 1．A.scar　　　　　　　　　　 　 B．opening C．hole D．mark B　[根据上文中“Not long before, my daughter's shoes were scratched(划破)with a knife.”可知，作者女儿的鞋被刀划破了。因此作者去鞋匠铺修鞋的时候，学徒看着鞋上的开口(opening)。scar伤疤；hole洞穴；mark标记。] 2．A.tell B．show C．agree D．trust D　[根据本空后“I will add more scratches on both the shoes”可知，修鞋师傅说“如果你信得过(trust)我，我要在这双鞋上再加一些划痕。”tell告诉；show展示；agree同意。] 3．A. delighted B．confused C．excited D．astonished B　[根据本空后“and asked why”可知，我很疑惑(confused)，问他为什么，delighted高兴的；excited兴奋的；astonished吃惊的。] 4．A.bring B．collect C．see D．return B　[根据本空后“I found more scratches on each shoe”可知，两天后我下班时顺道过来取(collect)鞋。bring带来；see看见；return返还。] 5．A. successful B．skillful C．attractive D．positive C　[根据本空后“and interesting than ever”可知，修好的鞋比原来更有吸引力(attractive)和有趣了。successful成功的；skillful熟练的；positive积极的。] 6．A.skill B．drill C．performance D．strength A　[上文说修好后的鞋比原来更有吸引力和有趣了，所以我不禁称赞修鞋师傅的技术(skill)。drill训练；performance表演；strength力量。] 7．A.anxiously B．suddenly C．carefully D．delightedly C　[妻子仔细(carefully)检查我姐姐衬衫上的大口子，然后说“让我拿家去修补吧”。anxiously焦虑地；suddenly突然；delightedly高兴地。] 8．A.wash B．iron C．save D．mend D　[根据上文“my sister's blouse was torn, leaving a large opening”可知，妻子要把我姐姐划破的衬衫拿回家修补(mend)。wash洗；iron熨；save节省。] 9．A.puzzled B．disappointed C．surprised D．touched C　[根据本空后“all the torn parts took on a look of ice crystal(水晶); attached to it was a snowman made of flowery rags”可知，妻子修补好的衬衫所有的碎片都变成了水晶，还有一个用破布做成的雪人，这让我感到很惊讶(surprised)。puzzled困惑的；disappointed失望的；touched感动的。] 10．A.anger B．regret C．praise D．care C　[根据本空后“It's amazing！”可知，我称赞道(praise)“太神奇了”。] 11．A.common B．beautiful C．ugly D．rare C　[补丁被认为是丑陋的(ugly)。common常见的；beautiful美丽的；rare稀有的。] 12．A.difference B．perfection C．newness D．change B　[根据本空前“but a skillful craftsman(工匠)”可知，技术娴熟的工匠可以让它呈现出一种完美(perfection)。difference差异；完美；newness崭新；change变化。] 13．A.future B．mind C．life D．place C　[根据本空前“perfection is impossible to achieve in”可知，在生活中(life)很难做到完美。future未来；mind思维；place地方。] 14．A.treat B．accept C．ignore D．expect D　[既然你不能改变伤口的存在，你就不应该通过揭露伤口来指望(expect)人们的同情。treat对待；accept接受；ignore忽视。] 15．A.wound B．pain C．injury D．disability A　[用一块块补丁把伤口(wound)缝起来，然后在上面绣上一朵最美的花，这就是生命的意义。pain痛苦；injury伤害；disability残疾。] Ⅲ.语法填空 There are all kinds of 1. (celebrate) throughout the world. Festivals of the dead are held to honor the dead or to make the ancestors 2. (satisfy). Festivals can also be held to honor famous people. For example in China, the DragonBoat Festival honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Among all the festivals, the most 3. (energy) and important one is Chinese New Year, also 4. (call) Spring Festival, which has more than 4，000 years of history. Being one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it is 5. grandest and most important festival for Chinese people. Most employees in China have 6. least seven days off work, including three days' legal holiday, 7. students take one month absence from school.In the past people 8. (observe) the Spring Festival to fight against the monster Nian liking to eat children and domestic animals. The monster was afraid of red color and loud sound. Therefore, people decorated their houses in red and let off fireworks to scare it away. The Spring Festival is the time 9. (make) everybody happy. So don't say any bad words or do anything that will bring 10. (unhappy) to other people. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的传统节日端午节和春节，尤其详细说明了年的来历。 1．celebrations　[考查名词复数。句意：世界各地都有各种各样的庆祝活动。设空处被all kinds of修饰，用名词复数，所以填celebrations。] 2．satisfied　[考查形容词。句意：举行亡灵节是为了纪念死者或使祖先满意。设空处应用形容词作make的宾补，表示人感到满意的，故填satisfied。] 3．energetic　[考查形容词。句意：在所有的节日中，最有活力和最重要的是中国新年，也叫春节，它有4 000多年的历史。设空处和important并列作定语修饰one，应用形容词，故填energetic。] 4．called　[考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词Chinese New Year作定语，和定语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填called。] 5．the　[考查冠词。句意：作为中国的传统节日之一，它是中国人民最盛大、最重要的节日。设空处后为形容词最高级，应用定冠词the修饰，故填the。] 6．at　[考查介词。句意：在中国，大多数员工至少有7天的假期，其中包括3天的法定假期，而学生则有一个月的假期。短语at least，意为“至少”，符合句意，故填at。] 7．while　[考查连词。句意同上。设空处连接两个并列的句子，根据句意，可知前后表对比，故填while。] 8．observed　[考查动词的时态。句意：在过去，人们庆祝春节来对抗喜欢吃孩子和家畜的怪兽——年。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语In the past，可知应用一般过去时，故填observed。] 9．to make　[考查非谓语动词。句意：春节是让每个人都开心的时候。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词作定语，表目的，应用不定式，故填to make。] 10．unhappiness　[考查名词。句意：所以不要说任何不好的话或做任何会给别人带来不快乐的事情。设空处作宾语，应用名词形式，故填unhappiness。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$