UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing & Other Parts（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

课时梯级训练(十九)　Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing & Other Parts Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．He took a few deep breaths to_calm(calm) himself down. 2．A man in the river was shouting and waving(wave) his arms around desperately. 3．The first thing that struck(strike) me was the fact that I was the only girl present. 4．Not all people are aware of the various effects(effect) of global warming on Earth. 5．The company decided to_supply(supply) the local schools with multimedia equipment. 6．On March 8，the three­foot­tall robot made its first delivery(deliver) to some lucky residents. 7．Nanning Bridge，at a length(long) of 1，314 meters，is over Yongjiang River. 8．The village was_swept(sweep) away when the dam burst；as a result，many people became homeless. 9．The following is a summary(summarize) of our conclusions. 10．If cancers are spotted early，there is a high chance of survival(survive). Ⅱ.赏句猜义 1．I will do everything in my power to help you. 能力 2．He felt a tap on his shoulder and turned round. 轻拍 3．The kettle began to whistle. 鸣叫；发出笛声 4．An awful thought has just struck me. 突然想到 5．When it was my turn to deliver a speech，I was so nervous and embarrassed. 发表 Ⅲ.根据本单元所学知识完成句子 1．我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从他的自行车上摔了下来。(was doing ...when ...) I_was_walking_in_the_street_when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 2．为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。(make it＋adj.＋to do) To make_it_easier_to_get_in_touch_with_us，you'd better keep this card at hand. 3．提供多达五门课程，你可以自由选择最适合你的那一门。(as many as) As_many_as_five_courses_are_provided，and you are free to choose whichever suits you best. 4．我代表学生会写信邀请你参加我们关于如何在学校进行垃圾分类的会议。(carry out) On behalf of the Students' Union，I'm writing to invite you to our meeting on how_to_carry_out garbage classification at school. 5．他突然想起来该如何处理这个问题。(it作形式主语) It_suddenly_struck_him how he could deal with the problem. Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2025·苏州高一检测)Rogues(疯狗浪)，called “extreme storm waves” by scientists，are large，unexpected，and dangerous waves that are at least twice as high as the other waves around them.These abnormal waves，which happen every day and all over the world，are highly unpredictable and can destroy ships that meet with them. Rogue waves appear to form when large rough waves pass through one another，combining to form huge “walls of water”．However，why and where they appear is unclear.But using 700 years' ocean data including historical records and data from buoys(浮标) in 158 locations around the world，researchers have now created a system for predicting these “huge beasts”． “They are caused by many factors that，until now，have not been combined into a single risk assessment，” said lead author Dion Häfner.Häfner and his co­workers mapped the factors that may lead to rogue waves and used AI to make a single model that could determine the possibility that a rogue wave will form. The team trained a network using historical wave data.This created a system that learned the causes of rogue waves by itself and could work to predict them.But the AI's methods were hidden in a black box.This means scientists couldn't know how the AI worked.So Häfner's team applied another form of machine learning，which produced an equation(方程式) when given data，rather than just a single prediction，helping the researchers to understand how the AI reached its predictions. “Our analysis shows that abnormal waves happen all the time.In fact，we recorded 100，000 waves that can be seen as rogue waves，” Häfner said.This system effectively shows the sign of a rogue wave，Häfner added，and can better protect ships from being destroyed as they sail around the world.Ship companies can use the system to predict when and where rogue waves might form and find another course. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By giving an example. B．By describing what it is about. C．By comparing it to something else. D．By making a guess. 2．What can the system do according to Paragraph 2? A．Catch huge sea creatures. B．Guide ships around in the sea. C．Prevent rogue waves from forming. D．Predict rogue waves. 3．According to Paragraph 4，what is the disadvantage of the AI's methods? A．They only show the results. B．They depend on too many factors. C．They make wrong predictions. D．They don't analyze data properly. 4．Häfner thinks that the system ________． A．requires more tests B．cannot be widely used C．needs further improvement D．has a promising future 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一种被科学家称为“极端风暴波”的巨大的、意想不到的、危险的海浪——“疯狗浪”，为了更好地保护在世界各地航行的船只免受破坏，研究人员发明了一个系统，该系统可以有效显示“疯狗浪”的迹象。 1．B　[解析]推理判断题。文章第一段“Rogues，called ‘extreme storm waves’ by scientists ...can destroy ships that meet with them.”描述了“疯狗浪”的特点、频率、规模和产生的危害。因此，作者主要通过对“疯狗浪”的具体介绍和描述引入话题。故选B。 2．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However，why and where they appear is unclear.But using ...created a system for predicting these ‘ huge beasts’．”可知，“疯狗浪”出现的原因和地点尚不清楚，因此，研究人员创建了一个系统来预测这些“巨兽”。故选D。 3．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But the AI's methods were hidden in a black box.This means scientists couldn't know how the AI worked.”可知，人工智能方法的内部工作原理对外部观察者来说是未知的，即科学家无法知晓人工智能是如何工作的，由此可推断，人工智能方法的缺点是其只显示结果，而不显示原理过程。故选A。 4．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据尾段中的“This system effectively shows ...to predict when and where rogue waves might form and find another course.”可知，他认为这个系统能有效显示异常海浪的迹象，可以更好地保护世界各地航行的船只免受破坏，由此可推断，Häfner认为这个系统有着很好的发展前景。故选D。 Ⅴ.七选五阅读 Staying Safe in a Vehicle Wildfires are common in dry，hot climates，but they can happen anywhere.1.______ If you ever find yourself facing the threat of a wildfire，it's important to know what to do to ensure that you and your family remain safe in a vehicle. Ensure that you can breathe.Once you're in a car，you'll need to ensure that the car is safely sealed from the smoke surrounding you.2.______ Drive if you can.If the vehicle runs and you're capable of driving it，then do so.But it's important to drive slowly and keep your headlights on，so that you can see your surroundings and anyone else on the road can see you.3.______ If the smoke is too thick to see，it may be safer to park and wait it out. Remain in the vehicle.If the smoke is too thick to see the road，or if you cannot drive the car for any reason，you should remain in the vehicle.4.______ You will be more likely to be injured or killed by leaving the vehicle than you would be if you remained inside. Know what to expect.5.______ Just remember that no matter what happens，if the fire surrounds the car you should not leave the vehicle.The temperature inside the vehicle will increase considerably.Don't worry—it's still safer inside the vehicle than outside. A．Don't drive through heavy traffic. B．Don't drive through heavy smoke. C．You need to break a window to enter the vehicle. D．It's important to know what to expect so that you do not panic. E．Most wildfires start small，often from human causes，but spread very quickly. F．This is crucial，since you will otherwise risk passing out from carbon monoxide(一氧化物). G．You can lie down on the floor of the vehicle and cover yourself with a blanket or coat，if possible. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在野外火灾中在车内保持安全的方法。 1．E　[解析]结合上下文可知，本段首先介绍了什么是野火，之后过渡到确保你和你的家人在车里保持安全，E项“大多数野火开始时都很小，通常是人为原因，但蔓延得很快。”符合本段主题。故选E。 2．F　[解析]本段主题是确保你在野火中能呼吸，F项“这是至关重要的，因为否则你会有因一氧化碳而昏倒的危险。”符合主题，进一步阐述了为什么要确保呼吸安全。故选F。 3．B　[解析]上文建议在野火中开车离开，下文提到“如果烟雾太浓，看不到，停车等着它散去可能会更安全”，B项“不要在浓烟中开车。”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 4．G　[解析]上文提到“由于任何原因不能开车离开野火区时，就待在车里”，G项“你可以躺在车上的地板上，如果可能的话，用毯子或外套盖住自己。”讲述了待在车里应该怎么做，符合语境。故选G。 5．D　[解析]结合“Know what to expect.(知道会发生什么。)”可知，D项“重要的是要知道会发生什么，这样你就不会惊慌。”是对上文的进一步解释，符合语境。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 (2025·三明高一检测)Natural disasters are one of the major 1.__________(problem) facing the world today，seriously affecting economic development and threatening the 2.__________(survive) of mankind. 2023 has broken temperature records 3.__________ seen record droughts，wildfires and floods around the world.Beijing experienced the heaviest rainfall in 140 years，causing widespread flooding.Heatwaves 4.__________(sweep) across Europe and forest fires erupted in North America.Experts warn that poverty(贫困) and inequality are worsening these disasters. People in the poorest areas are often 5.__________ greatest risk from extreme weather.They may live in places 6.__________ are more likely to be harmed by flooding and drought.They have 7.__________(few) resources to deal with damage and to recover from it.As a result，they suffer 8.__________(extreme) after disasters strike and may be pushed further into poverty. Fighting inequality for a resilient(有弹性的) future is the theme of 2023 International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction.UN Secretary­General António Guterres made a proposal that countries should work together 9.__________(break) the cycle of poverty and that every person on Earth should 10.__________(cover) by an early warning system by 2027. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2023年的灾害情况以及未来的应对措施。 1．problems　[解析]考查名词的数。problem为可数名词，此处为“one of＋可数名词复数”。故填problems。 2．survival　[解析]考查名词。作动词threaten的宾语，空处应用名词形式，survival为不可数名词。故填survival。 3．and　[解析]考查连词。结合前后文语境可知，broken与seen为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 4．swept　[解析]考查动词的时态。描述的是2023年发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填swept。 5．at　[解析]考查介词。最贫困地区的人们往往面临极端天气的最大风险。at risk“处于危险中”是固定表达。故填at。 6．which/that　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词places，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 7．fewer　[解析]考查形容词的比较等级。他们有更少的资源来处理损害并从中恢复。此处指“更少的资源”应用比较级。故填fewer。 8．extremely　[解析]考查副词。修饰动词suffer应用副词extremely，故填extremely。 9．to break　[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to break。 10．be covered　[解析]考查动词的语态。到2027年，地球上的每个人都应该被早期预警系统覆盖。此处主语person与cover构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形。故填be covered。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$