UNIT 1 Section Ⅴ Writing（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

课时梯级训练(八)　Section Ⅴ　Writing Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2025·浙东北联盟高一检测)Parents of teenagers often view their children's friends with distrust，worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers(同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous.Their worries hold_water．In a previous study，psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same­age passenger in the car is at higher risk of a fatal crash than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years，Steinberg examined the question of why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers.In a later study，by scanning(扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults，Steinberg found the brains of teenagers，but not adults，showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same­age peers.The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding，like eating a nice­tasting food，which make them feel satisfied.In this case，rewards are greater for teens，which motivates them to seek higher­risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side.In the latest study，Steinberg's team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information.It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers.They chose cards from four decks(牌堆)：two decks had “good” cards，and two “bad” ones.Players with peers were more willing to take risks，trying to figure out which decks could help them to win.The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior，learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens' keen sensitivity(敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education.“Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity，” wrote Sarah­Jayne Blakemore，a professor at University College London. 1．What do the underlined words “hold_water” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Make sense. B．Face doubts. C．Bring relief. D．Start debates. 2．What is the reason behind teens' dangerous behavior? A．Inability to tell right from wrong. B．A sense of satisfaction. C．Eagerness to follow their friends. D．Lack of social experience. 3．How does risk­taking affect teens in the latest study? A．It starts fights between them. B．It inspires them to question. C．It weakens their independence. D．It helps them to learn better. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A.Why Teenagers' Risky Behavior Are Affected B.The Role of Brain Activity in Teenage Decision Making C.The Effects of Social Media on Teenagers' Mental Health D.How Teenagers' Friends Affect Their Risky Behaviors and Learning 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年与同龄人在一起时更容易冒险的原因，并通过实验表明同龄人的影响也会促使青少年在学习方面取得更好的表现，专家建议利用青少年对朋友的敏感来改善教育。 1．A　[解析]词义猜测题。画线词上文提出了青少年父母的担忧，担心他们的孩子会被同龄人怂恿去做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情。下文用一项研究结论来说明青少年与同龄人在一起时更容易做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情，发生意外的可能性确实更高，所以“父母的担心是有道理的”，hold water与make sense意思相近，意为“有道理”。故选A。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding ...In this case，rewards are greater for teens，which motivates them to seek higher­risk experiences.”可知，青少年之所以会做出危险行为，是因为他们寻求奖励，寻求满足感，所以获得满足感是青少年危险行为背后的原因。故选B。 3．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior，learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone.”可知，最新的研究表明，与独自玩耍的青少年相比，与同龄人一起玩的青少年更愿意冒险，学得更快，表现更好。故选D。 4．D　[解析]标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要分析了青少年与同龄人在一起时更容易冒险的原因，并通过实验表明同龄人的影响也会促使青少年在学习方面取得更好的表现，专家建议利用青少年对朋友的敏感来改善教育，所以D项“青少年的朋友如何影响他们的危险行为和学习”是本文最好的标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读 Do you want to feel better，have more energy and even add years to your life？Just exercise.1.______ Here are some ways daily exercise can lead to a happier and healthier you. Exercise makes you energetic.Regular exercise can improve your muscle strength.Exercise delivers oxygen and nutrients to your body and helps your cardiovascular(心血管的) system work more efficiently.2.______ Exercise can help control your weight.When you take part in physical activity，you burn calories.Regular trips to the gym are great，but don't worry if you can't find a large amount of time to exercise every day.3.______ Exercise can be fun and social.It gives you a chance to relax and enjoy the outdoors.4.______ So take a dance class，go for a swim or join a soccer team.Find physical activity you enjoy in a fun and social setting，and just do it. 5．______ A gym tour or a walk can help.Physical activity stimulates(刺激) various brain chemicals that may leave you feeling happier，more relaxed and less anxious.You may also feel better about yourself when you exercise regularly，which can improve your confidence. A.You will benefit a lot from regular exercise. B．Need an emotional lift after a stressful day. C．Any amount of exercise is better than none at all. D．Regular exercise helps prevent many health problems. E．It is advised to take different kinds of exercise to keep fit. F．Exercise can also help you connect with friends and neighbors. G.When your heart and lung health improves，you will have more energy every day. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些日常锻炼可以让你更快乐、更健康。 1．A　[解析]上文提到“你想感觉更好，有更多的精力，甚至增加你的寿命吗？去锻炼。”，下文介绍锻炼的好处，可以推断空处为过渡句，点明锻炼对人有益。选项A“经常锻炼会使你受益匪浅”符合语境，且上下文语意连贯。故选A。 2．G　[解析]由上文“Regular exercise can improve ...work more efficiently.”可知，经常锻炼有益于心血管系统健康。选项G“当你的心肺健康改善时，你每天会有更多的精力”与上文内容相关，是上文的递进，选项中的energy呼应本段主旨句中的energetic。故选G。 3．C　[解析]由上文“Regular trips to the gym are ...to exercise every day.”可知，上文讲的是如果没有大量时间参加体育活动或健身也没关系，由此推断，只要坚持锻炼就好，不要在乎时间长短。选项C“任意量的运动总比不运动好”与上文内容相关。故选C。 4．F　[解析]本段主旨句“Exercise can be fun and social.”提到社交，下文提到“所以去上舞蹈课，去游泳或加入足球队吧”，可推断空处内容为锻炼可以帮助你社交。选项F“锻炼还可以帮助你与朋友和邻居建立联系”符合语境。故选F。 5．B　[解析]空处为本段主旨句。由下文可知，本段主要讲的是锻炼可以使你放松。选项B“在紧张的一天后需要情绪上的提升”能概括本段内容。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 At the end of August，I was proud to find out that I'd got into a top high school.At that moment，however，I didn't know 1.__________ terrible it would be at first. From the very first day of school I was anxious.I was always busy 2.__________(study) and I missed my friends very much.And I felt defeated because 3.__________ my low grades. In October，I got the chance 4.__________(speak) to one of the school seniors.“Happiness is achieved through hard work，” the senior encouraged me.As soon as I 5.__________(hear) these words I was deeply encouraged.I began to be hopeful and work 6.__________(hard) than before.I started spending hours on difficult questions，turned to teachers for help and never quit before 7.__________(challenge).Step by step，I've made progress and become 8.__________(confidence).I am sure that the future is in 9.__________(I) hands. My high school 10.__________(seem) like a mother to me，while I'm her most ordinary child.And she is always there waiting for me to come back with my dream achieved. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己刚开始高中生活时受到鼓舞后努力学习的经历。 1．how　[解析]考查副词。句意：然而，在那一刻，我不知道一开始它会有多可怕。分析句子结构可知，know后为感叹句作宾语，空后terrible是形容词，用副词how修饰。故填how。 2．studying　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：我总是忙于学习，并且我非常想念我的朋友。be busy (in) doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”。故填studying。 3．of　[解析]考查介词。句意：因为我的成绩不好，我感到很失败。短语because of意为“因为，由于”，后接名词。故填of。 4．to speak　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：10月，我有机会和一名高年级学生交谈。get the chance to do sth.意为“得到做某事的机会”。故填to speak。 5．heard　[解析]考查动词的时态。句意：我一听到这些话就深受鼓舞。根据后文was可知，用一般过去时。故填heard。 6．harder　[解析]考查副词的比较等级。句意：我开始充满希望，并且比以前更加努力学习。根据句意和句中关键词than可知，应用副词比较级修饰work。故填harder。 7．challenges　[解析]考查名词的数。句意：我开始花几个小时研究难题，向老师寻求帮助，在挑战面前从不放弃。challenge为可数名词，前面没有冠词，用名词的复数。故填challenges。 8．confident　[解析]考查形容词。句意：一步步地，我取得了进步，变得自信了。空前become为系动词，后接形容词作表语。故填confident。 9．my　[解析]考查代词。句意：我确信未来就在我的手中。空后的hands是名词，用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。 10．seems　[解析]考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：我的高中就像我的母亲，而我是她最普通的孩子。根据该段的时态和句意可知，空处用一般现在时。主语是my high school，用第三人称单数形式。故填seems。 Ⅳ.应用文写作 假定你是李华，你昨天收到好友Tom的来信，他说自己上了高中以后遇到诸多学习和生活问题，如感到孤独、不适应新环境、学习压力大等，请你给他写一封邮件，从以下两个方面提出建议： 1．学习方面； 2．课余生活方面。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [参考范文] Dear Tom， I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble with your high school life.However，the situation may be easy to change if you take my advice.Here are some tips to help you. First，you should be friendly to anyone you meet at school and try to make friends with them.Thus you will feel less lonely.In addition，take part in after­school activities as much as possible，which can make you familiar with your new school and get acquainted with more people.Third，you should study hard and have a good preparation for every class so that you can follow the teacher in class. I hope you will find these tips useful and I am looking forward to your good news. Yours， Li Hua Ⅴ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jenny was the only child in her family.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and ran out of the house angrily.She couldn't help crying when she thought of the scolding(责骂) from her mother.Getting around aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.She stood beside a stand(货摊) for a while，watching a middle­aged man busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she had to leave.The man behind the stand noticed Jenny and asked，“Hey，do you want to have the noodles？” “Oh，yes，but I don't have money，” she replied. “I'll treat you today，” said the man.He brought her a bowl of noodles，the smell so attractive.As she was eating，Jenny cried silently.“What is it？” asked the man kindly.“Actually I was just touched by your kindness！” said Jenny as she wiped her tears.“Even a stranger will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother drove me out of the house.” Hearing the words，the man smiled，“I only gave you a bowl of noodles.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your thankfulness to her？” Jenny sat there，speechless；she remembered her mother's familiar face.“A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful.Why haven't I thanked my mum for what she has done for me？” On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1： Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： A gentle touch on her head called her mind back. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Paragraph 1： Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.Tired and sad，she sat down in front of the house.“Where might my mother be？” she wondered.“Is she really so angry with me that she doesn't want to show any care for me？” Again，the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind.She remembered her rudeness to her mother，and she just realized that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her.Tears rolled down her cheeks. Paragraph 2： A gentle touch on her head called her mind back.She raised her head to see the familiar face and the worried eyes.“There you are! I've been looking for you，” came the tired voice.Jenny couldn't help but throw herself into her mother's arms.“I'm sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.” She expressed the sincere apology and the great gratitude to her mother.Her mother smiled and nodded her head，which meant she accepted her apology and forgave Jenny.Then she felt the hug tightened. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$