UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．castle n．城堡；堡垒 2．visa n．签证 3．rent vt.租用；出租 vi.租用；租金为 n．租金 4．source n．来源；出处 5．narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 6．flat adj.平坦的；扁平的 n．公寓；单元房 7．empire n．帝国 8．emperor n．皇帝 9．site n．地点；位置；现场 10．type n．类型；种类 vi.& vt.打字 11．flight n．空中航行；航班；航程 12．unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的 13．path n．小路；路线；道路 14．destination n．目的地；终点 15．brochure n．资料(或广告)手册 16．contact vt.联络；联系 n．联系；接触 17．soldier n．士兵；军人 18．transport n．(NAmE usually transportation)交通运输系统 vt.运输；运送 19．hike vi.徒步旅行 vt.去……远足 n．远足；徒步旅行 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．apply vi.& vt.申请；请求 vt.应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)→application n．申请(书)；应用→applicant n．申请人 2．pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李) vt.包装n.(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包→package n．包裹；包装盒 vt.将……包装好 3．amaze vt.使惊奇→amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的→amazement n．惊奇；惊愕；惊诧 4．arrange vt.& vi.安排；筹备→arrangement n.安排；筹备 5．extreme adj.极端的；极度的n.极端；极度→extremely adv.极其；非常 6．power n．能力；力量；权力→powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→powerless adj.无影响力的；无权的 7．office n．办公室→official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 n．官员；要员→officer n．军官；官员；高级职员 8．recognis(z)e vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n．承认；认可；识别 9．accommodate vt.为……提供住宿；容纳→accommodation n．住处；停留处；膳宿 10．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏→admirable adj.值得赞赏的 11．architect n．建筑设计师→architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学 12．civil adj.国民的；国家的；文明的；有礼貌的→civilize v．使文明→civilis(z)ation n．文明；文明世界 动词加后缀­ion构成名词。后缀­ion 表示“某一动作的过程、结果与状态，以及与该行为有关的事物”。 apply→application　accommodate→accommodation admire→admiration　recognis(z)e→recognition Ⅲ.短语互译 1．申请 apply_for 2．控制；接管 take_control_of 3．除……以外 other_than 4．构成；形成 make_up 5．四处旅行 travel_around 6．get around 四处走动；(新闻或消息)传开 7．look forward to 期待 8．in the 1400s 在15世纪 9．get ready for ... 为……做准备 10．because of 因为 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：强调句 教材原句：It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 翻译：正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁主要的官方语言。 2．句型：表语置于句首的倒装句 教材原句：Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. 翻译：特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 3．句型：so that引导结果状语从句 教材原句：Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 翻译：印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合即可稳固墙体。 4．句型：as引导时间状语从句 教材原句：Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. 翻译：沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新建公路，驱车行驶一日，全程饱览乡村美景。 ❶PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow①，dry，flat② land ❷running along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest. ❶介词短语“on＋名词”和“with＋名词”作后置定语，修饰country。 ❷running along the coast是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰land。 In the 1400s and 1500s③，Peru was the centre of the powerful④ ancient⑤ Inca Empire⑥.The Inca emperor⑦ lived in the now­famous site Machu Picchu.Spain took control of⑧ Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.❸It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official⑨ language of Peru. ❸强调句。“It is ...that ...”为强调句结构，强调原因状语for this reason。 TRAVEL PERU Amazon Rainforest Tour A short flight⑩ from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest.❹From there，you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest.❺You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. ❹和❺句中均有spend some time doing sth.结构，意为“花费时间做某事”。 ❺unique to the rainforest为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰the plants and animals。 Machu Picchu Tour This four­day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.❻After reaching your destination，you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.❼Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building.❽Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. ❻After reaching your destination为“介词＋动词­ing形式＋宾语”作状语，相当于After you reach your destination。 ❼倒装句。为了强调表语Especially amazing而将其提到句首。 ❽主从复合句。so that引导结果状语从句。 Cusco Tour Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco，the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century.Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets. Lake Titicaca Tour Enjoy the beautiful countryside ❾as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting㉑ Cusco to Lake Titicaca．There，a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days.Both the island and the Uros homes are made of㉒ water plants from the lake. ❾as引导时间状语从句。 So come and experience what Peru has to offer：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries­old Spanish㉓ villages to deep rainforests，high mountains，and a beautiful coastline㉔. what引导宾语从句，作experience的宾语。 For more brochures㉕ about other package tours㉖ around Peru，please contact㉗ us on our official website. Ⅰ.原文释译 ◆难词注解 ①narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄 反义词：broad adj.宽阔的 ②flat adj.平坦的；扁平的n.公寓；单元房 ③in the 1400s and 1500s 在15世纪和16世纪 ④powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的 ⑤ancient adj.古代的；古老的 ⑥the Inca Empire 印加帝国 ⑦emperor n．皇帝 ⑧take control of 控制；接管 ⑨official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 n．官员；要员 ⑩flight n．空中航行；航班；航程 accommodation n．住处；停留处；膳宿 in the middle of ...在……的中间 explore vt.& vi.探索；勘探 be unique to ...是……所特有的 on the way to ...在去……的路上 destination n．目的地；终点 amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 other than 除……以外 admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学 ㉑connect vt.连接；联结 ㉒be made of 由……组成 ㉓Spanish n．西班牙语；西班牙人 adj.西班牙的 ㉔coastline n．海岸线 ㉕brochure n．资料(或广告)手册 ㉖package tour包价旅游 ㉗contact vt.联络；联系 n．联系；接触 参考译文 秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，由三个主要地区构成：狭窄、干燥、平坦的沿海地区，安第斯山脉以及亚马孙雨林。 在15世纪和16世纪，秘鲁是强大的古印加帝国的中心。印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。西班牙于16世纪开始控制秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁主要的官方语言。 畅游秘鲁 亚马孙热带雨林之旅 在库斯科搭乘短程航班会让您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。您将从那儿乘一天船前往雨林中间的住宿地。在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 马丘比丘之旅 为期四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间探索这座令人惊叹的古城。特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合即可稳固墙体。 库斯科之旅 在位于安第斯山脉上的库斯科游玩四天，尽享独特的西班牙与当地印第安文化。库斯科从13世纪至16世纪是印加帝国的首都。入住当地酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑物，享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地市场购物。 的的喀喀湖之旅 沿着连接库斯科和的的喀喀湖的新建公路，驱车行驶一日，全程饱览乡村美景。湖畔将有小船把您送至岛屿上的当地乌鲁斯家庭，共度三日(美好时光)。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住房都是利用湖中的水生植物建造而成的。 欢迎您来体验秘鲁的万种风情：这里既有古印加文化和数百年历史的西班牙村庄，也有茂密的雨林、雄伟的山脉和美丽的海岸线。 如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请登录我们的官方网站与我们联系。 Ⅱ.文本理解 ►主旨大意 The text is mainly about four_famous_scenic_spots_in_Peru． ►文章架构 ►细节探究 1．Why is Spanish the main official language of Peru? (　　) A．Spain was once powerful. B．Spain once ruled Peru for a long time. C．Spanish is easy to learn. D．Peru is close to Spain. 2．How many days do people spend exploring the Amazon rainforest? (　　) A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. D．Four days. 3．How can people visit Machu Picchu? (　　) A．By bike. B．On foot. C．By water. D．By bus. 4．What can you do during Cusco Tour? (　　) A．Admiring the architecture. B．Enjoying the local food. C．Shopping at the local markets. D．Doing all above. 答案：1～4 BCBD ►课文语法填空 Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America.It was the centre of the 1.powerful(power) ancient Inca Empire in the 15th and 16th centuries.In the 16th century，Spain 2.took(take) control of Peru and ruled until 1821.It 3.is(be) for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of the country.If you want to travel around Peru，there are four places worth 4.a visit.First，you'll begin your Amazon rainforest tour.From there，you'll take a boat to your accommodation and then spend three days 5.exploring(explore) the rainforest with a local guide.Then，if you expect 6.to_admire(admire) the Incas' unique architecture，Machu Picchu is a perfect place 7.for you to visit.There you'll be amazed by the ancient city，8.especially(especial) its dry stone method of building.The next place，Cusco，was once the capital of the Inca Empire，9.where you can visit the museums and enjoy the excellent local food.From Cusco，you drive along the new highway for a day，arriving at Lake Titicaca.There，a boat 10.will_take(take) you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义 1．flat ①PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow，dry，flat land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest. 平坦的 ②Chapattis are a kind of flat Indian bread. 扁平的 ③Do you live in a flat or a house? 公寓 2．admire ①Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets. 欣赏 ②The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. 赞赏 3．experience ①So come and experience what Peru has to offer：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries­old Spanish villages to deep rainforests，high mountains，and a beautiful coastline. 体验 ②He gained valuable experience whilst working on the project. 经验 ③I had a bad experience with fireworks once. 经历 Ⅳ.教材续写积累 1．动作描写——运用并列连词建立动作链 Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets. 入住当地酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑物，享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地市场购物。 [仿写]完成句子 她叫了一辆出租车，上了车，告诉司机她的目的地。 She called a taxi，got_into_it_and_told the driver her destination. 2．心理描写 After reaching your destination，you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间探索这座令人惊叹的古城。 [仿写]完成句子 夜幕开始降临，简坐在草地上，凝视着广阔的天空，又饿又害怕。 As night was beginning to fall，Jane sat on the grass，staring at the vast sky，hungry_and_frightened． 1 apply vi.& vt.申请；请求 vt.应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)；使全神贯注于，使集中于 apply for a visa 申请一个签证 [情境探究] 写出apply在下列句子中的含义 ①Our roles in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing(糖霜) ears.Apply icing eyes and nose.Remove bunny from the belt. 涂 ②She's left it too late to apply for the job. 申请 ③The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. 应用 ④We applied our minds to finding a solution to our problem. 使全神贯注于，使集中于 [要点突破] ①apply to涉及；适用于 apply ...to ...把……应用于……；把……涂在……上 apply to do sth.申请去做某事 apply for 申请 apply oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事；把精力集中于(做)某事 ②application n．申请；申请表；应用 ③applicant n．申请人 [写作佳句] (2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Students should apply multiple learning techniques. 学生应该运用多种学习技巧。 In order to further my study，I have applied to four universities for postgraduate study.If I succeed，I will apply myself to study. 为了继续深造，我已经向四所大学申请了研究生阶段学习。如果成功了，我将努力学习。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Apply what you learn in the online course to your daily work，and you will surely succeed in the future. ②I suggest you apply for Peking University，one of the best universities in China. ③I am writing to apply to_join(join) in the activity you are organising. ④Over the next months，he will apply himself to improving(improve) the technique. ⑤To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants(apply) to attend the opening ceremony. ⑥如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could take_my_application_into_consideration． 2 amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 Why famous：amazing waterfalls，colourful lakes，beautiful mountains 为什么著名：令人惊叹的瀑布、五颜六色的湖泊、美丽的山脉 [要点突破] ①It's amazing that ... ……令人惊讶。 ②amazingly adv.令人惊奇地；惊人地 ③amaze vt.使惊奇，使吃惊 It amazed/amazes sb.that ...令某人感到惊讶的是…… ④amazed adj.吃惊的；惊奇的；惊喜的 be amazed at/by sth.对某事感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶 ⑤amazement n．惊奇；惊讶 to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是 in amazement 惊讶地，吃惊地 [写作佳句] ①Xi'an is an old city with a long history and there are many amazing attractions. 西安市是一座历史悠久的古城，有许多令人惊叹的景点。 ②(2024·新课标 Ⅱ 卷)You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. 你可能会惊讶地发现，自己竟会感觉和那里的人如此亲近。 ①表示“惊奇”的词语，其“惊奇”程度由强到弱依次为shock、astonish、amaze、surprise。 ②以­ing结尾的形容词常描述事物本身具有的性质或特征，一般用来修饰事或物，意为“令人……的”；以­ed结尾的形容词常用来修饰人，表示人的感受或心理状态，意为“感到……的”。有时也可修饰look/expression(表情)、smile、tears等表示某人情感状况的名词。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises，the whole experience was amazing(amaze). ②Visitors are amazed to_find(find) that great changes have taken place in Shanghai within a year. ③To his amazement(amaze)，the woman began to laugh. ④他取得了如此大的进步，真令人惊讶。 It's_amazing_that he has made such great progress. ⑤他通过了考试，这使我们很惊讶。 →It_amazed_us_that he had passed the test.(amaze) →It made_us_amazed that he had passed the test.(amazed作宾语补足语) →To_our_amazement，he had passed the test.(amazement) 3 arrangement n．安排；筹备 Actually，I've just finished the travel arrangements! 事实上，我刚刚完成旅行安排！ [要点突破] ①make arrangements for ...为……做安排 make arrangements to do sth.安排做某事 ②arrange vt.& vi.筹备；安排vt.整理 arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排某事 arrange for sb./sth. to do sth.安排某人/某物做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 [写作佳句] (2024·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. 五人及以上的团体需要特别安排，并须提前确认。 ①make arrangements for sth.中的arrangement常用复数形式。 ②表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb.to do sth.而不用arrange sb.to do sth.。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①It's not necessary for parents to_arrange(arrange) everything for their children. ②I'll arrange for a car to pick you up. ③They made arrangements(arrange) for this trip to Chengdu. ④All students and teachers are_arranged(arrange) to attend this event together at 3：00 p．m.this Friday at the meeting hall. ⑤大多数博物馆也欢迎学校团体，并为孩子们安排特别的活动。 Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange_special_activities_for_children． 4 take control of 控制；接管 Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. 西班牙于16世纪开始控制秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。 [要点突破] lose control of ...失去对……的控制 be/get/run out of control无法管理；失去控制 in control of 控制着，掌管着 in/under the control of ...在……的控制下 beyond control无法控制 under control被控制住；得到控制 [写作佳句] As a parent，I believe it is the children themselves that should take control of their own money. 作为一名家长，我认为孩子们应该自己管理自己的钱。 [学以致用] 单句填空/词汇升级/完成句子/同义句改写 ①It took two hours to bring the fire under control. ②The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret. take_control_of ③他们不得不照顾他们无法控制自己身体的儿子。 They had to look after their son who lost_control_of_his_body． ④不幸的是，他的双腿被一辆失控的汽车严重撞伤。 Unluckily，both of his legs were injured seriously by a_car_out_of_control． ⑤The manager is in control of the project. →The project is in/under_the_control_of_the_manager． 5 recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可 Recognise text type 识别文本类型 [要点突破] ①recognise sb./one's voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognised as/to be ...被公认为/被认为是…… It is recognised that ...人们公认/意识到…… ②recognition n．认出；认识；识别 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来；面目全非 [写作佳句] Besides，the Great Wall and the Palace Museum are widely recognised as places of interest at home and abroad. 此外，长城和故宫博物院是国内外公认的名胜古迹。 表示“认为……是……”的短语还有： ①regard ...as ... ②consider ...as ... ③see ...as ... ④view ...as ... ⑤think of ...as ... ⑥look on ...as ... ⑦treat ...as ... [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①(2022·全国乙卷)They simply insist on mutual(相互的) recognition(recognise) and regard. ②He is recognised to_be(be) one of the greatest poets in the 20th century. ③自从我上次来过之后，这个村庄已经变得认不出来了。 This village has changed beyond_recognition since I was last here. ④人们一致认为保护环境是非常重要的。 →Protecting environment is_widely_recognised_to_be very important. →It_is_widely_recognised_that protecting environment is very important. 6 other than除……以外 Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合即可稳固墙体。 [要点突破] more than 很，非常；超过；不仅仅 less than小于；少于；不到 rather than而不是 [写作佳句] Other than hiking on the island，we have planned many other activities like surfing in the water，spending the nights in the tents. 除了在岛上徒步旅行，我们还计划了其他许多活动，比如在水中冲浪，在帐篷里过夜。 [学以致用] 词汇升级/完成句子 ①Besides that，she gave me a hand in English. Other_than ②I am very pleased to tell you that my school will hold the Music Festival. more_than ③为了欣赏拉萨的风景，玛丽宁愿花很长时间坐火车也不愿坐飞机旅行。 To enjoy the view in Lhasa，Mary would spend long hours on the train rather_than_travel_by_air． 7 admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets. 入住当地酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏建筑物，享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地市场购物。 [要点突破] ①admire sb.for sth.因某事而赞赏/钦佩某人 ②admiration n．[U]羡慕；赞赏；钦佩 in admiration羡慕地；钦佩地；赞赏地 ③admirable adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的 ④admirer n．钦佩者；赞赏者 [写作佳句] Not only is it convenient and efficient to travel around by train，but it is also a good chance to admire the scenery on the way. 乘火车四处旅行不仅方便高效，而且还是一个欣赏沿途风景的好机会。 As so many admirers admired him，the great hero received admiring glances from the people who had great admiration for him. 由于有众多的仰慕者赞赏他，那个伟大的英雄收到了那些十分赞赏他的人投来的赞赏的目光。 [学以致用] 单句填空/词汇升级/完成句子 ①We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to the country. ②The works of Dickens were_admired(admire) in China as well as in the West. ③The admiration(admire) and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career(职业) in acting. ④In the afternoon，to enjoy all kinds of living things in the forest，we visited the virgin(原始的) forest in Longsheng. admire ⑤一位我们敬佩的著名民间艺术家将受邀来教给我们不同类型灯笼的制作技巧。 A famous folk artist (who/that)_we_admire will be invited to teach us skills of making different kinds of lanterns. 8 make up 构成；形成；化妆；编造；补上；和好 These Inca roads were made up of two north­south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west. 这些印加大道由两条南北走向的高速路和很多东西向穿越山区的小道组成。 [情境探究] 写出make up在下列句子中的含义 ①Apart from the computer，clothes，pills，credit card and other things make up the travel bag. 组成 ②She spent an hour making up before the party to look more attractive. 化妆 ③When she was asked why she was late，she made up an excuse to the teacher. 编造 ④We often quarrel but we always make it up soon after. 和好 ⑤Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow？ 补上 [要点突破] make up for 弥补；补偿 be made up of ...由……组成 make out 辨认清楚；理解 make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用 [写作佳句] The judges were made up of 5 experienced English teachers from our school. 评委由我校5名有经验的英语教师组成。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①The group is made up of five children，and they are studying hard to make up for the lost time. ②I soon came up with a little trick to make up for the embarrassing silence. ③His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out what he is trying to express. ④我们班由50个活泼的男孩和女孩组成，他们热情大方，乐于助人。 Our_class_is_made_up_of_50_lively_boys_and_girls，who are warm and generous and ready to offer help. ⑤大卫·邦德说：“只要在户外多待五分钟就能让情况有所不同。” “Just five more minutes outdoors can_make_a_difference，” David Bond says. 1 强调句 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. 正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁主要的官方语言。 [情境探究] ①It was the scientist who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 昨晚是那位科学家在实验室中做了实验。(强调主语) ②It is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year. 正是北京的著名景点每年吸引大量来自世界各地的游客。(强调主语) ③It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 直到读了你的信，我才知道实情。(强调时间状语) [要点突破] ①强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分． ②强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？ ③强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(＋被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？ ④“not ...until ...”结构的强调句：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分． ①判断句子是否为强调句的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，若句子完整，则为强调句。 ②强调句用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分，不能强调谓语。被强调部分是人时，可以用who或that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 [学以致用] 完成句子/句型转换 ①是什么使他的父母这么高兴？ What_was_it_that made his parents so happy? ②他们追求的是中国文化。 It's_the_Chinese_culture_that they pursue. ③是不是因为杰克上学迟到了史密斯老师才生气的？ Was_it_because_Jack_came_late_for_school_that Mr.Smith got angry? ④I met Mary on my way to school last night. →It_was_Mary_who/that I met on my way to school last night.(强调宾语) →It_was_on_my_way_to_school_that I met Mary last night.(强调地点状语) →It_was_last_night_that I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语) 2 表语置于句首的倒装句 Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building. 特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。 [情境探究] ①Present at the meeting were the school headmaster，the English teacher，and the students' parents. 出席会议的有校长、英语老师和学生们的家长。 ②Here is a seat for you. 这是你的座位。 ③Along the Li River are the most beautiful scenes of Guilin scenery. 漓江沿岸是桂林最美的风景。 ④Sitting in the front of the classroom are the leaders of the school. 坐在教室前面的是学校的领导。 [要点突破] 当表语置于句首时，常引起倒装，把系动词置于主语之前，即“分词/形容词＋系动词＋主语”结构。作表语的可以是形容词、介词短语、分词等。 在表语提前的倒装句中，要注意主谓一致，即谓语动词的数应与其后的主语的数一致。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①On the top of Elephant Trunk Hill is(be) Puxian Pagoda. ②Sitting(sit) at the back of the classroom were several old teachers，listening attentively to the new teacher. ③他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。 Gone_are_the_days when he was looked down upon. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$