Unit 1 Water 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语沪教版五四学制2024八年级上册

Unit 1 Water 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练） （时间：50分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据汉语提示填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 1．Most students (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 2．Please the lights when you leave a room. (关闭) 3．I am always full of (能量) after I do sports. 4．Please turn left at the next . (拐角) 5．Many students think housework is a (浪费) of their time. 6．She wears a pair of (棉袜) to keep her feet warm. 7．We (鼓励) one another to do tricks. 8．The (研究) shows that regular exercise can improve mental health. 9．Doing chores at home all day is very (乏味的). 10．Mrs Lee was tired and (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house. 二、根据首字母填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 1．He dug a deep h in the ground. 2．Turn left at the c of the street. 3．We have to t off the computers when we finish. 4．We should save water. There isn’t much f water on Earth. 5．Wind power is generated by using the e of the wind. 6．The athlete trained hard every day to p for the upcoming competition. 7．E them to make things with hands. 8．Keeping a diary can be a u way of recording your experiences. 9．Almost everyone is looking f to a trip to the beach during the summer holiday. 10．After running for an hour, I felt very t and drank a lot of water. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（每小题1分，满分15分） 1．We saw several changes happening in the experiment. (chemistry) 2．After the , the farmers lost all their crops. (drought) 3．The river is so that no fish can live in it. (pollute) 4．Lights (shine) brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 5．These strawberries look fresh! I’d like two (kilo) of them. 6．We need to find a (use) tool to open the box. 7． of underground water is a serious problem in many cities. (overuse) 8．Sunlight water from the ocean every day. (evaporation) 9．People in the village (live) on fishing for their . (livelihood) 10．We must take action to damaged coral reefs. (restoration) 11．She received excellent at the hospital after the accident. (treat) 12．They practiced (careful) and improved their (skill). 13．The lake water is full of , which makes it look green. (algae) 14．Heavy water loss made the soil (bad). They improved it (careful). 15．I found the book , but my classmate didn’t seem at all. (bore) 四、单项选择（每小题1分，满分15分） 1．Tom kept working on the math problem ________ he found the answer. A．when B．after C．unless D．until 2．Let’s ________ your old clothes and give them away to a children’s home. A．clear out B．run out C．work out D．hand out 3．Mike was so tired that he _______ visiting the museum today. A．looked forward to B．paid attention to C．gave up on D．took care of 4．—You look so tired. What’s wrong? —I didn’t go to bed ________ I finish watching the football match. A．until B．if C．though D．because 5．________, playing team sports helps us develop better communication skills. A．On the way B．In its way C．In some ways D．By the way 6．It’s not a good habit to ________ what you can do today until tomorrow. A．take out B．pick up C．get off D．put off 7．If the temperature is below 0℃, water will ________ ice in the open air. A．turn into B．turn on C．turn off D．turn down 8．________ the light were changing to red, a kid suddenly ran into the street. A．Unless B．While C．Since D．Before 9．—Mum, when can you take me out for the shopping? —Not ________ your father arrives home. A．before B．since C．after D．until 10．He didn’t leave the office ________ he finished all the work. A．until B．after C．before D．because 11．Wuxi has been popular ________ the Spring Festival Gala showed its beauty to the world. A．until B．if C．before D．since 12．________ the bad man was leaving, the police came and caught him. A．So B．If C．But D．As 13．The baby ________ stop crying ________ its mother came back. A．doesn’t; until B．didn’t; because C．didn’t; until D．doesn’t; because 14．—Could you please help me give the book back to Susan? —Sure. I will do that ________ I see her this afternoon. A．as soon as B．as many as C．as much as D．as good as 15．I was reading the book Marie Curie ________ my sister was doing her homework. A．while B．although C．if D．until 五、完成句子（每小题2分，满分10分） 1．While I was having a shower, you called me. （用when替换） I a shower you called me. 2．before,   hands,   eat,   wash,   you,   your . 3．He turned off the light after he finished his task. (保持句意不变) He turn off the light he finished his task. 4．They recycle paper to save trees. (对划线部分提问) they recycle paper? 5．我们计划去上海，但还没决定何时出发。 We are planning to go to Shanghai, but we haven’t decided . 六、语法选择（每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 World Water Day 2025 World Water Day happens every year on March 22nd. It 1 a day to think about our most important natural resource, water. We learn to save water and we learn about 2 water problems in some countries. Climate change is making it harder for some places to get enough water. Some countries are having more droughts. A drought is a disaster (灾难) where there is no rain for a long time, so plants, animals and people may die. The groundwater 3 very important at this time. Other countries are having more floods. A flood is a disaster where there is too 4 rain. The theme for World Water Day 2025 is “Glacier Preservation”. 5 know why we need to protect glaciers? Glaciers are huge blocks of ice in mountains and polar areas. They hold about 60% of the world’s fresh water! It is important for us to look after them and stop them from melting (融化). They help to get 6 fresh water from them. On World Water Day, adults and children across the world think about 7 importance of water. Water is very important to all life because humans, animals and plants would 8 without it. We need water to drink and we also need it 9 our bodies and clothes clean. Moreover, fresh water 10 by farmers to grow the food we eat every day. 1．A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．A．how does climate change cause B．how climate change causes C．how did climate change cause D．how climate change caused 3．A．becomes B．become C．became D．will become 4．A．many B．few C．much D．little 5．A．Are you B．You are C．Do you D．You do 6．A．lots of B．a lot C．a lots of D．lot of 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．die B．to die C．dies D．dying 9．A．give B．to give C．keep D．to keep 10．A．used B．uses C．is used D．was used 七、短文填空（每小题2分，满分20分） Water has great importance in Chinese culture. For a long time, water has been given deep meanings to 1 (education) people and rule the country. Confucius (孔子) thought water had many nice qualities. People should learn from it and improve 2 (they). The meanings behind water also made Chinese rulers follow the rules of nature and listen to the voice of people. Believed to be the beginning of all life, water also 3 (give) us life like a gentle mother. It’s impossible for our human beings to live 4 water. However, the way people and water getting along has two sides. In history, floods (洪水) brought big problems to people. Every time floods hit a village, houses fell down and hundreds of people became 5 (home). To solve the problem, Chinese people had always tried their best. For example, Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, organized his people and 6 (dig) the waterways so that the water could easily go into the sea. Today, the want of more fresh water is another serious problem. Although almost three 7 (quarter) of the earth is covered with water, most of it couldn’t be drunk directly. There are still factories 8 (pollute) rivers and lakes, which makes things even worse. Let’s start 9 it’s too late! I believe if we take action in time, we can 10 (possible) make a difference. I really hope we can live in peace with the environment. 2 / 5 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Water 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练） （时间：50分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据汉语提示填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 1．Most students (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 【答案】agree 【详解】句意：大多数学生同意时间是世界上最有价值的东西之一。根据“Most students…that time is one of the most valuable things…”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，“同意”对应的动词是agree。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语Most students是复数，动词用原形，故填agree。 2．Please the lights when you leave a room. (关闭) 【答案】turn off 【详解】句意：当你离开房间的时候，请关掉灯。turn off“关闭”，动词短语，该句为祈使句肯定形式，Please后跟动词原形。故填turn off。 3．I am always full of (能量) after I do sports. 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：运动后我总是精力充沛。根据中文提示，energy“能量”符合语境，不可数名词。故填energy。 4．Please turn left at the next . (拐角) 【答案】corner 【详解】句意：请在下一个拐角左转。corner“拐角，角落”，是名词，at the next corner“在下一个拐角”，故填corner。 5．Many students think housework is a (浪费) of their time. 【答案】waste 【详解】句意：许多学生认为做家务是浪费他们的时间。a waste of是固定短语，意为“……的浪费”，waste在这里作名词。故填waste。 6．She wears a pair of (棉袜) to keep her feet warm. 【答案】 cotton socks 【详解】句意：她穿了一双棉袜来保暖。“棉袜”对应的英文是“cotton socks”，“cotton”表示“棉的”，“socks”表示“袜子”，袜子一般是成双的，用其复数形式符合句意，故填cotton socks。 7．We (鼓励) one another to do tricks. 【答案】encourage 【详解】句意：我们互相鼓励去做恶作剧。根据“We...one another to do tricks.”可知，“鼓励”可以用“encourage”表示，“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。此处指“我们互相鼓励”，是一般的客观情况，用一般现在时，主语“We”是复数，所以谓语动词用原形。故填encourage。 8．The (研究) shows that regular exercise can improve mental health. 【答案】research 【详解】句意：研究表明，定期锻炼可以改善心理健康。根据语境和所给中文提示可知，这里应填“research”。“research”意为“研究”，在句中作主语。谓语动词为三单形式，使用名词单数形式。故填research。 9．Doing chores at home all day is very (乏味的). 【答案】boring 【详解】句意：整天在家做家务很乏味。boring“乏味的”，形容词。故填boring。 10．Mrs Lee was tired and (口渴的) after shopping, so she went into a tea house. 【答案】thirsty 【详解】句意：李太太购物后又累又渴，于是走进了一家茶馆。thirsty“口渴的”，形容词作表语。故填thirsty。 二、根据首字母填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 1．He dug a deep h in the ground. 【答案】(h)ole 【详解】句意：他在地上挖了一个深坑。根据“dug a deep…in the ground”和首字母可推断此处表示“坑”，hole“坑”，名词。根据“a”可知此处用单数。故填(h)ole。 2．Turn left at the c of the street. 【答案】(c)orner 【详解】句意：在街道的拐角处左转。根据“Turn left at the...of the street”及首字母c可知，corner“拐角；角落”符合语境，at the corner of 表示“在……的拐角处”，故填(c)orner。 3．We have to t off the computers when we finish. 【答案】(t)urn 【详解】句意：我们完成后必须关掉电脑。根据首字母提示和“when we finish”可知，电脑用完以后需要关掉，turn off符合句意，have to后接动词原形，故填(t)urn。 4．We should save water. There isn’t much f water on Earth. 【答案】(f)resh 【详解】句意：我们应该节约用水。地球上没有多少淡水。根据“We should save water.”及首字母可知，是指地球上没有多少淡水，用形容词fresh“淡水的”，作定语。故填(f)resh。 5．Wind power is generated by using the e of the wind. 【答案】(e)nergy 【详解】句意：风力发电是利用风能产生的。根据“using the…of the wind”和风力发电原理可知，指的是风的能量，此处应填入不可数名词energy “能量”。故填(e)nergy。 6．The athlete trained hard every day to p for the upcoming competition. 【答案】(p)repare 【详解】句意：这位运动员每天刻苦训练，为即将到来的比赛做准备。根据“The athlete trained hard every day”及首字母提示可知，应表达为即将到来的比赛做准备，prepare“准备”，不定式结构to后面用动词原形。故填(p)repare。 7．E them to make things with hands. 【答案】(E)ncourage 【详解】句意：鼓励他们用手制作东西。根据“them to make things with hands”及首字母可知，此处是指鼓励用手制作东西，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，句子是祈使句，动词用原形。故填(E)ncourage。 8．Keeping a diary can be a u way of recording your experiences. 【答案】(u)seful 【详解】句意：写日记是记录你经历的一种有用的方式。根据“Keeping a diary can be a...way of recording your experiences.”及首字母“u”提示可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词“way”，“useful”意为“有用的、有帮助的”，符合语境。“a useful way”表示“一种有用的方式”。故填(u)seful。 9．Almost everyone is looking f to a trip to the beach during the summer holiday. 【答案】(f)orward 【详解】句意：几乎每个人都期待在暑假去海滩旅行。根据首字母提示及“looking...to a trip to the beach during the summer holiday.”可知，空处指“期望”，需固定短语look forward to，意为“期望”。故填(f)orward。 10．After running for an hour, I felt very t and drank a lot of water. 【答案】(t)hirsty 【详解】句意：跑了一个小时后，我觉得很渴，喝了很多水。根据“I felt very ... and drank a lot of water.”及首字母可知，感到很渴，喝了很多水，thirsty“口渴的”符合，形容词作表语。故填(t)hirsty。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（每小题1分，满分15分） 1．We saw several changes happening in the experiment. (chemistry) 【答案】chemical 【详解】句意：我们在实验中看到了几种化学变化。根据“changes”及提示词可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰changes。chemistry“化学”，名词，形容词为chemical“化学的”。故填chemical。 2．After the , the farmers lost all their crops. (drought) 【答案】drought 【详解】句意：旱灾过后，农民的庄稼全部绝收。drought意为“旱灾”，不可数名词，在此处作介词After的宾语，符合语境。故填drought。 3．The river is so that no fish can live in it. (pollute) 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：这条河污染如此严重，以至于没有鱼可以在里面生存。根据“The river is so...that no fish can live in it.”及提示词可知，此处考查so...that...“如此……以至于……”结构，so后接形容词作表语，描述河流状态。pollute“污染”，动词，形容词形式为polluted。故填polluted。 4．Lights (shine) brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 【答案】are shining 【详解】句意：灯光明亮地照耀着整个城市，五颜六色的船只缓缓地顺河而下。根据“and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+现在分词”。Lights是复数主语，所以be动词用are，shine的现在分词为shining。故填are shining。 5．These strawberries look fresh! I’d like two (kilo) of them. 【答案】kilos 【详解】句意：这些草莓看起来很新鲜！我想要两千克。根据“two”可知，此处需要使用复数形式。故填kilos。 6．We need to find a (use) tool to open the box. 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：我们需要找到一个有用的工具来打开盒子。此处指“有用的工具”，修饰名词tool，用形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。 7． of underground water is a serious problem in many cities. (overuse) 【答案】Overuse 【详解】句意：地下水的过度使用在许多城市是一个严重的问题。根据“...of underground water is a serious problem in many cities.”及提示词可知，空格位于句首，且后接“of underground water”，因此需要一个名词来构成名词短语。提示词“overuse”本身可作为名词使用，表示“过度的使用”，直接填入即可。故填Overuse。 8．Sunlight water from the ocean every day. (evaporation) 【答案】evaporates 【详解】句意：阳光每天都会从海洋中蒸发出水。分析句子可知，此处缺谓语，名词evaporation变为动词evaporate，根据“every day”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语sunlight为第三人称单数，evaporate应变为三单形式evaporates。故填evaporates。 9．People in the village (live) on fishing for their . (livelihood) 【答案】 live livelihoods 【详解】句意：这个村庄的人们以捕鱼为生。根据语境可知，时态为一般现在时。第一空：people作主语，谓语动词用原形，live on“以……为食”，符合，故填live；第二空：根据“their”可知，此处表示他们的生计，故用名词复数形式，livelihood“生计”，可数名词，复数形式为livelihoods。故填live；livelihoods。 10．We must take action to damaged coral reefs. (restoration) 【答案】restore 【详解】句意：我们必须采取行动恢复受损的珊瑚礁。take action to do“采取行动做某事”，名词restoration需转为动词restore，to do不定式作目的状语。故填restore。 11．She received excellent at the hospital after the accident. (treat) 【答案】treatment 【详解】句意：事故发生后，她在医院接受了极好的治疗。设空处位于形容词“excellent”之后，因此需要填入一个名词，treatment“治疗”符合题意，此处为抽象意义，不可数。故填treatment。 12．They practiced (careful) and improved their (skill). 【答案】 carefully skills 【详解】句意：他们认真练习，提升了自己的技能。第一空修饰动词“practiced”，需要用副词，careful的副词形式为carefully“认真地”；第二空作动词“improved”的宾语，skill“技能”，可数名词，此处泛指多个技能，需要用复数形式skills。故填carefully；skills。 13．The lake water is full of , which makes it look green. (algae) 【答案】algae 【详解】句意：湖水里充满了藻类，这使得它看起来是绿色的。algae“藻类”，不可数名词。故填algae。 14．Heavy water loss made the soil (bad). They improved it (careful). 【答案】 worse carefully 【详解】句意：严重的水分流失使土壤变得更糟。他们仔细地改善了它。“make sth./sb.+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需形容词bad“坏的”的比较级作宾语补足语；improved为动词，需副词修饰。careful“认真的”为形容词，其副词为carefully。故填worse；carefully。 15．I found the book , but my classmate didn’t seem at all. (bore) 【答案】 boring bored 【详解】句意：我发现那本书很乏味，可是我的同学却一点也不觉得无聊。第一空修饰事物book用-ing 形容词 boring ，表示“令人厌倦的”；第二空修饰人用-ed 形容词bored ，表示“感到厌烦的” 。故填boring；bored。 四、单项选择（每小题1分，满分15分） 1．Tom kept working on the math problem ________ he found the answer. A．when B．after C．unless D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆一直努力做这道数学题，直到他找到答案。 考查连词辨析。when当……时候；after在……之后；unless除非；until直到……为止。根据“Tom kept working on the math problem”以及“he found the answer.”可知，此处表达“一直做题，直到找到答案”，应用until引导时间状语从句。故选D。 2．Let’s ________ your old clothes and give them away to a children’s home. A．clear out B．run out C．work out D．hand out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：让我们清理一下你的旧衣服，然后把它们捐赠给儿童之家。 考查动词短语。clear out清理；run out用完；work out解决；hand out分发。根据“give them away to a children’s home”可知，需要先清理旧衣服才能捐赠，应用clear out“清理”。故选A。 3．Mike was so tired that he _______ visiting the museum today. A．looked forward to B．paid attention to C．gave up on D．took care of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：迈克今天太累了，以至于他放弃了参观博物馆。 考查动词短语。looked forward to期待；paid attention to注意；gave up on放弃；took care of照顾。根据“Mike was so tired that he…visiting the museum today.”可知，迈克太累了，因此是放弃参观博物馆。故选C。 4．—You look so tired. What’s wrong? —I didn’t go to bed ________ I finish watching the football match. A．until B．if C．though D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你看起来很累。怎么了？——直到看完这场足球比赛我才上床睡觉。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；though尽管；because因为。根据“I didn’t go to bed…I finish watching the football match.”可知，此处表示“直到看完这场足球比赛才上床睡觉”，until符合题意。故选A。 5．________, playing team sports helps us develop better communication skills. A．On the way B．In its way C．In some ways D．By the way 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在某些方面，参加团队运动有助于我们培养更好的沟通技巧。   考查短语辨析。On the way在路上；In its way如果从某一立场看；In some ways在某些方面；By the way顺便说一下。根据“…playing team sports helps us develop better communication skills”可推知此处表示“在某些方面”团队运动有积极影响，故选C。 6．It’s not a good habit to ________ what you can do today until tomorrow. A．take out B．pick up C．get off D．put off 【答案】D 【详解】句意：把今天能做的事情推迟到明天是一个不好的习惯。 考查动词短语。take out拿出；pick up捡起；get off下车；put off 推迟。根据“It’s not a good habit to ... what you can do today until tomorrow.”可知，此处指“把今天的事情拖延到明天”，put off符合语境。故选D。 7．If the temperature is below 0℃, water will ________ ice in the open air. A．turn into B．turn on C．turn off D．turn down 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果温度在零下，水在户外就会变成冰。 考查动词短语。turn into变成；turn on打开；turn off关闭；turn down调小。根据“water will…ice”可知此处指水变成冰，应用“turn into”。故选A。 8．________ the light were changing to red, a kid suddenly ran into the street. A．Unless B．While C．Since D．Before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当交通灯正要变成红灯时，一个小孩突然跑到了街上。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；While当……时候，强调主从句动作同时发生；Since自从，既然，引导时间状语从句或原因状语从句；Before在……之前，引导时间状语从句。根据“...the light were changing to red, a kid suddenly ran into the street.”可知，此处表达的是“当交通灯变化时，小孩跑上街”，强调两个动作同时进行，所以应用While引导时间状语从句，故选B。 9．—Mum, when can you take me out for the shopping? —Not ________ your father arrives home. A．before B．since C．after D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你什么时候能带我去购物呢？——直到你父亲回家为止。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；since自从；after在……之后；until直到。根据“Not ... your father arrives home.”可知，是not until“直到……才”的结构，表示直到爸爸回家才能去购物。故选D。 10．He didn’t leave the office ________ he finished all the work. A．until B．after C．before D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他直到完成了所有的工作才离开办公室。 考查连词辨析。until直到；after在……之后；before在……之前；because因为。根据“He didn’t leave the office...he finished all the work”可知，此处表示“直到完成工作才离开”，not...until为固定搭配，意为“直到……才”，故选A。 11．Wuxi has been popular ________ the Spring Festival Gala showed its beauty to the world. A．until B．if C．before D．since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：无锡在春节联欢晚会向世界展示其美丽后一直很受欢迎。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；before在……之前；since自从。根据句意，主句用现在完成时（has been popular），表示“自春晚展示后持续受欢迎”，需用“since”引导时间状语从句，强调从过去某一时间点持续至今的状态。故选D。 12．________ the bad man was leaving, the police came and caught him. A．So B．If C．But D．As 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当这个坏人正要离开时，警察来了并抓住了他。 考查连词辨析。So因此；If如果；But但是；As当……时。根据“the bad man was leaving, the police came and caught him.”可知，此处描述这个坏人要离开时被警察抓住了，用as引导时间状语从句。故选D。 13．The baby ________ stop crying ________ its mother came back. A．doesn’t; until B．didn’t; because C．didn’t; until D．doesn’t; because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：直到妈妈回来，婴儿才停止哭泣。 考查时态与连词辨析。doesn’t用于一般现在时实义动词前；didn’t用于一般过去时实义动词前；until直到；because因为。根据“came back”可知，此处应用一般过去时，因此排除A、D；结合语境可知，此处表示直到妈妈回来才停止哭泣，not … until“直到……才”。故选C。 14．—Could you please help me give the book back to Susan? —Sure. I will do that ________ I see her this afternoon. A．as soon as B．as many as C．as much as D．as good as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能帮我把这本书还给苏珊吗？——当然。今天下午我一见到她就会那么做。 考查短语辨析。as soon as一……就……；as many as和……一样多（修饰可数名词复数）；as much as和……一样多（修饰不可数名词）；as good as和……一样好。根据“Could you please help me give the book back to Susan?”以及“I will do that…I see her this afternoon.”可知，此处指“我”一见到她，就会把书还给她。故选A。 15．I was reading the book Marie Curie ________ my sister was doing her homework. A．while B．although C．if D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我妹妹在做作业的时候，我正在读《居里夫人》这本书。 考查从属连词辨析。while当……时候；although尽管；if如果；until直到。根据“I was reading the book Marie Curie...my sister was doing her homework.”可知，“我读书”和“妹妹做作业”这两个动作是同时进行的，此处用“while”连接。故选A。 五、完成句子（每小题2分，满分10分） 1．While I was having a shower, you called me. （用when替换） I a shower you called me. 【答案】 was having when 【详解】句意：我在洗澡时，你给我打电话了。when引导时间状语从句用一般过去时时，若主句动作为延续性动词，那么主句时态用过去进行时。故填was；having；when。 2．before,   hands,   eat,   wash,   you,   your . 【答案】Wash your hands before you eat 【详解】根据所给标点和before可知句子是时间状语从句；主句是祈使句，动词wash置于句前，your hands作宾语；before作连词，you作从句主语，eat作从句谓语。故答案为：Wash your hands before you eat“吃（饭）前洗手”。 3．He turned off the light after he finished his task. (保持句意不变) He turn off the light he finished his task. 【答案】 didn’t until 【详解】句意：他在完成任务后才关灯。根据“He turned off the light after he finished his task.”可知，他完成任务后关灯，即“他一直没有关灯，一直到他完成了任务”，可用not...until...“直到……才……”，此处应是did not的缩写didn’t。故填didn’t；until。 4．They recycle paper to save trees. (对划线部分提问) they recycle paper? 【答案】 Why do 【详解】句意：他们回收纸张以保护树木。划线部分是目的状语，对此提问应用疑问词why“为什么”，句首单词首字母应大写；根据原形动词“recycle”可知，原句为含实义动词的一般现在时，主语“they”为复数，应借助助动词do构成疑问句。故填Why；do。 5．我们计划去上海，但还没决定何时出发。 We are planning to go to Shanghai, but we haven’t decided . 【答案】 when to set off 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“何时出发”。根据“but we haven’t decided”可知，此处可用“疑问词+to do”的形式。“什么时候”when，“出发”set off。故填when；to；set；off。 六、语法选择（每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 World Water Day 2025 World Water Day happens every year on March 22nd. It 1 a day to think about our most important natural resource, water. We learn to save water and we learn about 2 water problems in some countries. Climate change is making it harder for some places to get enough water. Some countries are having more droughts. A drought is a disaster (灾难) where there is no rain for a long time, so plants, animals and people may die. The groundwater 3 very important at this time. Other countries are having more floods. A flood is a disaster where there is too 4 rain. The theme for World Water Day 2025 is “Glacier Preservation”. 5 know why we need to protect glaciers? Glaciers are huge blocks of ice in mountains and polar areas. They hold about 60% of the world’s fresh water! It is important for us to look after them and stop them from melting (融化). They help to get 6 fresh water from them. On World Water Day, adults and children across the world think about 7 importance of water. Water is very important to all life because humans, animals and plants would 8 without it. We need water to drink and we also need it 9 our bodies and clothes clean. Moreover, fresh water 10 by farmers to grow the food we eat every day. 1．A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．A．how does climate change cause B．how climate change causes C．how did climate change cause D．how climate change caused 3．A．becomes B．become C．became D．will become 4．A．many B．few C．much D．little 5．A．Are you B．You are C．Do you D．You do 6．A．lots of B．a lot C．a lots of D．lot of 7．A．a B．an C．/ D．the 8．A．die B．to die C．dies D．dying 9．A．give B．to give C．keep D．to keep 10．A．used B．uses C．is used D．was used 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了2025年世界水日。 1．句意：这是一个思考我们最重要的自然资源——水的日子。 am是，主语是I；is是，主语是第三人称单数形式；are是，主语是you或复数形式；be是，是动词原形。主语it是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 2．句意：我们学会了节约用水，我们了解了气候变化是如何在一些国家造成水问题的。 how does climate change cause气候变化如何导致的，是疑问句语序，是一般现在时；how climate change causes气候变化如何导致的，是陈述语序，是一般现在时；how did climate change cause气候变化如何导致的，是疑问句语序，是一般过去时；how climate change caused气候变化如何导致的，是陈述语序，是一般过去时。此处作为宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC两项，主句谓语learn about是一般现在时，因此后面接的宾语从句用一般现在时。故选B。 3．句意：地下水在这个时候变得非常重要。 becomes成为，是一般现在时；become成为，是动词原形；became成为，是一般过去时；will become成为，是一般将来时。根据“at this time”可知，此处用一般现在时，主句是the groundwater，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 4．句意：雨水过多的地方，洪水是一种灾难。 many很多的，修饰可数名词；few很少的，修饰可数名词；much很多的，修饰不可数名词；little很少的，修饰不可数名词。根据句意，雨水多的地方，洪水是一种灾难，rain是不可数名词，用much修饰。故选C。 5．句意：你知道我们为什么要保护冰川吗？ Are you你是……吗；是一般疑问句；You are你是……，是陈述句；Do you你……吗；是一般疑问句；You do你做了……，是陈述句。此处是一般疑问句，排除BD两项，谓语know是实义动词，因此句首用助动词do。故选C。 6．句意：他们帮助从他们那里获得很多淡水。 lots of很多的；a lot很多；a lots of表达错误；lot of表达错误。修饰不可数名词water，用lots of。故选A。 7．句意：在世界水日，世界各地的成人和儿童都在思考水的重要性。 a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单词；/零冠词；the那个，表示特指。the+名词+of表示“……的……”，the importance of“……的重要性”。故选D。 8．句意：水对所有生命都非常重要，因为没有水，人类、动物和植物就会死亡。 die死亡，是动词原形；to die死亡，是动词不定式；dies死亡，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；dying死亡，是现在分词。位于助动词would后，用动词原形。故选A。 9．句意：我们需要水喝，我们也需要它来保持我们的身体和衣服清洁。 give给，是动词原形；to give给，是动词不定式；keep保留，是动词原形；to keep保留，是动词不定式。need sth to do sth“需要某物做某事”，keep sth+形容词，表示“让某物保持某种状态”。故选D。 10．句意：此外，淡水被农民用来种植我们每天吃的食物。 used使用，是一般过去时；uses使用，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；is used被使用，是一般现在时；was used被使用，是一般过去时。根据“every day”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语fresh water与谓语use之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态。故选C。 七、短文填空（每小题2分，满分20分） Water has great importance in Chinese culture. For a long time, water has been given deep meanings to 1 (education) people and rule the country. Confucius (孔子) thought water had many nice qualities. People should learn from it and improve 2 (they). The meanings behind water also made Chinese rulers follow the rules of nature and listen to the voice of people. Believed to be the beginning of all life, water also 3 (give) us life like a gentle mother. It’s impossible for our human beings to live 4 water. However, the way people and water getting along has two sides. In history, floods (洪水) brought big problems to people. Every time floods hit a village, houses fell down and hundreds of people became 5 (home). To solve the problem, Chinese people had always tried their best. For example, Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, organized his people and 6 (dig) the waterways so that the water could easily go into the sea. Today, the want of more fresh water is another serious problem. Although almost three 7 (quarter) of the earth is covered with water, most of it couldn’t be drunk directly. There are still factories 8 (pollute) rivers and lakes, which makes things even worse. Let’s start 9 it’s too late! I believe if we take action in time, we can 10 (possible) make a difference. I really hope we can live in peace with the environment. 【答案】 1．educate 2．themselves 3．gives 4．without 5．homeless 6．dug 7．quarters 8．polluting 9．before 10．possibly 【导语】本文讲述水在中国文化中的重要意义，以及水给人类带来的双面影响。并呼吁人们及时采取行动保护环境。 1．句意：长期以来，水被赋予了深刻的意义，它既教育人们，又治理着国家。根据“For a long time, water has been given deep meanings to...people and rule the country.”及所给单词可知，此处表示长期以来，水被赋予了深刻的意义，它既教育人们，又治理着国家。to后接动词原形。education“教育”，名词，动词形式为educate。故填educate。 2．句意：人们应该从中吸取教训，改进他们自己。根据“People should learn from it and improve...”及所给单词可知，此处表示人们应该从中吸取教训，改进他们自己。they“他们”，人称代词主格，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。 3．句意：水被认为是所有生命的起源，它也像一位温柔的母亲一样给我们带来生命。根据“water also...us life like a gentle mother.”及所给单词可知，此处表示水也像一位温柔的母亲一样给我们带来生命。结合语境，此处为一般现在时。water作主语，谓语动词用三单。give的第三人称单数形式为gives。故填gives。 4．句意：我们人类不可能生活在没有水的地方。根据“It’s impossible for our human beings to live...water.”及上下文可知，此处表示我们人类不可能生活在没有水的地方。without“没有”，符合语境。故填without。 5．句意：每逢洪水袭击一个村庄，房屋就倒塌了，数百人沦为无家可归者。根据“Every time floods hit a village, houses fell down and hundreds of people became...”及所给单词可知，此处表示每逢洪水袭击一个村庄，房屋就倒塌了，数百人沦为无家可归者。home“家”，homeless“无家可归的人”，符合语境。故填homeless。 6．句意：例如，夏朝的第一位统治者禹组织他的人民挖河道，使水可以容易地流入大海。根据“organized his people and...the waterways so that the water could easily go into the sea.”及所给单词可知，该句时态为一般过去时，表示禹组织他的人民挖河道，让水流入大海。dig“挖”，动词原形，过去式为dug。故填dug。 7．句意：尽管地球表面几乎有四分之三被水覆盖，大部分不能直接饮用。根据“three”可知，后接可数名词复数。quarter的复数形式为quarters。故填quarters。 8．句意：还有工厂向河流和湖泊排放污水，这使情况变得更糟。根据“There are still factories...rivers and lakes,”可知，此处表示还有工厂向河流和湖泊排放污水。考查固定结构：There are sth. doing sth.“有某物正在做……”。故填polluting。 9．句意：在太晚之前让我们开始吧。根据“I believe if we take action in time, we can possibly make a difference.”可知，我相信，如果我们及时采取行动，我们或许能有所作为。推测此处应该表示在太晚之前让我们开始吧。before“在……之前”，符合语境。故填before。 10．句意：我相信，如果我们及时采取行动，我们或许能有所作为。根据“we can...make a difference.”可知，此处用副词修饰动词make。possible的副词形式为possibly。故填possibly。 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$