Unit 1 Trying new things 基本句型：主谓宾宾和主谓宾补（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版五四学制2024七年级上册

Unit 1 Trying new things 基本句型：主谓宾宾和主谓宾补（单元核心语法精练） 1. 主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 2. 谓语：动作（有时态、语态、单复数之分） I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 3. 宾语：动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 4. 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语情况。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 5. 表语（主语补足语）:补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。 Lisa was happy. 思维导图 基本成分 句子成分 6. 状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 7. 定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 8. 同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 修饰成分 1.主语+谓语(vi.) We work hard. 2.主语+谓语( vt.)+宾语 Tom bought a new book. 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 They offer me a job. 4.主语+系动词+表语 Great talkers are little doers. 5.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾补 He made me go home. 五种基本句型 一、单项选择 1．The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“张老师教我们英语。”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。 考查句子结构辨析。S+V+DO 主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+P 主语+谓语+表语。根据句子“Mr Zhang teaches us English.”可知，“us”是间接宾语，“English”是直接宾语，符合“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构，故选B。 2．Which of the following has a different sentence structure (结构)? A．All the kids laughed in the party. B．Peter is swimming in the pool. C．Eddie is watching Hobo work. D．The temperature will drop below zero. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子的结构不同？ 考查句子结构。All the kids laughed in the party.是“S+V”结构；Peter is swimming in the pool.是“S+V”结构；Eddie is watching Hobo work.是“S+V+O+C”结构；The temperature will drop below zero.是“S+V”结构。不同的一项是C，故选C。 3．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “The teacher gave the students an interesting project”? A．The students had fun in the playground. B．The classroom is bigger than before. C．The students saw the leaves falling. D．Mr. Li is teaching us a new English song. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子的结构与“The teacher gave the students an interesting project”相同？ 考查基本句型。The students had fun in the playground的句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”；The classroom is bigger than before的句子结构为“主语+系动词+表语”；The students saw the leaves falling的句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”；Mr. Li is teaching us a new English song的句子结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。The teacher gave the students an interesting project的句子结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，D项符合。 4．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“埃迪正在看着霍波干活”这句话的句子结构是什么？ 考查基本句型。该句型结构为“主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语”，表示“埃迪正在看霍波工作”。其中，Eddie为主语（S）；is watching为谓语（V）；Hobo为直接宾语（DO）；work为宾语补足语（OC）。故选D。 5．What’s the sentence pattern of “He asked me to sweep the floor.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“他让我扫地。”的句型结构是什么？ 考查基本句型。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+O+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾补；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间宾+直宾。He是主语，asked是谓语，me是宾语，to sweep the floor是宾语补足语。故选C。 6．The sentence pattern of “We make Wu Wei City beautiful.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我们让无为市美丽。”的句型是S+V+DO+OC。 考查基本句型。S+V+O表示“主语+及物动词+宾语”；S+V+P表示“主语+系动词+表语”；S+V+IO+DO表示“主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”；S+V+DO+OC表示“主语+及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补足语”。句子“We make Wu Wei City beautiful.”的主语是“We”，谓语是“make”，直接宾语是“Wu Wei City”，宾语补足语是“beautiful”，因此是“S+V+DO+OC”句型。故选D。 7．What is the sentence pattern of “The news makes me happy”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“这个消息使我高兴”的句型是什么？ 考查句型。The news为主语；makes为谓语动词；me为宾格；happy为宾语补足语。所以本句为“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构，即S+V+O+OC。故选D。 8．The structure of the sentence “I find the story very interesting.” is ________  . A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我觉得这个故事很有趣。”这句话的结构是主+谓+宾语+宾补。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+ DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。分析句子“I find the story very interesting.”“I”是主语，表示执行动作的在这个句子中，人；“find”是谓语动词，表示“发现”的动作；“the book”是宾语，是“find”这个动作的对象；“interesting”是用来补充说明“the book”的特征，即“有趣的”，在句中作宾语补足语。所以该句子的结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”，即 S+V+ DO + OC 结构。故选D。 9．“Yesterday my uncle bought me a new bike.” The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我的叔叔给我们买了一辆新的自行车。这句话是主谓+双宾语的结构。 考查句子结构。S+V主+谓；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。主语是my uncle，谓语动词是bought，me是间接宾语，a new bike是直接宾语。故选C。 10．Which of the sentences follows the structure “S+V+IO+DO”? A．The temperature drops. B．He got hurt in an accident. C．My parents bought me a nice gift. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下边哪一个句子符合“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”的结构？ 考查句子结构。The temperature drops.主+谓；He got hurt in an accident.主+谓+状；My parents bought me a nice gift.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；I saw some kids kicking the ball.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。因此，C选项的句子符合“主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”的结构。故选C。 11．The sentence structure of “My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.” is________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.”的句子结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，my mum是主语S，cooked是谓语V，me是间接宾语IO，a nice meal是直接宾语DO，所以句子结构是S+V+IO+DO。故选D。 12．Which sentence has the same structure as “Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.”? A．The clouds became dark. B．Eddie is watching Hobo work. C．My father bought me a nice bag. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哪个句子的结构与“Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.”相同？ 考查句子结构。“Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.”是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构，其中“Eddie”为间接宾语，“his clothes”为直接宾语。选项C“My father bought me a nice bag.”也采用了相同句型结构即“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，其中“me”为间接宾语，“a nice bag”为直接宾语。故选C。 13．The sentence pattern of “Staying with students brings Jack much pleasure.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“和学生们待在一起给杰克带来很多乐趣。”这句话的句型是主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语 。 考查句子结构。S+V主+谓；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+O+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。根据句子结构可知，Staying with students是主语，brings是谓语，Jack是间接宾语，much pleasure是直接宾语。故选C。 14．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “My mother gave me a book.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“我妈妈给了我一本书”这个句子的句型是什么？ 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，My mother作主语；gave谓语动词；me间接宾语；a book直接宾语，因此该句是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构，故选B。 15．Which is the sentence pattern of “He bought you a dictionary yesterday.”? A．S+V+O B．S+Ⅴ+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哪个是“他昨天给你买了一本字典”的句型？ 考查句子结构。S+V+O主谓宾；S+Ⅴ+IO+DO主谓双宾；S+V主谓；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。分析句子可知，He主语；bought谓语；you间接宾语；a dictionary直接宾语；yesterday状语。故选B。 16．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“我们有四季。”这个句子的主要结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“We have four seasons.”中，We是句子的主语，have是谓语动词，four seasons是宾语。该句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”，即S+V+O。故选A。 17．以下哪个句子是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构？ A．The school bus is coming. B．This is my father’s car. C．We usually have lunch at school. D．Lisa lives in Nanjing with her parents. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“We usually have lunch at school.”是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。 考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，选项C中：“We”是主语，“usually have”是谓语，“lunch”是宾语，符合“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。故选C。 18．Which of the following sentences follows the structure S+V+O? A．Dolphins swim fast. B．The dress looks shiny in the sun. C．Peter built his dog a house. D．The volunteers are cleaning the street. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是主谓宾结构? 考查句子结构。Dolphins swim fast.句子结构为S+V；The dress looks shiny in the sun.句子结构为S+V+P；Peter built his dog a house.句子结构为S+V+IO+DO；The volunteers are cleaning the street.句子结构为S+V+O，符合题目要求。故选D。 19．Which of the following sentence does fit the sentence structure “S＋V＋O”? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．East or west, home is best. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Care and diligence bring luck. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子符合“S+V+O”的句子结构？ 考查句子结构。Actions speak louder than words“S+V”；East or west, home is best“S+V+P”；A friend in need is a friend indeed“S+V+P”；Care and diligence bring luck“S+V+O”。“S＋V＋O”指的是“主语+谓语+宾语”，根据句型结构可知D符合，Care and diligence是主语S，bring是谓语动词V，luck是宾语O。故选D。 20．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：I enjoy living in Lanzhou这句话是主谓宾结构。 考查基本句型。S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+宾+宾；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据“I enjoy living in Lanzhou”可知，主语I；谓语enjoy；宾语living in Lanzhou。所以句式结构为“S+V+O”。故选A。 二、完成句子 1．always me she story a reads . 【答案】She always reads me a story 【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是陈述句。she作主语；always是频度副词，一般放句中；reads作谓语；me作间接宾语；a story作直接宾语。故填She always reads me a story“她总是给我读故事”。 2．friend,  a,  sent,  my,  book,  me  （.） . 【答案】My friend sent me a book 【详解】根据所给标点可知，此句为陈述句。根据sent可知，这是一般过去时的句子，my friend作主语，sent作谓语，me作间接宾语，a book作直接宾语。故填My friend sent me a book“我朋友寄给我一本书”。 3．I give her a birthday present. (改为同义句) I a birthday present her. 【答案】 give to 【详解】句意：我给她一个生日礼物。give sb sth相当于give sth to sb，意为“给某人某物”。原句为一般现在时态，改写句也为一般现在时态。故填give；to。 4．makes, renewable, us, and, It, warm, us, brings, energy (连词成句) . 【答案】It brings us renewable energy and makes us warm 【详解】根据所给的词和标点可知，句子为肯定句，且时态为一般现在时态。It“它”作主语，brings“带来”作谓语，us“我们”作宾语，renewable energy“可再生能源”作宾语。and用于连接两个并列的成分或句子。makes us warm表示“使我们暖和”。故填It brings us renewable energy and makes us warm“它给我们带来了可再生能源，使我们温暖”。 5．I, often, feel about, her, I, people, things, tell, how, or. (S+V+ INO + DO) . 【答案】I often tell her how I feel about people or things 【详解】根据所给单词和提示可知，本句为肯定句，结构为：主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语；分析所给单词，I“我”，人称代词主格作主语；often“经常”，频度副词，放在实义动词前；tell“告诉”，动词原形作主句谓语动词；her“她”，人称代词宾格作间接宾语；how“如何”，引导宾语从句；I“我”，人称代词主格作从句主语，feel about“对……的感受”，动词短语；people or things“人或事”，作about的宾语。故填I often tell her how I feel about people or things“我经常告诉她我对人或事的感受”。 6．school, me, stay safe, walk to, helps, it, and (连词成句) . 【答案】It helps me walk to school and stay safe 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知，本句为陈述句句式。it作主语，句首首字母大写；helps作谓语；me作宾语；walk to school和stay safe并列成分用and链接，作宾补。故填It helps me walk to school and stay safe“它帮助我步行去学校并保持安全”。 7．often, me, of, they, tell, lots, stories . 【答案】They often tell me lots of stories 【详解】根据所给标点可知应用陈述句的形式，分析所给单词，they作主语，tell作谓语，me作间接宾语，stories作直接宾语，频度副词often位于tell前面，lots of位于stories前面。故答案为：They often tell me lots of stories“他们经常给我讲很多故事”。 8．notice, people, dancing, you, many, do ? 【答案】Do you notice many people dancing 【详解】根据标点符号可知，本句为疑问句，且为do引导的一般疑问句。you作主语；notice作谓语；many people作宾语；dancing作宾语补足语。故填Do you notice many people dancing“你注意到很多人在跳舞吗”。 三、翻译 将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卷标有题号的横线上。 1．一天一苹果，不用去诊所。 2．她最爱的科目是地理和历史。 3．周末她通常花多少时间练习打排球？ 4．为了我们的健康，我们需要吃更健康的食物。 5．感谢你带领这些英雄参观这两座现代化的图书馆。 6．牛仔裤在年轻人中很受欢迎。 7．我希望你努力学习来实现自己的梦想。 8．我们需要买一些水果吗？ 9．Dandy将带那些英雄参观这个现代化的图书馆。 10．两顿饭之间我很少吃甜食。 【答案】 1．An apple a day keeps a doctor away. 2．Her favorite subjects are geography and history. 3．How much time does she usually spend practising/practicing playing volleyball on weekends/on the weekend/at weekends/at the weekend? 4．For our health, we need to eat healthier food. 5．Thank you/Thanks for showing these heroes around the two modern libraries. 6．Jeans are very popular among young people. 7．I hope you can work hard to make your dream come true. 8．Do we need to buy any fruit? 9．Dandy will show those heroes around the modern library. 10．I seldom eat sweet snacks between meals. 【解析】1．根据中文提示可知，an apple a day表示“一天一个苹果”，keep a doctor away表示“远离医生”，也就是“不用去诊所”；one apple a day是句中主语，而且是第三人称单数形式，所以此处动词keep使用第三人称单数形式。故填An apple a day keeps a doctor away. 2．根据中文提示可知，her表示“她的”，favorite subject表示“最喜爱的科目”，geography and history表示“地理和历史”，最喜欢的科目是地理和历史两科，所以此处subject使用复数形式，并且be动词使用are。故填Her favorite subjects are geography and history. 3．根据中文提示可知，该句为特殊疑问句；how much time表示“询问多少时间”，she表示“她”，usually表示“通常”；spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”，practise/practice表示“练习”，play volleyball表示“打排球”，practise/practice playing volleyball表示“练习打排球”，spend time practising/ practicing playing volleyball表示“花时间练习打排球”，on weekends/on the weekend/at weekends/at the weekend表示“在周末”；疑问句中how much time置于句首，句中spend是实义动词，主语she是第三人称单数形式，所以此处需要助动词does。故填How much time does she usually spend practising/practicing playing volleyball on weekends/on the weekend/at weekends/at the weekend? 4．根据中文提示可知，for表示“为了”，our health表示“我们的健康”，we表示“我们”，need表示“需要”，need to do sth.需要做某事，eat表示“吃”，healthier food表示“更健康的食物”。故填For our health, we need to eat healthier food. 5．根据中文提示可知，thank you/thanks for表示“感谢你”，其中for是介词，其后可接动名词；show sb. around sp.表示“带领某人参观某地”，for是介词，所以show使用动名词形式showing；these heroes表示“这些英雄”，the two modern libraries表示“这两座现代化的图书馆”。故填Thank you/Thanks for showing these heroes around the two modern libraries. 6．根据汉语提示可知，句中时态为一般现在时，应使用固定结构be very popular with，表示“在……中很受欢迎”；jeans牛仔裤，而且是复数形式，作句中的主语，所以句中be动词用are；young people年轻人。故填Jeans are very popular among young people. 7．根据汉语提示可知，句中时态为一般现在时，hope希望，sb. hope sb. can do sth.希望某人可以做某事，work hard努力学习，所以此处是I hope you can work hard. “来实现自己的梦想”是努力学习的目的，所以此处用动词不定式作目的状语，came true实现梦想，即to make your dream come true实现自己的梦想。故填I hope you can work hard to make your dream come true. 8．根据汉语提示可知，该句为一般疑问句；need to buy some fruit需要买一些水果，句中的主语是we，其中need是实义动词，所以变成一般疑问句时要借助助动词do，助动词置于句首；some在变成一般疑问句时变成any。故填Do we need to buy any fruit? 9．根据汉语提示可知，句中时态为一般将来时，Dandy是句中的主语；those heroes那些英雄，show around 带领参观，the modern library这个现代化的图书馆。故填Dandy will show those heroes around the modern library. 10．根据汉语提示可知，句中时态为一般现在时，句中I是主语；between meals两餐之间，seldom很少，eat sweet snacks吃甜食。故填I seldom eat sweet snacks between meals. 四、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整，每空限填一词。 All work and no play 1 (make) Jack a dull boy. So 2 (hobby) are very important to our life. We should have a hobby in our free time. Because it can make our daily life 3 (colour) and interesting. It is 4 (possible) to have a hobby without any effort (努力). We can join 5 club and make friends with others. Many people have the same interests 6 us. We can enjoy 7 (we) together. I like riding very much. I often ride around our city with my friends on 8 (weekend). I dream of being one of the best bicycle 9 (ride). I hope to take part in the Olympics and take every 10 (chance) to win the first place in the future. 【答案】 1．makes 2．hobbies 3．colourful 4．impossible 5．a 6．as 7．ourselves 8．weekends 9．riders 10．chance 【导语】本文主要讲述了每个人都应该有自己的爱好。 1．句意：只学习不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。该句是谚语，主语“All work and no play”视为单数概念，谓语动词需用三单形式makes。故填makes。 2．句意：所以爱好对我们的生活非常重要。此处作主语，结合“are”可知需用复数名词，hobby的复数是hobbies。故填hobbies。 3．句意：因为它能让我们的日常生活丰富多彩且有趣。此处需形容词作宾补，colour的形容词是colourful。故填colourful。 4．句意：没有努力就拥有爱好是不可能的。根据“to have a hobby without any effort (努力)”可知此处是说“不可能”，impossible“不可能的”，作表语。故填impossible。 5．句意：我们可以加入一个俱乐部并和其他人交朋友。此处泛指“一个俱乐部”，club以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．句意：许多人和我们有相同的兴趣。固定搭配“the same...as”表示“和……一样”。故填as。 7．句意：我们可以一起玩得开心。固定短语“enjoy oneself”表示“玩得开心”，主语是we，反身代词用ourselves。故填ourselves。 8．句意：我经常在周末和朋友一起骑车游览我们的城市。固定搭配“on weekends”表示“在周末”。故填weekends。 9．句意：我梦想成为最优秀的自行车骑行者之一。one of后接复数名词，ride的名词是rider“骑行者”，复数是riders。故填riders。 10．句意：在未来，我希望参加奥运会并抓住每一次机会赢得第一名。every后接单数名词，chance的单数形式是chance。故填chance。 五、语法选择 I love travelling. Last August 30th, my parents and I had 1 amazing trip. Where 2 we go? We went to a sea life park. We got to the park at 6 p.m. by car. We wanted 3 in the night camp, so we bought a tent from a worker. The camp started at 8:30 p.m. First, a worker showed us around the park. Then, we went to the whale shark room and put up the tent. It 4 a little dark in the room, but we could see everything. Some people took photos of the whale sharks, and the others just sat in the tent and watched them swimming. At night, we slept in 5 tent. I had a very 6 dream that night. In my dream, I 7 with a whale shark. I’m quite interested 8 whale sharks. They look big 9 they are very lovely and friendly. However, they’re in 10 now. I want more people to learn about them and help them. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．do B．were C．did 3．A．to join B．join C．joining 4．A．is B．were C．was 5．A．we B．ours C．our 6．A．exciting B．excited C．excitingly 7．A．swim B．swam C．am swimming 8．A．on B．in C．at 9．A．because B．or C．but 10．A．dangerous B．dangers C．danger 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者和父母去海洋公园参加夜间露营活动的有趣经历，并表达了对鲸鲨的喜爱与保护愿望。 1．句意：去年8月30日，我和父母有一次很棒的旅行。 a一个，用于辅音音素前；an一个，用于元音音素前；the表特指。此处“amazing”以元音音素开头，且是泛指一次旅行，故用“an”。故选B。 2．句意：我们去哪儿了？ do助动词现在时；were是be动词的过去式；did是一般过去时的助动词，根据“Last August 30th”可知为过去时间，结合句中动词go，应用did作为助动词。故选C。 3．句意：我们想参加夜间露营，所以从工作人员那里买了一个帐篷。 to join加入（不定式）；join原形动词；joining现在分词。根据动词“wanted”后面接“to do”结构，表示“想做某事”。故选A。 4．句意：房间里有点黑，但我们什么都看得见。 is是；were是be动词的过去式复数形式；was是be动词的过去式单数形式。主语“It”指代“room”，为单数，且根据时间可知是过去发生的事，用“was”。故选C。 5．句意：晚上，我们睡在我们的帐篷里。 we我们；ours我们的（名词性物主代词）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）。根据后接名词“tent”可知需用形容词性物主代词“our”。故选C。 6．句意：那晚我做了一个非常令人兴奋的梦。 exciting令人兴奋的；excited感到兴奋的；excitingly令人兴奋地（副词）。dream为“梦”，与“令人兴奋”搭配，用形容词“exciting”作定语修饰dream。故选A。 7．句意：在梦中，我和鲸鲨一起游泳。 swim游泳（原形）；swam游泳（过去式）；am swimming现在进行时。根据前文“in my dream”为过去时间，动词用过去式。故选B。 8．句意：我对鲸鲨很感兴趣。 on在……上；in在……里；at在……。be interested in为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”。故选B。 9．句意：它们看起来很大，但却非常可爱和友好。 because因为；or或者；but但是。根据“They look big...they are very lovely and friendly.”可知前后形成转折，用“but”连接。故选C。 10．句意：然而，它们现在处于危险之中。 dangerous危险的（形容词）；dangers危险（复数名词）；danger危险（不可数名词）。介词“in”后接名词，“in danger”为固定搭配，表示“处于危险中”。故选C。 试卷第12页，共13页 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Trying new things 基本句型：主谓宾宾和主谓宾补（单元核心语法精练） 思维导图 句子成分 1. 主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 2. 谓语：动作（有时态、语态、单复数之分） I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 3. 宾语：动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 4. 宾语补足语：补充说明宾语情况。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 5. 表语（主语补足语）:补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。 Lisa was happy. 基本成分 修饰成分 6. 状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 7. 定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 8. 同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。 I heard my sister Lisa singing in the morning. 五种基本句型 1.主语+谓语(vi.) We work hard. 2.主语+谓语( vt.)+宾语 Tom bought a new book. 3.主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语+直接宾语 They offer me a job. 4.主语+系动词+表语 Great talkers are little doers. 5.主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语+宾补 He made me go home. 一、单项选择 1．The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 2．Which of the following has a different sentence structure (结构)? A．All the kids laughed in the party. B．Peter is swimming in the pool. C．Eddie is watching Hobo work. D．The temperature will drop below zero. 3．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “The teacher gave the students an interesting project”? A．The students had fun in the playground. B．The classroom is bigger than before. C．The students saw the leaves falling. D．Mr. Li is teaching us a new English song. 4．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 5．What’s the sentence pattern of “He asked me to sweep the floor.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 6．The sentence pattern of “We make Wu Wei City beautiful.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 7．What is the sentence pattern of “The news makes me happy”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 8．The structure of the sentence “I find the story very interesting.” is ________  . A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 9．“Yesterday my uncle bought me a new bike.” The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 10．Which of the sentences follows the structure “S+V+IO+DO”? A．The temperature drops. B．He got hurt in an accident. C．My parents bought me a nice gift. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball. 11．The sentence structure of “My mum cooked me a nice meal yesterday.” is________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 12．Which sentence has the same structure as “Hobo brought Eddie his clothes.”? A．The clouds became dark. B．Eddie is watching Hobo work. C．My father bought me a nice bag. D．I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. 13．The sentence pattern of “Staying with students brings Jack much pleasure.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 14．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “My mother gave me a book.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 15．Which is the sentence pattern of “He bought you a dictionary yesterday.”? A．S+V+O B．S+Ⅴ+IO+DO C．S+V D．S+V+O+OC 16．“We have four seasons.” The main structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 17．以下哪个句子是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构？ A．The school bus is coming. B．This is my father’s car. C．We usually have lunch at school. D．Lisa lives in Nanjing with her parents. 18．Which of the following sentences follows the structure S+V+O? A．Dolphins swim fast. B．The dress looks shiny in the sun. C．Peter built his dog a house. D．The volunteers are cleaning the street. 19．Which of the following sentence does fit the sentence structure “S＋V＋O”? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．East or west, home is best. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Care and diligence bring luck. 20．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 二、完成句子 1．always me she story a reads . 2．friend,  a,  sent,  my,  book,  me  （.） . 3．I give her a birthday present. (改为同义句) I a birthday present her. 4．makes, renewable, us, and, It, warm, us, brings, energy (连词成句) . 5．I, often, feel about, her, I, people, things, tell, how, or. (S+V+ INO + DO) . 6．school, me, stay safe, walk to, helps, it, and (连词成句) . 7．often, me, of, they, tell, lots, stories . 8．notice, people, dancing, you, many, do ? 三、翻译 将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在答题卷标有题号的横线上。 1．一天一苹果，不用去诊所。 2．她最爱的科目是地理和历史。 3．周末她通常花多少时间练习打排球？ 4．为了我们的健康，我们需要吃更健康的食物。 5．感谢你带领这些英雄参观这两座现代化的图书馆。 6．牛仔裤在年轻人中很受欢迎。 7．我希望你努力学习来实现自己的梦想。 8．我们需要买一些水果吗？ 9．Dandy将带那些英雄参观这个现代化的图书馆。 10．两顿饭之间我很少吃甜食。 四、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整，每空限填一词。 All work and no play 1 (make) Jack a dull boy. So 2 (hobby) are very important to our life. We should have a hobby in our free time. Because it can make our daily life 3 (colour) and interesting. It is 4 (possible) to have a hobby without any effort (努力). We can join 5 club and make friends with others. Many people have the same interests 6 us. We can enjoy 7 (we) together. I like riding very much. I often ride around our city with my friends on 8 (weekend). I dream of being one of the best bicycle 9 (ride). I hope to take part in the Olympics and take every 10 (chance) to win the first place in the future. 五、语法选择 I love travelling. Last August 30th, my parents and I had 1 amazing trip. Where 2 we go? We went to a sea life park. We got to the park at 6 p.m. by car. We wanted 3 in the night camp, so we bought a tent from a worker. The camp started at 8:30 p.m. First, a worker showed us around the park. Then, we went to the whale shark room and put up the tent. It 4 a little dark in the room, but we could see everything. Some people took photos of the whale sharks, and the others just sat in the tent and watched them swimming. At night, we slept in 5 tent. I had a very 6 dream that night. In my dream, I 7 with a whale shark. I’m quite interested 8 whale sharks. They look big 9 they are very lovely and friendly. However, they’re in 10 now. I want more people to learn about them and help them. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．do B．were C．did 3．A．to join B．join C．joining 4．A．is B．were C．was 5．A．we B．ours C．our 6．A．exciting B．excited C．excitingly 7．A．swim B．swam C．am swimming 8．A．on B．in C．at 9．A．because B．or C．but 10．A．dangerous B．dangers C．danger 试卷第12页，共13页 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$