Unit 1 People of Achievement（单元测试·提升卷）英语人教版2019选择性必修第一册

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ Unit 1 People of Achievement（单元测试·提升卷） （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want to do this afternoon? A．Go swimming. B．Watch a match. C．Play football. 2．How did Jack come here? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By motorbike 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A history class B．Their exam results. C．The way to manage time. 4．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．In a restaurant C．In a classroom. 5．When does the speech finish? A．At 3 p.m. B．At 4 p.m. C．At 5 p.m. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What do the speakers plan to do tonight? A．Go dancing. B．Buy books. C．Hold a party 7．What does Jane think of Bob? A．Lazy. B．Boring. C．Hard-working. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Salesman and customer. 9．What happened to the woman’s computer? A．Its screen was blue. B．Its screen turned black. C．Its software didn't work. 10．What does Mike do to the woman’s computer? A．Restart it. B．Clean it. C．Repair its screen. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why does the man want to buy a bike? A．To go on a tour. B．To go to work C．To go to school 12．What do we know about the man? A．He always rides a bike. B．He has enough money to buy a dear bike. C．He will buy a cheap but good bike 13．What does Jenny think is the most important for the man about a bike? A．Beauty. B．Height. C．Comfort. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is Emily most probably? A．A nurse. B．A student. C．A tour guide. 15．What will Emily do first this summer? A．Do volunteer work. B．Take a trip abroad. C．Visit her grandparents. 16．What subject will the man most probably teach? A．Geography. B．English. C．Science. 17．When will the man finish his work in Nepal? A．On July 10th. B．On July 16th. C．On July 23rd. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．When is the United Nations Chinese Language Day? A．On April 27th. B．On April 25th. C．On April 20th. 19．How did the United Nations Office celebrate the Day? A．It told history about China. B．It organized a video festival. C．It offered ways to learn Chinese. 20．What is important in learning Chinese according to Yerdana? A．Using imagination. B．Watching Chinese videos. C．Learning the mind of Chinese people. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA．Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur (鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 21．Who might be a physicist? A．Ada Lovelace. B．Rosalind Franklin. C．Lise Meitner. D．Mary Anning. 22．What made Ada Lovelace famous? A．Her hard work. B．Her great foresight. C．Her competitive spirit. D．Her high intelligence. 23．What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A．She set up genetics. B．She is underestimated. C．She invented the X-ray crystallography. D．She helped her colleagues to acquire data. B Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning of his lifelong commitment to developing China’s nuclear power. In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction. During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China. Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. 24．What does the author imply in the first paragraph? A．Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power. B．Peng was actually a very modest person. C．Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants. D．Peng was the most important figure in the nuclear field. 25．What does the underlined part in the 2nd paragraph mean? A．Focus on. B．Know about. C．Turn to. D．Research into. 26．How does the author develop the passage? A．By following the time order. B．By showing the great importance. C．By providing some similar examples. D．By explaining the process of research. 27．Which of the following is the proper title for the passage? A．China Honors a Nuclear Power Expert B．Peng Shilu Built Nuclear Submarines C．China Lost a Famous Nuclear Expert D．A Nuclear Hero Devoted Himself to Helping His Country C Huang Xuhua, born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.” His pioneering work in the 1960s and 1970s helped lay the foundation for China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇) program, which played a key role in the country’s defense strategy during a time of intense global pressure. In 1958, Mr. Huang was appointed as the chief designer for China’s first nuclear submarine project. At that time, China lacked the necessary technology and resources to construct such advanced submarines, and due to international isolation, the team had to rely solely on domestic innovation. Despite these significant challenges, Mr. Huang accepted the mission with determination, driven by the need to safeguard China’s maritime sovereignty (主权) and strengthen its strategic defenses. The greatest hurdle was developing a compact nuclear reactor capable of powering a submarine. With limited expertise in nuclear physics and engineering, Mr. Huang and his team worked tirelessly to design an efficient and reliable reactor, demonstrating his creativity and leadership skills. After over a decade of hard work, Huang’s team achieved a historic breakthrough in 1970 by launching China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, the Type 091 (Han-class). This meant China became one of the few countries able to build nuclear submarines. Soon after, they developed the Type 092 (Xia-class), China’s first ballistic missile submarine, which boosted the country’s nuclear defense. Huang’s contributions went beyond technology. His leadership inspired a generation of Chinese scientists and engineers to focus on self-reliance and innovation. Despite the heavy pressure and secrecy surrounding his work, Huang stayed committed to the project, often sacrificing personal comforts for its success. In recognition of his achievements, Huang has received many awards, including the Supreme State Science and Technology Award, China’s highest honor for scientific achievements. 28．What was the biggest challenge in developing China’s first nuclear submarine? A．Funding missile systems. B．Lacking the necessary technology and resources. C．Coordinating international cooperation. D．Designing a compact nuclear reactor to power a submarine. 29．What is the primary purpose of paragraph 3? A．To compare the functions of Type 091 and Type 092 submarines. B．To emphasize the global popularity of Chinese submarine technology. C．To showcase the technological achievements and their strategic impact. D．To list the names and launch dates of China’s early nuclear submarines. 30．Which of the following best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Innovative and patriotic. B．Talented and courageous. C．Modest and cooperative. D．Hard-working and adventurous. 31．Where would you most likely read this passage? A．A fictional novel    . B．A travel guide. C．A biography. D．A newspaper. D The mystery in northwest China, the grand gallery in the desert, the incomparable art, and extensive and profound culture — everything about Dunhuang could take a visitor’s breath away. All these have charmed generations of people, and they have also brought them to form a firm bond with Dunhuang. Fan Jinshi, whose given name means “beautiful poetry” in Chinese, is one of them. After graduating from Peking University in 1963, Fan had the chance to work in prosperous big cities. However, she determinedly joined the Research Institute on Cultural Relics of Dunhuang (later renamed the Dunhuang Academy), and worked as a guardian of Mogao Grottoes. At the time of her arrival, it was not a comfortable place to live and did not have electricity or running water. All she could see was barren land. She not only had to adapt to the harsh environment, but also had to endure the long-term separation from her family. But Fan’s devotion to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes never wavered (动摇), and she has made outstanding contributions to the cause of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang Grottoes through her works. Dunhuang is an old person, an extremely vulnerable old person. It has a lot of illnesses. If you are a little careless, it would be gone, Fan says. Fan has devoted herself to exploring and researching, and she has written valuable archaeological reports. And as a conservationist, she serves to protect the ancient site from erosion, collapsing and overtourism. In her dozens of years of research in Dunhuang heritage conservation, she has led a team dedicated to the preservation of the world’s cultural heritage, actively engaged in international exchange and cooperation in heritage conservation, introduced advanced conservation concepts and technologies, and built “Digital Dunhuang”. She is known as the “daughter of Dunhuang” for her outstanding contributions to the protection of the Mogao Grottoes. The longer she stayed there, the deeper her love has grown for Dunhuang. Fan has received the nation at honor of “Outstanding Contributor to the Cultural Heritage Preservation” for her substantial contribution to the permanent preservation and sustainable utilization of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. A minor planet was named after Fan Jinshi at a naming ceremony in Dunhuang to commemorate Fan’s devotion. 32．Why does the author describe Dunhuang’s harsh environment? A．To highlight the preservation challenges. B．To contrast with modern living conditions. C．To illustrate the lack of resources available. D．To emphasize the remoteness of the location. 33．What motivated Fan Jinshi’s devotion to Dunhuang? A．Personal fame and recognition. B．Desire for a fashionable lifestyle. C．Passion for archaeology and culture. D．Family background in Dunhuang studies. 34．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Fan Jinshi’s role in international cooperation. B．The recognition of Fan Jinshi’s achievements. C．Fan Jinshi’s conservation efforts for Dunhuang. D．The architectural feature of the Mogao Grottoes. 35．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Devotion leads to great achievement. C．Youth means limitless possibilities. D．What a man needs most is appreciated. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stephen Hawking was a scientist known for his work with black holes and relativity, and the author of popular science books like A Brief History of Time. Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England. 36 The political climate was also tense. The couple was living as Frank Hawking undertook research in medicine. Hawking’s father wanted him to go into medicine. 37 That was evident to his mother, who, along with her children, often stretched out in the backyard on summer evenings to stare up at the stars. “Stephen always had a strong sense of wonder,” she remembered. “And I could see that the stars would draw him.” Early in his academic life, Hawking, while recognized as bright, was not an exceptional student. 38 But Hawking focused on pursuits outside of school; he loved board games, and he and a few close friends created new games of their own. During his teens, Hawking, along with several friends, constructed a computer out of recycled parts for solving rudimentary mathematical equations. 39 He would later calculate that he averaged about an hour a day focusing on school. And yet he didn’t really have to do much more than that. In 1962, he graduated with honors in natural science and went on to attend Trinity Hall at the University of Cambridge for a Ph.D．in cosmology. 40 The next few years were a fruitful time for Hawking and his research. In 1973, he published his first, highly-technical book, The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time, with G. F. R. Ellis. A．Hawking’s birth came at an improper time for his parents, who didn’t have much money. B．With his sister Mary, Hawking devised different entry routes into the family home. C．He loved to dance and also took an interest in rowing, becoming a team coxswain (舵手) in college. D．But at an early age, Hawking showed a passion for science and the sky. E．By his own account, Hawking didn’t put much time into his studies. F．In 1968, Hawking became a member of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge. G．During his first year at St. Albans School, he was the third from the bottom of his class. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be 41 by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace. But one woman has 42 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong 43 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall 44 going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was 45 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of 46 and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily 47 it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the 48 person he was looking for to begin a 49 of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her 50 . With a strong 51 , she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using 52 to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw 53 on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very 54 to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental 55 . “Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 41．A．recognised B．known C．accepted D．admitted 42．A．founded B．proved C．achieved D．realised 43．A．study B．interest C．sense D．dream 44．A．was fond of B．was tired of C．insisted on D．dreamed of 45．A．encouraged B．prevented C．advised D．forced 46．A．knowledge B．youth C．hope D．chances 47．A．accepted B．refused C．received D．considered 48．A．only B．last C．special D．first 49．A．project B．study C．centre D．career 50．A．in surprise B．in a hurry C．as expected D．in fear 51．A．will B．body C．desire D．mind 52．A．nets B．tools C．holes D．spoons 53．A．doubt B．light C．questions D．beliefs 54．A．close B．similar C．friendly D．helpful 55．A．improvement B．protection C．pollution D．destruction 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian-American pathologist and bacteriologist (病理兼细菌学家), was born 56 June 14,1868, in Vienna, Austria. He is known for making a 57 (discover) in the identification of blood groups, which was a great breakthrough in medical science. Working in the lab of Dr. Max von Pettenkofer in Munich, Landsteiner became 58 (addict) to the study of blood. His research led to the classification (分类) of blood into four groups, now known as A, B, AB, and O. This finding was important because it allowed doctors to choose the blood types for transfusions (输血), which saved many lives. Landsteiner’s work was challenging. In 59 beginning, his finding was met with doubts by the medical community. However, he didn’t give up and continued his research. He kept 60 (try) and it paid off. In 1909, he 61 (award) the Nobel Prize in Medicine for finding out how to figure out blood groups. 62 (further) his research, Landsteiner moved to the United States in 1922 and joined the staff of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York City. There, he continued to contribute a lot to the study of blood. One of Landsteiner’s most important 63 (contribution) was the development of the Rh factor classification system that was introduced in 1937. It helped to give the reason for 64 some individuals experienced serious reactions during blood transfusions. The Rh factor, along with the ABO blood group system, is now used worldwide to ensure the safety of blood transfusions. Today, his findings are considered one of the most important in the history of medicine, and he is 65 (true) remembered as the father of modern blood transfusion. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在组织“我最敬佩的科学家”的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.概述我最敬佩的科学家； 2.他/她的杰出事迹； 3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 One year ago, I joined a club. Every morning, there was a personal trainer who worked out. He did his routine with such a quiet determination that he made it all look very easy When I wanted to quit, I watched him push himself to his own limits, and I found myself motivated to work hard. Several weeks ago, I was watching him do chin-ups (引体向上) easily. I asked him if I could try it. I had never tried before. He eagerly stepped aside and encouraged me to step up to the bar. I pulled myself up without thinking... Once... then twice. I had no strength left. I told him that was all I had, so he stepped up behind me and pushed me up for a third and a fourth pull. It felt so good and I smiled from ear to ear. The next day when I was done with my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did two. Again, on Day three and so on. I thought it was pitiful that I could only do two, but he said he was impressed with my chin-ups, explaining that most people couldn’t do them at all. Then he told me that if I practised every day, I would be doing five or six in no time. I just jumped in and gave it a try. A few months had passed since that memorable day in the club. I continued to work on my chin-ups, slowly but steadily. With each passing week, I could feel my strength increasing and my determination growing. One day, as I approached the chin-up bar, my trainer noticed the determination in my eyes. He smiled and said, “You know, you made a big progress in a such short time. I think it’s time to set a new goal for yourself.” I asked, “What do you have in mind?” He replied, “How about aiming for ten consecutive chin-ups? I believe that you can achieve it with your insistence. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was both excited and nervous about this new challenge. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, one morning, it happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement单元测试·提升卷 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） （参考答案） （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分 听力（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B A B A C A B A B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C C B C A C C B A 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分， 满分50分） 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．C 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．G 39．E 40．F 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．B 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 56．on 57．discovery 58．addicted 59．the 60．trying 61．was awarded 62．To further 63．contributions 64．which 65．truly 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．范文1 For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Tu Youyou most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country. In my opinion, Tu Youyou is an excellent person. She has become the first female scientist of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world have had a greatly increased chance of survival and now about 200 million malaria patients have benefited from it. So we should learn from Ms. Tu who is determined, devoted and selfless to make contributions to human health care in the world. 范文2 The scientist I admire most For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country. In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world. So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people. 第二节（满分25分） 67．I was both excited and nervous about this new challenge. Ten chin-ups seemed like a significant leap from where I had started, but the belief my trainer had in me fueled my determination, I accepted the challenge and got to work. Every morning, I pushed myself harder than before. The numbers slowly climbed: three, four, five and then seven chin-ups. It was challenging, but I remembered the lesson that I had learned. The most difficult tasks can be achieved through consistent effort and belief in oneself. Finally, one morning, it happened. I pulled myself up to the bar and completed ten consecutive chin-ups. I couldn’t contain my excitement and joy. I felt a profound sense of accomplishment. I achieved my goal through persistence. I had made it a reality. As I continue my fitness journey, I carry this lesson with me: No matter how daunting the obstacle may seem, the belief and persistence can help me overcome it. It’s not just about physical strength but also about mental fortitude and the power of setting and achieving goals. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$听力考试正式开始。Well, how about going swimming this afternoon? There is a football match on T. V. Let's just stay at home and watch IT. Listen to the next question. Jack, how did you get here so soon? You said your motorbike broke down, didn't do you? Yeah, I was going to take a bus, but my neighbor offered me a car ride. Listen the next question. How about your history exam? Not well, I just got b plus. I missed some key points and didn't manage my time. well. What about you? Listen to the next question. Susie, i'm taking an online class, but I can't hear the teacher very well. The music is too loud. Sorry, I will turn that off and help my wash the dishes. Listen to the next question. When does the speech begin? IT starts at three in the afternoon. IT finishes at four. right? I have a . meeting then. No, this speech last for two hours. Listen to the next question. Hi, Steve. Was your plan for tonight? I don't have any plans. Are you doing anything special? jane? Well, if you're bored, let's go dancing tonight. That sounds like a good idea. Should we invite bob? Oh, he doesn't drink, dance, singing or really anything. The only thing he talks about his history. you do have a point, will leave him out tonight. All right, let's meet at eight thirty in front of the university bookstore. perfect. I'll see you later tonight. Hi, Steve. Was your plan for tonight? I don't have any plans. Are you doing anything special? jane? Well, if you're bored, let's go dancing tonight. That sounds like a good idea. Should we invite bob? Oh, he doesn't drink, dance, singing or really anything. The only thing he talks about his history. you do have a point. We'll leave him out tonight. All right. let's meet at eight thirty in front of the university bookstore. perfect. I'll see you later tonight. Listen to the next question. Oh, no, mike, my computer suddenly stops working. Can you help me now? I need to finish the work for our teacher at once. Of course, is the screen blue or the software not working? neither. The computer screen went black. I just bought IT. Well. let me restart IT. Oh, the light is on. You only need to wait a moment when the screen lights up. You can turn on the computer. Besides, you need to clean IT once a week. Oh, thank you so much. Oh, no, mike, my computer suddenly stops working. Can you help me now? I need to finish the work from our teacher at once. Of course, is the screen blue or the software not working? Neither the computer screen went black. I just bought IT. Well. let me restart IT. Oh, the light is on. You only need to wait a moment when the screen lights up. You can turn out the computer. Besides, you need to clean IT once a week. Oh, thank you so much. Listen to the next question. Hi Jenny, what are you doing here? I'm usually here at weekends. It's my dad's shop. So you're looking for a bike. Yeah, now that the weather is warming up, I thought I should get some exercise instead of taking the bus all the time. Well, you came to the right place. What would you like? Well, I don't want to race or or a touring bike mostly. I'll just be using IT to get me back and forth from work. How far is that? About four miles? But at first, maybe I should tell you, I only got one hundred and fifty dollars. Can I get anything good for that? Well, you won't get anything top of the line, but we have some good and cheap ones . that sounds good. You're right for the kind of right you're going to take. The most important thing is comfort. You want to make sure it's the right height for you. Follow me and i'll show you what we've got. Hi Jenny, what are you doing here? I'm usually here at weekends. It's my dad's shop. So you're looking for a bike. yeah. Now that the weather is warming up, I thought I should get some exercise instead of taking the bus all the time. Well, you came to the right place. What would you like? Well, I don't want to racer or a touring bike mostly. I'll just be using IT to get me back and forth from work. How far is that? About four miles. But at first, maybe I should tell you I only got one hundred and fifty dollars. Can I get anything good for that? Well, you won't get anything top of the line, but we have some good and cheap . ones that sounds good. You're right for the kind of right you're going to take. The most important thing is comfort. You want to make sure it's the right height for you. Follow me and i'll show you what we've got. Listen to the next question. Emily, what's your plan for the school summer vacation? My grandparents really miss me. They want me to spend one or two weeks with them in the country this summer, so i'll go to visit them first. After I return, I think i'll do some volunteer work. Will you consider volunteering for a program in catmen? Do nepal? No, I can't afford a cheaper abroad. What about you? That's my plan for this summer. What will you do in this program? Well. IT aims to provide quality education to some of the polls. children. Volunteers will work alongside local teachers to help with subjects such as english, math, science, history and geography. So what subjects are you most interested in teaching? geog? When will you begin to work there . on july tenth? And i'll volunteer for two whole weeks there. After that, i'll do some traveling around the country. Well, I wish you a great time there. Emily, what's your plan for the school summer vacation? My grandparents really miss me. They want me to spend one or two weeks with them in the country this summer, so i'll go to visit them first. After I return, I think i'll do some volunteer work. Will you consider volunteering for a program in cat man do nepal? No, I can't afford a tripper abroad. What about you? That's my plan for this summer. What will you do in this program? Well. IT aims to provide quality education to some of the polls. children. Volunteers will work alongside local teachers to help with subjects such as english, math, science, history and geography. So what subjects are you most interested in teaching? Geog. when will you begin to work there . on july tenth? And i'll volunteer for two whole weeks there. After that, i'll do some traveling around the country. Well, I wish you a great time there. Listen to the next question. Language is the bridge that connects people everywhere. On April twenty eight, people around the world celebrated the united nations chinese language day to celebrate the event, the united nations office at geneva switzer land organize the first chinese language video festival. Participants from twenty seven countries, including the U. S, the U. K, france, germany, italy and japan, share their love for the chinese language and culture through short videos. Over three hundred and forty videos told stories about a civilized, modern and youthful china through their personal experiences in the country, though some people find the language difficult to learn, most finit to be useful. Useful from pakistan, said, learning chinese is not just learning a language. If you know this language, you know the civilization and the mind of the people. Your dona, a former international student from Carol stan, found that IT wasn't important to use his imagination when learning chinese. For example, the chinese character for tea has those lines of grass, the roof of our house and people drinking in tea. Language is the bridge that connects people everywhere. On April twenty eight, people around the world celebrated the united nations chinese language day to celebrate the event, the united nations office at geneva, switzerland, and organize the first chinese language video of festival participants from twenty seven countries, including the U. S, the U. K, france, germany, italy and japan, share their love for the chinese language and culture. Through short videos. Over three hundred and forty videos told stories about a civilized, modern and youthful china through their personal experiences in the country, though some people find the language difficult to learn, most finit to be useful. Useful from pakistan, said, learning chinese is not just learning a language. If you know this language, you know this civilization and the mind of the people, your dona, a former international student from Carol stan, found that IT went important to use his imagination when learning chinese. For example, the chinese character for tea has those lines of grass, the roof of a house, and people drinking tea. 听力部分到此结束。 学校 班级 姓名 准考证号 密 封 线 45 IAJ[BJIC]IDI 44 [AJIBIICIID] IAJIBIICHIDI [AJ[BJICJID] 41 [AJ[BIICIID] [AJIBJICJIDI [AJ[BIIC]ID] [AIIBIICI[DI [AJIBJICHIDI [AIIBJIC] IAJIBIICI [AJIBIICI [AJ[BIICI 的 (O UI W N 3 (O OO UWNO 49 [AI[BJICI[D] 48 [A]IB]IC]ID] 46 [AJIBIICI[D] 30 IAJ[BJICI[D] 29 [AJ[BJ[CJ[DI 28 [AJIBJ[CI[D] 27 IAJIBI[CI[D] 26 [AJIBI[CI[DI 10 [A][B]IC] 9 [AJ[BI[CI 8 [AJIBIIC] 7 [AIIBIICI 6 IAJ[BIIC] 00 (OO N 分 必 5 IAJIBIICIIDI 54 IAJ[BI[CIIDI 53 IAJIBIICIIDI IAJ[BJ[CJIDI 51 IAI[BJICIIDI 35 IAJIBI[CI[D] 34 IAJ[B][CI[D] 33 [AI[BI[CIID] 32 [AI[BI[CI[DI 31 [A][B][C][D] 15 [AJIB][C] 14 [AI[B][C] 13 [A][B][C] 1 IAJIB][C] 11 [A][B][C] 入。二粮精标 话限利 热鸡·冷健卡 0 著茶 20 [AJ[BI[C] 18 [AJ[BI[C] 陆7til放·教J素)Ur 40 [AJIBJICIIDIIEJ[FIIG] 39 [AJIBIICJ[DI[EJ[FI[GI 38 [AJIBI[CI[DIIEJ[FIIGI 36 [AJIBJICIIDJIEI[FIIGI 19 [AJ[BJICI 16 [AJIBI[C] ■ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 喝 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2: 烯 请在各愿目的答题区域内作瓷，出思色怎形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 培第2贞共2页 Unit 1 People of Achievement（单元测试·提升卷） （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want to do this afternoon? A．Go swimming. B．Watch a match. C．Play football. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Well, how about going swimming this afternoon? M: There is a football match on TV. Let’s just stay at home and watch it. 2．How did Jack come here? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By motorbike 【答案】A 【原文】W: Jack, how did you get here so soon? You said your motorbike broke down, didn’t you? M: Yeah. I was going to take a bus, but my neighbor offered me a car ride. 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A history class B．Their exam results. C．The way to manage time. 【答案】B 【原文】W: How about your history exam? M: Not well. I just got B plus. I missed some key points and didn’t manage my time well. What about you? 4．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．In a restaurant C．In a classroom. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Susie, I’m taking an online class, but I can’t hear the teacher very well. The music is too loud. W: Sorry. I will turn it off and help Mom wash the dishes. 5．When does the speech finish? A．At 3 p.m. B．At 4 p.m. C．At 5 p.m. 【答案】C 【原文】M: When does the speech begin? W: It starts at three in the afternoon. M: It finishes at four, right? I have a meeting then. W: No, the speech lasts for two hours. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What do the speakers plan to do tonight? A．Go dancing. B．Buy books. C．Hold a party 7．What does Jane think of Bob? A．Lazy. B．Boring. C．Hard-working. 【答案】6．A 7．B 【原文】W: Hi, Steve. What’s your plan for tonight? M: I don’t have any plans. Are you doing anything special, Jane? W: Well, if you’ re bored, let’s go dancing tonight. M: That sounds like a good idea. Should we invite Bob? W: Oh, he doesn’t drink, dance, sing, or really anything. The only thing he talks about is history. M: You do have a point. We’ll leave him out tonight. W: Alright. Let’s meet at 8:30 in front of the university bookstore. M: Perfect. I’ll see you later tonight. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Salesman and customer. 9．What happened to the woman’s computer? A．Its screen was blue. B．Its screen turned black. C．Its software didn't work. 10．What does Mike do to the woman’s computer? A．Restart it. B．Clean it. C．Repair its screen. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．A 【原文】W: Oh, no. Mike, my computer suddenly stops working. Can you help me now? I need it to finish the work from our teacher at once. M: Of course. Is the screen blue or the software not working? W: Neither. The computer screen went black. I just bought it. M: Well, let me restart it. Oh, the light is on. You only need to wait a moment. When the screen lights up, you can turn on the computer. Besides, you need to clean it once a week. W: Oh, thank you so much. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why does the man want to buy a bike? A．To go on a tour. B．To go to work C．To go to school 12．What do we know about the man? A．He always rides a bike. B．He has enough money to buy a dear bike. C．He will buy a cheap but good bike 13．What does Jenny think is the most important for the man about a bike? A．Beauty. B．Height. C．Comfort. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 【原文】M: Hi, Jenny. What are you doing here? W: I’m usually here at weekends. It’s my dad’s shop. So you’re looking for a bike? M: Yeah. Now that the weather is warming up, I thought I should get some exercise instead of taking the bus all the time. W: Well, you came to the right place. What would you like? M: Well, I don’t want a racer or a touring bike. Mostly I’ll just be using it to get me back and forth from work. W: How far is that? M: About four miles. But at first maybe I should tell you I only got 150 dollars. Can I get anything good for that? W: Well, you won’t get anything top of the line. But we have some good and cheap ones. M: That sounds good. W: You’re right. For the kind of ride you’re going to take, the most important thing is comfort. You want to make sure it’s the right height for you. Follow me and I’ll show you what we’ve got. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is Emily most probably? A．A nurse. B．A student. C．A tour guide. 15．What will Emily do first this summer? A．Do volunteer work. B．Take a trip abroad. C．Visit her grandparents. 16．What subject will the man most probably teach? A．Geography. B．English. C．Science. 17．When will the man finish his work in Nepal? A．On July 10th. B．On July 16th. C．On July 23rd. 【答案】14．B 15．C 16．A 17．C 【原文】M: Emily, what’s your plan for the school summer vacation? W: My grandparents really miss me. They want me to spend one or two weeks with them in the country this summer. So I’ll go to visit them first. After I return, I think I’ll do some volunteer work. M: Will you consider volunteering for a program in Kathmandu, Nepal? W: No. I can’t afford a trip abroad. What about you? M: That’s my plan for this summer. W: What will you do in this program? M: Well, it aims to provide quality education to some of Nepal’s children. Volunteers will work alongside local teachers to help with subjects such as English, maths, science, history, and geography. W: So what subjects are you most interested in teaching? M: Geography. W: When will you begin to work there? M: On July 10th. And I’ll volunteer for two whole weeks there. After that, I’ll do some traveling around the country. W: Well, I wish you a great time there! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．When is the United Nations Chinese Language Day? A．On April 27th. B．On April 25th. C．On April 20th. 19．How did the United Nations Office celebrate the Day? A．It told history about China. B．It organized a video festival. C．It offered ways to learn Chinese. 20．What is important in learning Chinese according to Yerdana? A．Using imagination. B．Watching Chinese videos. C．Learning the mind of Chinese people. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．A 【原文】 Language is the bridge that connects people everywhere. On April 20th, people around the world celebrated the United Nations Chinese Language Day. To celebrate the event, the United Nations Office at Geneva, Switzerland, organized the first Chinese Language Video Festival. Participants from 27 countries, including the US, the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Japan, shared their love for the Chinese language and culture through short videos. Over 340 videos told stories about a civilized, modern and youthful China through their personal experiences in the country. Though some people find the language difficult to learn, most find it to be useful. Yousaf from Pakistan said, “Learning Chinese is not just learning a language. If you know this language, you know the civilization, and the mind of the people.” Yerdana, a former international student from Kazakhstan, found that it was important to use his imagination when learning Chinese. “For example, the Chinese character for ‘tea’ has those lines of grass, the roof of a house and people drinking tea.” 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA．Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur (鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 21．Who might be a physicist? A．Ada Lovelace. B．Rosalind Franklin. C．Lise Meitner. D．Mary Anning. 22．What made Ada Lovelace famous? A．Her hard work. B．Her great foresight. C．Her competitive spirit. D．Her high intelligence. 23．What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A．She set up genetics. B．She is underestimated. C．She invented the X-ray crystallography. D．She helped her colleagues to acquire data. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几位对科学领域做出了重大贡献的女性。 21．细节理解题。根据Lise Meitner段落中“Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science.(Lise Meitner在核科学方面有了突破性的发现。)”可知，Lise Meitner应该是核物理学家。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据Ada Lovelace段落中“Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field.(她开创性的洞察力和分析能力使她写出了第一个算法，想象了机器的潜力，不仅仅是计算。Lovelace的远见使她成为该领域的知名先驱。)”可知，是Ada Lovelace的远见使她出名的。故选B项。 23．推理判断题。根据Rosalind Franklin段落中“Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and bi ology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues.(Franklin对遗传学和生物学的宝贵贡献值得肯定，因为他们为生命的构成提供了关键的见解，但她的名字往往被她的男性同事所掩盖。)”可知，Rosalind Franklin被低估了。故选B项。 B Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning of his lifelong commitment to developing China’s nuclear power. In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction. During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China. Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. 24．What does the author imply in the first paragraph? A．Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power. B．Peng was actually a very modest person. C．Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants. D．Peng was the most important figure in the nuclear field. 25．What does the underlined part in the 2nd paragraph mean? A．Focus on. B．Know about. C．Turn to. D．Research into. 26．How does the author develop the passage? A．By following the time order. B．By showing the great importance. C．By providing some similar examples. D．By explaining the process of research. 27．Which of the following is the proper title for the passage? A．China Honors a Nuclear Power Expert B．Peng Shilu Built Nuclear Submarines C．China Lost a Famous Nuclear Expert D．A Nuclear Hero Devoted Himself to Helping His Country 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄院士的生平事迹和重要贡献。 24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. (尽管彭是中国核电工业的奠基人之一，但他说自己在这项任务中发挥的作用很小)”可推知，彭士禄院士是一个非常谦虚的人。故选B项。 25．词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. (彭被选派到苏联学习化学机械。1956年，当他即将毕业时，他面临着人生的转折点)”和下文“the atomic energy major (原子能专业)”可知，彭面临的转折点是放弃自己原来的专业，改学原子能专业，turn to表示“转向”，与画线部分意义一致。故选C项。 26．推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段引出文章的主题，再结合第二段中“Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. (彭于1925年出生在一个英雄家庭)”、“In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. (1956年，当他即将毕业时，他面临着人生的转折点)”、第三段中“In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. (1958年，中国开始独立研制自己的核潜艇，彭被任命负责核动力推进系统的研究和设计。在20世纪80年代，中国决定建造一座商业核电站)”、第四段中“In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (1994年他当选为中国工程院院士)”和最后一段中“Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 (彭于2021年3月22日在北京去世)”可知，文章按照时间顺序讲述彭士禄院士的生平。故选A项。 27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. (事实上，从第一代核潜艇到大亚湾和秦山核电站的建设，他在中国早期的大部分核电项目中都担任领导职务)”和最后一段中“The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. (中共中央宣传部授予他“时代楷模”称号，以表彰他的贡献)”可知，文章讲述了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄的事迹，尤其体现了彭士禄为祖国发展所做的贡献。因此，D项“一位核英雄致力于帮助他的国家”最契合彭士禄的人物事迹和贡献，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 C Huang Xuhua, born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.” His pioneering work in the 1960s and 1970s helped lay the foundation for China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇) program, which played a key role in the country’s defense strategy during a time of intense global pressure. In 1958, Mr. Huang was appointed as the chief designer for China’s first nuclear submarine project. At that time, China lacked the necessary technology and resources to construct such advanced submarines, and due to international isolation, the team had to rely solely on domestic innovation. Despite these significant challenges, Mr. Huang accepted the mission with determination, driven by the need to safeguard China’s maritime sovereignty (主权) and strengthen its strategic defenses. The greatest hurdle was developing a compact nuclear reactor capable of powering a submarine. With limited expertise in nuclear physics and engineering, Mr. Huang and his team worked tirelessly to design an efficient and reliable reactor, demonstrating his creativity and leadership skills. After over a decade of hard work, Huang’s team achieved a historic breakthrough in 1970 by launching China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, the Type 091 (Han-class). This meant China became one of the few countries able to build nuclear submarines. Soon after, they developed the Type 092 (Xia-class), China’s first ballistic missile submarine, which boosted the country’s nuclear defense. Huang’s contributions went beyond technology. His leadership inspired a generation of Chinese scientists and engineers to focus on self-reliance and innovation. Despite the heavy pressure and secrecy surrounding his work, Huang stayed committed to the project, often sacrificing personal comforts for its success. In recognition of his achievements, Huang has received many awards, including the Supreme State Science and Technology Award, China’s highest honor for scientific achievements. 28．What was the biggest challenge in developing China’s first nuclear submarine? A．Funding missile systems. B．Lacking the necessary technology and resources. C．Coordinating international cooperation. D．Designing a compact nuclear reactor to power a submarine. 29．What is the primary purpose of paragraph 3? A．To compare the functions of Type 091 and Type 092 submarines. B．To emphasize the global popularity of Chinese submarine technology. C．To showcase the technological achievements and their strategic impact. D．To list the names and launch dates of China’s early nuclear submarines. 30．Which of the following best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Innovative and patriotic. B．Talented and courageous. C．Modest and cooperative. D．Hard-working and adventurous. 31．Where would you most likely read this passage? A．A fictional novel    . B．A travel guide. C．A biography. D．A newspaper. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了黄旭华对中国核潜艇事业的贡献。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The greatest hurdle was developing a compact nuclear reactor capable of powering a submarine.(最大的障碍是开发一种能够为潜艇提供动力的紧凑型核反应堆)”可知，开发中国第一艘核潜艇最大的挑战是设计一个紧凑的核反应堆来为潜艇提供动力。故选D。 29．推理判断题。根据第三段“After over a decade of hard work, Huang’s team achieved a historic breakthrough in 1970 by launching China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, the Type 091 (Han-class). This meant China became one of the few countries able to build nuclear submarines. Soon after, they developed the Type 092 (Xia-class), China’s first ballistic missile submarine, which boosted the country’s nuclear defense.(经过十多年的努力，黄旭华的团队在1970年取得了历史性突破，推出了中国第一艘核动力潜艇091型（汉级）。这意味着中国成为少数几个能够建造核潜艇的国家之一。不久之后，他们研制出了中国第一艘弹道导弹潜艇092型（夏级），这增强了中国的核防御能力)”可知，本段主要讲述了中国在核潜艇技术方面取得的成就及其战略影响，所以第三段的主要目的是展示技术成就及其战略影响。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Despite these significant challenges, Mr. Huang accepted the mission with determination, driven by the need to safeguard China’s maritime sovereignty (主权) and strengthen its strategic defenses.(尽管面临这些重大挑战，但为了维护中国的海洋主权和加强战略防御，黄先生毅然接受了这项任务)”以及“With limited expertise in nuclear physics and engineering, Mr. Huang and his team worked tirelessly to design an efficient and reliable reactor, demonstrating his creativity and leadership skills.(在核物理和工程专业知识有限的情况下，黄先生和他的团队不知疲倦地设计了一个高效可靠的反应堆，展示了他的创造力和领导能力)”可推知，黄旭华具有创新精神和爱国精神。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平事迹以及他对中国核潜艇事业的贡献，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在人物传记中。故选C。 D The mystery in northwest China, the grand gallery in the desert, the incomparable art, and extensive and profound culture — everything about Dunhuang could take a visitor’s breath away. All these have charmed generations of people, and they have also brought them to form a firm bond with Dunhuang. Fan Jinshi, whose given name means “beautiful poetry” in Chinese, is one of them. After graduating from Peking University in 1963, Fan had the chance to work in prosperous big cities. However, she determinedly joined the Research Institute on Cultural Relics of Dunhuang (later renamed the Dunhuang Academy), and worked as a guardian of Mogao Grottoes. At the time of her arrival, it was not a comfortable place to live and did not have electricity or running water. All she could see was barren land. She not only had to adapt to the harsh environment, but also had to endure the long-term separation from her family. But Fan’s devotion to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes never wavered (动摇), and she has made outstanding contributions to the cause of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang Grottoes through her works. Dunhuang is an old person, an extremely vulnerable old person. It has a lot of illnesses. If you are a little careless, it would be gone, Fan says. Fan has devoted herself to exploring and researching, and she has written valuable archaeological reports. And as a conservationist, she serves to protect the ancient site from erosion, collapsing and overtourism. In her dozens of years of research in Dunhuang heritage conservation, she has led a team dedicated to the preservation of the world’s cultural heritage, actively engaged in international exchange and cooperation in heritage conservation, introduced advanced conservation concepts and technologies, and built “Digital Dunhuang”. She is known as the “daughter of Dunhuang” for her outstanding contributions to the protection of the Mogao Grottoes. The longer she stayed there, the deeper her love has grown for Dunhuang. Fan has received the nation at honor of “Outstanding Contributor to the Cultural Heritage Preservation” for her substantial contribution to the permanent preservation and sustainable utilization of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. A minor planet was named after Fan Jinshi at a naming ceremony in Dunhuang to commemorate Fan’s devotion. 32．Why does the author describe Dunhuang’s harsh environment? A．To highlight the preservation challenges. B．To contrast with modern living conditions. C．To illustrate the lack of resources available. D．To emphasize the remoteness of the location. 33．What motivated Fan Jinshi’s devotion to Dunhuang? A．Personal fame and recognition. B．Desire for a fashionable lifestyle. C．Passion for archaeology and culture. D．Family background in Dunhuang studies. 34．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Fan Jinshi’s role in international cooperation. B．The recognition of Fan Jinshi’s achievements. C．Fan Jinshi’s conservation efforts for Dunhuang. D．The architectural feature of the Mogao Grottoes. 35．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Devotion leads to great achievement. C．Youth means limitless possibilities. D．What a man needs most is appreciated. 【答案】32．A 33．C 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了樊锦诗放弃大城市工作机会，投身敦煌莫高窟保护事业，在艰苦环境中坚持考古研究和文化遗产保护，并取得了杰出成就，被誉为“敦煌的女儿”。 32．推理判断题。根据第二段中“At the time of her arrival, it was not a comfortable place to live and did not have electricity or running water. All she could see was barren land. She not only had to adapt to the harsh environment, but also had to endure the long-term separation from her family. (她刚到的时候，这里的生活并不舒适，没有电，也没有自来水。她所能看到的只有贫瘠的土地。她不仅要适应恶劣的环境，还要忍受与家人长期分离的痛苦)”可知，此处描述了敦煌当时艰苦的生活环境，结合后文提到樊锦诗在这样的环境下坚守并致力于莫高窟的保护工作，可推知作者提到恶劣的环境是为了突出莫高窟保护工作面临的挑战，突显保护工作的不易。故选A项。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But Fan’s devotion to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes never wavered (动摇), and she has made outstanding contributions to the cause of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang Grottoes through her works. (但她对石窟考古、保护和管理的热爱从未动摇，她通过自己的作品，为“保护、研究、弘扬”敦煌石窟事业做出了杰出的贡献)”和第四段中“Fan has devoted herself to exploring and researching, and she has written valuable archaeological reports. (她一直致力于探索和研究，并撰写了有价值的考古报告)”可知，樊锦诗对考古和文化有着强烈的热情，这促使她投身敦煌的保护工作。故选C项。 34．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Fan has devoted herself to exploring and researching, and she has written valuable archaeological reports. And as a conservationist, she serves to protect the ancient site from erosion, collapsing and overtourism. In her dozens of years of research in Dunhuang heritage conservation, she has led a team dedicated to the preservation of the world’s cultural heritage, actively engaged in international exchange and cooperation in heritage conservation, introduced advanced conservation concepts and technologies, and built “Digital Dunhuang”. (她一直致力于探索和研究，并撰写了有价值的考古报告。作为一名自然资源保护主义者，她致力于保护这个古老的遗址免受侵蚀、崩塌和过度旅游的影响。在数十年的敦煌遗产保护研究中，她领导了一支致力于世界文化遗产保护的团队，积极开展遗产保护的国际交流与合作，引进先进的保护理念和技术，建设了“数字敦煌”)”可知，本段主要聚焦于樊锦诗为敦煌保护所做出的各种努力，包括研究、保护遗址、领导团队、开展国际合作、引入先进技术等。故选C项。 35．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合最后一段中“Fan has received the nation at honor of “Outstanding Contributor to the Cultural Heritage Preservation” for her substantial contribution to the permanent preservation and sustainable utilization of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang.(她为敦煌莫高窟的永久保护和可持续利用做出了重大贡献，被授予国家“文化遗产保护杰出贡献奖”)”可知，文章讲述了樊锦诗在毕业后放弃大城市的工作机会，毅然前往敦煌，在艰苦的环境下坚守多年，长期奉献于敦煌保护事业。通过她的努力，她为敦煌莫高窟的保护、研究和传承做出了杰出贡献，获得了国家荣誉，还有小行星以她的名字命名。这充分体现了正是因为奉献，她才取得了如此伟大的成就。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stephen Hawking was a scientist known for his work with black holes and relativity, and the author of popular science books like A Brief History of Time. Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England. 36 The political climate was also tense. The couple was living as Frank Hawking undertook research in medicine. Hawking’s father wanted him to go into medicine. 37 That was evident to his mother, who, along with her children, often stretched out in the backyard on summer evenings to stare up at the stars. “Stephen always had a strong sense of wonder,” she remembered. “And I could see that the stars would draw him.” Early in his academic life, Hawking, while recognized as bright, was not an exceptional student. 38 But Hawking focused on pursuits outside of school; he loved board games, and he and a few close friends created new games of their own. During his teens, Hawking, along with several friends, constructed a computer out of recycled parts for solving rudimentary mathematical equations. 39 He would later calculate that he averaged about an hour a day focusing on school. And yet he didn’t really have to do much more than that. In 1962, he graduated with honors in natural science and went on to attend Trinity Hall at the University of Cambridge for a Ph.D．in cosmology. 40 The next few years were a fruitful time for Hawking and his research. In 1973, he published his first, highly-technical book, The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time, with G. F. R. Ellis. A．Hawking’s birth came at an improper time for his parents, who didn’t have much money. B．With his sister Mary, Hawking devised different entry routes into the family home. C．He loved to dance and also took an interest in rowing, becoming a team coxswain (舵手) in college. D．But at an early age, Hawking showed a passion for science and the sky. E．By his own account, Hawking didn’t put much time into his studies. F．In 1968, Hawking became a member of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge. G．During his first year at St. Albans School, he was the third from the bottom of his class. 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．G 39．E 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的生平。 36．前文提到“Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England.(1942年1月8日，霍金出生于英国牛津。)”霍金出生于1942年1月8日，后文“The political climate was also tense. The couple was living as Frank Hawking undertook research in medicine.(政治气氛也很紧张。这对夫妇生活在弗兰克·霍金从事医学研究的时期。)”说明当时政治局势紧张，霍金父母生活的情况。选项A“Hawking’s birth came at an improper time for his parents, who didn’t have much money.(霍金出生的时间对他的父母来说不太合适，他们没有多少钱。)”指出霍金出生时对他父母来说不是个好时机，且他们没什么钱，既承接了前文出生时间，又引出后文紧张的生活状况。故选A项。 37．前文“Hawking’s father wanted him to go into medicine.(霍金的父亲希望他从医。)”说霍金的父亲希望他学医，后文“That was evident to his mother, who, along with her children, often stretched out in the backyard on summer evenings to stare up at the stars.(这对他的母亲来说是显而易见的，她和她的孩子们经常在夏天的晚上躺在后院盯着天上的星星。)”表明霍金对科学和天空有兴趣。选项D“But at an early age, Hawking showed a passion for science and the sky.(但在很小的时候，霍金就表现出对科学和天空的热情。)”起到转折作用，说明霍金早年就对科学和天空有热情，与前文父亲希望他学医形成对比，引出后文他对天空的兴趣表现。故选D项。 38．前文“Early in his academic life, Hawking, while recognized as bright, was not an exceptional student.(在他早期的学术生涯中，霍金虽然被认为很聪明，但并不是一个出类拔萃的学生)”指出霍金早期在学业上不是特别出色。选项G“During his first year at St. Albans School, he was the third from the bottom of his class.(在圣奥尔本斯学校的第一年，他是班里倒数第三名。)”具体举例说明他在圣奥尔本斯学校第一年成绩在班级里接近垫底，是对前文他学业不出色的具体阐述。故选G项。 39．后文“He would later calculate that he averaged about an hour a day focusing on school.(他后来计算出，他平均每天花一个小时在学习上。)”说明霍金后来计算自己每天平均花在学习上的时间约一小时。选项E“By his own account, Hawking didn’t put much time into his studies.(据霍金自己说，他并没有在学习上花太多时间。)”表明据霍金自己说，他没在学习上投入太多时间，引出后文他学习时间少的具体情况。故选E项。 40．后文“The next few years were a fruitful time for Hawking and his research.(接下来的几年是霍金和他的研究成果丰硕的时期。)”说明接下来的几年对霍金的研究来说是成果丰硕的时期。选项F“In 1968, Hawking became a member of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge.(1968年，霍金成为剑桥天文研究所的一员。)”提到1968年霍金成为剑桥大学天文研究所的一员，为后文他研究成果丰硕做了铺垫。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be 41 by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace. But one woman has 42 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong 43 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall 44 going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was 45 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of 46 and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily 47 it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the 48 person he was looking for to begin a 49 of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her 50 . With a strong 51 , she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using 52 to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw 53 on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very 54 to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental 55 . “Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 41．A．recognised B．known C．accepted D．admitted 42．A．founded B．proved C．achieved D．realised 43．A．study B．interest C．sense D．dream 44．A．was fond of B．was tired of C．insisted on D．dreamed of 45．A．encouraged B．prevented C．advised D．forced 46．A．knowledge B．youth C．hope D．chances 47．A．accepted B．refused C．received D．considered 48．A．only B．last C．special D．first 49．A．project B．study C．centre D．career 50．A．in surprise B．in a hurry C．as expected D．in fear 51．A．will B．body C．desire D．mind 52．A．nets B．tools C．holes D．spoons 53．A．doubt B．light C．questions D．beliefs 54．A．close B．similar C．friendly D．helpful 55．A．improvement B．protection C．pollution D．destruction 【答案】 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了珍妮·古道尔从事大猩猩研究的事迹——她喜欢动物，将研究动物作为自己的事业，并取得了一些成就。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更少会有人将得到全世界的认可，享有联合国和平使者的称号。A. recognised承认，认可；B. known知道；C. accepted接受；D. admitted承认，招认。根据前文“Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career.(许多孩子可能喜欢动物，但很少有人想过把研究动物作为自己的职业。)”和空后“by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace”可知，喜欢动物的孩子有很多，但很少会将研究动物作为职业，而将研究动物作为职业并且为整个世界所认可的人就更少了。故选A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一位女性做到了这一切。A. founded创建，创办；B. proved证明；C. achieved完成，达到；D. realised意识到。But前后形成对比关系，上文“few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be 　　1　　by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace.”提到很少有人能做到的事情，此处强调珍妮·古道尔做到了。故选C。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮·古道尔从小就对动物产生了终生的兴趣。A. study研究，学习；B. interest兴趣；C. sense感官，意识；D. dream梦想。根据上文“She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries.”可知，她对动物感兴趣。故选B。 44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在10岁或11岁的时候，古道尔梦想着去非洲和动物们生活在一起。A. was fond of喜欢；B. was tired of对……感到厌倦；C. insisted on坚持；D. dreamed of梦想。根据下文中的“This was quite a strange dream”可知，古道尔梦想着去非洲和动物们在一起生活。故选D。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她的母亲鼓励她。A. encouraged鼓励；B. prevented阻止；C. advised建议；D. forced迫使，强迫。根据下文中的“She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of 　　6　　and never give up looking for a way.”可知，母亲鼓励她去追寻梦想。故选A。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法。A. knowledge知识；B. youth青年，青春；C. hope希望；D. chances机会。根据空前的“she should work hard, take advantage of”和空后的“and never give up looking for a way”可知，母亲鼓励她要努力、充分利用机会、不放弃。故选D。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1957年，一位密友邀请古道尔去肯尼亚，她欣然接受了邀请。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. received接收；D. considered考虑。根据下文中的“Within a few months of her arrival”可知，古道尔欣然接受了朋友的邀请。故选A。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定古道尔是他要寻找的特别之人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. only仅有的；B. last最后的；C. special特别的；D. first第一的。根据上文中的“This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions.(那时，这是一个相当奇怪的梦，因为年轻女孩不会想到有这样的“狂野”行为)”可知，古道尔一直以来的梦想是和动物生活在一起，因此路易斯·利基博士认为她是特别的人。故选C。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. project项目，工程；B. study研究；C. centre中心；D. career职业生涯。根据下文中的“In the beginning, studying the chimps”可知，此处表示对野生黑猩猩的研究。故选B。 50．考查介词短语辨析。句意：动物们害怕地逃离她。A. in surprise惊奇地；B. in a hurry匆忙地；C. as expected不出所料；D. in fear害怕地。根据下文中的“Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.(渐渐地，黑猩猩们习惯了她的存在)”可知，一开始由于不熟悉，黑猩猩因为害怕而逃走了。故选D。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭着坚强的意志，她每天都在森林里搜寻，尽量不过早地太过靠近黑猩猩。A. will意志；B. body身体；C. desire渴望；D. mind思考能力，思维方式。根据句中的“she searched the forest every day”可知，虽然刚开始研究并不顺利，但是她坚持每天搜寻，说明她有着坚强的意志。故选A。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具钓白蚁。A. nets网，网状物；B. tools工具；C. holes洞；D. spoons勺子。根据下文中的“that man was the world’s only toolmaker”可知，设空处对应的信息词是toolmaker，这里表示黑猩猩会制造并使用工具，tools符合语境。故选B。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现对当时普遍认为人类是世界上唯一的工具制造者的观点提出了质疑。A. doubt疑惑；B. light光；C. questions问题；D. beliefs信念。根据上文中的“she observed a chimp making and using 　　12　　to fish for termites (白蚁)”和空后的“on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker”可知，古道尔发现黑猩猩会制造并使用工具，这与当时普遍认为的观点不符，所以是对当时的观点产生质疑。throw doubt on...是固定短语，意为“对……产生疑问”，符合语境。故选A。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：古道尔的研究进行得越久，黑猩猩与人类的相似之处就越明显。A. close亲密的；B. similar相似的；C. friendly友好的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文中的“she observed a chimp making and using 　　12　　to fish for termites (白蚁)”并结合常识可知，黑猩猩和人类都会制造和使用工具，这里指她发现黑猩猩与人类的相似之处。故选B。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来，古道尔一直在世界各地演讲，以提高人们的环保意识。A. improvement改善；B. protection保护；C. pollution污染；D. destruction破坏。根据下文中的“Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love(让我们怀着希望、尊重一切生物、理解和爱生活在新时代)”以及结合上下文，她研究的是动物，她演讲中呼吁大家尊重所有的生物（包括动物），同时结合常识判断，她通过自己的演讲来提升人们的环保意识。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian-American pathologist and bacteriologist (病理兼细菌学家), was born 56 June 14,1868, in Vienna, Austria. He is known for making a 57 (discover) in the identification of blood groups, which was a great breakthrough in medical science. Working in the lab of Dr. Max von Pettenkofer in Munich, Landsteiner became 58 (addict) to the study of blood. His research led to the classification (分类) of blood into four groups, now known as A, B, AB, and O. This finding was important because it allowed doctors to choose the blood types for transfusions (输血), which saved many lives. Landsteiner’s work was challenging. In 59 beginning, his finding was met with doubts by the medical community. However, he didn’t give up and continued his research. He kept 60 (try) and it paid off. In 1909, he 61 (award) the Nobel Prize in Medicine for finding out how to figure out blood groups. 62 (further) his research, Landsteiner moved to the United States in 1922 and joined the staff of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York City. There, he continued to contribute a lot to the study of blood. One of Landsteiner’s most important 63 (contribution) was the development of the Rh factor classification system that was introduced in 1937. It helped to give the reason for 64 some individuals experienced serious reactions during blood transfusions. The Rh factor, along with the ABO blood group system, is now used worldwide to ensure the safety of blood transfusions. Today, his findings are considered one of the most important in the history of medicine, and he is 65 (true) remembered as the father of modern blood transfusion. 【答案】 56．on 57．discovery 58．addicted 59．the 60．trying 61．was awarded 62．To further 63．contributions 64．which 65．truly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲病理学家兼细菌学家卡尔·兰德施泰纳（Karl Landsteiner）在血液研究方面所作出的贡献。 56．考查介词。句意：卡尔·兰德施泰纳，一位美籍奥地利病理兼细菌学家，于1868年6月14日出生在奥地利维也纳。此处表示具体的日期“6月14日”，应用介词on。故填on。 57．考查名词。句意：他因在血型鉴定方面的一项发现而闻名，这是医学科学的一大突破。根据空前的a可知，此处应填discover的名词形式discovery，意为“发现”，作宾语。故填discovery。 58．考查形容词。句意：在慕尼黑马克斯·冯·佩滕科费尔博士的实验室工作时，兰德施泰纳沉迷于血液研究。此处为形容词作表语，addict的形容词为addicted，become addicted to，意为“沉迷于……”符合句意。故填addicted。 59．考查冠词。句意：起初，他的发现遭到了医学界的质疑。此处为固定搭配in the beginning，意为“起初”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：他不断尝试，最终取得了成功。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据keep doing sth.，意为“继续做某事”可知，此处应用try的动名词形式trying作宾语。故填trying。 61．考查动词语态。句意：1909年，他因发现如何确定血型而被授予诺贝尔医学奖。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In 1909”可知，此处应用一般过去时，且he与award之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was awarded。故填was awarded。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了进一步研究，兰德施泰纳于1922年移居美国，加入纽约洛克菲勒医学研究所工作。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to further，意为“为了进一步……”，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填To further。 63．考查名词复数。句意：兰德施泰纳最重要的贡献之一是1937年引入的Rh因子分类系统的发展。根据空前的One of可知，此处应填contribution的复数形式contributions，表示“……之一”。故填contributions。 64．考查定语从句。句意：它帮助解释了为什么有些人在输血过程中会出现严重的反应。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词the reason指的是原因，所以关系代词使用which。故填which。 65．考查副词。句意：今天，他的发现被认为是医学史上最重要的发现之一，他也被真正铭记为现代输血之父。此处修饰动词remembered，应用true的副词形式truly意为“真正地”符合句意。故填truly。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在组织“我最敬佩的科学家”的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.概述我最敬佩的科学家； 2.他/她的杰出事迹； 3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文1 For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Tu Youyou most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country. In my opinion, Tu Youyou is an excellent person. She has become the first female scientist of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world have had a greatly increased chance of survival and now about 200 million malaria patients have benefited from it. So we should learn from Ms. Tu who is determined, devoted and selfless to make contributions to human health care in the world. 范文2 The scientist I admire most For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country. In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world. So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写题为“我最敬佩的科学家”的短文投稿，参加征文活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不同的：different→various 观点：idea→view 优秀的：excellent→ outstanding 献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. 拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone’s admiration. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. （运用了虚拟语气） 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 One year ago, I joined a club. Every morning, there was a personal trainer who worked out. He did his routine with such a quiet determination that he made it all look very easy When I wanted to quit, I watched him push himself to his own limits, and I found myself motivated to work hard. Several weeks ago, I was watching him do chin-ups (引体向上) easily. I asked him if I could try it. I had never tried before. He eagerly stepped aside and encouraged me to step up to the bar. I pulled myself up without thinking... Once... then twice. I had no strength left. I told him that was all I had, so he stepped up behind me and pushed me up for a third and a fourth pull. It felt so good and I smiled from ear to ear. The next day when I was done with my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did two. Again, on Day three and so on. I thought it was pitiful that I could only do two, but he said he was impressed with my chin-ups, explaining that most people couldn’t do them at all. Then he told me that if I practised every day, I would be doing five or six in no time. I just jumped in and gave it a try. A few months had passed since that memorable day in the club. I continued to work on my chin-ups, slowly but steadily. With each passing week, I could feel my strength increasing and my determination growing. One day, as I approached the chin-up bar, my trainer noticed the determination in my eyes. He smiled and said, “You know, you made a big progress in a such short time. I think it’s time to set a new goal for yourself.” I asked, “What do you have in mind?” He replied, “How about aiming for ten consecutive chin-ups? I believe that you can achieve it with your insistence. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was both excited and nervous about this new challenge. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, one morning, it happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was both excited and nervous about this new challenge. Ten chin-ups seemed like a significant leap from where I had started, but the belief my trainer had in me fueled my determination, I accepted the challenge and got to work. Every morning, I pushed myself harder than before. The numbers slowly climbed: three, four, five and then seven chin-ups. It was challenging, but I remembered the lesson that I had learned. The most difficult tasks can be achieved through consistent effort and belief in oneself. Finally, one morning, it happened. I pulled myself up to the bar and completed ten consecutive chin-ups. I couldn’t contain my excitement and joy. I felt a profound sense of accomplishment. I achieved my goal through persistence. I had made it a reality. As I continue my fitness journey, I carry this lesson with me: No matter how daunting the obstacle may seem, the belief and persistence can help me overcome it. It’s not just about physical strength but also about mental fortitude and the power of setting and achieving goals. 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者通过加入俱乐部并在个人教练的鼓励和指导下，不断努力挑战自己，最终在引体向上这项运动上取得了显著进步的故事。作者从最初只能做一两个引体向上，到在教练的鼓励下坚持不懈地练习，逐渐提高了自己的体能和毅力，最终实现了设定的新目标——连续做十个引体向上。从这次经历中，作者领悟到鼓励对一个人的成功至关重要的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“面对这个新的挑战，我既兴奋又紧张。”可知，第一段可描写作者接受新挑战——10个引体向上——的经过，及为了实现目标作者所做的努力。 ②由第二段首句内容“终于，一天早上，它发生了。”可知，第二段可描写作者终于通过坚持不懈的努力达到了目标和感悟。 2.续写线索：面对新挑战既兴奋又紧张——教练对我的信任激发了我的决心——接受挑战——不断地训练——实现了目标——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 接受：accept/embrace 实现：achieve/accomplish 帮助：help/assist 克服：overcome/get over 情绪类 快乐：joy/delight 决心：determination/resolution 【点睛】[高分句型1] Ten chin-ups seemed like a significant leap from where I had started, but the belief my trainer had in me fueled my determination, I accepted the challenge and got to work.（运用了where引导宾语从句，省略了that的定语从句） [高分句型2] No matter how daunting the obstacle may seem, the belief and persistence can help me overcome it.（运用了no matter how引导让步状语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement（单元测试·提升卷） （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want to do this afternoon? A．Go swimming. B．Watch a match. C．Play football. 2．How did Jack come here? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By motorbike 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A history class B．Their exam results. C．The way to manage time. 4．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．In a restaurant C．In a classroom. 5．When does the speech finish? A．At 3 p.m. B．At 4 p.m. C．At 5 p.m. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What do the speakers plan to do tonight? A．Go dancing. B．Buy books. C．Hold a party 7．What does Jane think of Bob? A．Lazy. B．Boring. C．Hard-working. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Salesman and customer. 9．What happened to the woman’s computer? A．Its screen was blue. B．Its screen turned black. C．Its software didn't work. 10．What does Mike do to the woman’s computer? A．Restart it. B．Clean it. C．Repair its screen. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why does the man want to buy a bike? A．To go on a tour. B．To go to work C．To go to school 12．What do we know about the man? A．He always rides a bike. B．He has enough money to buy a dear bike. C．He will buy a cheap but good bike 13．What does Jenny think is the most important for the man about a bike? A．Beauty. B．Height. C．Comfort. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is Emily most probably? A．A nurse. B．A student. C．A tour guide. 15．What will Emily do first this summer? A．Do volunteer work. B．Take a trip abroad. C．Visit her grandparents. 16．What subject will the man most probably teach? A．Geography. B．English. C．Science. 17．When will the man finish his work in Nepal? A．On July 10th. B．On July 16th. C．On July 23rd. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．When is the United Nations Chinese Language Day? A．On April 27th. B．On April 25th. C．On April 20th. 19．How did the United Nations Office celebrate the Day? A．It told history about China. B．It organized a video festival. C．It offered ways to learn Chinese. 20．What is important in learning Chinese according to Yerdana? A．Using imagination. B．Watching Chinese videos. C．Learning the mind of Chinese people. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Throughout history, women have made significant contributions to the field of science. It is essential to shed light on the women of science, as their struggles and breakthroughs continue to inspire generations of scientists. Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, the daughter of the poet Lord Byron, is often regarded as the world’s first computer programmer. Her ground-breaking insights and analytical skills led her to write the first algorithm, imagining the potential of the machine to do more than just calculations. Lovelace’s vision made her well-known as a pioneer in the field. Rosalind Franklin Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray crystallography images played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA．Her data, acquired through research, was used by James Watson and Francis Crick without her permission or acknowledgment. Franklin’s invaluable contributions to genetics and biology deserve recognition as they provided the key insights into the building blocks of life, yet her name is often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Lise Meitner Lise Meitner made ground-breaking discoveries in nuclear science. Meitner’s contributions to this field are celebrated today, as she paved the way for significant advancements in energy production and scientific understanding. Lise Meitner certainly deserves the place she has earned in the history of science. Mary Anning Mary Anning made remarkable discoveries during the early 19th century and won the respect of the scientists of her time. Anning unearthed the first complete bones of an ichthyosaur (鱼龙). Her pioneering work laid the foundation for the study of prehistoric life and helped shape our understanding of Earth’s history. 21．Who might be a physicist? A．Ada Lovelace. B．Rosalind Franklin. C．Lise Meitner. D．Mary Anning. 22．What made Ada Lovelace famous? A．Her hard work. B．Her great foresight. C．Her competitive spirit. D．Her high intelligence. 23．What do we know about Rosalind Franklin? A．She set up genetics. B．She is underestimated. C．She invented the X-ray crystallography. D．She helped her colleagues to acquire data. B Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning of his lifelong commitment to developing China’s nuclear power. In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction. During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China. Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. 24．What does the author imply in the first paragraph? A．Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power. B．Peng was actually a very modest person. C．Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants. D．Peng was the most important figure in the nuclear field. 25．What does the underlined part in the 2nd paragraph mean? A．Focus on. B．Know about. C．Turn to. D．Research into. 26．How does the author develop the passage? A．By following the time order. B．By showing the great importance. C．By providing some similar examples. D．By explaining the process of research. 27．Which of the following is the proper title for the passage? A．China Honors a Nuclear Power Expert B．Peng Shilu Built Nuclear Submarines C．China Lost a Famous Nuclear Expert D．A Nuclear Hero Devoted Himself to Helping His Country C Huang Xuhua, born in 1926 in Guangdong Province, is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.” His pioneering work in the 1960s and 1970s helped lay the foundation for China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇) program, which played a key role in the country’s defense strategy during a time of intense global pressure. In 1958, Mr. Huang was appointed as the chief designer for China’s first nuclear submarine project. At that time, China lacked the necessary technology and resources to construct such advanced submarines, and due to international isolation, the team had to rely solely on domestic innovation. Despite these significant challenges, Mr. Huang accepted the mission with determination, driven by the need to safeguard China’s maritime sovereignty (主权) and strengthen its strategic defenses. The greatest hurdle was developing a compact nuclear reactor capable of powering a submarine. With limited expertise in nuclear physics and engineering, Mr. Huang and his team worked tirelessly to design an efficient and reliable reactor, demonstrating his creativity and leadership skills. After over a decade of hard work, Huang’s team achieved a historic breakthrough in 1970 by launching China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, the Type 091 (Han-class). This meant China became one of the few countries able to build nuclear submarines. Soon after, they developed the Type 092 (Xia-class), China’s first ballistic missile submarine, which boosted the country’s nuclear defense. Huang’s contributions went beyond technology. His leadership inspired a generation of Chinese scientists and engineers to focus on self-reliance and innovation. Despite the heavy pressure and secrecy surrounding his work, Huang stayed committed to the project, often sacrificing personal comforts for its success. In recognition of his achievements, Huang has received many awards, including the Supreme State Science and Technology Award, China’s highest honor for scientific achievements. 28．What was the biggest challenge in developing China’s first nuclear submarine? A．Funding missile systems. B．Lacking the necessary technology and resources. C．Coordinating international cooperation. D．Designing a compact nuclear reactor to power a submarine. 29．What is the primary purpose of paragraph 3? A．To compare the functions of Type 091 and Type 092 submarines. B．To emphasize the global popularity of Chinese submarine technology. C．To showcase the technological achievements and their strategic impact. D．To list the names and launch dates of China’s early nuclear submarines. 30．Which of the following best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Innovative and patriotic. B．Talented and courageous. C．Modest and cooperative. D．Hard-working and adventurous. 31．Where would you most likely read this passage? A．A fictional novel    . B．A travel guide. C．A biography. D．A newspaper. D The mystery in northwest China, the grand gallery in the desert, the incomparable art, and extensive and profound culture — everything about Dunhuang could take a visitor’s breath away. All these have charmed generations of people, and they have also brought them to form a firm bond with Dunhuang. Fan Jinshi, whose given name means “beautiful poetry” in Chinese, is one of them. After graduating from Peking University in 1963, Fan had the chance to work in prosperous big cities. However, she determinedly joined the Research Institute on Cultural Relics of Dunhuang (later renamed the Dunhuang Academy), and worked as a guardian of Mogao Grottoes. At the time of her arrival, it was not a comfortable place to live and did not have electricity or running water. All she could see was barren land. She not only had to adapt to the harsh environment, but also had to endure the long-term separation from her family. But Fan’s devotion to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes never wavered (动摇), and she has made outstanding contributions to the cause of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang Grottoes through her works. Dunhuang is an old person, an extremely vulnerable old person. It has a lot of illnesses. If you are a little careless, it would be gone, Fan says. Fan has devoted herself to exploring and researching, and she has written valuable archaeological reports. And as a conservationist, she serves to protect the ancient site from erosion, collapsing and overtourism. In her dozens of years of research in Dunhuang heritage conservation, she has led a team dedicated to the preservation of the world’s cultural heritage, actively engaged in international exchange and cooperation in heritage conservation, introduced advanced conservation concepts and technologies, and built “Digital Dunhuang”. She is known as the “daughter of Dunhuang” for her outstanding contributions to the protection of the Mogao Grottoes. The longer she stayed there, the deeper her love has grown for Dunhuang. Fan has received the nation at honor of “Outstanding Contributor to the Cultural Heritage Preservation” for her substantial contribution to the permanent preservation and sustainable utilization of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. A minor planet was named after Fan Jinshi at a naming ceremony in Dunhuang to commemorate Fan’s devotion. 32．Why does the author describe Dunhuang’s harsh environment? A．To highlight the preservation challenges. B．To contrast with modern living conditions. C．To illustrate the lack of resources available. D．To emphasize the remoteness of the location. 33．What motivated Fan Jinshi’s devotion to Dunhuang? A．Personal fame and recognition. B．Desire for a fashionable lifestyle. C．Passion for archaeology and culture. D．Family background in Dunhuang studies. 34．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Fan Jinshi’s role in international cooperation. B．The recognition of Fan Jinshi’s achievements. C．Fan Jinshi’s conservation efforts for Dunhuang. D．The architectural feature of the Mogao Grottoes. 35．What can we learn from the passage? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Devotion leads to great achievement. C．Youth means limitless possibilities. D．What a man needs most is appreciated. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stephen Hawking was a scientist known for his work with black holes and relativity, and the author of popular science books like A Brief History of Time. Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England. 36 The political climate was also tense. The couple was living as Frank Hawking undertook research in medicine. Hawking’s father wanted him to go into medicine. 37 That was evident to his mother, who, along with her children, often stretched out in the backyard on summer evenings to stare up at the stars. “Stephen always had a strong sense of wonder,” she remembered. “And I could see that the stars would draw him.” Early in his academic life, Hawking, while recognized as bright, was not an exceptional student. 38 But Hawking focused on pursuits outside of school; he loved board games, and he and a few close friends created new games of their own. During his teens, Hawking, along with several friends, constructed a computer out of recycled parts for solving rudimentary mathematical equations. 39 He would later calculate that he averaged about an hour a day focusing on school. And yet he didn’t really have to do much more than that. In 1962, he graduated with honors in natural science and went on to attend Trinity Hall at the University of Cambridge for a Ph.D．in cosmology. 40 The next few years were a fruitful time for Hawking and his research. In 1973, he published his first, highly-technical book, The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time, with G. F. R. Ellis. A．Hawking’s birth came at an improper time for his parents, who didn’t have much money. B．With his sister Mary, Hawking devised different entry routes into the family home. C．He loved to dance and also took an interest in rowing, becoming a team coxswain (舵手) in college. D．But at an early age, Hawking showed a passion for science and the sky. E．By his own account, Hawking didn’t put much time into his studies. F．In 1968, Hawking became a member of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge. G．During his first year at St. Albans School, he was the third from the bottom of his class. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be 41 by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace. But one woman has 42 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong 43 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall 44 going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was 45 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of 46 and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily 47 it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the 48 person he was looking for to begin a 49 of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her 50 . With a strong 51 , she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using 52 to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw 53 on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very 54 to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental 55 . “Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 41．A．recognised B．known C．accepted D．admitted 42．A．founded B．proved C．achieved D．realised 43．A．study B．interest C．sense D．dream 44．A．was fond of B．was tired of C．insisted on D．dreamed of 45．A．encouraged B．prevented C．advised D．forced 46．A．knowledge B．youth C．hope D．chances 47．A．accepted B．refused C．received D．considered 48．A．only B．last C．special D．first 49．A．project B．study C．centre D．career 50．A．in surprise B．in a hurry C．as expected D．in fear 51．A．will B．body C．desire D．mind 52．A．nets B．tools C．holes D．spoons 53．A．doubt B．light C．questions D．beliefs 54．A．close B．similar C．friendly D．helpful 55．A．improvement B．protection C．pollution D．destruction 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian-American pathologist and bacteriologist (病理兼细菌学家), was born 56 June 14,1868, in Vienna, Austria. He is known for making a 57 (discover) in the identification of blood groups, which was a great breakthrough in medical science. Working in the lab of Dr. Max von Pettenkofer in Munich, Landsteiner became 58 (addict) to the study of blood. His research led to the classification (分类) of blood into four groups, now known as A, B, AB, and O. This finding was important because it allowed doctors to choose the blood types for transfusions (输血), which saved many lives. Landsteiner’s work was challenging. In 59 beginning, his finding was met with doubts by the medical community. However, he didn’t give up and continued his research. He kept 60 (try) and it paid off. In 1909, he 61 (award) the Nobel Prize in Medicine for finding out how to figure out blood groups. 62 (further) his research, Landsteiner moved to the United States in 1922 and joined the staff of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York City. There, he continued to contribute a lot to the study of blood. One of Landsteiner’s most important 63 (contribution) was the development of the Rh factor classification system that was introduced in 1937. It helped to give the reason for 64 some individuals experienced serious reactions during blood transfusions. The Rh factor, along with the ABO blood group system, is now used worldwide to ensure the safety of blood transfusions. Today, his findings are considered one of the most important in the history of medicine, and he is 65 (true) remembered as the father of modern blood transfusion. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在组织“我最敬佩的科学家”的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.概述我最敬佩的科学家； 2.他/她的杰出事迹； 3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 One year ago, I joined a club. Every morning, there was a personal trainer who worked out. He did his routine with such a quiet determination that he made it all look very easy When I wanted to quit, I watched him push himself to his own limits, and I found myself motivated to work hard. Several weeks ago, I was watching him do chin-ups (引体向上) easily. I asked him if I could try it. I had never tried before. He eagerly stepped aside and encouraged me to step up to the bar. I pulled myself up without thinking... Once... then twice. I had no strength left. I told him that was all I had, so he stepped up behind me and pushed me up for a third and a fourth pull. It felt so good and I smiled from ear to ear. The next day when I was done with my workout, I asked him to spot me again. Again, I did two. Again, on Day three and so on. I thought it was pitiful that I could only do two, but he said he was impressed with my chin-ups, explaining that most people couldn’t do them at all. Then he told me that if I practised every day, I would be doing five or six in no time. I just jumped in and gave it a try. A few months had passed since that memorable day in the club. I continued to work on my chin-ups, slowly but steadily. With each passing week, I could feel my strength increasing and my determination growing. One day, as I approached the chin-up bar, my trainer noticed the determination in my eyes. He smiled and said, “You know, you made a big progress in a such short time. I think it’s time to set a new goal for yourself.” I asked, “What do you have in mind?” He replied, “How about aiming for ten consecutive chin-ups? I believe that you can achieve it with your insistence. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was both excited and nervous about this new challenge. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, one morning, it happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$