专题02 阅读理解之说明文（辽宁专用）-【好题汇编】三年（2023-2025）中考英语真题分类汇编(含一年模拟）

专题02 阅读理解之说明文 （三年中考+一年模拟） 三年中考 2025年真题 （2025·辽宁·中考真题）We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. It can help us sleep better and feel rested in mind and body. It can also build our foot muscles (肌肉) and improve our balance. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, walking barefoot can be good for our health. When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe. People with health problems like flat feet or back pain should avoid this practice. What’s more, walking barefoot in cold or wet environments might cause health problems. To make walking barefoot safe, remember the following points: ·Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand. ·Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass. ·Keep shoes at hand if you worry that your feet will get too sore. ·Listen to your body—stop if you feel pain or discomfort. Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. 1．Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? A．Dancing in the rain. B．Stepping on fallen leaves. C．Digging in the soil. D．Walking without shoes on. 2．What does the underlined word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Make. C．Value. D．Reduce. 3．According to the text, remember to ________ when you are walking barefoot. A．try a cold surface B．practice on hard rocks C．find a safe place D．walk in wet environments 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The introduction to health problems. B．The suggestions on outdoor activities. C．The information about walking barefoot. D．The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2024年真题 （2024·辽宁·中考真题）We’re plants. Give us your care and we will bring joy to you. Please take us home, will you? PLANTS Get to know us Flowers We bring bright colors! Houseplants We are green and light up rooms! Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care! Vegetables How about home-grown food? Give us a home We can live in a pot. It can be put near a window, by a sofa or under a tree. Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun. We love it, too. Care for us Spring We may need fertilizers (化肥). Summer We hate harmful insects. Autumn We need less water. Winter Give us a larger home if necessary. 5．According to the text, ________ don’t need much care. A．flowers B．houseplants C．succulents D．vegetables 6．It’s fun to put a pot of plants ________. A．on a wall B．by a sofa C．near a window D．under a tree 7．Plants need to be protected from harmful insects, especially in ________. A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 8．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art. B．Life. C．Sports. D．History. 2023年真题 （2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）Chocolate is made from the seeds (种子) of cocoa trees (可可树). The seeds come in football-shaped pods (豆荚). A pod is about 15 to 30 centimeters long, 8 to 10 centimeters wide. When you break a pod, you’ll find 20 to 60 seeds. You take out these seeds, cover them up in banana leaves and leave them for about a week. This process is called fermentation (发酵). It is similar to the process of making yogurt. After the fermentation, you dry them, clean them, heat them and break them. Then you get something with a smell of chocolate. It is heated and separated into cocoa butter. When you mix it with milk or sometimes vegetable oil, and sugar, you get different kinds of chocolate. Chocolate is not a good choice if you want to lose weight, but it is a good source (来源) of vitamins and minerals (矿物质). You should be careful not to eat too much because it may cause some people to have a headache. It can also cause skin problems in some people. But recent surveys have found that chocolate helps people improve the ability to understand or remember things. It is also said that chocolate helps many people sleep better. We might have to wait for more research, but we all know that we love chocolate! 9．After reading the first paragraph, we know that __________. A．the seeds come in the tree leaves B．the shape of a pod is like a football C．a seed is about 15 to 30 cm long D．there is only one seed in a pod 10．In the fermentation process, the seeds are __________. A．kept for about a week B．covered up in cocoa tree leaves C．mixed with yogurt D．dried and cleaned at first 11．Chocolate is good for health because __________. A．it can solve skin problems B．it helps people to lose weight C．it provides people with vitamins and minerals D．it makes people who have a headache feel better 12．Which might be the best title (题目) for the passage? A．How to make chocolate B．Facts about chocolate C．A healthy food—chocolate D．Say no to chocolate （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题） The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out the importance of reading and calls on people to read more books, so shared bookhouses have appeared in many places. Reading has become a trend in our country. A reading campaign (行动) took place in Shenyang in April, 2023. Many people took part in it. Li Hong, a girl from a junior high school, said, “My mother and I took part in the campaign because both of us like reading. Books are our necessary furniture in our house. I know a lot about Chinese classic (经典的) works. Reading makes my life colourful and will change my dream into reality (现实).” Reading is one thing, but knowing how to read and what to read is another. There are mainly three kinds of reading: recreational reading, study-type reading and survey reading. Recreational reading can bring you much fun. You can read at a relaxed speed. Study-type reading usually needs you to read the text very carefully to understand the ideas and details. Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need. What kind of books should you read? Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like. Good books can lift you to a higher plane (境界). Whatever you read, read with interest, with the whole mind. Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding (有益的)! 13．What can we infer (推断) about Li Hong from the second paragraph? A．There is no other furniture in her house but books. B．Her mother teaches Chinese in a junior high school. C．She has probably read the book Journey to the West. D．She has changed her dream because of the campaign. 14．Which of the following probably belongs to survey reading? A．Learning a long poem at a relaxed speed. B．Reading a novel carefully to write a report. C．Enjoying interesting comic strips as you like. D．Searching newspapers quickly for something. 15．What kind of books should we read according to Emerson? A．Books that are well known. B．Books that cost a lot of money. C．Books that are about rules. D．Books that come out within a year. 16．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To introduce a reading campaign. B．To advise us to build bookhouses. C．To encourage people to read books. D．To tell us about some classic works. （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park? It is our own “Amazon”. If you travel there, what can you enjoy?Animals The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. Plants The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big, feather-like leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom (开花) and bear fruits almost every year. Culture Miao and Li people have lived in the park for generations (世代). Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays. 17．What was the population of Hainan gibbons in the 1980s? A．Less than 10. B．More than 30. C．Nearly 130. D．Only 133. 18．What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text? A．It can grow very quickly. B．It never grows flowers. C．It can live up to 200 years. D．It has very small leaves. 19．What is tree bark used to do by Li people? A．To avoid animals. B．To build houses. C．To produce boats. D．To make clothes. 20．In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text? A．Art. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Sports. 一年模拟 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Little Dogs Want Your Help ·Name: Ruby ·Age: 6 ·Breed (品种): Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Ruby is super friendly to new people and dogs alike. She can live with another dog in the home. She can also live with children. She doesn’t mind if there is a garden, as long as she gets enough exercise. ·Name: Reggy ·Age: 3 ·Breed: Rottweiler Mix Reggy is a little friendly dog. He’ll need a lively family, where the youngest family members are over the age of 18. He’s a great traveller in the car. Reggy must be the only pet at home and needs a small garden. ·Name: Maggy ·Age: Over 8 ·Breed: Greyhound Maggy likes the company of humans. Because of her nervous nature, she will be looking for a home where the youngest members of her family are over the age of 16. Maggy is happy to live with other pets. It’s really challenging for Maggy to travel in the car. Her new family should have a decent-sized (尺寸适中的) garden. 1．How old is Ruby? A．3 years old. B．6 years old. C．8 years old. D．9 years old. 2．Which dog can’t live with other pets? A．Ruby. B．Reggy. C．Maggy. D．None of the three dogs. 3．What do Reggy and Maggy have in common? A．They are difficult to get on. B．They don’t like to be with humans. C．They like travelling in a car. D．They like houses with a garden. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell people to protect dogs. B．To ask people to find a home for dogs. C．To present some problems about dogs. D．To introduce different homes of dogs. （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Do you like to keep an eye out for discount stickers (折扣标签) on food that is close to its sell-by date? Well those stickers might soon be a thing of the past, as supermarkets may start using AI to watch when prices need to be reduced. Some supermarkets in Europe are already using this pricing system, and have either digital price tags on the shelves, or high-tech stickers on the products themselves. The AI system checks if a product is about to expire (到期) on the shelf before it gets sold and then decides whether to reduce its price or not. If there is a lot of product left, its price might be greatly reduced. But if this time of year has been a period of high sales for this product and it’s likely to sell well now, there might be no reduction. Wasteless, an Israeli business organization, is providing this AI system to many supermarkets in Europe. It says the system can cut down the food waste in stores by a third. “The system not only stops food from expiring on the shelves, but also lets supermarkets know what products are not welcome,” the comp any said. But while dynamic (动态的) pricing might mean less food waste, it also makes it difficult for customers to understand how much the products cost in the beginning. And uncertain prices wouldn’t be friendly to people who don’t have a lot of money to spend. It could even make certain products more expensive in certain areas than in others, if they are in great need. 5．How does the AI decide to cut prices on food? A．By knowing how popular the food is online. B．By filling the shelves with lots of expired food. C．By asking customers about their shopping experiences. D．By checking if food is expiring soon or has too much left. 6．What does Wasteless claim about their AI system? A．It raises product prices during busy seasons. B．It forces supermarkets to use digital price tags. C．It makes discounts available to all customers. D．It helps supermarkets cut food waste by a third. 7．What does the writer think about dynamic pricing for customers? A．It makes prices clear. B．It helps to waste more food. C．It makes prices hard to predict. D．It helps people with less money. 8．What’s the best title for the text? A．Smart Pricing with AI B．AI and More Food Waste C．Price Tags in Supermarkets D．Problems with Changing Prices （2025·辽宁铁岭·三模） Everyone loves sunflowers for their cheerful beauty. Why not learn to plant them in plastic bags yourself? This article will guide you step by step in planting and caring for sunflower seeds. Begin when the temperature is the most suitable, be-tween 18℃ and 33℃. Part 1: Helping sunflower seeds start to germinate (发芽). ①Choose one kind that you like better. ②Put the seeds inside a plastic bag. Place wet paper towels on top of the seeds. Place them inside plastic bags. As soon as the seeds germinate; plant them. Part 2: Planting Sunflower Seeds ①Choose a place that gets a lot of sun. Sunflowers grow most healthily when they get six to eight hours of sunlight every day. ②Dig holes and put the seeds in them. Make sure the holes are 2.5 cm deep and the distance (距离) between each seed is 15 em. After that, cover the seeds with soil. Part 3: Taking Care of Sunflower Plants ①Water the plants weekly. Water the plants once a week. ②Add a little fertilizer or don’t add any at all. If you’re growing sunflowers just for fun, you don’t need to fertilize (施肥) them. ③Harvest (收获) the seeds. Sunflowers commonly take 80 to 120 days to reach maturity(成熟) and yield new seeds. Tips: ①Protect the young plants from pests (害虫). Cover the ground with nets. ②Provide support for plants measuring more than 90 cm in height using sticks. Are you prepared? Let’s get started! 9．The most suitable time to start planting sunflowers is between ________ according to the pas-sage? A．15℃ and 20℃ B．18℃ and 33℃ C．25℃ and 35℃ D．30℃ and 38℃ 10．According to the passage, when planting sunflower seeds, what are the correct depth of the holes and the distance between each seed? A．The depth is 2.0cm and the distance is 12cm. B．The depth is 2.5cm and the distance is 15cm. C．The depth is 3.0cm and the distance is 18cm. D．The depth is 3.5cm and the distance is 20cm. 11．If you grow sunflowers just for fun, what can you do about fertilizing? A．Fertilize them once a month. B．Fertilize them every week. C．Add a large amount of fertilizer. D．Add a little fertilizer or don’t add any at all. 12．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A nature encyclopedia (百科全书) B．A home decoration handbook C．A gardening magazine D．A children’s storybook （2025·辽宁锦州·三模） “If you don’t feel loved, go mountain climbing. After that, you will feel so tired that you won’t think about it.” Recently, a sign at Yuelu Mountain in Changsha, Hunan province has got much attention on social media platforms and has also become a must-visit for travelers. Many people go to the mountain to take pictures with the sign. It can be found on a small road near the west gate of the mountain. A worker from the Yuelu Mountain Scenic Area Management Office said the office did not put up the sign. It was actually put up by mountain climbing lovers. The “heart-shaped path” on Yuelu Mountain has also gone popular online recently. It was formed when people tried to explore a new path to climb the mountain. One can reach the mountain top, which is about 300 meters high, in about 30 minutes through a concrete (混凝土的) road. But the “heart-shaped path” is much longer and takes about three to four hours to complete. A 28-year-old girl ICE said she and her friends tried the “heart-shaped path” a few days ago and passed by the sign. “Many people do not exercise often and are not in very good health, so the sign is a way to joke about mountain climbing.” she said. Shu Pei teaches at a university. She said she often goes climbing. And when she last climbed the mountain, some of her friends who are younger than her couldn’t keep up. “Mountain climbing is a good way to make friends,” she said. 13．Which of the following is TRUE about the sign? A．It can make you feel loved. B．It has become popular online. C．It lies on the top of the mountain. D．It was put up by the local people. 14．What can we know about the “heart-shaped path”? A．It has been concreted over. B．It was created by climbers. C．It is about 300 meters long. D．It takes 30 minutes to finish. 15．What can we infer about Shu Pei? A．She has many young friends. B．She is a university PE teacher. C．She loves climbing mountains. D．She often exercises in the morning. 16．This passage is most probably from the part of ________ in a newspaper. A．culture B．business C．travel D．education （2025·辽宁锦州·三模） When we hear the name Leonardo da Vinci, most of us probably think of his famous paintings The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. But do you know that he also did well in many other areas? Leonardo da Vinci was considered to be one of the most talented and the cleverest people in history. He left behind many notebooks full of creative ideas and inventions. They were also full of different subjects that he was studying. He spelt words backwards (朝反方向) and reversed (使……反转) each letter. So his notes could only be read through the use of a mirror. This “mirror writing” might have helped protect his ideas from getting stolen by others. In his notebooks, there were designs for flying machines. However, people learned how to use machines to fly about 400 years later. Leonardo da Vinci drew pictures and designs of war machines, musical instruments and many other things as well. Besides, he was also interested in the human body. He studied the human body a lot. He described different parts of the body in his notebooks. One of his most famous drawings, the Vitruvian Man, imagines a man with perfect proportions (比例). Leonardo da Vinci also studied the bodies of horses, cows, frogs, monkeys and other animals. Leonardo da Vinci believed that science and art were closely connected. In his opinion, the study of science and nature helped shape his work as an artist. Do you agree with him? 17．What does the underlined “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Leonardo da Vinci’s ideas. B．Leonardo da Vinci’s paintings. C．Leonardo da Vinci’s designs. D．Leonardo da Vinci’s notebooks. 18．What can we know about Leonardo da Vinci’s idea from the text? A．Science and his artworks weren’t closely connected. B．All artists should learn to make scientific inventions. C．Learning science helped him make better works of art. D．The study of nature couldn’t improve his work as an artist. 19．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1;②= Paragraph 2;…) A． B． C． D． 20．What’s the main purpose of writing the text? A．To describe Leonardo da Vinci’s paintings. B．To introduce Leonardo da Vinci’s inventions. C．To let us know more about Leonardo da Vinci. D．To tell a funny story about Leonardo da Vinci. （2025·辽宁锦州·三模）China has made a big step forward in its aviation industry (航空业). The C919 is first home-grown airplane in China. It means that China is now able to build its own airplanes. It can carry between 158 and 192 passengers and can fly distances (距离) between 4,075 kilometers to 5, 555 kilometers. That’s enough to fly from one side of China to the other! China Eastern Airlines uses its C919s first. It is already using them on several routes within China. Air China and China Southern Airlines have just taken delivery (运输)of their first C919 airplanes. They plan to use these planes on many different routes. It means more people will get to fly on them. Up to now, more than 1,000 orders have been placed for the C919, and nine planes have been delivered. That’s a lot of interest in a new airplane! Air China, China Southern, and China Eastern have all ordered 100C919s each, and they expect to get all of them by 2031. The C919 is not just about flying people from one place to another. It’s also helping China to develop new technologies and improve its manufacturing (制造业) skills. This can lead to even more advanced (先进的) products in the future. China’s air travel market is growing-fast. In July, there were 69 million trips. It is a new record. As more people travel, the C919 airplanes will keep increasing. There will be more of them in the future. Experts predict that China’s air travel market will become the biggest in the world by 2043, and the C919 could be a big part of that growth. So, the C919 is not just an airplane; it’s a symbol of China’s progress and a sign of even greater things to come in aviation industry. 21．Why the C919 is important for China’s aviation. industry? A．Because it is a copy of a Boeing plane. B．Because it is the first airplane to carry 192 passengers. C．Because it is the only airplane used by Air China. D．Because it is the first airplane made by China. 22．The C919 is first used by ________ Airlines. A．Air China B．Airbus C．China Eastern D．China Southern 23．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Para.5? A．Trips. B．Records. C．Airplanes. D．Products. 24．What can we infer from the passage? A．China’s aviation industry has a bright and hopeful future. B．More than 10,000 orders have been placed for the C919. C．The C919 is only about carrying people to travel. D．More industries will be created because of the C919. （2025·辽宁朝阳·三模）Nowadays, few people know about Oracle Bone Script. But there are some people who still love and know about it. For example, in 2018, Jiang Yubin, a researcher, won 100,000 yuan for working out the ancient script in the picture. Look at the picture and guess what this ancient Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) means. Like Jiang, Li Ying is also a lover and researcher of Oracle Bone Script. The 27-year-old woman studied this unpopular subject. Recently, she became hot because of her videos about Oracle Bone Script. “You wouldn’t believe how funny my major (专业) appears to other people,” Li said in one of her videos. “Whenever I tell people what I study, they send me a shocked look like this (⊙ O)...” In her videos, Li usually talks about how people used to write with Oracle Bone Script and explains where Chinese characters (汉字) came from. She says that each Chinese character has a story behind it and explains why the character looks the way it does. To Li’s surprise, since her first video was put online in February 2023, Oracle Bone Script has been a hot topic on the Internet. “Parents and teachers have left messages and most of them are about how I get started with Oracle Bone Script and how to do research on it.” she said in another video. “Many told me to get serious with my time and start my work on the next video! Some students say they want to learn about Chinese culture by studying it.” People’s interest brought Li a sense of responsibility. She hopes to share more about Oracle Bone Script with others and help to discover more about Chinese history. 25．How does people feel about Li Ying’s major? A．Nervous. B．Satisfied. C．Surprised. D．Proud. 26．What can you get from Li Ying’s videos? A．How to create Oracle Bong Script. B．What the story behind, Chinese character is. C．When to research on Chinese culture. D．Where people can learn Chinese history. 27．What does “them” underlined in Paragraph 5 refer to (指的是)? A．Messages. B．Videos online. C．Researches. D．Parents and teachers. 28．From the text we can learn that________. A．Lots of people know well about Oracle Bone Script now. B．It’s easy to win a prize for knowing the ancient Oracle Bone Script. C．Li Ying will help share and discover, more behind Oracle Bone Script. D．Jiang Yubin spends much time making videos about Oracle Bone Script. （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Humans and most animals die in a few minutes without oxygen, but goldfish are able to stay alive for months in icy conditions in ponds or lakes in northern Europe. Researchers have now found the secrets behind this ability. In most animals there is a single set of proteins (蛋白质) that provides energy for their bodies. Without oxygen, goldfish’s bodies produce lactic acid (乳酸). which they can’t get rid of and which can kill them in minutes. Luckily, these fish have a second set of proteins. It can change the lactic acid to alcohol. And alcohol does no harm to them. The second set of proteins works only when there is no oxygen. The ice cover closes them off from the air. When the pond is ice-covered, the fish uses up all the oxygen soon and then the second set of proteins starts working. The longer they are in freezing airless conditions, the higher the alcohol levels in the fish become. The blood alcohol of goldfish can go up above 50 mg per 100 ml, which is the drink-driving limit in Scotland and some northern European countries. Scientists have worked out how long it would take to produce an alcoholic drink from the fish excretions (排泄物). If you put a goldfish into a beer glass and close it off, it will take 200 days to get it up to 4%. Some goldfish may die in winter. Though the fish are filled with alcohol. it’s not the drink that kills them. If the winter lasts too long, they will run out of the energy that’s stored in their bodies and die. 29．What does the underlined word “alcohol” most probably mean in Chinese? A．胃酸 B．酒精 C．体液 D．唾液 30．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．The drink-driving limit in Scotland is above 50 mg per 100 ml of blood alcohol. B．The goldfish’s blood alcohol levels always stay the same. C．The oxygen in the ice-covered pond can be used by the goldfish for a long time. D．Some goldfish die in winter because of high blood alcohol levels. 31．How long does it take a goldfish to produce a beer glass of alcoholic drink? A．200 days. B．2,000 days. C．3,000 days. D．5,000 days. 32．What’s the main idea of the text? A．How goldfish live through cold winter. B．How goldfish produce alcohol in winter. C．How goldfish use the second set of proteins. D．How goldfish keep alive without oxygen. （2025·辽宁沈阳·三模） Wearing a pink hairpin (发卡), a white T-shirt and pink shorts, a “girl” who looks three or four years old has caught much attention at the exhibition of the 2024 Zhongguancun Forum (论坛) in Beijing. The “girl”, named Tong Tong, is a new artificial intelligence (AI) robot, according to Zhu Songchun, the developer of the product. After being programmed to keep things tidy, Tong Tong independently got a towel to clean up spilled (溢出的) milk when she noticed it on the table—the behaviour came from her own decision made based on a guide of value, instead of a preset (预先设置的) programme. “Unlike the common AI, she can understand your words, guess your purposes and offer help,” said Zhu, adding that Tong Tong is expected to be used in different situations of other fields, including emergency, transportation (运输); education and health care. AI industry is developing quickly in China. According to the information from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工信部), the total scale (规模) of China’s core (核心) AI industry has reached 500 billion yuan, and the number of related businesses has been over 4,400. In the field of driving, driverless cars with AI technology can choose the way by themselves, with a proper speed and a smooth ride on different roads. In the medical field, robots with AI systems can help with operations, which leads to reducing pain after operations and cutting hospital stays short. The large language model, the LLM, has become the main part of AI development. Official data (数据) show that China’s number of self-developed LLMs has come second in the world. One LLM named Ernie Bot provides different services, such as designing speeches, business plans and instructions, as well as drawing mind maps, covering many parts of work and life. “More and more creative AI product forms are expected to be seen in 2024,” said Wu Hequan, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering (工程院). “China is a leading country in the Internet field, and will also be a leading country m AI applıcation.” 33．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing ideas. C．By giving an example. D．By raising a question. 34．What does the writer infer (推断) according to Tong-Tong’s behaviour? A．Tong Tong is like the common AI. B．Tong Tong can completely know our purposes. C．Tong Tong needs instructions before doing something. D．Robots before Tong Tong did things based on preset programmes. 35．What can we know from the passage? A．Driverless cars run faster than the ones driven by humans. B．AI can make speeches, business plans and give instructions. C．Thanks to AI robots, patients may spend less time in hospital. D．Driverless cars choose the route with the help of the human drivers. 36．What is the main idea of this passage? A．China hugs AI B．How to use AI C．The development of AI D．The Zhongguaneun Forum （2025·辽宁沈阳·三模） We all love our phones, but using them too much can cause problems. Did you know most people check their phones over 50 times a day? Many teens feel uneasy when they don’t have their phones nearby. Here’s how to control without giving up your phone. A good way to use your phone less is to pick a special time each day. Choose 30 minutes after school just for phone use. During this time, really focus on what you’re doing—watch videos, message friends, or play games. But when time’s up, put your phone away. Next, fight those noisy dings and buzzes. Turn off all notices except for important ones. Imagine this: Your phone stays quiet during homework hours, but still rings if your mom needs you. This simple change reduces the brain’s ideas of “check it now”. Without these, you’ll feel less pulled to check your phone every minute. Create places where phones aren’t allowed. Keep your phone out of these three places: the dinner table—talk to family instead, your bed—charge (充电) it in the kitchen overnight, and study areas. Try the “Doorway Method”: leave your phone by the front door when you get home, and only check it there when truly needed. Scientists found that about 1/3 of phone time is just habit, not something we truly enjoy. That’s why the methods are mentioned above. By making such small changes, you can save over 2 hours daily! Use that extra time to read, play outsıde, or try a new hobby. Remember what an old Greek teacher once said, “Real freedom comes from controlling yourself.” Phones are tools, not bosses. Start small: Try one tip this week. Your phone will remain there while you take control of it. 37．What does the underlined word “uneasy” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．calm B．nervous C．relaxed D．afraid 38．What can we do to use the phone less according to the text? A．Charge the phone in the bedroom at night. B．Keep all the notices on to know what’s happening. C．Bring the phone to the dinner table to share interesting things. D．Pick a special time each day and focus on other things when it’s over. 39．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2) A． B． C． D． 40．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this text? A．To tell people to throw away their phones. B．To introduce the latest uses of mobile phones. C．To complain about the negative effects of mobile phones. D．To encourage people to control phone use and gain more free time. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解之说明文 （三年中考+一年模拟） 三年中考 2025年真题 （2025·辽宁·中考真题）We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot (赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. It can help us sleep better and feel rested in mind and body. It can also build our foot muscles (肌肉) and improve our balance. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, walking barefoot can be good for our health. When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe. People with health problems like flat feet or back pain should avoid this practice. What’s more, walking barefoot in cold or wet environments might cause health problems. To make walking barefoot safe, remember the following points: ·Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand. ·Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass. ·Keep shoes at hand if you worry that your feet will get too sore. ·Listen to your body—stop if you feel pain or discomfort. Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. 1．Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? A．Dancing in the rain. B．Stepping on fallen leaves. C．Digging in the soil. D．Walking without shoes on. 2．What does the underlined word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Make. C．Value. D．Reduce. 3．According to the text, remember to ________ when you are walking barefoot. A．try a cold surface B．practice on hard rocks C．find a safe place D．walk in wet environments 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The introduction to health problems. B．The suggestions on outdoor activities. C．The information about walking barefoot. D．The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 【知识点】科普知识、方法/策略、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了赤脚行走的益处和安全实践的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“but my favourite is walking barefoot”可知，作者最喜欢的亲近自然的方式是赤脚行走。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time.”可知，若脚疼需休息或“减少”时间，结合选项，“curtail”意为“减少”，与选项D“Reduce”意义相近。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand.”可知，赤脚行走时需选择安全的地方。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章围绕赤脚行走展开，介绍了其益处、适应方法、安全建议等，核心内容是“关于赤脚行走的信息”。故选C。 2024年真题 （2024·辽宁·中考真题）We’re plants. Give us your care and we will bring joy to you. Please take us home, will you? PLANTS Get to know us Flowers We bring bright colors! Houseplants We are green and light up rooms! Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care! Vegetables How about home-grown food? Give us a home We can live in a pot. It can be put near a window, by a sofa or under a tree. Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun. We love it, too. Care for us Spring We may need fertilizers (化肥). Summer We hate harmful insects. Autumn We need less water. Winter Give us a larger home if necessary. 5．According to the text, ________ don’t need much care. A．flowers B．houseplants C．succulents D．vegetables 6．It’s fun to put a pot of plants ________. A．on a wall B．by a sofa C．near a window D．under a tree 7．Plants need to be protected from harmful insects, especially in ________. A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 8．Which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken from? A．Art. B．Life. C．Sports. D．History. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 【知识点】植物、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些植物。 5．细节理解题。根据“Succulents (多肉植物) We don’t need much care!”可知，多肉植物不太需要照顾，故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据“Placing us on a wall will bring you much fun.”可知，把植物挂在墙上会给你带来很多乐趣。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“Summer We hate harmful insects.”可知，尤其是在夏天需要保护植物不受有害昆虫的侵害，故选B。 8．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些植物，所以可能在杂志的生活版块看到这篇文章，故选B。 2023年真题 （2023·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）Chocolate is made from the seeds (种子) of cocoa trees (可可树). The seeds come in football-shaped pods (豆荚). A pod is about 15 to 30 centimeters long, 8 to 10 centimeters wide. When you break a pod, you’ll find 20 to 60 seeds. You take out these seeds, cover them up in banana leaves and leave them for about a week. This process is called fermentation (发酵). It is similar to the process of making yogurt. After the fermentation, you dry them, clean them, heat them and break them. Then you get something with a smell of chocolate. It is heated and separated into cocoa butter. When you mix it with milk or sometimes vegetable oil, and sugar, you get different kinds of chocolate. Chocolate is not a good choice if you want to lose weight, but it is a good source (来源) of vitamins and minerals (矿物质). You should be careful not to eat too much because it may cause some people to have a headache. It can also cause skin problems in some people. But recent surveys have found that chocolate helps people improve the ability to understand or remember things. It is also said that chocolate helps many people sleep better. We might have to wait for more research, but we all know that we love chocolate! 9．After reading the first paragraph, we know that __________. A．the seeds come in the tree leaves B．the shape of a pod is like a football C．a seed is about 15 to 30 cm long D．there is only one seed in a pod 10．In the fermentation process, the seeds are __________. A．kept for about a week B．covered up in cocoa tree leaves C．mixed with yogurt D．dried and cleaned at first 11．Chocolate is good for health because __________. A．it can solve skin problems B．it helps people to lose weight C．it provides people with vitamins and minerals D．it makes people who have a headache feel better 12．Which might be the best title (题目) for the passage? A．How to make chocolate B．Facts about chocolate C．A healthy food—chocolate D．Say no to chocolate 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B 【知识点】食物、科普知识、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了巧克力的制作过程，不要吃太多巧克力的原因以及最近调查发现它有助于人们提高理解或记忆的能力。 9．细节理解题。根据“The seeds come in football-shaped pods”可知，豆荚种子呈足球状，故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据“You take out these seeds, cover them up in banana leaves and leave them for about a week. This process is called fermentation”可知，发酵持续大概一周，故选A。 11．细节理解题。根据“Chocolate is not a good choice if you want to lose weight, but it is a good source (来源) of vitamins and minerals ”可知，它为人们提供维生素和矿物质，故选C。 12．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了巧克力的一些事实，包括它的制作过程，它对人体的帮助以及影响，所以最适合本文的标题是：关于巧克力的事实，故选B。 （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题） The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out the importance of reading and calls on people to read more books, so shared bookhouses have appeared in many places. Reading has become a trend in our country. A reading campaign (行动) took place in Shenyang in April, 2023. Many people took part in it. Li Hong, a girl from a junior high school, said, “My mother and I took part in the campaign because both of us like reading. Books are our necessary furniture in our house. I know a lot about Chinese classic (经典的) works. Reading makes my life colourful and will change my dream into reality (现实).” Reading is one thing, but knowing how to read and what to read is another. There are mainly three kinds of reading: recreational reading, study-type reading and survey reading. Recreational reading can bring you much fun. You can read at a relaxed speed. Study-type reading usually needs you to read the text very carefully to understand the ideas and details. Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need. What kind of books should you read? Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like. Good books can lift you to a higher plane (境界). Whatever you read, read with interest, with the whole mind. Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding (有益的)! 13．What can we infer (推断) about Li Hong from the second paragraph? A．There is no other furniture in her house but books. B．Her mother teaches Chinese in a junior high school. C．She has probably read the book Journey to the West. D．She has changed her dream because of the campaign. 14．Which of the following probably belongs to survey reading? A．Learning a long poem at a relaxed speed. B．Reading a novel carefully to write a report. C．Enjoying interesting comic strips as you like. D．Searching newspapers quickly for something. 15．What kind of books should we read according to Emerson? A．Books that are well known. B．Books that cost a lot of money. C．Books that are about rules. D．Books that come out within a year. 16．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To introduce a reading campaign. B．To advise us to build bookhouses. C．To encourage people to read books. D．To tell us about some classic works. 【答案】13．C 14．D 15．A 16．C 【知识点】阅读、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了读书在全国成为一种趋势，并谈论了如何读书和读什么书，鼓励人们读书。 13．推理判断题。根据“I know a lot about Chinese classic works.”可知李红对中国古典名著了解很多，由此推出她可能读过经典名著《西游记》。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据“Survey reading is a way of reading fast to get the main idea or find the information you need.”可知概括性阅读是一种快速阅读的方式，以获得主要思想或找到你需要的信息，由此推出在报纸上快速搜索属于概括性阅读。故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据“Emerson, a great writer and thinker, had three rules: never read a book that is not a year old; never read any but famous books; never read a book you don’t like.”可知爱默生认为永远不要读一本未满一年的书、只读名著、永远不要读你不喜欢的书。故选A。 16．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了读书在全国成为一种趋势，并谈论了如何读书和读什么书，鼓励人们读书。结合“Try to be a best reader. If you are getting the most out of a book, you will do things more confidently. Reading is rewarding!”可知写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们读书。故选C。 （2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park? It is our own “Amazon”. If you travel there, what can you enjoy?Animals The park is home to Hainan gibbons (长臂猿). They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They eat fruits and leaves from over 130 kinds of plants. In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park. In 2022, there were 36 because people protected their homes and planted trees. Plants The park is a “live museum” of plants. It is also the home to 133 kinds of national key protected plants. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is an example. It has big, feather-like leaves. It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years. It probably won’t grow flowers or fruits in North China. But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis over 10 years old blossom (开花) and bear fruits almost every year. Culture Miao and Li people have lived in the park for generations (世代). Their houses look like upside-down boats. They are built above the ground to keep away animals. Li people make clothes from bark (树皮). Their history of tree bark clothing dates back to about 10,000 years ago. Some people still use bark clothing nowadays. 17．What was the population of Hainan gibbons in the 1980s? A．Less than 10. B．More than 30. C．Nearly 130. D．Only 133. 18．What can we know about cycas hainanensis from the text? A．It can grow very quickly. B．It never grows flowers. C．It can live up to 200 years. D．It has very small leaves. 19．What is tree bark used to do by Li people? A．To avoid animals. B．To build houses. C．To produce boats. D．To make clothes. 20．In which part of a magazine can we probably find the text? A．Art. B．Travel. C．Health. D．Sports. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 【知识点】旅行、常见动物、说明文、中华文化、植物 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园的长臂猿、海南苏铁以及当地文化。 17．细节理解题。根据“In the 1980s, there were fewer than 10 gibbons in the park.”可知，在20世纪80年代，公园里只有不到10只长臂猿。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据“It grows slowly, but can live as long as 200 years.”可知，海南苏铁生长缓慢，但是可以活200年。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“Li people make clothes from bark (树皮).”可知，黎族人用树皮做衣服。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据“Have you ever heard of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park?”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了海南热带雨林国家公园的动植物及风土人情，属于旅游范畴，故可以在杂志中的“旅游”版块读到此文章。故选B。 一年模拟 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Little Dogs Want Your Help ·Name: Ruby ·Age: 6 ·Breed (品种): Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Ruby is super friendly to new people and dogs alike. She can live with another dog in the home. She can also live with children. She doesn’t mind if there is a garden, as long as she gets enough exercise. ·Name: Reggy ·Age: 3 ·Breed: Rottweiler Mix Reggy is a little friendly dog. He’ll need a lively family, where the youngest family members are over the age of 18. He’s a great traveller in the car. Reggy must be the only pet at home and needs a small garden. ·Name: Maggy ·Age: Over 8 ·Breed: Greyhound Maggy likes the company of humans. Because of her nervous nature, she will be looking for a home where the youngest members of her family are over the age of 16. Maggy is happy to live with other pets. It’s really challenging for Maggy to travel in the car. Her new family should have a decent-sized (尺寸适中的) garden. 1．How old is Ruby? A．3 years old. B．6 years old. C．8 years old. D．9 years old. 2．Which dog can’t live with other pets? A．Ruby. B．Reggy. C．Maggy. D．None of the three dogs. 3．What do Reggy and Maggy have in common? A．They are difficult to get on. B．They don’t like to be with humans. C．They like travelling in a car. D．They like houses with a garden. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell people to protect dogs. B．To ask people to find a home for dogs. C．To present some problems about dogs. D．To introduce different homes of dogs. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三只小狗的基本信息和领养需求，旨在帮助它们寻找合适的家庭。 1．细节理解题。根据表格中Ruby的信息“·Age: 6”可知，Ruby的年龄是6岁。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Reggy的描述“Reggy must be the only pet at home”可知，Reggy不能与其他宠物一起生活。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据Reggy的描述“needs a small garden”和Maggy的描述“Her new family should have a decent-sized garden”可知，Reggy和Maggy都喜欢有花园的房子。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据标题“Little Dogs Want Your Help”以及文中对每只狗的介绍（包括性格、年龄、居住需求等）可知，本文的目的是希望人们为这些狗狗找到一个合适的家。故选B。 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Do you like to keep an eye out for discount stickers (折扣标签) on food that is close to its sell-by date? Well those stickers might soon be a thing of the past, as supermarkets may start using AI to watch when prices need to be reduced. Some supermarkets in Europe are already using this pricing system, and have either digital price tags on the shelves, or high-tech stickers on the products themselves. The AI system checks if a product is about to expire (到期) on the shelf before it gets sold and then decides whether to reduce its price or not. If there is a lot of product left, its price might be greatly reduced. But if this time of year has been a period of high sales for this product and it’s likely to sell well now, there might be no reduction. Wasteless, an Israeli business organization, is providing this AI system to many supermarkets in Europe. It says the system can cut down the food waste in stores by a third. “The system not only stops food from expiring on the shelves, but also lets supermarkets know what products are not welcome,” the comp any said. But while dynamic (动态的) pricing might mean less food waste, it also makes it difficult for customers to understand how much the products cost in the beginning. And uncertain prices wouldn’t be friendly to people who don’t have a lot of money to spend. It could even make certain products more expensive in certain areas than in others, if they are in great need. 5．How does the AI decide to cut prices on food? A．By knowing how popular the food is online. B．By filling the shelves with lots of expired food. C．By asking customers about their shopping experiences. D．By checking if food is expiring soon or has too much left. 6．What does Wasteless claim about their AI system? A．It raises product prices during busy seasons. B．It forces supermarkets to use digital price tags. C．It makes discounts available to all customers. D．It helps supermarkets cut food waste by a third. 7．What does the writer think about dynamic pricing for customers? A．It makes prices clear. B．It helps to waste more food. C．It makes prices hard to predict. D．It helps people with less money. 8．What’s the best title for the text? A．Smart Pricing with AI B．AI and More Food Waste C．Price Tags in Supermarkets D．Problems with Changing Prices 【答案】5．D 6．D 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文主要介绍超市利用AI动态定价以减少食物浪费，并分析了其优缺点。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“The AI system checks if a product is about to expire (到期) on the shelf before it gets sold and then decides whether to reduce its price or not.”可知，AI通过检查食品是否快过期或剩余过多来决定降价，故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“It says the system can cut down the food waste in stores by a third.”可知，该系统能减少三分之一的食物浪费，故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段“it also makes it difficult for customers to understand how much the products cost in the beginning”可知，动态定价让价格难以预测，故选C。 8．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Well those stickers might soon be a thing of the past, as supermarkets may start using AI to watch when prices need to be reduced.”以及通读全文可知，全文主要介绍超市利用AI动态定价以减少食物浪费，并分析了其优缺点。选项A“智能定价与人工智能”符合要求。故选A。 （2025·辽宁铁岭·三模） Everyone loves sunflowers for their cheerful beauty. Why not learn to plant them in plastic bags yourself? This article will guide you step by step in planting and caring for sunflower seeds. Begin when the temperature is the most suitable, be-tween 18℃ and 33℃. Part 1: Helping sunflower seeds start to germinate (发芽). ①Choose one kind that you like better. ②Put the seeds inside a plastic bag. Place wet paper towels on top of the seeds. Place them inside plastic bags. As soon as the seeds germinate; plant them. Part 2: Planting Sunflower Seeds ①Choose a place that gets a lot of sun. Sunflowers grow most healthily when they get six to eight hours of sunlight every day. ②Dig holes and put the seeds in them. Make sure the holes are 2.5 cm deep and the distance (距离) between each seed is 15 em. After that, cover the seeds with soil. Part 3: Taking Care of Sunflower Plants ①Water the plants weekly. Water the plants once a week. ②Add a little fertilizer or don’t add any at all. If you’re growing sunflowers just for fun, you don’t need to fertilize (施肥) them. ③Harvest (收获) the seeds. Sunflowers commonly take 80 to 120 days to reach maturity(成熟) and yield new seeds. Tips: ①Protect the young plants from pests (害虫). Cover the ground with nets. ②Provide support for plants measuring more than 90 cm in height using sticks. Are you prepared? Let’s get started! 9．The most suitable time to start planting sunflowers is between ________ according to the pas-sage? A．15℃ and 20℃ B．18℃ and 33℃ C．25℃ and 35℃ D．30℃ and 38℃ 10．According to the passage, when planting sunflower seeds, what are the correct depth of the holes and the distance between each seed? A．The depth is 2.0cm and the distance is 12cm. B．The depth is 2.5cm and the distance is 15cm. C．The depth is 3.0cm and the distance is 18cm. D．The depth is 3.5cm and the distance is 20cm. 11．If you grow sunflowers just for fun, what can you do about fertilizing? A．Fertilize them once a month. B．Fertilize them every week. C．Add a large amount of fertilizer. D．Add a little fertilizer or don’t add any at all. 12．Where is this passage most probably from? A．A nature encyclopedia (百科全书) B．A home decoration handbook C．A gardening magazine D．A children’s storybook 【答案】9．B 10．B 11．D 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何在塑料袋中种植和照料向日葵的步骤和技巧。 9．细节理解题。根据“Begin when the temperature is the most suitable, between 18℃ and 33℃.”可知，种植向日葵的最佳温度范围是18℃至33℃。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据文章Part 2: Planting Sunflower Seeds中的“Make sure the holes are 2.5 cm deep and the distance between each seed is 15 cm.”可知，种植向日葵时，洞的深度应为2.5厘米，种子之间的距离应为15厘米。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据文章Part 3: Taking Care of Sunflower Plants中的“Add a little fertilizer or don’t add any at all. If you’re growing sunflowers just for fun, you don’need to fertilize them.”可知，如果只是为了乐趣种植向日葵，可以少施肥或不施肥。故选D。 12．推理判断题。文章内容围绕种植向日葵的具体步骤和技巧展开，属于园艺类指导性文章，因此最可能出自“园艺杂志”。故选C。 （2025·辽宁锦州·三模） “If you don’t feel loved, go mountain climbing. After that, you will feel so tired that you won’t think about it.” Recently, a sign at Yuelu Mountain in Changsha, Hunan province has got much attention on social media platforms and has also become a must-visit for travelers. Many people go to the mountain to take pictures with the sign. It can be found on a small road near the west gate of the mountain. A worker from the Yuelu Mountain Scenic Area Management Office said the office did not put up the sign. It was actually put up by mountain climbing lovers. The “heart-shaped path” on Yuelu Mountain has also gone popular online recently. It was formed when people tried to explore a new path to climb the mountain. One can reach the mountain top, which is about 300 meters high, in about 30 minutes through a concrete (混凝土的) road. But the “heart-shaped path” is much longer and takes about three to four hours to complete. A 28-year-old girl ICE said she and her friends tried the “heart-shaped path” a few days ago and passed by the sign. “Many people do not exercise often and are not in very good health, so the sign is a way to joke about mountain climbing.” she said. Shu Pei teaches at a university. She said she often goes climbing. And when she last climbed the mountain, some of her friends who are younger than her couldn’t keep up. “Mountain climbing is a good way to make friends,” she said. 13．Which of the following is TRUE about the sign? A．It can make you feel loved. B．It has become popular online. C．It lies on the top of the mountain. D．It was put up by the local people. 14．What can we know about the “heart-shaped path”? A．It has been concreted over. B．It was created by climbers. C．It is about 300 meters long. D．It takes 30 minutes to finish. 15．What can we infer about Shu Pei? A．She has many young friends. B．She is a university PE teacher. C．She loves climbing mountains. D．She often exercises in the morning. 16．This passage is most probably from the part of ________ in a newspaper. A．culture B．business C．travel D．education 【答案】13．B 14．B 15．C 16．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了湖南长沙岳麓山上一个有趣的标语牌以及山上“心形路线”的流行情况，并介绍了人们对这些现象的看法和体验。 13．细节理解题。根据“Recently, a sign at Yuelu Mountain in Changsha, Hunan province has got much attention on social media platforms and has also become a must-visit for travelers.”可知，这个标语牌在网上很受欢迎。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据“The ‘heart-shaped path’ on Yuelu Mountain has also gone popular online recently. It was formed when people tried to explore a new path to climb the mountain.”可知，“心形路线”是由登山者创造的。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据“Shu Pei teaches at a university. She said she often goes climbing.”可知，舒佩经常去爬山，可以推断出她喜欢爬山。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了湖南长沙岳麓山上的一个标语牌和“心形路线”的流行情况，以及人们对这些现象的看法和体验，这些内容都与旅游相关，所以最可能出自报纸的旅游部分。故选C。 （2025·辽宁锦州·三模） When we hear the name Leonardo da Vinci, most of us probably think of his famous paintings The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. But do you know that he also did well in many other areas? Leonardo da Vinci was considered to be one of the most talented and the cleverest people in history. He left behind many notebooks full of creative ideas and inventions. They were also full of different subjects that he was studying. He spelt words backwards (朝反方向) and reversed (使……反转) each letter. So his notes could only be read through the use of a mirror. This “mirror writing” might have helped protect his ideas from getting stolen by others. In his notebooks, there were designs for flying machines. However, people learned how to use machines to fly about 400 years later. Leonardo da Vinci drew pictures and designs of war machines, musical instruments and many other things as well. Besides, he was also interested in the human body. He studied the human body a lot. He described different parts of the body in his notebooks. One of his most famous drawings, the Vitruvian Man, imagines a man with perfect proportions (比例). Leonardo da Vinci also studied the bodies of horses, cows, frogs, monkeys and other animals. Leonardo da Vinci believed that science and art were closely connected. In his opinion, the study of science and nature helped shape his work as an artist. Do you agree with him? 17．What does the underlined “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Leonardo da Vinci’s ideas. B．Leonardo da Vinci’s paintings. C．Leonardo da Vinci’s designs. D．Leonardo da Vinci’s notebooks. 18．What can we know about Leonardo da Vinci’s idea from the text? A．Science and his artworks weren’t closely connected. B．All artists should learn to make scientific inventions. C．Learning science helped him make better works of art. D．The study of nature couldn’t improve his work as an artist. 19．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1;②= Paragraph 2;…) A． B． C． D． 20．What’s the main purpose of writing the text? A．To describe Leonardo da Vinci’s paintings. B．To introduce Leonardo da Vinci’s inventions. C．To let us know more about Leonardo da Vinci. D．To tell a funny story about Leonardo da Vinci. 【答案】17．D 18．C 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了达·芬奇在艺术之外的其他领域也有卓越的表现。 17．词义猜测题。根据“He left behind many notebooks full of creative ideas and inventions. They were also full of different subjects that he was studying.”可知，他留下了许多充满创意和发明的笔记本，它们也充满了他正在研究的不同物品，故此处划线部分指代“达·芬奇的笔记本”。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“In his opinion, the study of science and nature helped shape his work as an artist.”可知，达·芬奇认为科学对其艺术有积极影响。故选C。 19．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题；第二至四段介绍了达·芬奇留下了许多充满创意和发明的笔记本；第五段介绍达·芬奇对科学和艺术的关系的看法。选项B符合文章结构。故选B。 20．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了达·芬奇在艺术之外的其他领域也有卓越的表现，让我们更加了解达·芬奇。故选C。 （2025·辽宁锦州·三模）China has made a big step forward in its aviation industry (航空业). The C919 is first home-grown airplane in China. It means that China is now able to build its own airplanes. It can carry between 158 and 192 passengers and can fly distances (距离) between 4,075 kilometers to 5, 555 kilometers. That’s enough to fly from one side of China to the other! China Eastern Airlines uses its C919s first. It is already using them on several routes within China. Air China and China Southern Airlines have just taken delivery (运输)of their first C919 airplanes. They plan to use these planes on many different routes. It means more people will get to fly on them. Up to now, more than 1,000 orders have been placed for the C919, and nine planes have been delivered. That’s a lot of interest in a new airplane! Air China, China Southern, and China Eastern have all ordered 100C919s each, and they expect to get all of them by 2031. The C919 is not just about flying people from one place to another. It’s also helping China to develop new technologies and improve its manufacturing (制造业) skills. This can lead to even more advanced (先进的) products in the future. China’s air travel market is growing-fast. In July, there were 69 million trips. It is a new record. As more people travel, the C919 airplanes will keep increasing. There will be more of them in the future. Experts predict that China’s air travel market will become the biggest in the world by 2043, and the C919 could be a big part of that growth. So, the C919 is not just an airplane; it’s a symbol of China’s progress and a sign of even greater things to come in aviation industry. 21．Why the C919 is important for China’s aviation. industry? A．Because it is a copy of a Boeing plane. B．Because it is the first airplane to carry 192 passengers. C．Because it is the only airplane used by Air China. D．Because it is the first airplane made by China. 22．The C919 is first used by ________ Airlines. A．Air China B．Airbus C．China Eastern D．China Southern 23．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Para.5? A．Trips. B．Records. C．Airplanes. D．Products. 24．What can we infer from the passage? A．China’s aviation industry has a bright and hopeful future. B．More than 10,000 orders have been placed for the C919. C．The C919 is only about carrying people to travel. D．More industries will be created because of the C919. 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．C 24．A 【导语】本文讲述了C919大型客机作为中国首款自主研发的民用飞机的重要意义和发展现状。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段“China has made a big step forward in its aviation industry (航空业) with the C919, the country’s first home-grown airplane. ”可知，C919是中国首架自主研发的客机，标志着中国航空业的重大突破。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据“China Eastern Airlines, which got its C919s first”可知，东航为首家接收C919的航司。故选C。 23．词义猜测题。根据“As more people travel, the C919 airplanes will keep increasing. There will be more of them in the future. ”可知，随着越来越多的人出行，C919飞机将继续增加。“them”指代前文的airplanes（飞机），表示人们对未来飞机的数量需求会更多，故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据“Up to now, more than 1,000 orders have been placed for the C919, and nine planes have been delivered. ”可知，C919已获超1000架订单；根据“China’s air travel market is growing fast. ”可知，中国航空市场快速增长；根据“Experts predict that China’s air travel market will become the biggest in the world by 2043”可知，专家预测2043年成全球最大的市场。从以上几点可以推断中国的航空业有着光明而充满希望的未来，故选A。 （2025·辽宁朝阳·三模）Nowadays, few people know about Oracle Bone Script. But there are some people who still love and know about it. For example, in 2018, Jiang Yubin, a researcher, won 100,000 yuan for working out the ancient script in the picture. Look at the picture and guess what this ancient Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) means. Like Jiang, Li Ying is also a lover and researcher of Oracle Bone Script. The 27-year-old woman studied this unpopular subject. Recently, she became hot because of her videos about Oracle Bone Script. “You wouldn’t believe how funny my major (专业) appears to other people,” Li said in one of her videos. “Whenever I tell people what I study, they send me a shocked look like this (⊙ O)...” In her videos, Li usually talks about how people used to write with Oracle Bone Script and explains where Chinese characters (汉字) came from. She says that each Chinese character has a story behind it and explains why the character looks the way it does. To Li’s surprise, since her first video was put online in February 2023, Oracle Bone Script has been a hot topic on the Internet. “Parents and teachers have left messages and most of them are about how I get started with Oracle Bone Script and how to do research on it.” she said in another video. “Many told me to get serious with my time and start my work on the next video! Some students say they want to learn about Chinese culture by studying it.” People’s interest brought Li a sense of responsibility. She hopes to share more about Oracle Bone Script with others and help to discover more about Chinese history. 25．How does people feel about Li Ying’s major? A．Nervous. B．Satisfied. C．Surprised. D．Proud. 26．What can you get from Li Ying’s videos? A．How to create Oracle Bong Script. B．What the story behind, Chinese character is. C．When to research on Chinese culture. D．Where people can learn Chinese history. 27．What does “them” underlined in Paragraph 5 refer to (指的是)? A．Messages. B．Videos online. C．Researches. D．Parents and teachers. 28．From the text we can learn that________. A．Lots of people know well about Oracle Bone Script now. B．It’s easy to win a prize for knowing the ancient Oracle Bone Script. C．Li Ying will help share and discover, more behind Oracle Bone Script. D．Jiang Yubin spends much time making videos about Oracle Bone Script. 【答案】25．C 26．B 27．A 28．C 【导语】本文介绍了李颖对甲骨文的热爱和研究，以及她通过视频分享甲骨文的故事和历史。 25．细节理解题。根据“Whenever I tell people what I study, they send me a shocked look…”可知，人们感到很震惊。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“In her videos, Li usually talks about how people used to write with Oracle Bone Script and explains where Chinese characters (汉字) came from. She says that each Chinese character has a story behind it and explains why the character looks the way it does.”可知，从她的视频我们可以知道汉字背后的故事是什么。故选B。 27．词句猜测题。根据“‘Parents and teachers have left messages and most of them are about how I get started with Oracle Bone Script and how to do research on it.’”可知，家长和老师都留言了，其中大多数都是关于我如何开始甲骨文以及如何对其进行研究的。因此them指代家长和老师的留言。故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据“She hopes to share more about Oracle Bone Script with others and help to discover more about Chinese history.”可知，她希望与其他人分享更多关于甲骨文的内容，并帮助发现更多关于中国历史的知识。故选C。 （2025·辽宁盘锦·二模）Humans and most animals die in a few minutes without oxygen, but goldfish are able to stay alive for months in icy conditions in ponds or lakes in northern Europe. Researchers have now found the secrets behind this ability. In most animals there is a single set of proteins (蛋白质) that provides energy for their bodies. Without oxygen, goldfish’s bodies produce lactic acid (乳酸). which they can’t get rid of and which can kill them in minutes. Luckily, these fish have a second set of proteins. It can change the lactic acid to alcohol. And alcohol does no harm to them. The second set of proteins works only when there is no oxygen. The ice cover closes them off from the air. When the pond is ice-covered, the fish uses up all the oxygen soon and then the second set of proteins starts working. The longer they are in freezing airless conditions, the higher the alcohol levels in the fish become. The blood alcohol of goldfish can go up above 50 mg per 100 ml, which is the drink-driving limit in Scotland and some northern European countries. Scientists have worked out how long it would take to produce an alcoholic drink from the fish excretions (排泄物). If you put a goldfish into a beer glass and close it off, it will take 200 days to get it up to 4%. Some goldfish may die in winter. Though the fish are filled with alcohol. it’s not the drink that kills them. If the winter lasts too long, they will run out of the energy that’s stored in their bodies and die. 29．What does the underlined word “alcohol” most probably mean in Chinese? A．胃酸 B．酒精 C．体液 D．唾液 30．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．The drink-driving limit in Scotland is above 50 mg per 100 ml of blood alcohol. B．The goldfish’s blood alcohol levels always stay the same. C．The oxygen in the ice-covered pond can be used by the goldfish for a long time. D．Some goldfish die in winter because of high blood alcohol levels. 31．How long does it take a goldfish to produce a beer glass of alcoholic drink? A．200 days. B．2,000 days. C．3,000 days. D．5,000 days. 32．What’s the main idea of the text? A．How goldfish live through cold winter. B．How goldfish produce alcohol in winter. C．How goldfish use the second set of proteins. D．How goldfish keep alive without oxygen. 【答案】29．B 30．A 31．D 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要揭示了金鱼在无氧环境下的生存奥秘。 29．词义猜测题。根据“alcohol does no harm to them”及“blood alcohol”等语境，结合常识可知，金鱼产生的“alcohol”与人类饮品中的“酒精”一致。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“The blood alcohol of goldfish can go up above 50 mg per 100 ml, which is the drink-driving limit in Scotland...”可知，苏格兰的酒驾标准是血液酒精含量超过50毫克/100毫升。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据“it will take 200 days to get it up to 4%”可知，金鱼需要200天才能在啤酒杯中产生4%含酒精的饮品，产生100%需要200*（100%/4%）=5000，故选D。 32．主旨大意题。全文围绕金鱼在无氧条件下的生存能力展开，重点解释其通过第二套蛋白质将乳酸转化为酒精的机制。故选D。 （2025·辽宁沈阳·三模） Wearing a pink hairpin (发卡), a white T-shirt and pink shorts, a “girl” who looks three or four years old has caught much attention at the exhibition of the 2024 Zhongguancun Forum (论坛) in Beijing. The “girl”, named Tong Tong, is a new artificial intelligence (AI) robot, according to Zhu Songchun, the developer of the product. After being programmed to keep things tidy, Tong Tong independently got a towel to clean up spilled (溢出的) milk when she noticed it on the table—the behaviour came from her own decision made based on a guide of value, instead of a preset (预先设置的) programme. “Unlike the common AI, she can understand your words, guess your purposes and offer help,” said Zhu, adding that Tong Tong is expected to be used in different situations of other fields, including emergency, transportation (运输); education and health care. AI industry is developing quickly in China. According to the information from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工信部), the total scale (规模) of China’s core (核心) AI industry has reached 500 billion yuan, and the number of related businesses has been over 4,400. In the field of driving, driverless cars with AI technology can choose the way by themselves, with a proper speed and a smooth ride on different roads. In the medical field, robots with AI systems can help with operations, which leads to reducing pain after operations and cutting hospital stays short. The large language model, the LLM, has become the main part of AI development. Official data (数据) show that China’s number of self-developed LLMs has come second in the world. One LLM named Ernie Bot provides different services, such as designing speeches, business plans and instructions, as well as drawing mind maps, covering many parts of work and life. “More and more creative AI product forms are expected to be seen in 2024,” said Wu Hequan, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering (工程院). “China is a leading country in the Internet field, and will also be a leading country m AI applıcation.” 33．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing ideas. C．By giving an example. D．By raising a question. 34．What does the writer infer (推断) according to Tong-Tong’s behaviour? A．Tong Tong is like the common AI. B．Tong Tong can completely know our purposes. C．Tong Tong needs instructions before doing something. D．Robots before Tong Tong did things based on preset programmes. 35．What can we know from the passage? A．Driverless cars run faster than the ones driven by humans. B．AI can make speeches, business plans and give instructions. C．Thanks to AI robots, patients may spend less time in hospital. D．Driverless cars choose the route with the help of the human drivers. 36．What is the main idea of this passage? A．China hugs AI B．How to use AI C．The development of AI D．The Zhongguaneun Forum 【答案】33．C 34．D 35．C 36．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以中关村论坛上展出的AI机器人童童引入，随后介绍其功能，并引出当下中国AI发展快速的现状。介绍了人工智能在交通、医疗、商业等各个领域的应用以及产生的积极影响，最后指出中国在人工智能应用方面的领先地位。 33．细节理解题。根据“Wearing a pink hairpin (发卡), a white T-shirt and pink shorts, a “girl” who looks three or four years old has caught much attention at the exhibition of the 2024 Zhongguancun Forum (论坛) in Beijing.”可知，作者是通过童童这个例子来展开文章的。故选C。 34．推理判断题。根据“After being programmed to keep things tidy, Tong Tong independently got a towel to clean up spilled (溢出的) milk when she noticed it on the table—the behaviour came from her own decision made based on a guide of value, instead of a preset (预先设置的) programme.”可知，童童的行为是根据价值导向做出的而非预设程序，可推测出在彤彤之前的一些机器人是通过预设程序而做出一些行为。故选D。 35．细节理解题。根据“In the medical field, robots with AI systems can help with operations, which leads to reducing pain after operations and cutting hospital stays short.”可知，带有人工智能的手术机器人能够减轻病人术后痛苦并缩短住院时间。故选C。 36．主旨大意题。文章通过“童童”的例子引入，介绍了中国人工智能的快速发展以及在各个领域的应用，最后引用专家的观点强调中国在人工智能应用方面的领先地位。故选A。 （2025·辽宁沈阳·三模） We all love our phones, but using them too much can cause problems. Did you know most people check their phones over 50 times a day? Many teens feel uneasy when they don’t have their phones nearby. Here’s how to control without giving up your phone. A good way to use your phone less is to pick a special time each day. Choose 30 minutes after school just for phone use. During this time, really focus on what you’re doing—watch videos, message friends, or play games. But when time’s up, put your phone away. Next, fight those noisy dings and buzzes. Turn off all notices except for important ones. Imagine this: Your phone stays quiet during homework hours, but still rings if your mom needs you. This simple change reduces the brain’s ideas of “check it now”. Without these, you’ll feel less pulled to check your phone every minute. Create places where phones aren’t allowed. Keep your phone out of these three places: the dinner table—talk to family instead, your bed—charge (充电) it in the kitchen overnight, and study areas. Try the “Doorway Method”: leave your phone by the front door when you get home, and only check it there when truly needed. Scientists found that about 1/3 of phone time is just habit, not something we truly enjoy. That’s why the methods are mentioned above. By making such small changes, you can save over 2 hours daily! Use that extra time to read, play outsıde, or try a new hobby. Remember what an old Greek teacher once said, “Real freedom comes from controlling yourself.” Phones are tools, not bosses. Start small: Try one tip this week. Your phone will remain there while you take control of it. 37．What does the underlined word “uneasy” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．calm B．nervous C．relaxed D．afraid 38．What can we do to use the phone less according to the text? A．Charge the phone in the bedroom at night. B．Keep all the notices on to know what’s happening. C．Bring the phone to the dinner table to share interesting things. D．Pick a special time each day and focus on other things when it’s over. 39．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2) A． B． C． D． 40．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this text? A．To tell people to throw away their phones. B．To introduce the latest uses of mobile phones. C．To complain about the negative effects of mobile phones. D．To encourage people to control phone use and gain more free time. 【答案】37．B 38．D 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何通过一些简单的方法来控制手机使用，从而减少对手机的依赖，获得更多的自由时间。 37．词句猜测题。根据“Did you know most people check their phones over 50 times a day? Many teens feel uneasy when they don’t have their phones nearby.”可知，很多人明天要查看手机很多次，当手机不在身边时感觉不安，因此划线词“uneasy”与选项B同义，意为“紧张的”。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据“A good way to use your phone less is to pick a special time each day. Choose 30 minutes after school just for phone use. During this time, really focus on what you’re doing—watch videos, message friends, or play games. But when time’s up, put your phone away.”可知，减少手机使用的一个好方法是每天选择一个特定的时间，专注于手机使用，时间结束后将手机收起来。故选D。 39．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出过度使用手机所导致的问题，第二至第四段给出具体建议，第五段讲述那些方法所带来的好处，第六段总结并引用古希腊老师的话强调自我管理的重要性。选项A与之相符。故选A。 40．主旨大意题。根据“Remember what an old Greek teacher once said, ‘Real freedom comes from controlling yourself.’ Phones are tools, not bosses. Start small: Try one tip this week. Your phone will remain there while you take control of it.”以及全文可知，作者的主要目的是鼓励人们控制手机使用，从而获得更多的自由时间。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $