Unit 2 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析及重难点句型梳理（讲义）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点精讲精练全突破（人教版2024）

Unit 2重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析、重难点句型（讲义） 一、单词梳理 【名词】 meaning 意义 floor 地板 permission 许可 thing 事情，东西 chore 杂务 bathroom 浴室 balcony 阳台 plant 植物 spoon 勺子 window 窗户 flute 长笛 mirror 镜子 arrival 到达 wall 墙壁 lunch 午餐 chair 椅子 rubbish 垃圾 chess 国际象棋 biscuit 饼干 reading 阅读 conversation 对话 neighbour 邻居 glove 手套 community 社区，社团 toilet 厕所 partner 伙伴，同伴clue 线索 pair 对，双 hometown 家乡 price 价格 village 村庄 dish 菜肴，碟，盘 luggage 行李 joy 快乐，喜悦 journey 旅程 apartment 公寓 cousin 表亲，堂亲 block 街区，大楼，大块kitchen 厨房 centre 中心 snack 小吃 painting 绘画 feeling 感觉 scissors 剪刀 plate 盘子 poster 海报 writer 作家 glue 胶水 text 文本，课本 【动词】 pack 打包，收拾 invite 邀请 sweep 清扫，打扫 feed 喂食 borrow 借 hang 悬挂 guess 猜测 keep 保持 mop 拖地 grow 成长，种植 hold 握住 add 添加，加 bring 带来 catch 赶上，抓住 welcome 欢迎 greet 问候 follow 跟随，遵循pull 拉 make 制作，做 ask 问 decorate 装饰 share 分享 paint 绘画 hear 听到 describe 描述 drop 掉下，丢弃 【代词】 【副词】 already 已经 later 之后，后来 yet 还 here 这里 quickly 快速地 well 好 almost 几乎 finally 最后 perhaps 也许 freshly 新鲜地 【形容词】 far 远的 difficult 困难的 other 其他的 careful 小心的，认真的 large 大的 dead 死的，不运行的 busy 忙碌的 open 开放的 heavy 沉重的 favourite 最喜欢的 free 自由的 glad 高兴的 familiar 熟悉的 friendly 友好的 young 年轻的 more 更多的 【介词】by 在......旁边 through 通过 【连词】until 直到，直到......为止 【兼类词】 mean v.意味着，打算；adj.吝啬的 set v.设置，安装；n.一套，一组 request v.＆n.要求 drink v.喝；n.饮料 water v.给......浇水；n.水 shop v.在商店购物；n.商店 sort v.把......分类，整理；n.种类 plan v.＆n.计划 show v.展示，显示；n.节目，演出 cook v.烹饪，煮；n.厨师 hunt v.搜寻，打猎；n.狩猎，搜寻 note v.注意，指出；n.笔记，便条 lift v.举起，抬起；n.搭便车，电梯 treasure v.珍视；n.宝物，财富 nod v.＆n.点头 whenever conj.＆adv.无论何时 several pron.几个；adj.各自的 brush v.(用刷子)抹，涂；n.刷子 joke v.开玩笑；n.笑话 matter v.要紧；n.事情，问题 change v.＆n.改变，变化 kind n.种类；adj.友好的，友善的 laugh v.＆n.笑 smell v.发臭，闻到；n.气味，臭味 cover v.遮盖，包括；n.遮盖物，封皮 【即学即练】 根据所给汉语或首字母完成单词。 1.—What __________ can you do ? —I can wash the dishes. 2.My mother always asked me to __________ the floor or clean the table. 3.Let’s __________ up your things. We should be arrive at the airport before 9:00. 4.I want to __________ my friends to my birthday party. 5.You must have left a tap（水龙头） running in the b__________. 6．This young man dropped a lot of (垃圾) everywhere just now. 7．There is going to be a meeting at the (社区) centre this afternoon. 8．Throwing the (垃圾) here and there is a bad habit. 9．The (阳台) is usually a good place to plant some flowers. 10．The kids are washing their hands in the (浴室). 11.When I knew the dog was __________, I felt really sad, 12.We should develop a good habit of taking __________ in class. 13.It is the duty of the police to protect the c__________. 14.Please teach me how to make the delicious b__________ that you gave me yesterday. 15.You can stay out with your friends __________ 10:00p.m.. 16．Can you (描述) your dream house? 17．The fish has been (死的) for several hours. You’d better not eat it. 18．She walked four (街区) down the street and finally arrived at the cinema. 19．The (卫生间) is always busy in the morning when everyone is getting ready for school and work. 20．Jack is very funny because he often tells (笑话). 二、词形变换 1. pack(v.) →package (n.) 2. sort (n.) →kind (n.) 种类（同义词） 3. invite (v.) → invitation (n.) 邀请 4. arrival (n.) → arrive (v.) 到达 5. biscuit (n.) →cookie (n.) 曲奇 （同类词） 6. borrow (v.)表示借进来 → lend (v.) 表示借出去 7. plan (v.)→ planned (过去式) →planning (现在分词) 8. hunt(n./v. ) → hunter (n.) 猎人 9. lift (n./v.) → 区分left (adj.) 左边的 10. until (prep) → till (同义词) 11. movie (n.) → film (同义词) 12. dead (adj.) → death (n.) 死亡 →die (v.) 死 →died （过去式） 13. rubbish (n.) → litter (n.) 垃圾 （同义词） 14. luggage (n.) → baggage (n.) 行李（同义词） 15. familiar (adj.) 熟悉的→区分: family (n.)家人; 家庭 16. writer (n.)→ author (n.)作者 （同义词）→ write (v.)写 17. describe (v.) → description (n.) 描述 18. freshly (adv.) 刚刚→ fresh (adj.) 新鲜的 19. joy (n.)→ joyful (adj.) 高兴的 →joyfully (adv.) 高兴地 20. decorate (v.) → decoration (n.) 装饰 21. polite (adj.)礼貌的 → politely (adv.) 礼貌地 22. meaning (n.) 意义 → meaningful (adj.) 有意义的; 重要的 23. feel (v.) 感觉 → feeling (n.) 感觉 24. friend (n.) 朋友 → friendly (adj.) 有好的 →friendship (n.)友谊 25. difficult (adj.) 困难的 → difficulty (n.) 困难 26. neighbour (n.) 邻居 → neighbourhood (n.) 街区 27. village (n.) 村庄 → villager (n.) 村民 28. quickly (adv.) 迅速地 → quick (adj.) 快速的 29. finally (adv.) 最后 → final (adj.) 最后的 30. choose (v.) 选择 → choice (n.) 选择 一、用所给词的正确的形式填空。 1．—Thank you for (invite) me to your birthday party. —It’s my pleasure. 2．Grandma’ s birthday is coming. My family are (plan) to have a grand party for her because she spends most of her time on the family. 3．Could you please how you usually prepare for a job interview? (description) 4．Please take (note) while I am explaining the grammar rules. 5．Your (describe) of this photo is quite good. 6．Don’t forget (pack) your schoolbag. 7．The Spring Festival is a time of great (joy) for families. 8．Uncle Zhao was a famous (hunt) in the village. 9．They plan (take) a trip to Hangzhou this summer. 10．With the help of the Internet, we can go (shop) conveniently at home. 11．He prefers the coffee without (add) too much sugar. 12．There are many (community) in our city. 13．Nancy hopes more classmates to join her birthday party. (invitation) 14．Nancy is very sad and (most) has nothing. She just drinks some water. 15．It’s best (not borrow) any valuable (贵重的) things from others. 二、阅读下面的短文,用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空, 每空填一个单词,使短文通顺、完整。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 glad  they  see  good  flower  careful  when  clean  one  also Alice needed some money for a Mother’s Day present. She told her father about her problem. “I’ll pay you to do the housework. You can 1 the house,” her father said. “You can 2 wash my car and Mom’s. You can see they’re really dirty. Both of 3 need to be washed.” Alice washed her father’s car 4 . “It is too late. You don’t have time to wash Mom’s car,” Dad said 5 he paid her. The next morning Alice got up early. 6 she washed her mother’s car until it was very clean. Then she went to the flower shop and bought a bunch (束) of 7 . After breakfast Alice asked her mother to go to the garage (车库). “Wow!” Alice’s mother said. “My car is gleaming (发光的).” “Open the door, Mom,” Alice said. Alice’s mother opened the door. There on the seat she 8 a bunch of flowers. “Happy Mother’s Day!” Alice said. Alice’s mother was very 9 . She gave her a big hug and said, “Thank you, honey. This is the 10 present for me.” 三．语法填空。 　　Having children in the house usually means having never-ending housework to do. In fact, parents should ask their kids 1 (do) housework. Mrs. Green is 2 doctor. She is busy with her work, so she 3 (have) little time to do housework. Neither of her two kids used to do housework. They just 4 (depend) on their mother too much. But things are different now. Mrs. Green gets 5 (they) to share the housework. When Mrs. Green is cooking, her kids need to set the table. After the meal, the kids need to sweep the floor and take 6 the rubbish. If the kids do the housework 7 (good), Mrs. Green will give them their favorite snacks. 8 doing chores is a little tiring, the kids think it’s helpful in developing their 9 (independent). They are glad to help their mom and get 10 (prize) as well. 三、重点短语 pack up... 打包...... would like to do sth. 想要做某事 good idea 好主意 sweep the floor 扫地 need to do sth. 需要做某事 mop the floor 拖地 clean the bathroom 清洁浴室 look like 看起来像 read books 读书 feed the fish 喂鱼 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 treasure hunt 寻宝游戏 hang up... 挂起...... in front of 在......前面 no problem 没问题 water plants 浇水植物 by the window 窗边 hang out with... 和......出去玩 sort things into boxes 把东西分类装箱 grow flowers 种植花卉 clean up 清理 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 keep...in... 把......保持在...... cook a meal 煮一顿饭 the living room 客厅 make sb. feel at home 让某人感到宾至如归 buy drinks 买饮料 add...to... 把......加到...... borrow a chess set 借一副棋盘 make biscuits 做饼干 plan a treasure hunt 计划一场寻宝游戏 go shopping 去购物 all day 整天 give sb. a lift 开车顺路送某人 rubbish bags 垃圾袋 be careful with 注意，当心 at once 立刻，马上 give sb. a ride 让某人搭便车 take notes 做笔记 stay out 待在外面 have to 必须，不得不 go to the movies 去看电影 need a good rest 需要好好休息 of course 当然 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1．在我父亲小时候，春节期间他和兄弟们放烟花。 When my father was a child, he with his brothers during the Spring Festival. 2．看! 观众在倒计时，直到2024 年的最后一天。 Look! are until the last day of 2024. 3．——请你帮我洗车好吗？ ——对不起，我不能。我必须去上学。 —Could you please help me wash the car? — , . I have to go to school. 4．我们一次可以从图书馆借三本书。 from the library. 5．罗伯特得了重病，完全不能动。 Robert has a serious disease and move . 6．请认真整理你的东西。 Please your things carefully. 7．我通常在周末去购物。 I usually on weekends. 8．我们必须立刻走，否则就不能按时到校了。 We must go , or we can’t get to school on time. 9．如果你在外面逗留得太晚，你的父母会为你担心。 If you too late, your parents will worry about you. 10．在客人到来之前我需要扫地。 I need to before guests arrive. 四、重点句型 （一）家务劳动询问与描述 1. What chores do you do at home?（你在家做什么家务？） 1. I often take out the rubbish and sweep the floor.（我经常倒垃圾和扫地。） 1. Does your sister help with housework?（你姐姐帮忙做家务吗？） 1. Yes, she usually folds the clothes and makes the bed.（是的，她通常叠衣服和铺床。） （二）请求与允许表达 1. Could you please sweep the floor?（你能扫一下地吗？） 1. Yes, Dad. I'll do it at once.（好的，爸爸。我马上做。） 1. Could I hang out with my friends after lunch?（午饭后我能和朋友出去吗？） 1. Sorry, but you have to pack up your things first.（抱歉，但你得先收拾好你的东西。） （三）家庭活动描述 1. Grandpa and Grandma are visiting us this weekend.（爷爷奶奶这周末要来看我们。） 1. We need to clean up for their arrival.（我们需要为他们的到来打扫干净。） 1. I can't wait to show them our new house!（我迫不及待想带他们看看我们的新家！） 1. We enjoyed all the delicious food and had a good laugh.（我们享用了所有美味的食物，开怀大笑。） （四）情感与建议表达 1. How does home make you feel?（家让你有什么感觉？） 1. Home makes me feel warm and happy.（家让我感到温暖和快乐。） 1. We should help with housework to make our home more comfortable.（我们应该帮忙做家务，让我们的家更舒适。） 1. Let’s work together to keep our home clean and tidy.（让我们一起努力保持家里干净整洁。） 【即学即练】 完成句子 1．她的寄宿家庭使她有宾至如归的感觉。 Her host family made her . 2．劳驾，你能让我搭个便车去机场吗？ Excuse me, could you please the airport? 3．在课堂上做笔记是一个好习惯。 It is a good habit to in class. 4．在这么短的时间内把城市公园打扫干净是不可能的。 It’ impossible to the city park in such a short time. 5．我们一定要小心用电。 We must electricity. 6．你能带有感情地读这篇课文吗? you read the text ? 7．——星期天你能和我一起去逛逛吗？ ——当然。那听起来很棒。 — you with me on Sunday? — . That great. 8．春节时，每家都会贴窗花来表达最美好的祝福。 During the Spring Festival, every family will stick window decorations to . 9．在春节前，人们挂红灯笼，贴红对联。 Before the Spring Festival, people hang red lanterns and . 10．你能去遛狗吗？ take the dog for a walk? 六、任务型阅读 Changing rooms Are you tired of your boring bedroom? Try to decorate it yourself during the holidays. Use your imagination to change the way it looks. Your room is your own special space. It’s more than just a place for you to study and sleep. So make it fun and enjoyable to live in. Here are some tips to help you. Try to make it different. Give your room a theme. Having a theme makes your room look more stylish and beautiful. A room’s theme can be different. It could be about one of your favorite things, like football or music or a colour. Pick a theme and keep it in mind, then decorate the room around the theme you have chosen. For example, some boys like skateboarding. Paint the walls in skater stripes, and hang disco balls from the ceiling and use skateboards as shelves. Build a skate ramp at the head of the bed, to make it look cool. If you are a girl, you may be more interested in animals like dolphins. Pick curtains and bed covers with dolphin patterns on them. Put dolphin toys on your bed, too. Draw or paint pictures of dolphins playing on your walls. Make your room as blue as the sea. So when you walk into the room, you feel like it's a home for dolphins! Do you want to change the way your room looks? Then decorate your room this holiday and show all your friends. 1．Why does the author suggest decorating the bedroom during the holidays? 2．What can you do to make your room different? 3．What could be a theme according to the passage? 4．If you are a boy, how to make your room cool? 5．What colour will be your room if your room’s theme is dolphin? 8 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 9 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析、重难点句型（讲义） 一、单词梳理 【名词】 meaning 意义 floor 地板 permission 许可 thing 事情，东西 chore 杂务 bathroom 浴室 balcony 阳台 plant 植物 spoon 勺子 window 窗户 flute 长笛 mirror 镜子 arrival 到达 wall 墙壁 lunch 午餐 chair 椅子 rubbish 垃圾 chess 国际象棋 biscuit 饼干 reading 阅读 conversation 对话 neighbour 邻居 glove 手套 community 社区，社团 toilet 厕所 partner 伙伴，同伴clue 线索 pair 对，双 hometown 家乡 price 价格 village 村庄 dish 菜肴，碟，盘 luggage 行李 joy 快乐，喜悦 journey 旅程 apartment 公寓 cousin 表亲，堂亲 block 街区，大楼，大块kitchen 厨房 centre 中心 snack 小吃 painting 绘画 feeling 感觉 scissors 剪刀 plate 盘子 poster 海报 writer 作家 glue 胶水 text 文本，课本 【动词】 pack 打包，收拾 invite 邀请 sweep 清扫，打扫 feed 喂食 borrow 借 hang 悬挂 guess 猜测 keep 保持 mop 拖地 grow 成长，种植 hold 握住 add 添加，加 bring 带来 catch 赶上，抓住 welcome 欢迎 greet 问候 follow 跟随，遵循pull 拉 make 制作，做 ask 问 decorate 装饰 share 分享 paint 绘画 hear 听到 describe 描述 drop 掉下，丢弃 【代词】 【副词】 already 已经 later 之后，后来 yet 还 here 这里 quickly 快速地 well 好 almost 几乎 finally 最后 perhaps 也许 freshly 新鲜地 【形容词】 far 远的 difficult 困难的 other 其他的 careful 小心的，认真的 large 大的 dead 死的，不运行的 busy 忙碌的 open 开放的 heavy 沉重的 favourite 最喜欢的 free 自由的 glad 高兴的 familiar 熟悉的 friendly 友好的 young 年轻的 more 更多的 【介词】by 在......旁边 through 通过 【连词】until 直到，直到......为止 【兼类词】 mean v.意味着，打算；adj.吝啬的 set v.设置，安装；n.一套，一组 request v.＆n.要求 drink v.喝；n.饮料 water v.给......浇水；n.水 shop v.在商店购物；n.商店 sort v.把......分类，整理；n.种类 plan v.＆n.计划 show v.展示，显示；n.节目，演出 cook v.烹饪，煮；n.厨师 hunt v.搜寻，打猎；n.狩猎，搜寻 note v.注意，指出；n.笔记，便条 lift v.举起，抬起；n.搭便车，电梯 treasure v.珍视；n.宝物，财富 nod v.＆n.点头 whenever conj.＆adv.无论何时 several pron.几个；adj.各自的 brush v.(用刷子)抹，涂；n.刷子 joke v.开玩笑；n.笑话 matter v.要紧；n.事情，问题 change v.＆n.改变，变化 kind n.种类；adj.友好的，友善的 laugh v.＆n.笑 smell v.发臭，闻到；n.气味，臭味 cover v.遮盖，包括；n.遮盖物，封皮 【即学即练】 根据所给汉语或首字母完成单词。 1.—What __________ can you do ? —I can wash the dishes. 【答案】chores 2.My mother always asked me to __________ the floor or clean the table. 【答案】sweep 3.Let’s __________ up your things. We should be arrive at the airport before 9:00. 【答案】pack 4.I want to __________ my friends to my birthday party. 【答案】invite 5.You must have left a tap（水龙头） running in the b__________. 【答案】bathroom 6．This young man dropped a lot of (垃圾) everywhere just now. 【答案】rubbish 【详解】句意：这个年轻人刚才到处扔了很多垃圾。rubbish“垃圾”，为不可数名词。故填rubbish。 7．There is going to be a meeting at the (社区) centre this afternoon. 【答案】community 【详解】句意：今天下午在社区中心将有一个会议。community“社区”，名词作定语，修饰名词centre。故填community。 8．Throwing the (垃圾) here and there is a bad habit. 【答案】litter/rubbish/trash 【详解】句意：到处扔垃圾是个坏习惯。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查litter/rubbish/trash“垃圾”，不可数名词。故填litter/rubbish/trash。 9．The (阳台) is usually a good place to plant some flowers. 【答案】balcony 【详解】句意：阳台通常是种些花的好地方。balcony“阳台”，名词，作主语，根据后面“is”可知，应用单数。故填balcony。 10．The kids are washing their hands in the (浴室). 【答案】bathroom 【详解】句意：孩子们正在浴室里洗他们的手。bathroom“浴室”，可数名词，此处特指某一个浴室，所以用名词单数形式。故填bathroom。 11.When I knew the dog was __________, I felt really sad, 【答案】dead 12.We should develop a good habit of taking __________ in class. 【答案】notes 13.It is the duty of the police to protect the c__________. 【答案】community 14.Please teach me how to make the delicious b__________ that you gave me yesterday. 【答案】biscuits 15.You can stay out with your friends __________ 10:00p.m.. 【答案】until 16．Can you (描述) your dream house? 【答案】describe 【详解】句意：你能描述一下你梦想中的房子吗？describe“描述”，动词，can后接动词原形。故填describe。 17．The fish has been (死的) for several hours. You’d better not eat it. 【答案】dead 【详解】句意：这条鱼已经死了好几个小时了，你最好不要吃它。根据“The fish has been…for several hours.”以及汉语提示可知，此处指鱼已经死了，应用形容词dead“死的”。故填dead。 18．She walked four (街区) down the street and finally arrived at the cinema. 【答案】blocks 【详解】句意：她沿着这条街走了四个街区，终于到了电影院。block“街区”，可数名词；根据“four”可知，此处应用复数形式，故填blocks。 19．The (卫生间) is always busy in the morning when everyone is getting ready for school and work. 【答案】bathroom 【详解】句意：早上，当每个人都准备上学和工作时，卫生间总是很忙。“卫生间”用bathroom，可数名词，位于is前，用单数的bathroom，作主语。故填bathroom。 20．Jack is very funny because he often tells (笑话). 【答案】jokes 【详解】句意：杰克很有趣，因为他经常讲笑话。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查tell jokes“讲笑话”，动词短语，其中joke“笑话，玩笑”，名词，这里应用名词复数形式jokes表泛指。故填jokes。 二、词形变换 1. pack(v.) →package (n.) 2. sort (n.) →kind (n.) 种类（同义词） 3. invite (v.) → invitation (n.) 邀请 4. arrival (n.) → arrive (v.) 到达 5. biscuit (n.) →cookie (n.) 曲奇 （同类词） 6. borrow (v.)表示借进来 → lend (v.) 表示借出去 7. plan (v.)→ planned (过去式) →planning (现在分词) 8. hunt(n./v. ) → hunter (n.) 猎人 9. lift (n./v.) → 区分left (adj.) 左边的 10. until (prep) → till (同义词) 11. movie (n.) → film (同义词) 12. dead (adj.) → death (n.) 死亡 →die (v.) 死 →died （过去式） 13. rubbish (n.) → litter (n.) 垃圾 （同义词） 14. luggage (n.) → baggage (n.) 行李（同义词） 15. familiar (adj.) 熟悉的→区分: family (n.)家人; 家庭 16. writer (n.)→ author (n.)作者 （同义词）→ write (v.)写 17. describe (v.) → description (n.) 描述 18. freshly (adv.) 刚刚→ fresh (adj.) 新鲜的 19. joy (n.)→ joyful (adj.) 高兴的 →joyfully (adv.) 高兴地 20. decorate (v.) → decoration (n.) 装饰 21. polite (adj.)礼貌的 → politely (adv.) 礼貌地 22. meaning (n.) 意义 → meaningful (adj.) 有意义的; 重要的 23. feel (v.) 感觉 → feeling (n.) 感觉 24. friend (n.) 朋友 → friendly (adj.) 有好的 →friendship (n.)友谊 25. difficult (adj.) 困难的 → difficulty (n.) 困难 26. neighbour (n.) 邻居 → neighbourhood (n.) 街区 27. village (n.) 村庄 → villager (n.) 村民 28. quickly (adv.) 迅速地 → quick (adj.) 快速的 29. finally (adv.) 最后 → final (adj.) 最后的 30. choose (v.) 选择 → choice (n.) 选择 一、用所给词的正确的形式填空。 1．—Thank you for (invite) me to your birthday party. —It’s my pleasure. 【答案】inviting 【详解】句意：——谢谢你邀请我参加你的生日聚会。——这是我的荣幸。根据空前的介词“for”并结合句子结构可知，此处应用动名词形式inviting，作宾语。故填inviting。 2．Grandma’ s birthday is coming. My family are (plan) to have a grand party for her because she spends most of her time on the family. 【答案】planning 【详解】句意：奶奶的生日快到了，我的家人正在计划为她举办一个盛大的派对，因为她大部分时间都花在家庭上。plan “计划”，动词，根据句子结构，此处需要使用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作。现在进行时的结构为“be动词 + 动词的现在分词形式”，plan的现在分词形式为“planning”。故填planning。 3．Could you please how you usually prepare for a job interview? (description) 【答案】describe 【详解】句意：你能描述一下你通常是如何准备面试的吗？“Could”后用动词原形作谓语，describe“描述”符合语境，故填describe。 4．Please take (note) while I am explaining the grammar rules. 【答案】notes 【详解】句意：请在我解释语法规则时做笔记。take notes“记笔记”，为固定短语。故填notes。 5．Your (describe) of this photo is quite good. 【答案】description 【详解】句意：你对这张照片的描述很好。describe意为“描述”，是动词，其名词形式为description，空前有形容词性物主代词“Your”，结合“of this photo”，可知本空用名词形式。故填description。 6．Don’t forget (pack) your schoolbag. 【答案】to pack 【详解】句意：别忘了去收拾你的书包。don’t forget to do sth意为“不要忘记去做某事”，所以此处填动词不定式“to pack”，作宾语。故填to pack。 7．The Spring Festival is a time of great (joy) for families. 【答案】joy 【详解】句意：春节是阖家欢乐的时刻。根据“The Spring Festival is a time of great…(joy) for families.”可知，空前为形容词，此处应用不可数名词joy，表示“高兴”。故填joy。 8．Uncle Zhao was a famous (hunt) in the village. 【答案】hunter 【详解】句意：赵叔叔是村里有名的猎人。根据“Uncle Zhao”和“famous”可知，空处应填入一个表示人的名词，名词hunter“猎人”符合语境，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填hunter。 9．They plan (take) a trip to Hangzhou this summer. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：他们计划今年夏天去杭州旅行。take a trip“旅行”，结合“plan”可知，plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，空处用动词不定式。故填to take。 10．With the help of the Internet, we can go (shop) conveniently at home. 【答案】shopping 【详解】句意：在互联网的帮助下，我们可以方便地在家购物。go shopping“购物”，故填shopping。 11．He prefers the coffee without (add) too much sugar. 【答案】adding 【详解】句意：他更喜欢不加太多糖的咖啡。without作介词，意为“没有”，其后接名词、代词或动名词；add的动名词为adding。故填adding。 12．There are many (community) in our city. 【答案】communities 【详解】句意：我们城市有许多社区。根据空前“many”可知，此处是指许多社区，应用名词community“社区”的复数形式communities。故填communities。 13．Nancy hopes more classmates to join her birthday party. (invitation) 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：南希希望邀请更多的同学参加她的生日聚会。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，invitation的动词形式是invite“邀请”。故填to invite。 14．Nancy is very sad and (most) has nothing. She just drinks some water. 【答案】almost 【详解】句意：南希很伤心，几乎没吃什么。她只是喝了一些水。most“最多”，结合“Nancy is very sad...She just drinks some water.”及语境可知，应是指“几乎没吃什么”，almost“几乎”符合语境，故填almost。 15．It’s best (not borrow) any valuable (贵重的) things from others. 【答案】not to borrow 【详解】句意：最好不要向别人借任何贵重的东西。此句句型为it’s+adj+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，否定形式为it’s+adj+not to do sth.“不做某事是……的”，空处应用not to borrow。故填not to borrow。 二、阅读下面的短文,用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空, 每空填一个单词,使短文通顺、完整。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 glad  they  see  good  flower  careful  when  clean  one  also Alice needed some money for a Mother’s Day present. She told her father about her problem. “I’ll pay you to do the housework. You can 1 the house,” her father said. “You can 2 wash my car and Mom’s. You can see they’re really dirty. Both of 3 need to be washed.” Alice washed her father’s car 4 . “It is too late. You don’t have time to wash Mom’s car,” Dad said 5 he paid her. The next morning Alice got up early. 6 she washed her mother’s car until it was very clean. Then she went to the flower shop and bought a bunch (束) of 7 . After breakfast Alice asked her mother to go to the garage (车库). “Wow!” Alice’s mother said. “My car is gleaming (发光的).” “Open the door, Mom,” Alice said. Alice’s mother opened the door. There on the seat she 8 a bunch of flowers. “Happy Mother’s Day!” Alice said. Alice’s mother was very 9 . She gave her a big hug and said, “Thank you, honey. This is the 10 present for me.” 【答案】 1．clean 2．also 3．them 4．carefully 5．when 6．First 7．flowers 8．saw 9．glad 10．best 【导语】本文讲述了爱丽丝想给妈妈买一份母亲节礼物，但是她的钱不够，所以爸爸让她通过劳动的方式赚钱，最后妈妈看到爱丽丝精心为她准备的一切非常感动和开心。 1．句意：“你可以打扫房子，”她父亲说。根据“You can … the house”结合备选词可知，此处应指可以打扫房子，clean“打扫”，动词，情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填clean。 2．句意：你还可以洗我和妈妈的车。根据“You can … the house”与“You can … wash my car and Mom’s.”结合备选词可知，可以打扫房子也可以洗车，also“也”，位于情态动词之后实义动词之前。故填also。 3．句意：两辆车都需要洗一洗。根据“my car and Mom’s”与“Both of … need to be washed.”结合备选词可知，此处应指两辆车都需要洗，both of them“两者都”。故填them。 4．句意：爱丽丝仔细地洗她爸爸的车。根据“Alice washed her father’s car … .”结合备选词可知，此处应用carefully“仔细地”，副词修饰动词。故填carefully。 5．句意：“太迟了。你没时间给妈妈洗车，”爸爸付钱的时候对她说。根据“Dad said … he paid her.”结合备选词可知，此处应指爸爸付钱的时候对她说，when“当……时候”。故填when。 6．句意：首先，她把妈妈的车洗得很干净。根据“Then”结合语境与备选词可知，此处应指首先她把妈妈的车洗得很干净，first“首先”，句子开头首字母大写。故填First。 7．句意：然后她去花店买了一束花。根据“a bunch (束) of”结合备选词可知，此处应指一束花，flower“花”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式flowers。故填flowers。 8．句意：她看见座位上有一束花。根据“There on the seat she … a bunch of flowers.”结合备选词可知，此处应指看见座位上有一束花，see“看见”，动词，时态应用一般过去式，因此应用其过去式saw。故填saw。 9．句意：爱丽丝的妈妈非常高兴。根据“Alice’s mother was very … .”结合备选词可知，此处应指非常高兴，因此应用glad“高兴的”，形容词作表语。故填glad。 10．句意：这是给我最好的礼物。根据“This is the … present for me.”结合备选词可知，此处应指最好的生日礼物，best“最好的”，形容词作定语。故填best。 三．语法填空。 　　Having children in the house usually means having never-ending housework to do. In fact, parents should ask their kids 1 (do) housework. Mrs. Green is 2 doctor. She is busy with her work, so she 3 (have) little time to do housework. Neither of her two kids used to do housework. They just 4 (depend) on their mother too much. But things are different now. Mrs. Green gets 5 (they) to share the housework. When Mrs. Green is cooking, her kids need to set the table. After the meal, the kids need to sweep the floor and take 6 the rubbish. If the kids do the housework 7 (good), Mrs. Green will give them their favorite snacks. 8 doing chores is a little tiring, the kids think it’s helpful in developing their 9 (independent). They are glad to help their mom and get 10 (prize) as well. 【答案】 1．to do 2．a 3．has 4．depended 5．them 6．out 7．well 8．Although/Though 9．independence 10．prizes 【导语】本文通过格林医生的故事阐述了应该让孩子参与做家务的观点。 1．句意：事实上，父母应该让他们的孩子做家务。ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to do。 2．句意：格林夫人是一名医生。根据“doctor”可知，此处指一名医生，doctor以辅音音素开头。故填a。 3．句意：她忙于工作，所以几乎没有时间做家务。根据上下文可知，此处是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，动词用单三。故填has。 4．句意：他们太依赖他们的母亲了。根据“Neither of her two kids used to do housework.”可知，此处是说过去太依赖妈妈，用一般过去时，动词需要用过去式。故填depended。 5．句意：格林夫人让他们分担家务。根据“get”可知，此处作宾语，需要用宾格形式。故填them。 6．句意：饭后，孩子们需要扫地并倒垃圾。take out the rubbish意为“倒垃圾”，是固定短语。故填out。 7．句意：如果孩子们家务做得好，格林夫人会给他们最喜欢的零食。根据“do the housework”可知，此处指家务做得好，修饰动词应该用副词。故填well。 8．句意：虽然做家务有点累，但孩子们认为这对培养他们的独立性有帮助。根据“doing chores is a little tiring…the kids think it’s helpful”可知，“做家务有点累”和“孩子们认为有帮助”是让步关系，although或though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填Although/Though。 9．句意：虽然做家务有点累，但孩子们认为这对培养他们的独立性有帮助。根据“their”可知，形容词性物主代词后面接名词，independent是形容词，其名词形式是independence，表示培养他们的独立性。故填independence。 10．句意：他们很高兴帮助妈妈，还能得到奖品。prize是可数名词，这里说孩子们能得到奖品，结合语境用复数形式prizes，表示不止一个奖品。故填prizes。 三、重点短语 pack up... 打包...... would like to do sth. 想要做某事 good idea 好主意 sweep the floor 扫地 need to do sth. 需要做某事 mop the floor 拖地 clean the bathroom 清洁浴室 look like 看起来像 read books 读书 feed the fish 喂鱼 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 treasure hunt 寻宝游戏 hang up... 挂起...... in front of 在......前面 no problem 没问题 water plants 浇水植物 by the window 窗边 hang out with... 和......出去玩 sort things into boxes 把东西分类装箱 grow flowers 种植花卉 clean up 清理 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 keep...in... 把......保持在...... cook a meal 煮一顿饭 the living room 客厅 make sb. feel at home 让某人感到宾至如归 buy drinks 买饮料 add...to... 把......加到...... borrow a chess set 借一副棋盘 make biscuits 做饼干 plan a treasure hunt 计划一场寻宝游戏 go shopping 去购物 all day 整天 give sb. a lift 开车顺路送某人 rubbish bags 垃圾袋 be careful with 注意，当心 at once 立刻，马上 give sb. a ride 让某人搭便车 take notes 做笔记 stay out 待在外面 have to 必须，不得不 go to the movies 去看电影 need a good rest 需要好好休息 of course 当然 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1．在我父亲小时候，春节期间他和兄弟们放烟花。 When my father was a child, he with his brothers during the Spring Festival. 【答案】 set off fireworks 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“放烟花”，其英文表达为set off fireworks，动词短语；根据“When my father was a child,”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式set。故填set；off；fireworks。 2．看! 观众在倒计时，直到2024 年的最后一天。 Look! are until the last day of 2024. 【答案】 Crowds counting down 【详解】根据汉语提示及“Look!…are…until the last day of 2024.”可知，此处指的是观众正在倒计时，句子时态为现在进行时，其谓语结构为：be doing。观众“crowds”，作主语，句首首字母大写；count down“倒计时”，空处应为其现在分词形式。故填Crowds；counting；down。 3．——请你帮我洗车好吗？ ——对不起，我不能。我必须去上学。 —Could you please help me wash the car? — , . I have to go to school. 【答案】 Sorry I can’t 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，此处是对could开头的一般疑问句作否定回答，应用“I can’t”；sorry“对不起”，句首首字母要大写。故填Sorry；I；can’t。 4．我们一次可以从图书馆借三本书。 from the library. 【答案】We can borrow three books at a time 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空格处缺少“我们一次可以”和“借三本书”的英文表达。We“我们”作主语；情态动词can“能”后接动词原形borrow“借”；three books“三本书”作宾语；at a time“一次”。故填We can borrow three books at a time。 5．罗伯特得了重病，完全不能动。 Robert has a serious disease and move . 【答案】 can’t at all 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“完全不能”的英文。not...at all表示“一点也不”，can’t意为“不能”。 6．请认真整理你的东西。 Please your things carefully. 【答案】take your time 7．我通常在周末去购物。 I usually on weekends. 【答案】go shopping 8．我们必须立刻走，否则就不能按时到校了。 We must go , or we can’t get to school on time. 【答案】at once 9．如果你在外面逗留得太晚，你的父母会为你担心。 If you too late, your parents will worry about you. 【答案】stay out 10．在客人到来之前我需要扫地。 I need to before guests arrive. 【答案】sweep the floor 四、重点句型 （一）家务劳动询问与描述 1. What chores do you do at home?（你在家做什么家务？） 1. I often take out the rubbish and sweep the floor.（我经常倒垃圾和扫地。） 1. Does your sister help with housework?（你姐姐帮忙做家务吗？） 1. Yes, she usually folds the clothes and makes the bed.（是的，她通常叠衣服和铺床。） （二）请求与允许表达 1. Could you please sweep the floor?（你能扫一下地吗？） 1. Yes, Dad. I'll do it at once.（好的，爸爸。我马上做。） 1. Could I hang out with my friends after lunch?（午饭后我能和朋友出去吗？） 1. Sorry, but you have to pack up your things first.（抱歉，但你得先收拾好你的东西。） （三）家庭活动描述 1. Grandpa and Grandma are visiting us this weekend.（爷爷奶奶这周末要来看我们。） 1. We need to clean up for their arrival.（我们需要为他们的到来打扫干净。） 1. I can't wait to show them our new house!（我迫不及待想带他们看看我们的新家！） 1. We enjoyed all the delicious food and had a good laugh.（我们享用了所有美味的食物，开怀大笑。） （四）情感与建议表达 1. How does home make you feel?（家让你有什么感觉？） 1. Home makes me feel warm and happy.（家让我感到温暖和快乐。） 1. We should help with housework to make our home more comfortable.（我们应该帮忙做家务，让我们的家更舒适。） 1. Let’s work together to keep our home clean and tidy.（让我们一起努力保持家里干净整洁。） 【即学即练】 完成句子 1．她的寄宿家庭使她有宾至如归的感觉。 Her host family made her . 【答案】feel at home 2．劳驾，你能让我搭个便车去机场吗？ Excuse me, could you please the airport? 【答案】give me a ride to 3．在课堂上做笔记是一个好习惯。 It is a good habit to in class. 【答案】take notes 4．在这么短的时间内把城市公园打扫干净是不可能的。 It’ impossible to the city park in such a short time. 【答案】clean up 5．我们一定要小心用电。 We must electricity. 【答案】be careful with 6．你能带有感情地读这篇课文吗? you read the text ? 【答案】 Can with feeling 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“能”和“带有感情”的英文。情态动词“can”询问能力，放句首，首字母大写；with feeling“带感情”，介词短语。故填Can；with；feeling。 7．——星期天你能和我一起去逛逛吗？ ——当然。那听起来很棒。 — you with me on Sunday? — . That great. 【答案】 Can hang out Certainly/Sure sounds 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“能……逛逛”、“当然”和“听起来”；结合英文题干和汉语提示可知，can“能”，情态动词，后接动词原形，一般疑问句，位于句首，首字母要大写；hang out“闲逛”，动词短语；certainly/sure“当然”，表示肯定回答，首字母要大写；sound“听起来”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“That”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单形式sounds。故填Can；hang；out；Certainly/Sure；sounds。 8．春节时，每家都会贴窗花来表达最美好的祝福。 During the Spring Festival, every family will stick window decorations to . 【答案】 express best wishes 【详解】express best wishes“表达最美好的祝福”，此处为不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形。故填express；best；wishes。 9．在春节前，人们挂红灯笼，贴红对联。 Before the Spring Festival, people hang red lanterns and . 【答案】 put up red couplets 【详解】put up“张贴”；red couplet“红对联”，名词应用复数表示泛指。put应用原形和hang并列。故填put；up；red；couplets。 10．你能去遛狗吗？ take the dog for a walk? 【答案】 Could you please 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“你能”，could能，表示请求，语气更加委婉，一般疑问句中，将情态动词放于句首，开头字母要大写；you你，人称代词主格，作主语；please请，礼貌用语。故填Could；you；please。 六、任务型阅读 Changing rooms Are you tired of your boring bedroom? Try to decorate it yourself during the holidays. Use your imagination to change the way it looks. Your room is your own special space. It’s more than just a place for you to study and sleep. So make it fun and enjoyable to live in. Here are some tips to help you. Try to make it different. Give your room a theme. Having a theme makes your room look more stylish and beautiful. A room’s theme can be different. It could be about one of your favorite things, like football or music or a colour. Pick a theme and keep it in mind, then decorate the room around the theme you have chosen. For example, some boys like skateboarding. Paint the walls in skater stripes, and hang disco balls from the ceiling and use skateboards as shelves. Build a skate ramp at the head of the bed, to make it look cool. If you are a girl, you may be more interested in animals like dolphins. Pick curtains and bed covers with dolphin patterns on them. Put dolphin toys on your bed, too. Draw or paint pictures of dolphins playing on your walls. Make your room as blue as the sea. So when you walk into the room, you feel like it's a home for dolphins! Do you want to change the way your room looks? Then decorate your room this holiday and show all your friends. 1．Why does the author suggest decorating the bedroom during the holidays? 2．What can you do to make your room different? 3．What could be a theme according to the passage? 4．If you are a boy, how to make your room cool? 5．What colour will be your room if your room’s theme is dolphin? 【答案】1．To make it more fun and enjoyable. 2．Give the room a theme. 3．Sports, music, color, animals. 4．Build a skate ramp at the head of the bed. 5．Blue. 【导语】本文介绍如何让你的房间看起来更加有趣有活力。 1．由第二段第三句可知布置房间是为了让它变得有趣。故答案为To make it more fun and enjoyable. 2．由第三段第二句可知，给房间设置一个主题可以让房间变得与众不同，故答案为You can give your room a theme. 3．由文章第四、五、六段概括可知，运动、音乐、颜色、动物都可以是房间主题。故答案为Sports, music, color, animals. 4．由文章第五段可知，在床头建造一个溜冰坡道，可以让房间看起来很酷。故答案为Build a skate ramp at the head of the bed. 5．由第六段“Make your room as blue as the sea.”可知，房间主题是海豚的话，房间颜色为蓝色最好。故答案为Blue. 16 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 15 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$