精品解析：河南省信阳市商城县观庙高中等多校联考2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

商城县2024-2025学年第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语试题 考生注意: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What type of movie does the man like? A．Cartoons. B．Comedies. C．Science fiction. 2．When does the woman like to do homework? A．Before leaving school. B．During class breaks. C．Upon getting home. 3．What will the woman do next? A．Attend a meeting. B．Drive the man to his office. C．Pick up the man’s client. 4．Where will Romesh go? A．The cleaner’s. B．A company. C．A cafe. 5．How did the boy use to go to school? A．By bike. B．By car. C．On foot. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a fitness center. B．In a sports shop. C．In a clinic. 7．What does the man advise the woman to do? A．Buy high-quality sportswear. B．Keep working out regularly. C．Avoid over-exercising. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What is the main purpose of the call? A．To report an incomplete order. B．To confirm the order balance. C．To cancel an order. 9．What did Ian forget to do? A．Contact a supplier. B．Meet with some clients. C．Inform the woman of a delay. 10．How many pink roses will the woman receive? A．50. B．100. C．200. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11．What did the Chinese girl do in the park this morning? A．She went sightseeing. B．She conducted a survey. C．She did volunteer work. 12．When is Helen likely to meet her Chinese friend in the school? A．On Friday afternoon. B．On Monday afternoon. C．On Thursday morning. 13．What does Helen ask the man to do? A．Study with her. B．Attend an interview. C．Make an application. 14．Where is the man now? A．On a bus. B．At the train station. C．In his cousin’s house. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15．How long does the woman still need to wait for the man? A．For 20 minutes. B．For 30 minutes. C．For 40 minutes. 16．What will the man do next? A．Call a taxi to the station. B．Buy new train tickets. C．Inform his cousin. 17．Why does Thompson come to the woman? A．To get some advice. B．To make a complaint. C．To discuss his performance. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What makes Thompson discouraged? A．Poor team cooperation. B．Unclear training plans. C．No progress in speed. 19．What does Thompson usually do during practice breaks? A．Seek feedback. B．Eat snacks. C．Rest directly. 20．What does the woman advise Thompson to do at last? A．Have more protein. B．Follow a training plan. C．Get enough rest. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Contrary to popular belief, winter is actually a good time to travel. Below, you’ll find recommendations for the best places to visit in winter in the USA. Sequoia (美洲杉) National Park, California This park is famous for its giant sequoia trees. And though it’s impressive to walk among 250-foot sequoias, snowshoeing or cross-country skiing through Giant Forest Grove when the towering trees are dusted with snow is pure magic. Accommodation: The centrally located Visalia Marriott is just 40 minutes from the park gate. Charleston, South Carolina Start your weekend getaway on a historic carriage ride downtown in cold winter. Clip-clop past the city’s churches, see where they stored all the gunpowder back in the 1700s and learn about Charleston’s past. Accommodation: Located in the city's historic heart, the Charleston Place hotel features plush rooms and excellent dining. Keystone, Colorado Ski report website On the Snow rates it the top resort for families, thanks to free parking; ski-in, ski-out lodgings; a kids-ski-free program; and beginner terrain (地形). Accommodation: Keystone Lodge and Spa has cozy mountain-inspired rooms and lofts, a heated outdoor pool and hot tub. Park City, Utah Located just 40 minutes from Salt Lake City, the largest ski resort in the United States is known for its light, dry snow, sunny skies and variety of terrain. Accommodation: Marriott’s Summit Watch is an affordable option located right in Park City, and it offers accessible rooms. 1. What will travelers do in Charleston? A. Walk along giant sequoia trees. B. Ski through snow-covered forests. C. Explore the historic city. D. Swim in a heated outdoor pool. 2. Which destination gives kids a chance to ski for free? A. Sequoia National Park. B. Charleston. C. Keystone. D. Park City. 3. What do the four destinations have in common? A. They are located 40 minutes from the nearby city. B. They are famous national parks in the USA. C. They offer carriage rides at weekends. D. They offer a range of cold-weather fun. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了几个美国冬季最佳旅游景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Charleston, South Carolina部分的“Start your weekend getaway on a historic carriage ride downtown in cold winter. Clip-clop past the city’s churches, see where they stored all the gunpowder back in the 1700s and learn about Charleston’s past.(在寒冷的冬天乘坐历史悠久的马车开始你的周末之旅。咔嗒咔嗒地经过这座城市的教堂，看看他们在18世纪储存火药的地方，了解查尔斯顿的过去。)”可知，游客在Charleston可以探索这座城市的历史。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Keystone, Colorado部分的“Ski report website On the Snow rates it the top resort for families, thanks to free parking; ski-in, ski-out lodgings; a kids-ski-free program; and beginner terrain. (滑雪报告网站On the Snow将其评为最适合家庭的度假胜地，这要归功于免费停车；住宿；儿童免费滑雪项目；初学者地形。)”可知，Keystone给孩子一个免费滑雪的机会。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Contrary to popular belief, winter is actually a good time to travel. Below, you’ll find recommendations for the best places to visit in winter in the USA.(与普遍的看法相反，冬天实际上是旅行的好时机。下面，你会发现美国冬季最佳旅游景点的推荐。)”可推知，这四个地方的共同之处在于它们提供了一系列寒冷天气的乐趣。故选D。 B For years, I had the mindset that if I wasn’t wearing my Fitbit, did the workout really happen? Answer: No. Not only did I rely on my Fitbit to track my exercises, but I chose to invest in this specific SENSE model because of its sleep tracking tech — a must-have for my sleep struggles. For a long time, I refused to remove it from my wrist. But after leaving my beloved little tracker on my nightstand one day, I took it as an opportunity for an experiment: What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week? Before and during this experiment, I was completing Sculpt It at-home program four times a week. So while the structure and schedule of my training stayed the same, my perception of how much effort I contributed to the workout changed — I actually became more focused. Without my e-watch, I didn’t take my 15-second “breaks” to double-check my heart zones. I even felt less stressed with no daily notifications on my Stress Management Scores. While I continued to struggle with staying asleep throughout the night, without the reminders of how my sleep was scoring, I wasn’t beating myself up for not hitting the average hours of deep sleep. Physically, nothing changed. Truthfully, I didn’t expect it to. I looked the exact same before and after the week-long experiment. Visual body changes will usually take months to notice, and most definitely not one week. Will I go back to using my Fitbit? Without a doubt, yes. But I no longer feel this inescapable need to wear it 24/7. The constant need to check my e-watch for calories burned, hours slept or steps walked was an unhealthy obsession (痴迷) I was blind to previously. I apply the lessons I learned while disconnecting and just let myself breathe. If I realize I forgot my e-watch while I’m on my way to the gym? Guess what? The workout still counts. 4 What caused the author to conduct the Fitbit experiment? A. A volunteering opportunity. B. A fitness challenge. C. An accidental occurrence. D. A routine change. 5. How did the author feel about his sleep during the experiment? A. Upset about irregular sleep schedules. B. Satisfied with deep sleep hours. C. Constantly stressed about sleep scores. D. Less anxious about sleep quality. 6. What does the author imply by saying “The workout still counts” in the last paragraph? A. The e-watch remains an efficient tool. B. Workout proves essential for wellness. C. Workout value isn’t device-determined. D. Digital dependence is a deep-rooted habit. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Fitbit Break: My Week of Freedom B. Gym Training: A Love-Hate Story C. Sweat for Strength: A Personal Experiment D. Wearable Tech: The Next Big Thing 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过一周不佩戴Fitbit的实验，意识到过度依赖数据追踪会引发焦虑，并学会重新关注运动本身的意义而非设备反馈。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But after leaving my beloved little tracker on my nightstand one day, I took it as an opportunity for an experiment: What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week? (但那天我把心爱的小追踪器忘在床头柜上后，便将此视为一个实验契机：要是整整一周都不戴这款智能手表会怎样)”可知，实验的起因是作者偶然忘记佩戴Fitbit。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“While I continued to struggle with staying asleep throughout the night, without the reminders of how my sleep was scoring, I wasn’t beating myself up for not hitting the average hours of deep sleep. (尽管我依然整夜辗转难眠，但没有了睡眠评分提醒，我不再为达不到深度睡眠的标准时长而苛责自己)”可知，实验期间，作者因不再收到睡眠数据反馈，反而减少了对睡眠质量的焦虑。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The constant need to check my e-watch for calories burned, hours slept or steps walked was an unhealthy obsession (痴迷) I was blind to previously. I apply the lessons I learned while disconnecting and just let myself breathe. If I realize I forgot my e-watch while I’m on my way to the gym? Guess what? The workout still counts. (以前的我总忍不住查看智能手表：卡路里消耗、睡眠时长、行走步数，这种执念近乎病态，而当时的我却浑然不觉。如今我正学着践行“断联”的领悟，给自己喘息的空间。就算去健身房的路上发现忘戴表了？你猜怎么着？运动成效依然作数)”可推知，作者强调锻炼的价值不应依赖设备记录，其意义独立于数据追踪。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week (要是整整一周都不戴这款智能手表会怎样)”和最后一段中“But I no longer feel this inescapable need to wear it 24/7. (但现在，我不再觉得必须7天24小时都戴着它不可了)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过一周不佩戴Fitbit的实验，意识到过度依赖数据追踪会引发焦虑，并学会重新关注运动本身的意义而非设备反馈。因此，A项“Fitbit暂停记：我的自由周”突出了“暂时脱离Fitbit”的核心主题及“身心解放”的体验。故选A项。 C Humans have always been creating security systems to deal with the sorts of mistakes humans commonly make. Now, humanity is rapidly integrating a totally different kind of mistake-maker into society: artificial intelligence (AI). Technologies like large language models (LLMs) can perform many cognitive (认知的) tasks traditionally fulfilled by humans, but they make plenty of mistakes. Unlike human mistakes, AI errors lack patterns and usually show invisibility even when they are incorrect. This situation indicates two possible areas of research. The first is to engineer LLMs that make more human-like mistakes. The second is to build new mistake-correcting systems that deal with the specific sorts of mistakes that LLMs tend to make. We already have some tools to lead LLMs to act in more human-like ways and the tools perform far better than we expected. Many of these arise from the field of “alignment” research, which aims to make models act in accordance with the goals and motivations of their human developers. One example is the technique that was arguably responsible for the breakthrough success of an app: reinforcement (强化) learning with human feedback. In this method, an AI model is rewarded for producing responses that get a thumbs-up from human evaluators. When it comes to catching AI mistakes, some of the systems that we use to prevent human mistakes will help. To an extent, forcing LLMs to double-check their own work can help prevent errors. But LLMs can also make up seemingly reasonable, but truly ridiculous explanations for their flights from reason. In addition, other mistake reduction systems for AI are also unlike anything we use for humans. Because machines can’t get tired or frustrated in the way that humans do, it can help to ask an LLM the same question repeatedly in slightly different ways and then combine its multiple responses. These differences highlight the need for new, custom-made correction mechanisms (机制) that match the unique nature of AI-ensuring these technologies can be safely and reliably integrated into human societies. 8. How are AI mistakes different from human mistakes? A. They are not easy to detect. B. They follow predictable patterns. C. They tend to be in larger numbers. D. They are not related to cognitive tasks. 9. What does the author want to stress about the tools for leading the behavior of LLMs? A. They have certain positive effects. B. Their application hasn’t been popular. C. They need further training for human evaluators’ rewards. D. Their goals have not met the original intentions of human developers. 10. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. AI mistakes are easier to fix than human errors. B. Humans require tailored solutions for AI errors. C. AI is able to copy any systems we use for humans. D. Systems for correcting human mistakes can prevent LLMs mistakes fully. 11. What is the the best title for the text? A. Why Is AI Always Right? B. When Do Human Errors Increase? C. Adapting to AI Error Patterns D. Making AI Mistakes Manageable 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了AI的犯错机制以及应对的方法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Unlike human mistakes, AI errors lack patterns and usually show invisibility even when they are incorrect.(与人类的错误不同，人工智能的错误缺乏规律，即便出错也往往难以察觉)”可知，人工智能的错误不太容易被发现。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We already have some tools to lead LLMs to act in more human-like ways and the tools perform far better than we expected.(我们已经有一些工具能让大型语言模型以更像人类的方式行事，而且这些工具的表现远远超出了我们的预期)”和“One example is the technique that was arguably responsible for the breakthrough success of an app: reinforcement learning with human feedback.(一个例子是某种技术，这种技术或许正是某款应用程序取得突破性成功的关键所在：结合人类反馈的强化学习)”可推断，AI有着积极的作用。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据末段末句“These differences highlight the need for new, custom-made correction mechanisms that match the unique nature of AI-ensuring these technologies can be safely and reliably integrated into human societies.(这些差异凸显了需要建立全新的、定制化的纠正机制，以适应人工智能的独特特性——从而确保这些技术能够安全、可靠地融入人类社会之中)”可推断对于AI的错误，人类需要量身定制解决方案。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段末句“Now, humanity is rapidly integrating a totally different kind of mistake-maker into society: artificial intelligence (如今，人类正迅速将一种截然不同的“错误制造者”引入社会：那就是人工智能)以及末段末句“These differences highlight the need for new, custom-made correction mechanisms that match the unique nature of AI-ensuring these technologies can be safely and reliably integrated into human societies.(这些差异凸显了需要建立全新的、定制化的纠正机制，以适应人工智能的独特特性——从而确保这些技术能够安全、可靠地融入人类社会之中)”，可知本文主要介绍了AI出现的问题及纠正机制，选项D表示“让人工智能犯错变得可控”，适合作文章标题。故选D项。 D Scientists at the University of Surrey have made a breakthrough in batteries that not only store more energy but help tackle greenhouse gas emissions. Lithium-CO2 “breathing” batteries release power while capturing carbon dioxide, offering a better alternative that may one day outperform today’s lithium-ion batteries. Until now, Lithium-CO2 batteries have faced setbacks in efficiency-wearing out quickly and relying on expensive rare materials. However, researchers from Surrey have found a way to overcome these issues by using a low-cost catalyst (催化剂) called CPM. Using computer modelling and lab experiments, tests showed this simple change allowed the battery to store considerably more energy, charge with far less power and run for over 100 cycles. Dr Gadkari, co-author of the study, said, “One of the biggest challenges with these batteries is something called ‘overpotential’ - the extra energy needed to get the reaction going. You can think of it like cycling uphill before you can coast. CPM flattens that hill, meaning the battery loses far less energy during each charge and discharge.” To understand why the CPM worked so well, researchers used two approaches. First, they took apart the battery after charging and discharging to study the chemical changes inside, finding that lithium carbonate, the chemical substances formed when the battery absorbs CO2, could be reliably built up and removed-an essential feature for long-term use. They then turned to computer modelling using density functional theory (DFT) to explore how the reactions unfold on the material surface. Results showed how the CPM’s stable, holey structure offered the ideal surface for key chemical reactions. “What’s exciting about this discovery is that it combines strong performance with simplicity. We’ve shown it’s possible to build efficient lithium-CO2 batteries in large numbers using affordable, expandable materials no rare metals required,” said Dr Gadkari. If commercialised, these batteries could help cut emissions from vehicles and industrial sources. Scientists even imagine they could operate on Mars, where the atmosphere is 95% CO2. The discovery opens new doors for developing even better low-cost, easy-to-make battery materials and marks a milestone step toward real-world applications. 12. What advantage does the new battery have over other batteries based on the first paragraph? A. It’s lighter. B. It’s more user-friendly. C. It’s greener. D. It’s more cost-effective. 13. What does Dr Gadkari want to clarify by referring to “cycling uphill”? A. A natural phenomenon. B. A technical term. C. An experimental stage. D. A theoretical design. 14. How did researchers confirm the effectiveness of CPM besides using modelling? A. By testing its performance on Mars. B. By assessing its durability via DFT. C. By observing reactions in the battery. D. By analyzing lithium carbonate’ structure. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph about the new battery? A. It is promising for mass production. B. It is convenient to make and recycle C. Its efficiency relies on rare earth elements. D. Its use has reshaped the battery industry. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了萨里大学科学家在电池领域取得突破，研发出的锂 - 二氧化碳“呼吸”电池不仅储能更多，还能助力应对温室气体排放。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists at the University of Surrey have made a breakthrough in batteries that not only store more energy but help tackle greenhouse gas emissions. Lithium - CO₂ “breathing” batteries release power while capturing carbon dioxide, offering a better alternative that may one day outperform today’s lithium - ion batteries.(萨里大学的科学家在电池领域取得了突破，这种电池不仅能储存更多能量，还能帮助应对温室气体排放。锂 - 二氧化碳“呼吸”电池在释放电能的同时捕获二氧化碳，提供了一种更好的选择，也许有一天会超越如今的锂离子电池)”可知，新电池相较于其他电池更环保，能捕获二氧化碳应对温室气体排放。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Dr Gadkari, co- author of the study, said, “One of the biggest challenges with these batteries is something called ‘overpotential’ - the extra energy needed to get the reaction going. You can think of it like cycling uphill before you can coast. CPM flattens that hill, meaning the battery loses far less energy during each charge and discharge.”(该研究的合著者加德卡里博士说：“这些电池最大的挑战之一是一种叫做“过电位”的东西——使反应发生所需的额外能量。你可以把它想象成在滑行之前要先骑车爬坡。CPM把那座“坡”变平了，这意味着电池在每次充电和放电过程中损失的能量要少得多”)”可知，加德卡里博士通过“骑车爬坡”来解释“过电位”这个专业术语。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To understand why the CPM worked so well, researchers used two approaches. First, they took apart the battery after charging and discharging to study the chemical changes inside, finding that lithium carbonate, the chemical substances formed when the battery absorbs CO₂, could be reliably built up and removed - an essential feature for long - term use.(为了弄清楚为什么CPM效果如此之好，研究人员使用了两种方法。首先，他们在电池充电和放电后将其拆开，研究内部的化学变化，发现电池吸收二氧化碳时形成的化学物质碳酸锂能够可靠地生成和去除——这是长期使用的一个基本特征)”可知，除了使用建模，研究人员还通过观察电池内部的反应来证实CPM的有效性。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““What’s exciting about this discovery is that it combines strong performance with simplicity. We’ve shown it’s possible to build efficient lithium-CO2 batteries in large numbers using affordable, expandable materials no rare metals required,” said Dr Gadkari. If commercialised, these batteries could help cut emissions from vehicles and industrial sources.(加德卡里博士说：“这个发现令人兴奋的地方在于它将强大的性能与简易性结合在了一起。我们已经证明，可以使用价格合理、可扩展的材料大量制造高效的锂 - 二氧化碳电池，无需稀有金属”如果商业化，这些电池可以帮助减少车辆和工业源的排放)”可知，新电池有望大规模生产。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether you’re heading out for a day trip or a quick weekend getaway (短期休假), we will share some travel tips in this guide to help you make your experience more enjoyable. ·Think about how you want to travel. ___16___ Sometimes it means the most enjoyable. Too much consideration on short journeys is not worth it. If you’ve got a preference for a certain means of transport, it’s often worth traveling that way for short distances, even if it ends up taking you a little longer. ·___17___ Some cities, like NYC, are quite walkable. Others simply aren’t. In Amsterdam, the best way to get about is by bike — whether you use the city’s shared bikes or rent one from your hotel. In Southeast Asia, you’d better rent a scooter (小型摩托车). ___18___ So don’t bother to find the so-called one-size-fits-all answer. ·Try all the available options. If you’ re not sure about the best means of transport for you, experience them all. See what catching the subway is like, try cycling or riding the bus. It’s hard to predict what will be the most convenient. LA has a low- cost public transport network but car-pooling is cheaper, and scooters are the best for getting around West Hollywood. ___19___ ·Don’t rely on map apps. Map apps are useful, but they don’t take into account the possibility of packed subways, queues for taxis and the heat of a train in summer. ___20___ So don’t assume something is a 30-minute drive just because a map app says so — by the time you’ve driven halfway, you might still have another 30 minutes to go. A. Don’t limit your choices. B. It takes time to find the best. C. Study the city you will travel to. D. You won’t know until you try them all. E. What works here might not work there. F. The best doesn’t necessarily mean the fastest. G. Besides, they are a bit behind the real traffic time. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一篇旅行指南帮助读者在旅行中做出明智的选择并得到更加愉快的体验。 【16题详解】 根据后文“Sometimes it means the most enjoyable. Too much consideration on short journeys is not worth it. If you’ve got a preference for a certain means of transport, it’s often worth traveling that way for short distances, even if it ends up taking you a little longer.(有时它意味着最愉快的。在短途旅行中考虑太多是不值得的。如果你对某种交通方式有偏好，那么短途旅行通常是值得的，即使它最终会花费你更多的时间)”可知，本空是段落的总起句，与下文提到的“Sometimes it means the most enjoyable.(有时它意味着最愉快的)”形成对比。本段建议：在选择如何旅行时要考虑个人的喜好；如果你偏好某种交通方式，那么以这种方式短途旅行是值得的，即使它花费的时间略多。F项“最好的不一定意味着最快。”符合语境故选F。 17题详解】 本空是段落的小标题，根据本段内容“Some cities, like NYC, are quite walkable. Others simply aren’t. In Amsterdam, the best way to get about is by bike — whether you use the city’s shared bikes or rent one from your hotel. In Southeast Asia, you’d better rent a scooter (小型摩托车).(有些城市，比如纽约，非常适合步行。其他的则不是。在阿姆斯特丹，最好的出行方式就是骑自行车——不管你是使用城市的共享单车还是从酒店租一辆。在东南亚，你最好租一辆摩托车)”可知，空处应概括本段的内容并给旅行者提供建议，结合本段提及了适合不同城市的交通方式，以说明了解目的地城市的情况对于选择合适的交通方式至关重要。C项“研究你要旅行的城市。”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 本空是段落中的过渡句。根据上文“Some cities, like NYC, are quite walkable. Others simply aren’t. In Amsterdam, the best way to get about is by bike — whether you use the city’s shared bikes or rent one from your hotel. In Southeast Asia, you’d better rent a scooter (小型摩托车).(有些城市，比如纽约，非常适合步行。其他的则不是。在阿姆斯特丹，最好的出行方式就是骑自行车——不管你是使用城市的共享单车还是从酒店租一辆。在东南亚，你最好租一辆摩托车)”可知，本段提到不同的交通方式适合不同的城市；没有一种交通方式适合所有城市。E项“在这里适用的不一定在那里适用。”与下文“So don’t bother to find the so-called one-size-fits-all answer.(所以，不要费心去寻找所谓的一刀切的答案)”构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“If you’ re not sure about the best means of transport for you, experience them all. See what catching the subway is like, try cycling or riding the bus. It’s hard to predict what will be the most convenient. LA has a low- cost public transport network but car-pooling is cheaper, and scooters are the best for getting around West Hollywood.(如果你不确定哪一种交通方式最适合你，那就都体验一下吧。看看乘地铁是什么感觉，试试骑自行车或乘公共汽车。很难预测什么是最方便的。洛杉矶有一个低成本的公共交通网络，但拼车更便宜，而在西好莱坞，滑板车是最好的交通工具)”可知，本段建议：尝试所有可用的交通方式。因为很难预测哪种方式最方便，只有全部尝试后才能知道哪种方式最适合自己，而本空是本段内容的总结，呼应段落小标题。故D项“直到你把它们试遍时才会知道。”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据下文“So don’t assume something is a 30-minute drive just because a map app says so — by the time you’ve driven halfway, you might still have another 30 minutes to go.(所以，不要仅仅因为地图应用程序这么说，就认为某件事是30分钟的车程——当你开到一半的时候，你可能还有30分钟要走)”可知，地图应用程序中的交通信息有时会与实际情况不符。G项“此外，它们稍微滞后于实际交通时间。”与下文构成因果关系，共同说明地图应用程序的弊端，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When free donuts (甜甜圈) show up at your door, how can you resist? That’s the question Becca Barnoski ____21____ herself asking when a delivery appeared at her apartment door. The order was from Duck Donuts and it ____22____ six delicious donuts. It had been ____23____ at Becca’s door for two hours when she reached out to someone with an important question: Would it be wrong for her to make the ____24____ delivery officially hers now? Or, as Becca ____25____ it in a text, “Morally can it be mine?” Whoever she texted didn’t hesitate to give their ____26____. In fact, they jokingly said the donuts are “____27____ yours now”. Receiving the response, Becca ate the donuts... only to discover an interesting note on her door hours later, which was from the folks who were ____28____ to get the donuts: HELP! Missing Duck Donuts! — Kush in 204 Feeling bad, Becca reached out to them and was totally ____29____ about what had happened. Instead of getting upset, her neighbours were understanding. They ____30____ Becca’s offer to pay them back and kindly texted Becca: It’s totally fine! I am glad they went to a good home and hope you enjoyed them. They were a____31____ from my cousin which is why we weren’t expecting them — thank you for letting us ____32____ and please don’t worry at all. Despite these selfless neighbors insisting Becca didn’t ____33____ them anything. she couldn’t let go of what had happened. She felt guilty for what she had done, and she was ____34____ to make it up to them. So, she decided to leave a note of her own at their door... along with quite the gift card: I’m so sorry I ate your donuts!! Please ____35____ a dinner on me! A gift card in exchange for lost donuts? Sounds like a good trade to us! Who knew you could meet the friendliest people from a delivery incident! 21 A. noticed B. kept C. found D. made 22. A. represented B. contained C. involved D. included 23. A. sitting B. hiding C. settling D. leaning 24. A. mistaken B. delayed C. forgotten D. overlooked 25. A. voiced B. worded C. posed D. sentenced 26 A. decision B. assessment C. commitment D. approval 27. A. temporarily B. formally C. legally D. originally 28. A. permitted B. required C. supposed D. expected 29. A. embarrassed B. honest C. nervous D. positive 30. A. turned up B. turned down C. turned in D. turned to 31. A. reward B. bonus C. surprise D. wonder 32. A. remember B. meet C. see D. know 33. A. owe B. teach C. send D. award 34. A. passionate B. hesitant C. resistant D. determined 35. A. treat B. cook C. reserve D. enjoy 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。贝卡收到错送的甜甜圈后吃掉，发现是邻居的，邻居很谅解，但她仍感愧疚，用礼品卡补偿，由此结识友善邻居。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个快递出现在贝卡·巴诺斯基的公寓门口时，她发现自己就在问这个问题。A. noticed注意到；B. kept保持；C. found发现，找到；D. made制作。根据后文“herself asking”指发现自己在询问上文“When free donuts show up at your door, how can you resist?(当免费的甜甜圈出现在你家门口时，你怎能忍住不去拿呢？)”中的问题。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这份订单来自“鸭子甜甜圈店”，里面装着六个美味的甜甜圈。A. represented代表；B. contained含有；C. involved涉及；D. included包括。根据后文“six delicious donuts”指订单里含有六个美味的甜甜圈。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个快递在贝卡家门口放了两个小时，这时她联系了一个人，问了个重要的问题：现在把这个送错的东西正式归为己有，这样做不对吗？A. sitting坐下；B. hiding隐藏；C. settling解决；D. leaning靠在。根据后文“at Becca’s door for two hours”指快递在贝卡家门口放了两个小时，sit表示“处在，放于”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个快递在贝卡家门口放了两个小时，这时她联系了一个人，问了个重要的问题：现在把这个送错的东西正式归为己有，这样做不对吗？A. mistaken弄错的；B. delayed推迟的；C. forgotten被忘记的；D. overlooked被忽视的。根据上文“When free donuts show up at your door, how can you resist?(当免费的甜甜圈出现在你家门口时，你怎能忍住不去拿呢？)”可知，东西出现在她家门口是因为送错了，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，正如贝卡在一条短信中所表述的那样：“从道德层面来讲，它能归我所有吗？”A. voiced表达；B. worded措词；C. posed提出问题、摆姿势；D. sentenced判决。根据后文“it in a text, “Morally can it be mine?””指短信中的措词表达用word。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论她给谁发了消息，对方都毫不犹豫地表示了同意。A. decision决定；B. assessment评估；C. commitment奉献；D. approval支持，同意。根据后文“yours now”可知，询问得到了他人的同意和支持。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们开玩笑地说道：“这些甜甜圈现在‘合法地归你所有了’。”A. temporarily暂时地；B. formally正式地；C. legally合法地；D. originally最初。根据上文“they jokingly said the donuts are”可知，包裹送错了，别人开玩笑地说“这些甜甜圈现在‘合法地归你所有了’。”故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：收到回复后，贝卡便开始吃起甜甜圈……但几个小时后，她却在自家门上发现了一张有趣的便条，发这条便条的人是那些本应送来甜甜圈的人：救命！鸭子甜甜圈失踪了！——库什204号。A. permitted允许；B. required需要；C. supposed认为；D. expected期待。根据后文“to get the donuts: HELP! Missing Duck Donuts!”可知，发这条便条的人是那些本应送来甜甜圈的人。be supposed to do理应做某事，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贝卡心情不佳，于是向他们倾诉了所发生的事情，并坦诚相告。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. honest诚实的；C. nervous紧张的；D. positive积极的。根据上文“Feeling bad, Becca reached out to them and was totally”可知，贝卡感觉糟糕，于是如实说明了情况，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们拒绝了贝卡想要偿还欠款的提议，并礼貌地给贝卡发了条短信：……。A. turned up开大；B. turned down关小，拒绝；C. turned in上交；D. turned to求助于。根据后文“It’s totally fine! I am glad they went to a good home and hope you enjoyed them.(这完全没问题！我很高兴它们找到了一个好归宿，也希望你能喜欢它们)”可知，拒绝了贝卡想要偿还欠款的提议，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是我表弟带来的一个惊喜，所以才让我们始料未及——感谢你告知我们此事，真的请你别担心了。A. reward奖励；B. bonus奖金；C. surprise惊喜；D. wonder奇迹。根据后文“why we weren’t expecting them”可知没有预料到是因为是一个惊喜。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们是我表弟带来的一个惊喜，所以才让我们始料未及——感谢你告知我们此事，真的请你别担心了。A. remember记得；B. meet遇见；C. see看见；D. know知道。根据上文“Becca reached out to them”可知，贝卡让对方得知了事情的起因经过。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管这些无私的邻居坚称贝卡无需向他们偿还任何欠款，但她还是无法释怀所发生的一切。A. owe欠钱；B. teach教学；C. send发送；D. award授予。根据上文“Despite these selfless neighbors insisting Becca didn’t”以及邻居拒绝收钱，即这些无私的邻居坚称贝卡无需向他们偿还任何欠款，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她为自己所做的事感到内疚，并且下定决心要补偿他们。A. passionate热情的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. resistant抵制的；D. determined坚定的。根据后文“to make it up to them”以及“So, she decided to leave a note of her own at their door... along with quite the gift card”可知，贝卡下定决心要补偿他们。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：请就让我来请客，一起享用这顿晚餐吧！A. treat治疗；B. cook烹饪；C. reserve保留；D. enjoy欣赏、享用。根据后文“a dinner on me”以及上文她送了礼品卡，所以是想让对方享用晚餐，自己请客。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese experts ____36____ (discover) and identified six Late Paleolithic sites in Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County, Northeast China’s Liaoning Province, since the launch of China’s fourth national cultural relics census(统计). The sites are____37____ (primary) located in Nanzamu and Shangjiahe townships, mostly situated on third-level terraces or hillsides near abundant water sources. A____38____(various) of stone tools have been collected from these sites, including flake tools, scrapers, disc-shaped cores and a small number of other____39____ (instrument). “These new discoveries provide fresh insights ____40____ the distribution and activities of ancient humans in the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River,” said a member of Fushun’s fourth cultural relics census expert team. Zhao Hailong, a professor at the School of Archaeology and Museology at Liaoning University mentioned that ____41____ series of discoveries fill the essential gap in the record of Paleolithic sites along the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River. “They offer us important evidence, ____42____ helps us to understand ancient humans’ strategies for using and developing stone tool materials, their ____43____ (technology) levels and cultural interactions in this region,” Zhao said. Among the discoveries is one site at Langtougou in southern Xinbin, where the team leader found a finely crafted stone tool. These grayish-blue stones, ____44____ (mark) with deep or shallow flake scars, are rounded and easy to grasp, making them well-suited for everyday tasks such as cutting or scraping. The discovery of Langtougou enables archaeologists ____45____ (know) about the lives of people at that time. 【答案】36. have discovered 37. primarily 38. variety 39. instruments 40. into 41. a 42. which 43. technological 44. marked 45. to know 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国专家在辽宁发现六处旧石器时代遗址。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：自中国第四次全国文物普查启动以来，中国专家在中国东北辽宁省新宾满族自治县发现并确认了六处旧石器时代晚期遗址。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“since the launch of China’s fourth national cultural relics census”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语Chinese experts是复数，助动词用have。故填have discovered。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些遗址主要位于南杂木镇和上夹河镇，大多位于水源丰富的三级阶地或山坡上。根据空后动词located可知，空处需用副词primarily“主要地”，作状语修饰动词。故填primarily。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：从这些遗址中收集了各种各样的石器，包括片状工具、刮刀、盘状石核和少量其他工具。a variety of“各种各样的……”，固定搭配，所以空处需填名词variety。故填variety。 【39题详解】 考查名词的复数形式。句意：从这些遗址中收集了各种各样的石器，包括片状工具、刮刀、盘状石核和少量其他工具。other后需接可数名词复数，instrument为可数名词“乐器”。故填instruments。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：“这些新发现为了解浑河中上游地区古代人类的分布和活动提供了新的见解，”抚顺市第四次文物普查专家组成员表示。provide insights into...“为……提供见解”，固定搭配。故填into。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：辽宁大学考古与博物馆学系教授赵海龙提到，一系列的发现填补了浑河中上游旧石器时代遗址记录的重要空白。a series of“一系列的……”，固定搭配，所以空处需用不定冠词a。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“它们为我们提供了重要的证据，有助于我们了解古代人类使用和开发石器材料的策略、他们的技术水平和这一地区的文化互动，”赵说。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是evidence，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“它们为我们提供了重要的证据，有助于我们了解古代人类使用和开发石器材料的策略、他们的技术水平和这一地区的文化互动，”赵说。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词levels，technology的形容词为technological“技术的”。故填technological。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些灰蓝色的石头上标有深浅不一的片状疤痕，呈圆形，易于抓握，非常适合切割或刮擦等日常任务。空处需用非谓语动词；动词mark与主语stones之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词marked作后置定语修饰名词stones。故填marked。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：狼头沟的发现使考古学家能够了解当时人们的生活。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to know。 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报正在开展征文活动，请结合以下引言写一篇短文投稿，要点如下： 1. 你对该引言的理解； 2. 你所受到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Home is where you are loved the most and act the worst. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Home is where you are loved the most and act the worst. This profound saying unveils home’s unique magic: it’s the safest haven where we’re showered with unconditional love, yet paradoxically, the only place where we let our true, unpolished selves show — snapping over trivial matters, slacking off, or pouring out frustrations without fear of rejection, knowing forgiveness is always there. It strikes a chord with me. Family love isn’t a license to be careless but a gift to cherish. I resolve to be more mindful: to offer patience instead of impatience, and to share warmth instead of coldness. For the ones who love us most deserve our gentlest hearts, not our unguarded worst. Let’s nurture home with the care it gives us. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生结合引言“Home is where you are loved the most and act the worst”写一篇短文投稿。其内容包括：你对该引言的理解和你所受到的启示。 【详解】1.词汇积累 深刻的：profound→deep 揭示：unveil→reveal 珍惜：cherish→treasure 决定： resolve→determine 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Family love isn’t a license to be careless but a gift to cherish. 拓展句：Family love is not a license that allows us to be careless, but rather a gift that we should cherish. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 This profound saying unveils home’s unique magic: it’s the safest haven where we’re showered with unconditional love, （运用了where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】 For the ones who love us most deserve our gentlest hearts, not our unguarded worst.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Over the summer I moved from Texas to Missouri. This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in Missouri. I was really nervous about starting a new school and having people like me. I decided that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I bought a new outfit so the first day would be perfect. On the first day of school, scared, yet eager to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs. My first class was geometry, but where was that? I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you want me to help you find your class? My name is Diane. What’s yours?” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost. After exchanging names, I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. It was nice meeting you. I hope I see you again and your day goes all right.” I said a quick thank-you and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle. I decided that this guy was popular. A few minutes later the teacher told everyone to go find a seat and get ready for the class. I managed to get one right next to the guy. I said, “Hi, my name is April and I’m new here.” He said coldly, “Hi, I’m Johnny.” That class dragged on and on. Finally, the bell rang. I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me find it?” He looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Before I was ready to go home, I heard a familiar voice calling my name. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me. Their shrill laughing let me blush with shame. I felt so embarrassed that I couldn’t do anything but sit there, keeping my body unmoved and holding back my tears. What I wanted to do is just to make friends with them. I couldn’t figure out why they laughed at me. But one thing was certain, that is, I must removed myself from their presence. Therefore, I wasn’t ready to leave until they walked far away. Before I was ready to go home, I heard a familiar voice calling my name. I felt very strange since I was new here without making any friends. Turning around, I saw Diane who came up to me with a warm smile on her face. She said she would walk together with me. What a kind and friendly girl she was, I thought. I was deeply moved so that I left all my embarrassment and sadness behind. On our way home, we talked a lot and I was surprised to find we had a lot in common. I also realized the true meaning of a friend. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者进入新学校第一天的迷茫与困惑。作者一开始找不到教室，一个名叫戴安娜的女孩主动提供帮助并带领他找到了教室，但作者却不想与戴安娜交朋友。之后在教室遇到非常受欢迎的约翰尼，作者向其寻求帮助，却被无情的拒绝。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①.由第一段首句内容“当他们走出去的时候，我听到他们都在嘲笑我”可知，第一段可描写作者听到嘲笑之后的心理状态及情绪表现。 ②.由第二段首句内容“在我准备回家之前，我听到一个熟悉的声音在喊我的名字。”可知，第二段可描写作者听到声音之后的反应及作者的感想。 2.续写线索：被嘲笑——尴尬——伤心——听到熟悉的声音——感动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.抑制眼泪：hold back my tears/retain my tears ②.接近，靠近：come up/approach ③.一起走路：walk together/accompany him/keep him company 情绪类 ①.感动：be moved/be touched ②.悲伤：sadness/sorrow 【点睛】【高分句型1】What I wanted to do is just to make friends with them.（使用了what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】Turning around, I saw Diane who came up to me with a warm smile on her face. （使用了现在分词作状语，及who引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 商城县2024-2025学年第二学期高二年级期末考试 英语试题 考生注意: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What type of movie does the man like? A．Cartoons. B．Comedies. C．Science fiction. 2．When does the woman like to do homework? A．Before leaving school. B．During class breaks. C．Upon getting home. 3．What will the woman do next? A．Attend a meeting. B．Drive the man to his office. C．Pick up the man’s client. 4．Where will Romesh go? A．The cleaner’s. B．A company. C．A cafe. 5．How did the boy use to go to school? A．By bike. B．By car. C．On foot. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a fitness center. B．In a sports shop. C．In a clinic. 7．What does the man advise the woman to do? A．Buy high-quality sportswear. B．Keep working out regularly. C．Avoid over-exercising. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What is the main purpose of the call? A．To report an incomplete order. B．To confirm the order balance. C．To cancel an order. 9．What did Ian forget to do? A．Contact a supplier. B．Meet with some clients. C．Inform the woman of a delay. 10．How many pink roses will the woman receive? A．50. B．100. C．200. 听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。 11．What did the Chinese girl do in the park this morning? A．She went sightseeing. B．She conducted a survey. C．She did volunteer work. 12．When is Helen likely to meet her Chinese friend in the school? A．On Friday afternoon. B．On Monday afternoon. C．On Thursday morning. 13．What does Helen ask the man to do? A．Study with her. B．Attend an interview. C．Make an application. 14．Where is the man now? A．On a bus. B．At the train station. C．In his cousin’s house. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15．How long does the woman still need to wait for the man? A．For 20 minutes. B．For 30 minutes. C．For 40 minutes. 16．What will the man do next? A．Call a taxi to the station. B．Buy new train tickets. C．Inform his cousin. 17．Why does Thompson come to the woman? A．To get some advice B．To make a complaint. C．To discuss his performance. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What makes Thompson discouraged? A．Poor team cooperation. B．Unclear training plans. C．No progress in speed. 19．What does Thompson usually do during practice breaks? A．Seek feedback. B．Eat snacks. C．Rest directly. 20．What does the woman advise Thompson to do at last? A．Have more protein. B．Follow a training plan. C．Get enough rest. 第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Contrary to popular belief, winter is actually a good time to travel. Below, you’ll find recommendations for the best places to visit in winter in the USA. Sequoia (美洲杉) National Park, California This park is famous for its giant sequoia trees. And though it’s impressive to walk among 250-foot sequoias, snowshoeing or cross-country skiing through Giant Forest Grove when the towering trees are dusted with snow is pure magic. Accommodation: The centrally located Visalia Marriott is just 40 minutes from the park gate. Charleston, South Carolina Start your weekend getaway on a historic carriage ride downtown in cold winter. Clip-clop past the city’s churches, see where they stored all the gunpowder back in the 1700s and learn about Charleston’s past. Accommodation: Located in the city's historic heart, the Charleston Place hotel features plush rooms and excellent dining. Keystone, Colorado Ski report website On the Snow rates it the top resort for families, thanks to free parking; ski-in, ski-out lodgings; a kids-ski-free program; and beginner terrain (地形). Accommodation: Keystone Lodge and Spa has cozy mountain-inspired rooms and lofts, a heated outdoor pool and hot tub. Park City, Utah Located just 40 minutes from Salt Lake City, the largest ski resort in the United States is known for its light, dry snow, sunny skies and variety of terrain. Accommodation: Marriott’s Summit Watch is an affordable option located right in Park City, and it offers accessible rooms. 1. What will travelers do in Charleston? A. Walk along giant sequoia trees. B. Ski through snow-covered forests. C. Explore the historic city. D. Swim in a heated outdoor pool. 2 Which destination gives kids a chance to ski for free? A. Sequoia National Park. B. Charleston. C. Keystone. D. Park City. 3. What do the four destinations have in common? A. They are located 40 minutes from the nearby city. B. They are famous national parks in the USA. C. They offer carriage rides at weekends. D. They offer a range of cold-weather fun. B For years, I had the mindset that if I wasn’t wearing my Fitbit, did the workout really happen? Answer: No. Not only did I rely on my Fitbit to track my exercises, but I chose to invest in this specific SENSE model because of its sleep tracking tech — a must-have for my sleep struggles. For a long time, I refused to remove it from my wrist. But after leaving my beloved little tracker on my nightstand one day, I took it as an opportunity for an experiment: What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week? Before and during this experiment, I was completing Sculpt It at-home program four times a week. So while the structure and schedule of my training stayed the same, my perception of how much effort I contributed to the workout changed — I actually became more focused. Without my e-watch, I didn’t take my 15-second “breaks” to double-check my heart zones. I even felt less stressed with no daily notifications on my Stress Management Scores. While I continued to struggle with staying asleep throughout the night, without the reminders of how my sleep was scoring, I wasn’t beating myself up for not hitting the average hours of deep sleep. Physically, nothing changed. Truthfully, I didn’t expect it to. I looked the exact same before and after the week-long experiment. Visual body changes will usually take months to notice, and most definitely not one week. Will I go back to using my Fitbit? Without a doubt, yes. But I no longer feel this inescapable need to wear it 24/7. The constant need to check my e-watch for calories burned, hours slept or steps walked was an unhealthy obsession (痴迷) I was blind to previously. I apply the lessons I learned while disconnecting and just let myself breathe. If I realize I forgot my e-watch while I’m on my way to the gym? Guess what? The workout still counts. 4. What caused the author to conduct the Fitbit experiment? A. A volunteering opportunity. B. A fitness challenge. C. An accidental occurrence. D. A routine change. 5. How did the author feel about his sleep during the experiment? A. Upset about irregular sleep schedules. B. Satisfied with deep sleep hours. C. Constantly stressed about sleep scores. D. Less anxious about sleep quality. 6. What does the author imply by saying “The workout still counts” in the last paragraph? A. The e-watch remains an efficient tool. B. Workout proves essential for wellness. C Workout value isn’t device-determined. D. Digital dependence is a deep-rooted habit. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Fitbit Break: My Week of Freedom B. Gym Training: A Love-Hate Story C. Sweat for Strength: A Personal Experiment D. Wearable Tech: The Next Big Thing C Humans have always been creating security systems to deal with the sorts of mistakes humans commonly make. Now, humanity is rapidly integrating a totally different kind of mistake-maker into society: artificial intelligence (AI). Technologies like large language models (LLMs) can perform many cognitive (认知的) tasks traditionally fulfilled by humans, but they make plenty of mistakes. Unlike human mistakes, AI errors lack patterns and usually show invisibility even when they are incorrect. This situation indicates two possible areas of research. The first is to engineer LLMs that make more human-like mistakes. The second is to build new mistake-correcting systems that deal with the specific sorts of mistakes that LLMs tend to make. We already have some tools to lead LLMs to act in more human-like ways and the tools perform far better than we expected. Many of these arise from the field of “alignment” research, which aims to make models act in accordance with the goals and motivations of their human developers. One example is the technique that was arguably responsible for the breakthrough success of an app: reinforcement (强化) learning with human feedback. In this method, an AI model is rewarded for producing responses that get a thumbs-up from human evaluators. When it comes to catching AI mistakes some of the systems that we use to prevent human mistakes will help. To an extent, forcing LLMs to double-check their own work can help prevent errors. But LLMs can also make up seemingly reasonable, but truly ridiculous explanations for their flights from reason. In addition, other mistake reduction systems for AI are also unlike anything we use for humans. Because machines can’t get tired or frustrated in the way that humans do, it can help to ask an LLM the same question repeatedly in slightly different ways and then combine its multiple responses. These differences highlight the need for new, custom-made correction mechanisms (机制) that match the unique nature of AI-ensuring these technologies can be safely and reliably integrated into human societies. 8. How are AI mistakes different from human mistakes? A. They are not easy to detect. B. They follow predictable patterns. C. They tend to be in larger numbers. D. They are not related to cognitive tasks. 9. What does the author want to stress about the tools for leading the behavior of LLMs? A. They have certain positive effects. B. Their application hasn’t been popular. C. They need further training for human evaluators’ rewards. D. Their goals have not met the original intentions of human developers. 10. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. AI mistakes are easier to fix than human errors. B. Humans require tailored solutions for AI errors. C. AI is able to copy any systems we use for humans. D. Systems for correcting human mistakes can prevent LLMs mistakes fully. 11. What is the the best title for the text? A. Why Is AI Always Right? B. When Do Human Errors Increase? C. Adapting to AI Error Patterns D. Making AI Mistakes Manageable D Scientists at the University of Surrey have made a breakthrough in batteries that not only store more energy but help tackle greenhouse gas emissions. Lithium-CO2 “breathing” batteries release power while capturing carbon dioxide, offering a better alternative that may one day outperform today’s lithium-ion batteries. Until now, Lithium-CO2 batteries have faced setbacks in efficiency-wearing out quickly and relying on expensive rare materials. However, researchers from Surrey have found a way to overcome these issues by using a low-cost catalyst (催化剂) called CPM. Using computer modelling and lab experiments, tests showed this simple change allowed the battery to store considerably more energy, charge with far less power and run for over 100 cycles. Dr Gadkari, co-author of the study, said, “One of the biggest challenges with these batteries is something called ‘overpotential’ - the extra energy needed to get the reaction going. You can think of it like cycling uphill before you can coast. CPM flattens that hill, meaning the battery loses far less energy during each charge and discharge.” To understand why the CPM worked so well, researchers used two approaches. First, they took apart the battery after charging and discharging to study the chemical changes inside, finding that lithium carbonate, the chemical substances formed when the battery absorbs CO2, could be reliably built up and removed-an essential feature for long-term use. They then turned to computer modelling using density functional theory (DFT) to explore how the reactions unfold on the material surface. Results showed how the CPM’s stable, holey structure offered the ideal surface for key chemical reactions. “What’s exciting about this discovery is that it combines strong performance with simplicity. We’ve shown it’s possible to build efficient lithium-CO2 batteries in large numbers using affordable, expandable materials no rare metals required,” said Dr Gadkari. If commercialised, these batteries could help cut emissions from vehicles and industrial sources. Scientists even imagine they could operate on Mars, where the atmosphere is 95% CO2. The discovery opens new doors for developing even better low-cost, easy-to-make battery materials and marks a milestone step toward real-world applications. 12. What advantage does the new battery have over other batteries based on the first paragraph? A. It’s lighter. B. It’s more user-friendly. C. It’s greener. D. It’s more cost-effective. 13. What does Dr Gadkari want to clarify by referring to “cycling uphill”? A. A natural phenomenon. B. A technical term. C. An experimental stage. D. A theoretical design. 14. How did researchers confirm the effectiveness of CPM besides using modelling? A. By testing its performance on Mars. B. By assessing its durability via DFT. C. By observing reactions in the battery. D. By analyzing lithium carbonate’ structure. 15. What can we infer from the last paragraph about the new battery? A. It is promising for mass production. B. It is convenient to make and recycle C. Its efficiency relies on rare earth elements. D. Its use has reshaped the battery industry. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Whether you’re heading out for a day trip or a quick weekend getaway (短期休假), we will share some travel tips in this guide to help you make your experience more enjoyable. ·Think about how you want to travel. ___16___ Sometimes it means the most enjoyable. Too much consideration on short journeys is not worth it. If you’ve got a preference for a certain means of transport, it’s often worth traveling that way for short distances, even if it ends up taking you a little longer. ·___17___ Some cities, like NYC, are quite walkable. Others simply aren’t. In Amsterdam, the best way to get about is by bike — whether you use the city’s shared bikes or rent one from your hotel. In Southeast Asia, you’d better rent a scooter (小型摩托车). ___18___ So don’t bother to find the so-called one-size-fits-all answer. ·Try all the available options. If you’ re not sure about the best means of transport for you, experience them all. See what catching the subway is like, try cycling or riding the bus. It’s hard to predict what will be the most convenient. LA has a low- cost public transport network but car-pooling is cheaper, and scooters are the best for getting around West Hollywood. ___19___ ·Don’t rely on map apps. Map apps are useful, but they don’t take into account the possibility of packed subways, queues for taxis and the heat of a train in summer. ___20___ So don’t assume something is a 30-minute drive just because a map app says so — by the time you’ve driven halfway, you might still have another 30 minutes to go. A. Don’t limit your choices. B. It takes time to find the best. C. Study the city you will travel to. D. You won’t know until you try them all. E. What works here might not work there. F. The best doesn’t necessarily mean the fastest. G. Besides, they are a bit behind the real traffic time. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When free donuts (甜甜圈) show up at your door, how can you resist? That’s the question Becca Barnoski ____21____ herself asking when a delivery appeared at her apartment door. The order was from Duck Donuts and it ____22____ six delicious donuts. It had been ____23____ at Becca’s door for two hours when she reached out to someone with an important question: Would it be wrong for her to make the ____24____ delivery officially hers now? Or, as Becca ____25____ it in a text, “Morally can it be mine?” Whoever she texted didn’t hesitate to give their ____26____. In fact, they jokingly said the donuts are “____27____ yours now”. Receiving the response, Becca ate the donuts... only to discover an interesting note on her door hours later, which was from the folks who were ____28____ to get the donuts: HELP! Missing Duck Donuts! — Kush in 204 Feeling bad, Becca reached out to them and was totally ____29____ about what had happened. Instead of getting upset, her neighbours were understanding. They ____30____ Becca’s offer to pay them back and kindly texted Becca: It’s totally fine! I am glad they went to a good home and hope you enjoyed them. They were a____31____ from my cousin which is why we weren’t expecting them — thank you for letting us ____32____ and please don’t worry at all. Despite these selfless neighbors insisting Becca didn’t ____33____ them anything. she couldn’t let go of what had happened. She felt guilty for what she had done, and she was ____34____ to make it up to them. So, she decided to leave a note of her own at their door... along with quite the gift card: I’m so sorry I ate your donuts!! Please ____35____ a dinner on me! A gift card in exchange for lost donuts? Sounds like a good trade to us! Who knew you could meet the friendliest people from a delivery incident! 21. A. noticed B. kept C. found D. made 22. A. represented B. contained C. involved D. included 23. A. sitting B. hiding C. settling D. leaning 24. A. mistaken B. delayed C. forgotten D. overlooked 25. A. voiced B. worded C. posed D. sentenced 26. A. decision B. assessment C. commitment D. approval 27. A. temporarily B. formally C. legally D. originally 28. A. permitted B. required C. supposed D. expected 29 A. embarrassed B. honest C. nervous D. positive 30. A. turned up B. turned down C. turned in D. turned to 31. A. reward B. bonus C. surprise D. wonder 32. A. remember B. meet C. see D. know 33. A. owe B. teach C. send D. award 34. A. passionate B. hesitant C. resistant D. determined 35. A. treat B. cook C. reserve D. enjoy 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese experts ____36____ (discover) and identified six Late Paleolithic sites in Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County, Northeast China’s Liaoning Province, since the launch of China’s fourth national cultural relics census(统计). The sites are____37____ (primary) located in Nanzamu and Shangjiahe townships, mostly situated on third-level terraces or hillsides near abundant water sources. A____38____(various) of stone tools have been collected from these sites, including flake tools, scrapers, disc-shaped cores and a small number of other____39____ (instrument). “These new discoveries provide fresh insights ____40____ the distribution and activities of ancient humans in the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River,” said a member of Fushun’s fourth cultural relics census expert team. Zhao Hailong, a professor at the School of Archaeology and Museology at Liaoning University mentioned that ____41____ series of discoveries fill the essential gap in the record of Paleolithic sites along the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River. “They offer us important evidence, ____42____ helps us to understand ancient humans’ strategies for using and developing stone tool materials, their ____43____ (technology) levels and cultural interactions in this region,” Zhao said. Among the discoveries is one site at Langtougou in southern Xinbin, where the team leader found a finely crafted stone tool. These grayish-blue stones, ____44____ (mark) with deep or shallow flake scars, are rounded and easy to grasp, making them well-suited for everyday tasks such as cutting or scraping. The discovery of Langtougou enables archaeologists ____45____ (know) about the lives of people at that time. 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报正在开展征文活动，请结合以下引言写一篇短文投稿，要点如下： 1. 你对该引言的理解； 2. 你所受到的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Home is where you are loved the most and act the worst. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Over the summer I moved from Texas to Missouri. This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in Missouri. I was really nervous about starting a new school and having people like me. I decided that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called “popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I bought a new outfit so the first day would be perfect. On the first day of school, scared, yet eager to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs. My first class was geometry, but where was that? I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you want me to help you find your class? My name is Diane. What’s yours?” Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost. After exchanging names, I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are. It was nice meeting you. I hope I see you again and your day goes all right.” I said a quick thank-you and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle. I decided that this guy was popular. A few minutes later the teacher told everyone to go find a seat and get ready for the class. I managed to get one right next to the guy. I said, “Hi, my name is April and I’m new here.” He said coldly, “Hi, I’m Johnny.” That class dragged on and on. Finally, the bell rang. I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me find it?” He looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the classroom. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As they were walking out, I heard they were all laughing at me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Before I was ready to go home, I heard a familiar voice calling my name. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$