Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip现在完成时（一）（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip 核心语法精练（现在完成时（一）） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 一、现在完成时的用法 1 二、现在完成时的句式结构 2 三、现在完成时常用标志词already,yet,ever,never,since, for,just,before等的用法 2 四、过去分词的变化规则 3 五、延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 3 六、易混辨析have/has gone to；have/has been to；have/has been in 4 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 6 三、选词填空 7 四、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 一、语法选择 9 二、语法填空 10 一、现在完成时的用法 用法 例句 表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响或结果。 —Have you had your dinner yet? 你吃过晚饭了吗? —Yes,I have.I've just had it.是的，我刚吃过。 I have already watched the film.我已经看过这部电影了。 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for、since 连用。 We have lived here since 2010. 自从2010年以来我们就住在这里。 二、现在完成时的句式结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+have/has +过去分词+其他. They have been in China for two years. 他们已经来中国两年了。 否定句 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+其他. They have not/haven't been in China for two years yet. 他们来中国还没有两年。 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 答语：Yes,主语+have/has.或No,主语+have /has+not. —Have they been in China for two years? 他们来中国两年了吗? —Yes,they have./No,they haven't.是的，他们已经来了两年了。/不，他们还没有。 三、现在完成时常用标志词already,yet,ever,never,since, for,just,before等的用法 常与现在完成时连用的状语 since+时间点 for+一段时间 already yet recently lately never up to now ever before since then ever since for a long time in the past/ last few years so far still 具体用法辨析: (1) already和yet常和现在完成时连用，already用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末;yet用在疑问句中，意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末。 例如：I have already finished the work.我已经完成了工作。 例如：I haven't finished the work yet.我还没有完成工作。 (2) just意为“刚刚”, 表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如：I've just finished my homework.我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 (3) ever意为“从来，曾经，在任何时候”,用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如：Have you ever been to Chengdu?你曾经去过成都吗? (4)never意为“从来没有”,常与before 连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:I have never been to such a beautiful place before.我以前从来没有去过这么美丽的地方。 (5) before意为“以前”, 指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。 例如：I haven't heard of it before.我以前没有听说过这件事。 (6)since+过去某个时间点或一般过去时的从句；或since+时间段+ago；常用句型：It has been+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时) 例如：Helen has lived in New York since 2015.海伦自2015年以来一直住在纽约。 例如：Great changes have taken place since you left.自从你走后，这里发生了很大的变化。 例如：He’s been there since two years ago. 他从两年前起就一直待在那儿。 例如：It has been five years since he left here. 他离开这里已经五年了。 (7)for+时间段。 例如：I have been in Guangzhou for two years.我在广州有两年了。 四、过去分词的变化规则 1.规则变化 规则动词的过去分词与过去式的变化规则一致，通常在动词原形后加后缀 -ed，具体分为以下几种情况： 情况 变化规则 例词（原形 → 过去分词） 一般情况 直接加 -ed work → worked；play → played；help → helped 以不发音的 e 结尾 加 -d live → lived；like → liked；love → loved 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -ed study → studied；carry → carried；try → tried 以 “重读闭音节” 结尾（末尾只有一个辅音字母，且前面只有一个元音字母） 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed stop → stopped；plan → planned； prefer → preferred ;hug → hugged 以 “l” 结尾且前面是长元音 双写 l 再加 -ed （英式英语常用） travel → travelled；level → levelled 注意：规则动词的过去分词发音有规律： 在清辅音后读 /t/（如 worked /wɜːkt/）； 在浊辅音或元音后读 /d/（如 played /pleɪd/）； 在 /t//d/ 后读 /ɪd/（如 wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/，needed /ˈniːdɪd/）。 2.不规则变化 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一规则，需要单独记忆。【参考课本教材（Irregular verbs)表格】 五、延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 (1)用法 现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词，非延续性动词在肯定句中不和一段时间连用。 例如:我离开这所学校五年了。 误: I've left this school for five years. (×) 正:I've been away from this school for five years. (√) (2)非延续性动词与一段时间连用要转化为延续性动词。 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 buy→have close→be closed open→be open borrow→keep begin/start→be on get up→be up go→be there wake up→be awake arrive→be in die→be dead lose→not have leave→be away join→be in come→be here fall asleep→be asleep put on→wear finish→be over stop→be over marry/get married→be married catch a cold→have a cold go to bed→be in bed 六、易混辨析have/has gone to；have/has been to；have/has been in have/has gone to 已去某地(还没有回来) have/has been to曾去过某地(已经回来) have/has been in已经在某地 He has gone to Guangzhou.他去了广州。 I have been to Guangzhou.我去过广州。 He has been in Guangzhou since last week.他从上周就一直在广州。 注意：在“have been in”的用法中，若该地为小地点，需用at代替in;当 have been后的地点为副词时，不用介词。 例如：His brother has been at this school for nine years.(小地点) 他的哥哥已在这所学校九年了。 例如：They have been here for half a year.(地点为副词) 他们在这里已经半年了。 一、单项选择 1．Tom ________ many places in China since three years ago. A．visits B．visited C．has visited D．will visit 2．________ he ever ________the film before? A．Does; see B．Have; seen C．Did; see D．Has; seen 3．The number of blue whales ________ sharply in the past 10 years. A．is dropping B．dropped C．drops D．has dropped 4.To protect pandas, the government ______ some natural parks to protect pandas these years. A．has built B．builds C．built D．is built 5.Recently, many people have known that Gansu provides the spicy hot pot which has ________ people. A．attract B．attracted C．attracts D．attracting 6．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making 7.—_________ you decided which story to read? —No, I _________. A．Did; didn’t B．Have; didn’t C．Have; haven’t D．Did; haven’t 8．I ________ this bike last year, and I ________ it for nearly one year. A．bought; have had B．have bought; have C．bought; have bought D．bought; bought 9．—Mom, I want to watch The Lion King on CCTV Channel 6 tonight. —Oh, dear. Come on! It ________ for a few minutes. A．has begun B．will begin C．has been on D．will be on 10．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 11．They have ________ finished doing the housework, but they haven’t done their homework ________. A．already; yet B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; already 12．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 13．My sister has been interested in painting ________ she was 3 years old. A．although B．because C．when D．since 14．—How long have you had that bike over there, Susan? —I’ve had it ________ three years. A．in B．on C．for D．since 15．The film Nezha Ⅱ has been popular among people ________ it came out. A．since B．while C．as D．until 16．My cousin and Lucy have been close friends ________ they met in 2022. A．because B．although C．ever since D．so that 17．My parents _________ Beijing on business for a whole week, so I live with my grandparents these days. A．have been to B．have been in C．have gone to D．have arrived in 18．My best friend Larry ________ Beijing three times. A．has been to B．has been in C．has gone to D．has gone in 19．—Where is Mr. Smith? —He ________ Guangzhou. He ________ there for a week. A．has gone to; has been in B．has been to; has gone C．has gone to; has been D．has been in; has gone to 20．Susan wrote her first book ______. Her book _______ very popular all over the world ever since it came out. A．in 1860’s; was B．in 1860s; has been C．in the 1860s; has been D．in the 1860; was 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Helen loves to talk about travel. She has (be) to many places. 2．He isn’t here right now. He (go) the park. 3．Zhaxi (have) never been to Beijing. 4．— you (have) breakfast yet? —Yes, I have. 5．I haven’t (find) my keys yet. 6．In the last ten years, great changes （take）place in my hometown. 7.—Have you decided which book to recommend for the Reading Week? —Yes. I (choose) Gulliver’s Travel already. 8．My grandparents have been (marry) for 50 years and they celebrated it last Sunday. 9．The movie The Dumpling Queen (become) a May Day box office hit since it released (上映), telling the story of the founder of “Wan Chai Ferry” dumplings. 10．She borrowed this book from the library and (keep) for 3 weeks. 11．I (live) in the place for many years. 12．Mr. Brown already (come) back from England. 13．This is the first time I (visit) Beijing. 14．The boy is happy because he (sell) out all the newspapers. 15．They have (build) four factories in their hometown． 16．Andy (eat) his breakfast. Now he is not hungry. 17．It’s five years since he (come) back from the USA． 18．John is my best friend. I (know) him for twenty years. 19．You’d better cook the fish as soon as possible because they have been (die) for some time. 20．Alice has (hide) her diary somewhere so that her sister can’t find it. 21．The exam is coming to an end, but Tom (not write) even a word in his paper yet. 22．Have you ever (hear) of this story? 23．Lisa has (travel) to many countries and knows much about their cultures. 24．The little girl (read) many books since she was five years old. 25．Mr Wang (teach) in this school for twenty years. 三、选词填空 (A)用since和for填空 1． two years 2． two years ago 3． last month 4． 1999 5． we were children 6． lunch time 7． she left here 8．He has lived in Nanjing the year before last. 9．Our teacher has studied Japanese three years. 10．It’s about ten years she left the city. (B)用have或has填空。 1．I seen this film seven times. 2．He already washed the dishes. 3．They driven away. 4．The children eaten their lunch. 5．The dog just bitten a man. 6． he failed his test? 7． they learnt how to swim? 8． she seen the film yet? 9． you bathed the dog? 10． the man watered the plants? (C) have/has been to have/has been in    have/has gone to 1．A spaceship Mars. It is coming back to the earth next year. 2．Some astronauts the moon twice. 3．Two British astronauts the space station for 2 months. They will come back in January. 四、完成句子 1.迄今为止，他已经去过了许多中国的名胜古迹。 , he already to many places of interest in China. 2．从那以后，我和我的老同学保持着联系。 Since then, I with my former classmates. 3.你曾经在异国学习过吗？ you ever in another country? 4.我妈妈已经去上海了。 她下周回来。 My mother to Shanghai. She next week. 5．杰克已经做完家庭作业了，他在读英语杂志。 Jack his homework. He the English magazine. 6.自从两个月以前他就参加了科学俱乐部。 He in the Science Club two months ago. 7.我已经学习历史两年了。 I history two years. 8.这本字典你买多久了？ How long you this dictionary? 9.美术老师已经教了我们三年了。 The art teacher us for three years. 10．迈克的爷爷奶奶结婚50年了。（两种表达） ①Mike’s grandparents for fifty years. ②Mike’s grandparents fifty years ago. 一、语法选择 Hi, Fred! I’m writing to let you know how things have been going during my term in Spain. I 1 here for six weeks and I feel like I am finally adapting to (适应) the culture. I arrived during 2 week of September. Even though it’s October, it’s still quite sunny and warm. In fact, I went to the beach and swam earlier today. I am living with 3 very welcoming host family. I have my own bedroom, but we eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner together. On Sundays, we eat a big home-cooked food for lunch. In Spain, lunch is usually the 4 meal of the day. On weekdays, I take classes at the local university. There, I met 5 Spanish speakers. They have been very kind and patient with me. At first, I didn’t understand 6 Spanish very well, but now I understand most of our conversations. My Spanish has improved a lot since we first 7 . Now, I’m 8 to use the language in other places like stores and restaurants than before. I am so glad that I decided to spend the term here in Spain. We have another weekend coming up, so a group of my friends and I are going to travel to France for four days. It’s so easy and cheap to travel here in Europe. It’s full 9 fun. I look forward to 10 from you soon. Stay in touch more often. Perhaps you could even come to visit! What do you think? Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Patrick 1．A．am B．was C．has been D．have been 2．A．one B．first C．the one D．the first 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．bigness 5．A．some B．any C．a lot D．a little 6．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 7．A．met B．meet C．meets D．have met 8．A．confident B．more confident C．confidently D．more confidently 9．A．in B．of C．with D．from 10．A．hear B．hearing C．heard D．hears 二、语法填空 阅读填空，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   When I was 16 years old, I took 1 part-time job for the first time in my life, I worked at a restaurant near my home for a whole month. I thought working in the restaurant would be the 2 (easy) job in the world. 3 , I made some mistakes in the first few days of work, I broke a few glasses and cut my hands while I 4 (wash) dishes. And it was hard for me 5 (hold) a full tray (盘子) with just one hand. My boss comforted (安慰) me. His 6 (word) were a big help to me. They showed me that the more I do, the 7 (good) I’ ll become. Since that day, I 8 (become) more patient and willing to try new things. Everything goes well. The month soon came to an end, I decided to continue my work, so that I could learn a lot 9 this work experience. Through it, I got to understand that we need more than just experience to master a job. Above all, we need a positive attitude (态度). My time at the restaurant will remain with 10 (I) forever and benefit me in the future. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip 核心语法精练（现在完成时（一）） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 一、现在完成时的用法 1 二、现在完成时的句式结构 2 三、现在完成时常用标志词already,yet,ever,never,since, for,just,before等的用法 2 四、过去分词的变化规则 3 五、延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 3 六、易混辨析have/has gone to；have/has been to；have/has been in 4 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 9 三、选词填空 13 四、完成句子 16 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 18 一、语法选择 18 二、语法填空 20 一、现在完成时的用法 用法 例句 表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响或结果。 —Have you had your dinner yet? 你吃过晚饭了吗? —Yes,I have.I've just had it.是的，我刚吃过。 I have already watched the film.我已经看过这部电影了。 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for、since 连用。 We have lived here since 2010. 自从2010年以来我们就住在这里。 二、现在完成时的句式结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+have/has +过去分词+其他. They have been in China for two years. 他们已经来中国两年了。 否定句 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+其他. They have not/haven't been in China for two years yet. 他们来中国还没有两年。 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 答语：Yes,主语+have/has.或No,主语+have /has+not. —Have they been in China for two years? 他们来中国两年了吗? —Yes,they have./No,they haven't.是的，他们已经来了两年了。/不，他们还没有。 三、现在完成时常用标志词already,yet,ever,never,since, for,just,before等的用法 常与现在完成时连用的状语 since+时间点 for+一段时间 already yet recently lately never up to now ever before since then ever since for a long time in the past/ last few years so far still 具体用法辨析: (1) already和yet常和现在完成时连用，already用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末;yet用在疑问句中，意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末。 例如：I have already finished the work.我已经完成了工作。 例如：I haven't finished the work yet.我还没有完成工作。 (2) just意为“刚刚”, 表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如：I've just finished my homework.我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 (3) ever意为“从来，曾经，在任何时候”,用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如：Have you ever been to Chengdu?你曾经去过成都吗? (4)never意为“从来没有”,常与before 连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 例如:I have never been to such a beautiful place before.我以前从来没有去过这么美丽的地方。 (5) before意为“以前”, 指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。 例如：I haven't heard of it before.我以前没有听说过这件事。 (6)since+过去某个时间点或一般过去时的从句；或since+时间段+ago；常用句型：It has been+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时) 例如：Helen has lived in New York since 2015.海伦自2015年以来一直住在纽约。 例如：Great changes have taken place since you left.自从你走后，这里发生了很大的变化。 例如：He’s been there since two years ago. 他从两年前起就一直待在那儿。 例如：It has been five years since he left here. 他离开这里已经五年了。 (7)for+时间段。 例如：I have been in Guangzhou for two years.我在广州有两年了。 四、过去分词的变化规则 1.规则变化 规则动词的过去分词与过去式的变化规则一致，通常在动词原形后加后缀 -ed，具体分为以下几种情况： 情况 变化规则 例词（原形 → 过去分词） 一般情况 直接加 -ed work → worked；play → played；help → helped 以不发音的 e 结尾 加 -d live → lived；like → liked；love → loved 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -ed study → studied；carry → carried；try → tried 以 “重读闭音节” 结尾（末尾只有一个辅音字母，且前面只有一个元音字母） 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed stop → stopped；plan → planned； prefer → preferred ;hug → hugged 以 “l” 结尾且前面是长元音 双写 l 再加 -ed （英式英语常用） travel → travelled；level → levelled 注意：规则动词的过去分词发音有规律： 在清辅音后读 /t/（如 worked /wɜːkt/）； 在浊辅音或元音后读 /d/（如 played /pleɪd/）； 在 /t//d/ 后读 /ɪd/（如 wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/，needed /ˈniːdɪd/）。 2.不规则变化 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一规则，需要单独记忆。【参考课本教材（Irregular verbs)表格】 五、延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法 (1)用法 现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词，非延续性动词在肯定句中不和一段时间连用。 例如:我离开这所学校五年了。 误: I've left this school for five years. (×) 正:I've been away from this school for five years. (√) (2)非延续性动词与一段时间连用要转化为延续性动词。 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 非延续性动词→延续性动词 buy→have close→be closed open→be open borrow→keep begin/start→be on get up→be up go→be there wake up→be awake arrive→be in die→be dead lose→not have leave→be away join→be in come→be here fall asleep→be asleep put on→wear finish→be over stop→be over marry/get married→be married catch a cold→have a cold go to bed→be in bed 六、易混辨析have/has gone to；have/has been to；have/has been in have/has gone to 已去某地(还没有回来) have/has been to曾去过某地(已经回来) have/has been in已经在某地 He has gone to Guangzhou.他去了广州。 I have been to Guangzhou.我去过广州。 He has been in Guangzhou since last week.他从上周就一直在广州。 注意：在“have been in”的用法中，若该地为小地点，需用at代替in;当 have been后的地点为副词时，不用介词。 例如：His brother has been at this school for nine years.(小地点) 他的哥哥已在这所学校九年了。 例如：They have been here for half a year.(地点为副词) 他们在这里已经半年了。 一、单项选择 1．Tom ________ many places in China since three years ago. A．visits B．visited C．has visited D．will visit 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自三年前以来，汤姆已经游览了中国的许多地方。 考查时态。句子中“since three years ago”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 过去分词”；主语“Tom”是第三人称单数，所以用“has”，“visit”的过去分词是“visited”。故选C。 2．________ he ever ________the film before? A．Does; see B．Have; seen C．Did; see D．Has; seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他以前看过这部电影吗？ 考查现在完成时。根据“ever”和“before”可知，本句为现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词。主语为“he”需用has，过去分词用“seen”。故选D。 3．The number of blue whales ________ sharply in the past 10 years. A．is dropping B．dropped C．drops D．has dropped 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去的10年里，蓝鲸的数量急剧下降。 考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“in the past 10 years”可知是现在完成时have/has done，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。故选D。 4.To protect pandas, the government ______ some natural parks to protect pandas these years. A．has built B．builds C．built D．is built 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了保护熊猫，政府这些年已经建立了一些自然公园来保护熊猫。   考查动词时态辨析。has built 现在完成时；builds 一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；built 一般过去时；is built 一般现在时的被动语态。根据“these years”可知，该句时态为现在完成时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，且主语“the government”和谓语“build”之间是主动关系，应用主动语态。故选A。 5.Recently, many people have known that Gansu provides the spicy hot pot which has ________ people. A．attract B．attracted C．attracts D．attracting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最近，很多人已经知道甘肃提供的麻辣烫已经吸引了很多人。 考查时态。根据“have known that Gansu provides the spicy hot pot which has...people”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，故此处用过去分词attracted。故选B。 6．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：近年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。 考查时态。根据“In the last few years”可知，应该与现在完成时连用，结构为have/has done，主语China为单数，应用has made。故选C。 7.—_________ you decided which story to read? —No, I _________. A．Did; didn’t B．Have; didn’t C．Have; haven’t D．Did; haven’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你已经决定读哪个故事了吗？——不，我还没有。 考查现在完成时和一般疑问句。根据“…you decided which story to read?”可知，动作从过去开始持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语是you，第一空应用Have；根据“No, I”可知，此处作否定回答，应表达为“No, I haven’t”。故选C。 8．I ________ this bike last year, and I ________ it for nearly one year. A．bought; have had B．have bought; have C．bought; have bought D．bought; bought 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我去年买了这辆自行车，并且已经拥有它近一年了。 考查时态和延续性动词。第一个空，根据“last year”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，填动词过去式的bought作谓语；第二个空，根据“for nearly one year”可知，此处表示持续一段时间，且动作延续至今，需用现在完成时，且动词用延续性动词，用have had。故选A。 9．—Mom, I want to watch The Lion King on CCTV Channel 6 tonight. —Oh, dear. Come on! It ________ for a few minutes. A．has begun B．will begin C．has been on D．will be on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今晚想看央视6频道的《狮子王》。——哦，亲爱的，快点！它已经开演几分钟了。 考查现在完成时的延续性动词用法。has begun已经开始；will begin将要开始；has been on已经上演；will be on将要上演。“for a few minutes”表示持续一段时间，需用延续性动词短语。故选C。 10．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——《哪吒2》真是令人惊喜！你看过了吗？——还没有。但是我计划这个周六晚上去电影院看。 考查现在完成时。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；just仅仅。根据“Have you...watched it?”可知，问句是含有ever的现在完成时的句子，表示“是否曾经做过某事？”，Not yet“还没有”是否定回答。故选B。 11．They have ________ finished doing the housework, but they haven’t done their homework ________. A．already; yet B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; already 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们早已完成家务活，但是他们还没完成他们的家庭作业。 考查动词时态。already早已；yet用于否定句和疑问句，谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事。在现在完成时中，already用于肯定，yet用于否定。根据“They have ... finished doing the housework, but they haven’t done their homework ...”可知，第一空为肯定，第二空为否定。故选A。 12．—Have you ________ been to France? —No, ________. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．ever; ever D．never; never 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过法国吗？——没有，从来没有。 考查副词。ever曾经，常与现在完成时连用，表示某个动作或状态是否曾经发生过；never从未。分析句子可知，第一空表示“曾经”；第二空表示“从未去过”。故选A。 13．My sister has been interested in painting ________ she was 3 years old. A．although B．because C．when D．since 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妹妹从她3岁起就对绘画感兴趣了。   考查连词辨析。although虽然；because因为；when当……时候；since自从。根据“My sister has been interested in painting”可知，句子使用了现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间点开始持续到现在的状态。“she was 3 years old”表示时间的起点，因此应选since，表示“自从她3岁起”。故选D。 14．—How long have you had that bike over there, Susan? —I’ve had it ________ three years. A．in B．on C．for D．since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——苏珊，那边的自行车你买了多久了？——我买了三年了。 考查介词辨析。in在……内；on在……上；for持续（一段时间）；since自从（某时间点）。根据“I’ve had it...three years”可知，此处表示时间段，需用“for”。故选C。 15．The film Nezha Ⅱ has been popular among people ________ it came out. A．since B．while C．as D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：电影《哪吒2》自上映以来一直广受欢迎。 考查连词辨析。since自从，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，表示从过去某时间点持续到现在的状态；while当……时，强调动作同时进行；as当……时，侧重伴随；until直到，表示动作持续到某一时间点。根据“...has been popular...came out”可知，此处需用“since”表达“从上映至今一直受欢迎”。故选A。 16．My cousin and Lucy have been close friends ________ they met in 2022. A．because B．although C．ever since D．so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的表妹和露西自2022年相遇以来一直是亲密的朋友。    考查连词辨析。because因为；although尽管；ever since自从；so that以便。根据“they met in 2022”可推知，空格处需填入表示“自从”的时间连词，强调从过去某一时间点持续至今的状态。故选C。 17．My parents _________ Beijing on business for a whole week, so I live with my grandparents these days. A．have been to B．have been in C．have gone to D．have arrived in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父母在北京出差整整一个星期了，所以这些天我和祖父母住在一起。 考查现在完成时。have been to去过某地，现已回来；have been in在某地待了多久时间；have gone to去了某地，还未回来；have arrived in到达，非延续性动词。根据“I live with my grandparents these days”可知，父母现在不在家，还在出差，排除选项A；根据“for a whole week”可知，此处与“for+一段时间”连用，应用have been in，表示“父母在北京出差停留一周”的持续状态。故选B。 18．My best friend Larry ________ Beijing three times. A．has been to B．has been in C．has gone to D．has gone in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友Larry去过北京三次。 考查动词短语。has been to去过某地，现已回来；has been in持续待在某地；has gone to去了某地，尚未回来；has gone in搭配错误。根据“three times”可知，此句强调经历，去过北京三次，现已回来。故选A。 19．—Where is Mr. Smith? —He ________ Guangzhou. He ________ there for a week. A．has gone to; has been in B．has been to; has gone C．has gone to; has been D．has been in; has gone to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——史密斯先生在哪里？——他去广州了。他在那里待了一个星期。 考查现在完成时及短语辨析。has gone to表示“去了某地（还未回来）”；has been to表示“去过某地（已回来）”；has been in表示“在某地（后接地点）”；has been表示“在某地（后接副词there/here等）”。第一空根据“Where is Mr. Smith?”可知，史密斯先生去了广州还没回来，用has gone to；第二空后是副词there，用has been，故选C。 20．Susan wrote her first book ______. Her book _______ very popular all over the world ever since it came out. A．in 1860’s; was B．in 1860s; has been C．in the 1860s; has been D．in the 1860; was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：苏珊在1860年代写了她的第一本书。自那本书出版以来，它一直在全世界非常受欢迎。 考查年代表达和时态。在英语中，表示“在某个年代”，使用“in the + 年代 + s”的结构；又由“…ever since it came out.”可知，此处表示从过去某个时间点 (书出版时) 一直持续到现在的状态，强调动作或状态的延续性，需用现在完成时。故选C。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Helen loves to talk about travel. She has (be) to many places. 【答案】been 【详解】句意：海伦喜欢谈论旅行。她去过很多地方。根据“She has...(be) to many places.”可知，此处是has been to“曾经去过”，是固定表达。故填been。 2．He isn’t here right now. He (go) the park. 【答案】has gone to 【详解】句意：他现在不在这里。他去了公园。根据“He isn’t here right now.”可知此处表示“去了”，应用“have/has gone to”，主语是“He”，助动词应用“has”。故填has gone to。 3．Zhaxi (have) never been to Beijing. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：扎西从未去过北京。主语“Zhaxi”为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has。 4．— you (have) breakfast yet? —Yes, I have. 【答案】 Have had 【详解】句意：——你吃早餐了吗？——是的，吃过了。根据答语“Yes, I have.”以及“yet”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“have done”，此句为一般疑问句，主语为“you”，将have放置句首，首字母大写；主语后接过去分词had。故填Have；had。 5．I haven’t (find) my keys yet. 【答案】found 【详解】句意：我还没有找到我的钥匙。根据“yet”可知，动作正在发生且有可能继续，因此为现在完成时的否定，谓语动词形式为have/has not+动词过去分词，故填found。 6．In the last ten years, great changes （take）place in my hometown. 【答案】have taken 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。“in  the last ten years（在过去的十年里 ）” 是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的构成是 “have/has +  过去分词” 。主语 “great changes” 是复数，所以用 “have”，“take” 的过去分词是 “taken” ，故填 have taken 。 7.—Have you decided which book to recommend for the Reading Week? —Yes. I (choose) Gulliver’s Travel already. 【答案】have chosen 【详解】句意：——你决定推荐哪本书作为阅读周的书了吗？——是的。我已经选了《格列佛游记》。根据“already”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”；主语为I，助动词用have，choose的过去分词为chosen。故填have chosen。 8．My grandparents have been (marry) for 50 years and they celebrated it last Sunday. 【答案】married 【详解】句意：我的祖父母已经结婚50年了，他们上周日庆祝了这个纪念日。 be married “结婚的，已婚的”，符合语境。故填married。 9．The movie The Dumpling Queen (become) a May Day box office hit since it released (上映), telling the story of the founder of “Wan Chai Ferry” dumplings. 【答案】has become 【详解】句意：电影《水饺皇后》自上映以来，已成为五一票房热门影片，讲述了“湾仔码头”水饺创始人的故事。因为有“since it released”这一现在完成时的标志性时间状语，所以用现在完成时，句子主语“The movie The Dumpling Queen”是单数，所以用“has”；“become”的过去分词是“become”，“has become”在句中作谓语，体现从电影上映到现在产生的“成为票房热门”这一结果。故填has become。 10．She borrowed this book from the library and (keep) for 3 weeks. 【答案】has kept 【详解】句意：她从图书馆借了这本书，并将其保留了3周。根据“for 3 weeks”可知，句子强调“借书”的动作发生在过去，而“保留3周”是从过去持续到现在的状态，时态应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语为“She”，助动词应用has，动词keep的过去分词为kept。故填has kept。 11．I (live) in the place for many years. 【答案】have lived 【详解】句意：我在这个地方住了很多年。根据“for many years”可知，此句时态应用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。主语为“I”，助动词用have；live“居住”，动词，过去分词为lived。故填have lived。 12．Mr. Brown already (come) back from England. 【答案】 has come 【详解】句意：布朗先生已经从英国回来了。根据句子中的时间状语“already”可知，此处应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“Mr. Brown”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”；“come”的过去分词为“come”。故填has；come。 13．This is the first time I (visit) Beijing. 【答案】have visited 【详解】句意：这是我第一次参观北京。根据“This is the first time”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。主语为“I”，助动词用have；visit“参观”，动词，过去分词为visited。故填have visited。 14．The boy is happy because he (sell) out all the newspapers. 【答案】has sold 【详解】句意：这个男孩很高兴，因为他把所有的报纸都卖光了。根据语境可知，他开心是因为卖完了报纸，说明是已经发生的动作对现在造成了影响，所以时态为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has，sell的过去分词是sold。故填has sold。 15．They have (build) four factories in their hometown． 【答案】built 【详解】句意：他们在自己的家乡已经建了四家工厂。根据“have”可知，此处为现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”；动词“build”的过去分词为“built”，在句中作谓语的一部分。故填built。 16．Andy (eat) his breakfast. Now he is not hungry. 【答案】has eaten 【详解】句意：安迪已经吃完了他的早餐。现在他不饿了。根据“Andy... (eat) his breakfast. Now he is not hungry.”可知，“吃完早餐”这一动作对现在产生了影响，符合现在完成时的用法（动作发生在过去，持续到现在或对现在有影响）。主语Andy是第三人称单数，助动词用has，eat的过去分词为eaten。故填has eaten。 17．It’s five years since he (come) back from the USA． 【答案】came 【详解】句意：自从他从美国回来已经五年了。句型“It is + 时间段 + since + 从句”表示“自从……以来已经多长时间了”，该结构中，since引导的从句需使用一般过去时，强调动作发生在过去的某个时间点，应填came。故填came。 18．John is my best friend. I (know) him for twenty years. 【答案】have known 【详解】句意：约翰是我最好的朋友。我认识他二十年了。根据“for twenty years”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，I作主语，助动词用have，know的过去分词为known。故填have known。 19．You’d better cook the fish as soon as possible because they have been (die) for some time. 【答案】dead 【详解】句意：你最好尽快把鱼煮了，因为它们已经死了一段时间了。根据“they have been ... for some time”以及英文提示可知，此处需要填入一个形容词或过去分词，与“have been”构成现在完成时的被动状态，表示“死亡”的持续状态。“die”是短暂性动词，其对应的延续性状态为“dead”。故填dead。 20．Alice has (hide) her diary somewhere so that her sister can’t find it. 【答案】hidden 【详解】句意：爱丽丝把她的日记藏在某个地方了，这样她妹妹就找不到了。根据空前的“has”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，谓语结构为“has done”，hide的过去分词为hidden，故填hidden。 21．The exam is coming to an end, but Tom (not write) even a word in his paper yet. 【答案】hasn’t written 【详解】句意：考试快结束了，可汤姆的卷子一个字也没写。根据“The exam is coming to an end, but Tom…(not write) even a word in his paper yet.”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语为Tom，助动词用has，其否定形式为hasn’t，动词write的过去分词为written。故填hasn’t written。 22．Have you ever (hear) of this story? 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：你曾经听说过这个故事吗？hear“听见，听说”，是一个动词。根据句子结构可知，这句话使用的是现在完成时，have+过去分词，这里应填过去分词形式。故填heard。 23．Lisa has (travel) to many countries and knows much about their cultures. 【答案】travelled/traveled 【详解】句意：Lisa已经去过很多国家，对这些国家的文化了解很多。此处应用现在完成时has done的结构，travel的过去分词是travelled/traveled，故填travelled/traveled。 24．The little girl (read) many books since she was five years old. 【答案】has read 【详解】句意：这个小女孩从五岁起就读了很多书。根据“since she was five years old”和提示词汇可知，“since+句子”常用于现在完成时，主语The little girl为单数，谓语用“has+过去分词”的结构，read为动词过去分词。故填has read。 25．Mr Wang (teach) in this school for twenty years. 【答案】has taught 【详解】句意：王先生已经在这所学校教了二十年书了。根据“for twenty years”可知此处用现在完成时，主语是Mr Wang，结构是has+done，teach的过去分词是taught。故填has taught。 三、选词填空 (A)用since和for填空 1． two years 2． two years ago 3． last month 4． 1999 5． we were children 6． lunch time 7． she left here 8．He has lived in Nanjing the year before last. 9．Our teacher has studied Japanese three years. 10．It’s about ten years she left the city. 【答案】 1．for 2．since 3．since 4．since 5．since 6．since 7．since 8．since 9．for 10．since 【解析】1．for+时间段，表示动作延续的时间长度，two years为时间段。故填for。 2．since+时间段+ago，表示动作起始时间，two years ago为时间段+ago。故填since。 3．since+过去时间点，表示动作起始时间，last month为过去时间点。故填since。 4．since+过去时间点，表示动作起始时间，1999为过去时间点。故填since。 5．since+从句，表示动作起始时间，we were children为从句。故填since。 6．since+过去时间点，表示动作起始时间，lunch time为过去时间点。故填since。 7．since+从句，表示动作起始时间，she left here为从句。故填since。 8．句意：他从前年起就住在南京。since+过去时间点，表示动作起始时间，the year before last为过去时间点。故填since。 9．句意：我们的老师学日语已经三年了。for+时间段，表示动作延续的时间长度，three years为时间段。故填for。 10．句意：她离开这座城市大约十年了。since+从句，表示动作起始时间，she left the city为从句。故填since。 (B)用have或has填空。 1．I seen this film seven times. 2．He already washed the dishes. 3．They driven away. 4．The children eaten their lunch. 5．The dog just bitten a man. 6． he failed his test? 7． they learnt how to swim? 8． she seen the film yet? 9． you bathed the dog? 10． the man watered the plants? 【答案】 1．have 2．has 3．have 4．have 5．has 6．Has 7．Have 8．Has 9．Have 10．Has 【解析】1．句意：我已经看过这部电影七次了。根据句意可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语是 I，助动词用 have，see 的过去分词是 seen。故填have。 2．句意：他已经洗了碗。“already”常与现在完成时连用，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，所以用“has washed”。故填has。 3．句意：他们已经驾车离开了。此句强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，“They”是复数，助动词用“have”，“driven”是“drive”的过去分词。故填have。 4．句意：孩子们已经吃了午饭。“The children”是复数，结合语境，用现在完成时“have eaten”。故填have。 5．句意：这只狗刚刚咬了一个人。“just”是现在完成时的标志词，“The dog”是单数，用“has bitten”。故填has。 6．句意：他考试不及格了吗？这是一个一般疑问句，主语“he”是第三人称单数，现在完成时的一般疑问句将助动词“has”提前。故填Has。 7．句意：他们学会游泳了吗？“They”是复数，现在完成时的一般疑问句将助动词“have”提前。故填Have。 8．句意：她看过这部电影了吗？“she”是第三人称单数，现在完成时的一般疑问句将助动词“has”提前。故填Has。 9．句意：你给狗洗澡了吗？“you”是第二人称，现在完成时的一般疑问句将助动词“have”提前。故填Have。 10．句意：这个男人给植物浇水了吗？“the man”是第三人称单数，现在完成时的一般疑问句将助动词“has”提前。故填Has。 (C) have/has been to have/has been in    have/has gone to 1．A spaceship Mars. It is coming back to the earth next year. 2．Some astronauts the moon twice. 3．Two British astronauts the space station for 2 months. They will come back in January. 【答案】1．has gone to 2．have been to 3．have been in 【解析】1．句意：一艘宇宙飞船去了火星。它将于明年重返地球。根据“It is coming back to the earth next year.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指去了某地，还未回来，have gone to“去了”符合，空处所在句的主语为“A spaceship”，应填has gone to。故填has gone to。 2．句意：有些宇航员去过两次月球。根据“twice”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指去了某地，但是已经回来了，have been to“到过”符合，根据“Some astronauts”可知，此用动词原形。故填have been to。 3．句意：两名英国宇航员在空间站待了 2 个月。他们将在一月份回来。“have/has been in”与 “for 2 months”（一段时间）连用，强调 “在某地待了多久”，主语 “two British astronauts” 是复数，故用 have been in。 四、完成句子 1.迄今为止，他已经去过了许多中国的名胜古迹。 , he already to many places of interest in China. 【答案】 So far has been 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“迄今为止”和“去过了”的英文。So for意为“迄今为止”，故本句时态为现在完成时，其结构为has/have done，主语为he，助动词需has，has been to意为“曾经去过某地”。故填So；far；has；been。 2．从那以后，我和我的老同学保持着联系。 Since then, I with my former classmates. 【答案】 have kept/stayed in touch 【详解】根据题干可知，空处缺少“保持着联系”，应用短语keep/stay in touch表示，根据“Since then”可知，此处表示动作从过去某个时间一直延续到现在，句子要用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have；kept/stayed；in；touch。 3.你曾经在异国学习过吗？ you ever in another country? 【答案】 Have studied 【详解】根据语境可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为“you”，故应将have提至句首且首字母大写，study作动词，其过去分词形式为studied。故填Have；studied。 4.我妈妈已经去上海了。 她下周回来。 My mother to Shanghai. She next week. 【答案】 has gone will be back 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一个空格处应用现在完成时，表示“已经去了某地还未回来”，因此用have gone to，主语“My mother”为第三人称单数形式，因此用has gone to；根据“next week”可知，第二个空处应用一般将来时，构成为will+动词原形，be back“回来”。故填has gone；will be back。 5．杰克已经做完家庭作业了，他在读英语杂志。 Jack his homework. He the English magazine. 【答案】 has finished is reading 【详解】finish one’s homework“做完家庭作业”，根据“已经做完”可知第一句应用现在完成时，主语为Jack，助动词用has，finish的过去分词为finished，因此第一空应填入has finished；read“读”，根据“在读”可知第二句应用现在进行时，主语为He，be动词应用is，read的现在分词为reading。故填has finished；is reading。 6.自从两个月以前他就参加了科学俱乐部。 He in the Science Club two months ago. 【答案】 has been since 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处应用现在完成时，构成为have/ has done，主语“He”为第三人称单数形式，因此用has，be in“参加”，动词短语，be的过去分词为been；since“自从”。故填has been；since。 7.我已经学习历史两年了。 I history two years. 【答案】 have learnt for 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处为现在完成时have done，主语I是第一人称，故用have，learn“学习”，动词原型，其过去分词为learnt，用for来表示时间的持续。故填have learnt；for。 8.这本字典你买多久了？ How long you this dictionary? 【答案】 have had 【详解】根据“How long”可知，句子用现在完成时态“have/has done”，主语是“you”，此时助动词用have；句中应用延续性动词，buy“买”是短暂性动词，其延续性动词为have，过去分词是had。故填have；had。 9.美术老师已经教了我们三年了。 The art teacher us for three years. 【答案】has taught 【详解】teach“教”，根据“for three years”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has taught。 10．迈克的爷爷奶奶结婚50年了。（两种表达） ①Mike’s grandparents for fifty years. ②Mike’s grandparents fifty years ago. 【答案】 have been married got married 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一句缺少“结婚”“，“for fifty years”表示一段时间，要用现在完成时，且动词需用延续性动词。be married表示“已婚”的状态，是延续性的，其现在完成时形式为have been married，故第一空填have been married；第二句中“fifty years ago”是一般过去时的标志，get married表示 “结婚” 这一动作，其过去式为got married，故第二空填got married。故填have been married；got married。 一、语法选择 Hi, Fred! I’m writing to let you know how things have been going during my term in Spain. I 1 here for six weeks and I feel like I am finally adapting to (适应) the culture. I arrived during 2 week of September. Even though it’s October, it’s still quite sunny and warm. In fact, I went to the beach and swam earlier today. I am living with 3 very welcoming host family. I have my own bedroom, but we eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner together. On Sundays, we eat a big home-cooked food for lunch. In Spain, lunch is usually the 4 meal of the day. On weekdays, I take classes at the local university. There, I met 5 Spanish speakers. They have been very kind and patient with me. At first, I didn’t understand 6 Spanish very well, but now I understand most of our conversations. My Spanish has improved a lot since we first 7 . Now, I’m 8 to use the language in other places like stores and restaurants than before. I am so glad that I decided to spend the term here in Spain. We have another weekend coming up, so a group of my friends and I are going to travel to France for four days. It’s so easy and cheap to travel here in Europe. It’s full 9 fun. I look forward to 10 from you soon. Stay in touch more often. Perhaps you could even come to visit! What do you think? Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Patrick 1．A．am B．was C．has been D．have been 2．A．one B．first C．the one D．the first 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．bigness 5．A．some B．any C．a lot D．a little 6．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves 7．A．met B．meet C．meets D．have met 8．A．confident B．more confident C．confidently D．more confidently 9．A．in B．of C．with D．from 10．A．hear B．hearing C．heard D．hears 【答案】 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是帕特里克写给弗莱德的信。介绍自己在西班牙的生活。 1．句意：我在这里已经六个星期了，我觉得我终于适应了这里的文化。 am一般现在时；was一般过去时；has been现在完成时；have been现在完成时。根据“for six weeks”可知，此处用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have。故选D。 2．句意：我是在九月的第一个星期到的。 one一，基数词；first第一，序数词；the one特指那个；the first定冠词the+序数词。根据“I arrived during...week of September.”可知，此处表示九月的第一个星期，故选D。 3．句意：我住在一个非常热情的寄宿家庭。 a泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指一个寄宿家庭，“very”首字母发辅音音素，故选A。 4．句意：在西班牙，午餐通常是一天中最丰盛的一餐。 big形容词原级；bigger形容词比较级；biggest形容词最高级；bigness名词。此处作定语，空前有the修饰，所以用形容词最高级。故选C。 5．句意：在那里，我遇到了一些说西班牙语的人。 some一些；any任何；a lot十分；a little有一点。此处是肯定句，修饰“Spanish speakers”，故选A。 6．句意：起初，我不太懂他们的西班牙语，但现在我能听懂我们大部分的对话。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。此处作定语修饰Spanish，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 7．句意：自从我们第一次见面以来，我的西班牙语进步了很多。 met一般过去时；meet一般现在时，动词原形；meets一般现在时，动词三单；have met现在完成时。since引导的从句用一般过去时，故选A。 8．句意：现在，我比以前更有信心在商店和餐馆等其他地方使用英语。 confident形容词原级；more confident形容词比较级；confidently副词原级；more confidently副词比较级。此处在句中作表语，结合“than before”可知，用形容词比较级，故选B。 9．句意：它充满了乐趣。 in在里面；of关于；with和；from从。be full of“充满”，固定短语，故选B。 10．句意：我期待很快收到你的来信。 hear动词原形；hearing动名词/现在分词；heard动词过去式；hears动词三单。look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，故选B。 二、语法填空 阅读填空，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   When I was 16 years old, I took 1 part-time job for the first time in my life, I worked at a restaurant near my home for a whole month. I thought working in the restaurant would be the 2 (easy) job in the world. 3 , I made some mistakes in the first few days of work, I broke a few glasses and cut my hands while I 4 (wash) dishes. And it was hard for me 5 (hold) a full tray (盘子) with just one hand. My boss comforted (安慰) me. His 6 (word) were a big help to me. They showed me that the more I do, the 7 (good) I’ ll become. Since that day, I 8 (become) more patient and willing to try new things. Everything goes well. The month soon came to an end, I decided to continue my work, so that I could learn a lot 9 this work experience. Through it, I got to understand that we need more than just experience to master a job. Above all, we need a positive attitude (态度). My time at the restaurant will remain with 10 (I) forever and benefit me in the future. 【答案】 1．a 2．easiest 3．However 4．was washing 5．to hold 6．words 7．better 8．have become 9．from 10．me 【导语】本文讲述了作者16岁时第一次做兼职的经历，通过在餐厅工作的挑战和成长，认识到拥有积极态度对于掌握工作的重要性。 1．句意：当我16岁时，我生平第一次做了一份兼职工作。根据空格前的“took”以及空格后的“part-time job”可知，本题考查短语take a part-time job“做一份兼职工作”，空格处需要不定冠词a来表示“一份”。故填a。 2．句意：我认为在餐厅工作会是世界上最容易的工作。根据“in the world”这一表示范围的短语，可知此处要用形容词的最高级形式，easy的最高级是easiest。故填easiest。 3．句意：然而，在工作的头几天我犯了一些错误。  前文说认为在餐厅工作容易，后文说犯了错误，前后是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，所以用However。故填However。 4．句意：我打碎了几个玻璃杯，并且在洗碗的时候割伤了手。while引导的时间状语从句，强调主句动作和从句动作同时进行，从句常用进行时态，根据“broke”，可知此处用过去进行时，结构为was/were + 现在分词，主语I是第一人称单数，所以用was washing。故填was washing 。 5．句意：对我来说单手端稳一个装满东西的盘子很难。“It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。 故填to hold。 6．句意：他的话对我帮助很大。 根据“were”可知主语要用复数形式，word表示“话语”时常用复数words。故填words。 7．句意：它们向我表明我做得越多，就会变得越好。根据“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，越……”，可知空格处填比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。 8．句意：从那天起，我变得更有耐心并且愿意尝试新事物。根据“Since that day”是现在完成时的标志，现在完成时的结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语I是第一人称单数，可知空格处用have become。故填have become。 9．句意：所以我可以从这次工作经历中学到很多。这里“this work experience”是一个具体的事物，表明“学到很多”的知识来源，所以用介词from ，清晰地表明是从工作经历这个途径或源头学到东西，考查learn... from...“从……中学到……”。故填from 。 10．句意：我在餐厅的时光将永远陪伴着我，并且在未来使我受益。根据空格前的with是介词，可知其后接人称代词宾格形式，所给词I的宾格是me。故填me。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$