专题09 语法填空(主谓一致）-2025年高二英语暑假作业（语法填空）

2025年高二暑假作业——语法填空提分亮点之主谓一致09 一. 主谓一致。主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 1. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：Watching TV too much is （be）bad for your health。（看电视太多对你的健康有害。） 2. 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。例如：To learn English very well is necessary./It is necessary to learn English very well.（学好英语是必要的。） 3. 主语从句作主语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。例如：What is well-known to us is that the Summer Palace is in China.（众所周知，颐和园在中国。） 4. 单数名词、不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单是形式。例如：The bad news is incredible.（坏消息令人难以置信。） 5. 主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，but，except，in addition to等短语时，谓语动词遵循就远原则，在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。例如：Mr. White，along with his friends，is playing football.（怀特先生和他的朋友们正在踢足球。） 6. 由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：Neither I nor he has visited the Great Wall.（我和他都没有去过长城。） 二. 由主语确定谓语 1. 直接由主语的数推出谓语的数：当主语是单数名词、不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；当主语是复数名词或表示复数的人称代词时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 【跟踪练习】 1. Great changes _____ (take) place here since 2000. 2. The man _____ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 3. His Selected Poems ______ (be) first published in 1965. 4. Look! Several girls ______ (lie) on the beach. 2. 特殊结构作主语 (1)“a part of 名词”类结构作主语：除a part of外， 还包括“a lot of , lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of等+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数需与of后面名词的数保持一致。 在近几年的高考中，主要考查了“(a) part of+名词”结构。 A part of the meat has already gone bad.(一部分肉已经变质了。) About one third of the books are worth reading.(大约三分之一的书籍值得一读。) (2)“the number of+名词”结构作主语： “the number of+名词”意为“…… 的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；而“a number of + 名词”意为“许多”， 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式。 The number of students from the north is small.(来自北方的学生人数较少。) A number of foreigners are working in China.(有许多外国人在中国工作。) (3)“one of +复数名词或代词”类结构作主语：除one of 外，还包括“each of, either of+复数名词或代词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： One of my friends _____(live) in London. (4) 动名词短语作主语：动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Giving up using the Net _____ (be) the best decision _____ I’ve ever made. (5)由连词and连接的结构作主语：两个单数可数名词或不可数名词用and连接，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数；两个单数可数名词用and连接，表示同一人、同一物、同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数。 Steam and ice _____ (be) different forms of water. The professor and writer _____ (be) speaking at the meeting. (6)主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式： What matters most is that he has come.(最重要的是，他已经来了。) Whether we will go for an outing depends on the weather.(我们是否去郊游取决于天气情况。) 温馨提示：What...need +be+ 表语，其中be动词要根据表语的单复数而确定。 What we need is knowledge.(我们所需要的是知识。) What we need are many books.(我们所需要的是大量的书籍。) 【跟踪练习】 1. There _____ (be) a lot of people in the classroom a moment ago. 2. In recent years, the majority of small businesses _____ (do) their banking online. 3. When I was in my university, a number of students _____ (be) from the south. 4. So far, the number of homeless people ______ (decrease). 5. One of my friends _____ (be) in hospital yesterday. 6. Each of the companies always _____ (support) a local charity. 7. Collecting stamps _____ (be) the old man’s only interest in his life. 8. Painting class _____ (give) me a good all day. 9. Ice cream and salad ______ (sell) here every summer. 10. Yesterday, the secretary and principal of the school _____ (be) present at the meeting. 三. 由谓语确定主语 高考考查主谓一致时，有时候给出谓语动词而给主语设空。一般情况下， 这个时候给出的谓语动词会是复数形式；如果给出的谓语动词是单数形式，则主语应为单数名词或不可数名词。 The roses are in flowers early this year.(今年的玫瑰花期来得比较早。) There were papers lying around all over the place.(到处都散落着一些纸张。) 【跟踪练习】 1. _____ (animal) protect their young. 2. The ______ (suggestion) have found favour with local people. 3. ______ (difficulty) arise when there is more than one defendant. 4. There were tiny _____ (piece) of glass all over the road. 5. There are qualitative _____ (difference) between the two products. 四. 高考真题体验 I. 由主语确定谓语 1. “The players’ personalities ___60___(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always  ___61___(try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.”(2025年新高考I卷) 2. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.(2024新课标I卷) 3. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.(2024新课标II卷) 4. They ______ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. (2024全国甲卷) 5. Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ______ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. (2023全国乙卷) 6. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _____ (be) previously unprotected. (2022新高考I卷) 7. Henry_____ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. (2022新高考II卷) 8. In the last five years, Cao _____ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. (2022全国甲卷) 9. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _____(be) Alaska Airlines Paris. (2021新高考II卷) 10. Only a small part of a museum’s collection ______ (be) on display. (2020新高考I卷) 11. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ______(carry) special significance. (2020全国卷II) II. 由谓语确定主语 1. Although they could never have met, there are common ______ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. (2024新课标II卷) 2. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _____(human) are. (2021新高考I卷) 3. ______(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodation aim to have a low impact on the natural environment. (2021全国乙卷) 五. 优秀模拟试题之语法填空精选 1 Five million people visit the Grand Canyon National Park every year. The first sight of the canyon can leave visitors speechless. ____1____ (depend) on the time of day，the sun lights up the rock walls in red，orange，and golden colors. The bright colors are the result of minerals in the rock. Their appearance changes ___2___ (endless)．At sunset，the canyon walls display red and gold hues. Then they take ___3___ softer colors of blue，purple，and green. Most visitors walk along paths part­way down the canyon. ___4___takes several hours to walk to the bottom，and even ___5___ (long) to climb up. Some visitors choose to ride mules(骡) to the bottom of the canyon. Mules are strong animals ___6___ look similar to horses. Visitors can explore the Grand Canyon in other ___7___ (way). Hundreds of thousands of people see the canyon by air each year. They pay a helicopter or ___8___ airplane pilot to fly them above and around the canyon. Visitors can also see the Grand Canyon from a huge glass walkway ___9___ (call) the Skywalk. The Hualapai Indians ___10___ (build) it to increase tourism at the reservation. 2 Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms ___1___ (make) of bamboo and the roofs of grass. There’s no electricity or water there. ___2___ took the students about two hours to get to the schoo1. It’s very difficult for newcomers to adapt to the ___3___ (1ive) conditions. Jo hoped ___4___ (make) some difference to the children’s lives by teaching them. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home with another teacher. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother ___5___ had been working in her garden, ___6___ (start) crying “ieee ieee”. Tombe’s father led them to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass ___7___ (stick) out of the roof, where he could only see one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. ___8___ they ate were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a ___9___ (new) made platform. They left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm ___10___ (handshake). It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family． 3 Post-00s (《零零后》) is a documentary(纪录片) about growing up. It shows the real lives of children who ___1__ born between 2000 and 2009. They struggle with schoolwork. ___2__ (face) with problems in relationships with others, they don't know what to do if a younger brother or sister is born into the family. But this five-episode series, which was aired on CCTV9 from Aug 20, is different ___3__ other TV programs with a similar theme. Post-00s ___4__(film) over a period of 10 years, during ___5__ time the show makers followed the growth of a group of kids from kindergarten to middle school. In other words, everything in the series is real. Such stories, which ___6___ (know) as "coming-of-age" stories, have a special ___7___ (attract). They feed our curiosity(好奇心) for seeing someone else's life. We become ___8___ (increase) interested in the characters as if we truly knew them. And while we enjoy the real stories, because nothing is set in advance, we also can't help ___9__ (feel) the cruelty(残酷) of reality. After all, there's no script(剧本) and there's no turning back—this is real life. As US writer Ernest Hemingway once wrote, "Any man's life, told truly, is a novel." And when it comes to Post-00s, it's also such a good documentary ___10__ is worth watching. 4 Peking Opera is a traditional opera __1__ a long history of over 200 years. It is developed from absorbing many other dramatic (戏剧的) forms, mostly from the local drama "Huiju", which is popular in South China during __2__ eighteenth century. In 1790, four famous troupes (剧团) from Anhui Province came to Beijing to perform for the emperor, ___3__ was interested in local operas. After that, a new type came into being ___4__ (gradual), known as Peking Opera. Peking Opera features four major ___5__ (role)—Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou. It's full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. The stories in it are very ____6__ (interest). Some of them are from history books, but most ___7__ (be) from famous novels. Peking Opera not only is popular in China, ____8__ also has spread to many other countries. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all times, was the first ___9___ (introduce) Peking Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours of foreign countries. Peking Opera is China's national opera and it is full of Chinese ___10___ (culture) traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Peking Opera. 5 Last week, an activity called "Traditional Chinese operas entering campus" was held in our school. In the morning, two artists, ___1___ acting skills were wonderful, came to our school. ___2__(reach) the room, they were given a warm welcome. After a casual chat, the artists ___3___ (invite) to the hall to give us ____4___ detailed introduction to traditional Chinese operas. With great expectations, we listened ___5___ (attentive) and learned that the facial masks of the roles tell the characteristics of them. The artists also showed us several classic ___6___ (example) of singing and acting. After the lecture, we couldn't wait ____7__ (start) the following training sessions. One artist showed us how to paint the facial mask on our face, and the other taught us the typical moves step ____8___ step. Under the patient guidance of the artists, we learned the basic skills and developed a strong interest. After several rehearsals (排练), we were ready to stage a scene of "Journey to the West". With ___9___ (excite) and nervousness, I played the Monkey King with the lady artist. To my great delight, our performance won the applause of my schoolmates. Through this activity, I found traditional Chinese operas ____10___ (appeal) and learned it must take long and hard training to become a good performer. I am expecting to make more audiences interested in traditional Chinese operas. 6 Tea culture is defined (定义) by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact (互动) with tea, ____1____ by the aesthetics (美学) of tea drinking. It includes tea production, tea brewing (冲, 沏), tea arts and ceremony, society, history, etc. Tea ceremony, with____2____ (it) roots in the Chinese tea culture, differs among eastern countries, However, it may also differ in preparation, such as in Tibet, ____3____ tea is commonly brewed with salt and butter. Different regions also like different ____4____ (variety) of tea — 9 black, or oolong, and use different flavourings (调味品) such as milk, sugar or herbs, ____5____ (satisfy) people’s tastes. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise vary ____6____ (wide). Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses ____7____ (find) in most Chinese neighbourhoods and business districts nowadays. Tea culture in China is different ____8____ that of Europe, Britain or Japan in such things as preparation methods, tasting methods and the occasions for which it is consumed. Even now, on both casual and formal Chinese occasions, tea is consumed regularly. In addition to ____9____ (be) a drink, Chinese tea is used in ____10____ (tradition) Chinese medicine and in Chinese cuisine. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高二暑假作业——语法填空提分亮点之主谓一致09 一. 主谓一致。主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致，意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致，就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 1. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：Watching TV too much is （be）bad for your health。（看电视太多对你的健康有害。） 2. 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。例如：To learn English very well is necessary./It is necessary to learn English very well.（学好英语是必要的。） 3. 主语从句作主语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。例如：What is well-known to us is that the Summer Palace is in China.（众所周知，颐和园在中国。） 4. 单数名词、不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单是形式。例如：The bad news is incredible.（坏消息令人难以置信。） 5. 主语后有with，along with，together with，as well as，rather than，but，except，in addition to等短语时，谓语动词遵循就远原则，在人称和数上要与前面的主语保持一致。例如：Mr. White，along with his friends，is playing football.（怀特先生和他的朋友们正在踢足球。） 6. 由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如：Neither I nor he has visited the Great Wall.（我和他都没有去过长城。） 二. 由主语确定谓语 1. 直接由主语的数推出谓语的数：当主语是单数名词、不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；当主语是复数名词或表示复数的人称代词时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 【跟踪练习】 1. Great changes _____ (take) place here since 2000. 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：自 2000 年以来，这里发生了巨大的变化。根据since 2000“自从2000以来”，可知句子用现在完成时，切句子主语是复数changes。故填have taken。 2. The man _____ (visit) a museum when the earthquake struck. 【解析】考查过去进行时。句意：当时那名男子正在参观一家博物馆，突然发生了地震。固定句型：was/were doing sth…when...“正在做某事，这时候……”。且句子主语是单数名词the man。故填was visiting。 3. His Selected Poems ______ (be) first published in 1965. 【解析】考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：他的《精选诗集》于 1965 年首次出版。根据时间状语in 1965可知，句子用一般过去时，再根据主语Selected Poems“精选诗集”，主语为单数形式。故填was。 4. Look! Several girls ______ (lie) on the beach. 【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：看！几个女孩正躺在海滩上。根据Look！可知，句子用现在进行时，再根据主语girls是复数形式。故填are lying。 【答案】have taken was visiting was are lying 2. 特殊结构作主语 (1)“a part of 名词”类结构作主语：除a part of外， 还包括“a lot of , lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of等+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数需与of后面名词的数保持一致。 在近几年的高考中，主要考查了“(a) part of+名词”结构。 A part of the meat has already gone bad.(一部分肉已经变质了。) About one third of the books are worth reading.(大约三分之一的书籍值得一读。) (2)“the number of+名词”结构作主语： “the number of+名词”意为“…… 的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；而“a number of + 名词”意为“许多”， 作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式。 The number of students from the north is small.(来自北方的学生人数较少。) A number of foreigners are working in China.(有许多外国人在中国工作。) (3)“one of +复数名词或代词”类结构作主语：除one of 外，还包括“each of, either of+复数名词或代词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： One of my friends _____(live) in London. 【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我的一个朋友住在伦敦。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，再根据主语One of my friends可知，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填lives。 【答案】lives (4) 动名词短语作主语：动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Giving up using the Net _____ (be) the best decision _____ I’ve ever made. 【解析】考查时态、主谓一致和定语从句。句意：放弃使用网络是我做出过的最明智的决定。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，动名词作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故第一空填is；第二空设空处引导限制性定语从句，decision为先行词，作从句宾语，但先行词被最高级best修饰，从句由that引导。故第二空填that。 【答案】is that (5)由连词and连接的结构作主语：两个单数可数名词或不可数名词用and连接，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数；两个单数可数名词用and连接，表示同一人、同一物、同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数。 Steam and ice _____ (be) different forms of water. 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：蒸汽和冰是水的不同形态。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且主语为Steam and ice，是两个不同的概念，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。 The professor and writer _____ (be) speaking at the meeting. 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这位教授兼作家正在会议上发言。主语为The professor and writer，是同一个人，谓语动词用单数第三人称。故填is。 【答案】are is (6)主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式： What matters most is that he has come.(最重要的是，他已经来了。) Whether we will go for an outing depends on the weather.(我们是否去郊游取决于天气情况。) 温馨提示：What...need +be+ 表语，其中be动词要根据表语的单复数而确定。 What we need is knowledge.(我们所需要的是知识。) What we need are many books.(我们所需要的是大量的书籍。) 【跟踪练习】 1. There _____ (be) a lot of people in the classroom a moment ago. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：刚才教室里有很多人。根据时间状语a moment ago可知，句子用一般过去时，该句是there be句型，句子主语是 people，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故填were。 2. In recent years, the majority of small businesses _____ (do) their banking online. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，大多数小型企业都通过网络进行银行业务操作了。根据In recent years可知，句子用现在完成时，再根据句子主语the majority of small businesses，可知，句子谓语动词用复数形式。故填have done。 3. When I was in my university, a number of students _____ (be) from the south. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在我上大学的时候，有很多学生来自南方。该句是含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，根据从句时态was可知，主句用一般过去时；再根据主句主语 a number of students“大量的学生”可知，主句谓语动词用复数形式。故填were。 4. So far, the number of homeless people ______ (decrease). 【解析】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，无家可归者的数量已经减少了。根据So far“到目前为止”可知，句子用现在完成时；句子主语the number of +名词复数，“……的数量”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has decreased。 5. One of my friends _____ (be) in hospital yesterday. 【解析】考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：我的一个朋友昨天住院了。根据yesterday可知，句子用一般过去时；再根据主语One of可知，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was。 6. Each of the companies always _____ (support) a local charity. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每家公司都会赞助一项当地的慈善活动。根据always可知，句子用一般现在时；再根据主语Each of可知，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填supports。 7. Collecting stamps _____ (be) the old man’s only interest in his life. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：集邮是这位老人一生中唯一的爱好。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时；动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 8. Painting class _____ (give) me a good all day. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：绘画课让我度过了一整天的愉快时光。这里在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时；动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填gives。 9. Ice cream and salad ______ (sell) here every summer. 【解析】考查语态和主谓一致。句意：每年夏天这里都会出售冰淇淋和沙拉。句子主语Ice cream and salad是复数概念，和谓语动词sell之间是被动关系；再根据时间状语every summer“每年夏天”可知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are told。 10. Yesterday, the secretary and principal of the school _____ (be) present at the meeting. 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：昨天，学校的秘书和校长都出席了这次会议。根据时间状语Yesterday可知，句子用一般过去时；再根据主语the secretary and principal of the school可知，这是同一个人，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was。 【答案】1—5 were have done were has decreased was 6—10 supports is gives are sold was 三. 由谓语确定主语 高考考查主谓一致时，有时候给出谓语动词而给主语设空。一般情况下， 这个时候给出的谓语动词会是复数形式；如果给出的谓语动词是单数形式，则主语应为单数名词或不可数名词。 The roses are in flowers early this year.(今年的玫瑰花期来得比较早。) There were papers lying around all over the place.(到处都散落着一些纸张。) 【跟踪练习】 1. _____ (animal) protect their young. 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：动物会保护它们的幼崽。谓语动词是原形protect，所以主语是名词复数，且位于句首，大写开头。故填Animals。 2. The ______ (suggestion) have found favour with local people. 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：这些建议受到了当地民众的欢迎。谓语动词是have found，所以主语是名词复数。故填suggestions。 3. ______ (difficulty) arise when there is more than one defendant. 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：当存在多个被告时，就会出现各种问题。主句的谓语动词是原形 arise，所以主语是名词复数，且位于句首大写开头。故填Difficulties。 4. There were tiny _____ (piece) of glass all over the road. 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：路上到处都是碎玻璃片。该句是there be句型，谓语动词是were，复数形式，所以主语也应是名词复数。故填pieces。 5. There are qualitative _____ (difference) between the two products. 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：这两款产品在质量上有明显的差异。该句是there be句型，谓语动词是are，复数形式，所以主语也应是名词复数。故填differences。 【答案】Animals suggestions Difficulties pieces differences 四. 高考真题体验 I. 由主语确定谓语 1. “The players’ personalities ___60___(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always  ___61___(try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.”(2025年新高考I卷) 【解析】 60.考查动词时态语态。句意：球员的个性在比赛中显露出来，一个人的弱点暴露给对手。主语 personalities与reveal构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语复数故填are revealed。 61.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一个体面的胜利者总是试图以不超过一两分的优势击败对手，以示对对方的尊重。主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填tries。 2. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.(2024新课标I卷) 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 3. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.(2024新课标II卷) 【解析】 40. 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 41.考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 4. They ______ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. (2024全国甲卷) 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们是一个15人探险队的一部分，在那里见证了自然美景，度过了将近五个令人敬畏的星期。根据 that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.“花了将近五个星期的时间在那里见证了自然美景，”可知，句子是一般过去时，主语是they，所以be动词要用were。故填were。 5. Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ______ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. (2023全国乙卷) 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在过去十年里，我多次造访这座城市。令我惊叹的是，这里既有古老建筑，又有现代建筑并存，而且这座城市能够保留如此丰富的文化遗产，同时还能持续发展。原句中的时间状语“Having visited several times over the last 10 years”（分词完成式结构）表明“访问”的时间跨度为过去到现在的十年，但主句需进一步确定时态。分词短语后通常主句时态需与句意匹配，此处主句表示对过去经历的总结性感受，重点在于过程中的体验。 后文“how a city was able to keep...”（城市过去如何保持遗产）的“was able”为过去式，暗示整句的叙述侧重过去的情况。因此，主句应使用一般过去时。动词“amaze”为及物动词，需用被动语态“be amazed by...”，且主语为“I”。故填“was amazed”。 6. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _____ (be) previously unprotected. (2022新高考I卷) 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 7. Henry_____ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. (2022新高考II卷) 【解析】考查谓语动词。本句句意为：亨利正在修车这时听到尖叫声。根据句意可知本句表达的是听到尖叫时亨利当时正在做的事情，本句中含有句型be doing... when正在做某事这时突然...，因此应填was fixing。 8. In the last five years, Cao _____ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. (2022全国甲卷) 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在过去五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。 9. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _____(be) Alaska Airlines Paris. (2021新高考II卷) 【解析】考谓查时态和主一致。句意:我写信给的最大的公司之一是阿拉斯加州航空公司巴黎分公司。根据句中wrote可知,句子使用一般过去时,分析句子结构,One of the biggest companies是句子主语,“one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构作主语谓语时,动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填was。 10. Only a small part of a museum’s collection ______ (be) on display. (2020新高考I卷) 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:通常,博物馆的收藏只有一小部分展出。“a part of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数通常与of后名词的数保持一致,本句中a small part of后的名词为a museum’s collection,collection此处为不可数名词,所以be动词应用is。故填is。 11. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ______(carry) special significance. (2020全国卷II) 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这就是用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具备重要意义的原因。分析句子结构可知,why引导一个表语从句,主句是一般现在时,从句也应使用一般现在时,空处是从句的谓语,主语是动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填carries。 【答案】1—5 are revealed tries walks was built were was amazed 6—11 were was fixing has walked was is carries II. 由谓语确定主语 1. Although they could never have met, there are common ______ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. (2024新课标II卷) 【解析】考查名词复数。句意:莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说,尽管他们从未见过面,但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型,为倒装句,根据谓语动词“are”可判断,本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 2. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _____(human) are. (2021新高考I卷) 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：一旦你到达山顶，你所看到的滚滚云海将提示你我们人类是多么渺小。表示“人类”，常用复数名词humans，此处作we的同位语。故填humans。 3. ______(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodation aim to have a low impact on the natural environment. (2021全国乙卷) 【解析】考查名词的数。句意为“那里的活动从观鲸到远足不等，住宿旨在对自然环境产生低影响。” 句中缺少主语，谓语动词“range”为原形，表明主语应是复数概念。“activity”为可数名词，其复数形式为“activities”，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Activities。 【答案】themes humans Activities 五. 优秀模拟试题之语法填空精选 1 Five million people visit the Grand Canyon National Park every year. The first sight of the canyon can leave visitors speechless. ____1____ (depend) on the time of day，the sun lights up the rock walls in red，orange，and golden colors. The bright colors are the result of minerals in the rock. Their appearance changes ___2___ (endless)．At sunset，the canyon walls display red and gold hues. Then they take ___3___ softer colors of blue，purple，and green. Most visitors walk along paths part­way down the canyon. ___4___takes several hours to walk to the bottom，and even ___5___ (long) to climb up. Some visitors choose to ride mules(骡) to the bottom of the canyon. Mules are strong animals ___6___ look similar to horses. Visitors can explore the Grand Canyon in other ___7___ (way). Hundreds of thousands of people see the canyon by air each year. They pay a helicopter or ___8___ airplane pilot to fly them above and around the canyon. Visitors can also see the Grand Canyon from a huge glass walkway ___9___ (call) the Skywalk. The Hualapai Indians ___10___ (build) it to increase tourism at the reservation. 【答案】 1. Depending 2. endlessly 3.on 4. It 5. longer 6. that/which 7. ways 8. an 9. called 10. built 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。每年有五百万人参观大峡谷国家公园。文章介绍了大峡谷国家公园以及作者在这里旅游的经历。 1. 考查现在分词作状语。句意：根据一天中不同的时间，太阳将岩壁照成红色、橙色和金色。句子主语the sun和depend之间是主动关系，是现在分词作状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填Depending。 2. 考查副词修饰动词。句意：它们的外观变化无穷。句中changes是动词，由副词修饰，所给词endless是形容词，其副词是endlessly。故填endlessly。 3. 考查介词。句意：然后他们会呈现蓝色、紫色和绿色等柔和的颜色。动词短语：take on的意思是“呈现，具有”符合句意。故填on。 4. 考查it作形式主语。句意：走到底部需要几个小时，爬上去则需要更长的时间。固定句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 5. 考查比较级。句意：走到底部需要几个小时，爬上去则需要更长的时间。副词even修饰形容词比较级，在结合句意。故填longer。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：骡子是长得像马的强壮动物。设空处引导定语从句，此处animals是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：游客可以用其他方式探索大峡谷。way为可数名词，且有other修饰，other后面用名词复数。故填ways。 8. 考查不定冠词an。句意：他们付钱给直升机或飞行员，让他们在峡谷上空或周围飞行。根据空前a helicopter or可知这里用不定冠词，再根据airplane是以元音音素开头的词，前面用an表示“一”。故填an。 9. 考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：游客也可以从一个巨大的玻璃栈道上看到大峡谷。此处walkway和动词call之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填called。 10. 考查一般过去时。句意：瓦拉派印第安人建造它是为了增加居留地的旅游业。这里在描述过去发生的一件事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故填built。 2 Jo worked at a bush school whose classrooms ___1___ (make) of bamboo and the roofs of grass. There’s no electricity or water there. ___2___ took the students about two hours to get to the schoo1. It’s very difficult for newcomers to adapt to the ___3___ (1ive) conditions. Jo hoped ___4___ (make) some difference to the children’s lives by teaching them. The other day, Jo visited Tombe’s home with another teacher. When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother ___5___ had been working in her garden, ___6___ (start) crying “ieee ieee”. Tombe’s father led them to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass ___7___ (stick) out of the roof, where he could only see one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars. ___8___ they ate were sweet potatoes, corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a ___9___ (new) made platform. They left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm ___10___ (handshake). It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family． 【答案】1. were made 2. It 3. living 4. to make 5. who/that 6. started 7. sticking 8. What 9. newly 10. handshakes 【解析】 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Jo在一所条件很差的学校教学，他希望通过教学生一些知识来让孩子的生活有所变化．有一天，他带着Jenny去Tombe的家里去了，发现Tombe的家里很穷． 1. 考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：乔在一所布什学校工作,他们的教室是用竹子和草地的屋顶做的。whose引导的定语从句的主语whose classrooms是复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，再根据主句谓语动词worked，可知，设空处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were made。 2. 考查it的用法。句意：学生们花了两个小时才到达学校。固定句型：It takes/took sb．some time to do sth．意为“做某事花费了某人多长时间”，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，位于句首大写开头。故填It。 3. 考查形容词。句意：新来的人很难适应这里的生活条件。此处用形容词living“居住的”作定语修饰名词conditions。故填living。 4. 考查动词不定式作宾语。句意：琼希望通过教育孩子们来改变他们的生活。动词hope后面用动词不定式作宾语。故填to make。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：当他们到达村子时，一直在花园里干活的汤姆的母亲开始哭了起来。设空处引导定语从句，Tombe’s mother指人，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 6. 考查一般过去时态。句意：当他们到达村子时，一直在花园里干活的汤姆的母亲开始哭了起来。该句是复合句，when引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时态，主句也在描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态。故填started。 7. 考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：汤姆的父亲把他们带到他的房子，那是一间低矮的竹屋，屋顶上长满了草，他只能看到一把扫帚，几个锡盘子和杯子，还有几个罐子。此处是with的复合结构，grass和stick out of之间是主动关系，是现在分词作宾语补足语。故填sticking。 8. 考查主语从句的用法。句意：他们吃的是红薯、玉米和蔬菜。设空处引导主语从句，引导词要引导主语从句，同时作从句谓语动词ate的宾语，且位于句首大写。故填What。 9. 考查副词的用法。句意：那天晚上，琼和珍妮睡在一个新做的月台上。此处用副词修饰动词made，new的副词是newly。故填newly。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：经过多次道别和坚定的握手，他们第二天早上离开了村庄。根据前面的many可知，此处填名词复数与goodbyes并列。故填handshakes。 3 Post-00s (《零零后》) is a documentary(纪录片) about growing up. It shows the real lives of children who ___1__ born between 2000 and 2009. They struggle with schoolwork. ___2__ (face) with problems in relationships with others, they don't know what to do if a younger brother or sister is born into the family. But this five-episode series, which was aired on CCTV9 from Aug 20, is different ___3__ other TV programs with a similar theme. Post-00s ___4__(film) over a period of 10 years, during ___5__ time the show makers followed the growth of a group of kids from kindergarten to middle school. In other words, everything in the series is real. Such stories, which ___6___ (know) as "coming-of-age" stories, have a special ___7___ (attract). They feed our curiosity(好奇心) for seeing someone else's life. We become ___8___ (increase) interested in the characters as if we truly knew them. And while we enjoy the real stories, because nothing is set in advance, we also can't help ___9__ (feel) the cruelty(残酷) of reality. After all, there's no script(剧本) and there's no turning back—this is real life. As US writer Ernest Hemingway once wrote, "Any man's life, told truly, is a novel." And when it comes to Post-00s, it's also such a good documentary ___10__ is worth watching. 【答案】1.were 2. Faced 3. from 4. was filmed 5. which 6. are known 7. attraction 8.increasingly 9. feeling 10. As 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇电影纪录片评论。《零零后》是一部关于成长的纪录片。它展示了2000年到2009年出生的孩子的真实生活。 考查一般过去时态和主谓一致。句意：它展示了2000年至2009年间出生的孩子们的真实生活。根据born between 2000 and 2009可知，句子用一般过去时，children是先行词，复数形式，在定语从句中作主语。故填were。 考查过去分词作状语。句意：面对与他人关系中的问题，他们不知道家里会生什么弟弟或妹妹。固定短语：be faced with“面对着……”；设空处是非谓语动词，是过去分词作状语，且首字母大写。故填Faced。 考查介词。句意：但这部自8月20日起在中央电视台9台播出的五集电视剧与其他类似主题的电视节目不同。固定短语：be different from“与……不同”。故填from。 考查一般过去时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：《00后》的拍摄历时10年，在这段时间里，制作方跟随一群孩子从幼儿园到中学的成长历程。根据over a period of 10 years可知，设空处描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语Post-00s 是单数形式，和谓语动词film之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。故填was filmed。 考查定语从句。句意：《00后》的拍摄历时10年，在这段时间里，制作方跟随一群孩子从幼儿园到中学的成长历程。设空处引导定语从句，a period of 10 years是先行词，指物，介词during后面用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这些故事被称为“成长故事”，具有特殊的吸引力。固定短语：be known as“作为……而闻名”；此处stories是先行词，复数形式，在定语从句中作主语，和谓语动词know构成被动关系，且在描述一个客观事实。故填are known。 考查词性转换。句意：这些故事被称为“成长故事”，具有特殊的吸引力。根据空前的a special可知，此处用名词单数形式，attract的名词形式是attraction。故填attraction。 考查副词。句意：我们对角色越来越感兴趣，就好像我们真的了解他们一样。副词修饰过去分词interested，increase的副词形式是increasingly。故填increasingly。 考查固定搭配。句意：当我们享受真实的故事，因为没有什么是预先设定的，我们也不禁感受到现实的残酷。固定搭配：can’t help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。故填feeling。 考查as引导的定语从句。句意：说到00后，这也是一部值得一看的好纪录片。设空处引导定语从句，documentary是先行词，在从句中作主语，再根据前面的such可知，此处是as引导的定语从句。故填as。 4 Peking Opera is a traditional opera __1__ a long history of over 200 years. It is developed from absorbing many other dramatic (戏剧的) forms, mostly from the local drama "Huiju", which is popular in South China during __2__ eighteenth century. In 1790, four famous troupes (剧团) from Anhui Province came to Beijing to perform for the emperor, ___3__ was interested in local operas. After that, a new type came into being ___4__ (gradual), known as Peking Opera. Peking Opera features four major ___5__ (role)—Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou. It's full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. The stories in it are very ____6__ (interest). Some of them are from history books, but most ___7__ (be) from famous novels. Peking Opera not only is popular in China, ____8__ also has spread to many other countries. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers (表演者) of all times, was the first ___9___ (introduce) Peking Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours of foreign countries. Peking Opera is China's national opera and it is full of Chinese ___10___ (culture) traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Peking Opera. 【答案】1.with 2.the 3.who 4. gradually 5.roles 6. interesting 7.are 8.but 9. to introduce 10. cultural 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述京剧的历史、主要特点、对世界的影响和发展过程。 1．考查介词。句意：京剧是一种有着200多年悠久历史的传统戏剧。表示“具有”，所以用介词with。故填with。 2．考查冠词。句意：它是在吸收了许多其他戏剧形式的基础上发展起来的，主要来自18世纪流行于中国南方的地方戏剧“徽剧”。序数词前面用定冠词，表示“第几”。故填the。 3．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：1790年，来自安徽的四个著名剧团来到北京为皇帝表演，皇帝对地方戏剧很感兴趣。the emperor是先行词，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由who引导。故填who。 4．考查副词。句意：在那之后，一个新的类型逐渐形成，被称为京剧。came into being是动词短语，由副词修饰。故填gradually。 5．考查名词的数。句意：京剧有四个主要角色：生、旦、静、丑。前面有数字four，所以用复数名词。故填roles。 6．考查形容词。句意：里面的故事很有趣。作表语，所以用形容词，故填interesting。 7．考查主谓一致。句意：其中一些来自历史书，但大多数来自著名小说。主语most指most books，所以用are作谓语。故填are。 8．考查连词。句意：京剧不仅在中国流行，而且已经传播到许多其他国家。固定结构：not only…but also…“不但……而且”。故填but。 9．考查不定式。句意：梅兰芳是有史以来最著名的演员之一，她是第一个将京剧介绍给外国人的人，并在国外进行了非常成功的巡回演出。the first后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to introduce。 10．考查形容词。句意：京剧是中国的国剧，它充满了中国的文化传统。traditions是名词，由形容词修饰，作定语。故填cultural。 5 Last week, an activity called "Traditional Chinese operas entering campus" was held in our school. In the morning, two artists, ___1___ acting skills were wonderful, came to our school. ___2__(reach) the room, they were given a warm welcome. After a casual chat, the artists ___3___ (invite) to the hall to give us ____4___ detailed introduction to traditional Chinese operas. With great expectations, we listened ___5___ (attentive) and learned that the facial masks of the roles tell the characteristics of them. The artists also showed us several classic ___6___ (example) of singing and acting. After the lecture, we couldn't wait ____7__ (start) the following training sessions. One artist showed us how to paint the facial mask on our face, and the other taught us the typical moves step ____8___ step. Under the patient guidance of the artists, we learned the basic skills and developed a strong interest. After several rehearsals (排练), we were ready to stage a scene of "Journey to the West". With ___9___ (excite) and nervousness, I played the Monkey King with the lady artist. To my great delight, our performance won the applause of my schoolmates. Through this activity, I found traditional Chinese operas ____10___ (appeal) and learned it must take long and hard training to become a good performer. I am expecting to make more audiences interested in traditional Chinese operas. 【答案】1.whose 2. Reaching 3. were invited 4.a 5. attentively 6. examples 7. to start 8.by 9. excitement 10. appealing 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：早上，两位演技精湛的艺术家来到了我们学校。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词two artists，且在从句中作定语。故填whose。 考查非谓语动词。句意：到达房间后，他们受到了热烈的欢迎。设空处在句中作状语，且reach与句子主语they之间是主动关系，是现在分词作状语，位于句首用大写。故填Reaching。 考查一般过去时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在闲谈之后，艺术家们被邀请到大厅给我们详细介绍了中国传统戏剧。这里在描述过去发生的事，且句子主语the artists是复数形式，和谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。故填were invited 考查冠词。句意：在闲谈之后，艺术家们被邀请到大厅给我们详细介绍了中国传统戏剧。句中introduction是可数名词，单数形式，此处表示“一个详细的介绍”，且detailed是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。 考查副词。句意：我们怀着极大的期待，认真地听着，了解到角色的面部表情告诉了他们的特点。空格前listened是动词，由副词修饰，attentive的副词是attentively。故填attentively。 考查名词复数。句意：艺术家们还向我们展示了几个经典的唱歌和表演的例子。形容词classic修饰名词，several修饰名词复数。故填examples。 考查非谓语动词。句意：讲座结束后，我们迫不及待地开始了接下来的培训课程。固定搭配：couldn't wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，其中动词不定式作目的状语。故填to start。 考查介词。句意：一位艺术家向我们展示了如何在脸上画面膜，另一位则一步一步地教我们典型的动作。固定短语：step by step“一步一步地”。故填by。 考查词性转换。句意：带着兴奋和紧张，我和女艺人玩起了孙悟空。此处介词with后面用名词与nervousness并列，excite的名词是excitement。故填excitement。 考查形容词作宾语补足语。句意：通过这次活动，我发现了中国传统戏剧的吸引力，并了解到要成为一名优秀的表演者必须经过长期而艰苦的训练。动词find+宾语+宾语补足语，此处用形容词作宾语补足语，appeal的形容词是appealing，意为“有吸引力的”。故填appealing。 6 Tea culture is defined (定义) by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact (互动) with tea, ____1____ by the aesthetics (美学) of tea drinking. It includes tea production, tea brewing (冲, 沏), tea arts and ceremony, society, history, etc. Tea ceremony, with____2____ (it) roots in the Chinese tea culture, differs among eastern countries, However, it may also differ in preparation, such as in Tibet, ____3____ tea is commonly brewed with salt and butter. Different regions also like different ____4____ (variety) of tea — 9 black, or oolong, and use different flavourings (调味品) such as milk, sugar or herbs, ____5____ (satisfy) people’s tastes. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise vary ____6____ (wide). Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses ____7____ (find) in most Chinese neighbourhoods and business districts nowadays. Tea culture in China is different ____8____ that of Europe, Britain or Japan in such things as preparation methods, tasting methods and the occasions for which it is consumed. Even now, on both casual and formal Chinese occasions, tea is consumed regularly. In addition to ____9____ (be) a drink, Chinese tea is used in ____10____ (tradition) Chinese medicine and in Chinese cuisine. 【答案】1. and 2. its 3. where 4. varieties 5. to satisfy 6. wide 7. are found 8. from 9. being 10. traditional 考查并列连词。句意：茶文化的定义包括茶的制作和消费方式，人们与茶的互动方式，以及饮茶的审美。根据by the aesthetics...与前两个by the way是并列关系，因此要用表示并列的连词。故填and。 2. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：茶道起源于中国的茶文化，在东方国家是不同的。在名词roots前作定语修饰名词，要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 3. 考查非限定性定语从句关系副词。句意：然而，在准备方面也可能有所不同，例如在西藏，茶通常是用盐和黄油冲泡的。此处是where引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少状语，先行词为Tibet，因此关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：不同的地区也喜欢不同种类的茶——红茶或乌龙茶，并使用不同的调味品，如牛奶、糖或香草，以满足人们的口味。根据句意“不同的地区也喜欢不同种类的茶”和破折号后的列举可知“种类”不止一种，且有形容词different修饰，因此可数名词variety要用复数。故填varieties。 5. 考查动词不定式。句意：不同的地区也喜欢不同种类的茶——红茶或乌龙茶，并使用不同的调味品，如牛奶、糖或香草，以满足人们的口味。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表目的。故填to satisfy。 6. 考查副词。句意：茶的温度和强度也有很大的不同。此处要用副词修饰动词vary。故填widely。 7. 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：由于茶在中国社会和文化中的重要性，现在大多数中国居民区和商业区都有茶馆。分析句子结构可知，此处主语tea houses与谓语动词find之间是被动关系，客观事实要用一般现在时。故填are found。 8. 考查介词。句意：中国的茶文化与欧洲、英国、日本的茶文化在制作方法、品尝方法、消费场合等方面都有所不同。短语differ from“与……不同”是固定搭配。故填from。 9. 考查动名词作宾语。句意：除了作为一种饮料，中国茶还被用于中药和中国菜中。根据短语in addition to“除了……”，to是介词，可知其后接动词时应用动名词形式。故填being。 10. 考查形容词。句意：除了作为一种饮料，中国茶还被用于中药和中国菜中。此处是做定语修饰名词Chinese medicine，因此要用形容词。故填traditional。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$