限时规范练(五) 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（Word练习）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（云南专版）

限时规范练(五)　UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·安徽黄山质量检测)July was the hottest month on record globally.High temperatures and serious wildfires have swept across the Northern Hemisphere.Oceanic heat waves are damaging the world's third­largest coral reef off Florida.And as the levels of greenhouse gases continue to increase，it means many even hotter summers lie ahead. The United Nations Secretary­General Antnio Guterres coined a new term.The time of “global warming” has ended，he announced，and the time of “global boiling” has arrived. But critics have strongly disagreed with the phrase.At one level，“global boiling” is clearly an overstatement，but “global warming” is now far too weak a description.Many climate scientists have pushed for the term “global heating” to be used in preference.Similarly，phrases such as “climate crisis” haven't received enough attention.That's because many of us still feel we haven't seen this crisis with our own eyes. But that is changing.In the past few years，extreme weather and relevant events have struck many countries.Australia's Black Summer brought wildfires that burned an area the size of the United Kingdom.Germany suffered serious flooding in 2021.The 2022 flood in Pakistan flooded large parts of the country.China has seen both droughts and floods.Terrible droughts have hit the Horn of Africa for many years.India has stopped rice exports due to damage from heavy rain. Critics of climate action often complain about what they see as the overuse of “crisis talk”．If everything is a crisis，nothing is a crisis. When Guterres uses deeply impactful phrases，he's not inviting us to imagine a Hollywood­style disaster.What he's hoping is to make people listen and act—now we can see what climate change looks like. Are there better phrases to describe this? Possibly.Take the challenge yourself: Can you think up a brief，correct phrase to cover worsening local­ and regional­scale droughts，fires，typhoons and floods; damage to crops and food safety; water shortages; existential threats to coral reefs and low­lying communities? You can see how hard it is. 1．What does the underlined word “coined” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Explained. B．Invented. C．Valued. D．Accepted. 2．What do critics think of the term “global boiling”？ A．It is overused. B．It is exaggerated. C．It is lacking in enough attention. D．It is too weak to describe the problem. 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Climate crises are worsening. B．Several crises will be solved. C．People will face food shortages. D．People are taking effective measures. 4．What is Guterres' purpose in using deeply impactful phrases? A．To scare people into taking immediate action. B．To entertain readers with Hollywood­style stories. C．To provide a more accurate description of global warming. D．To make people aware of the severity of the climate crisis. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着气候恶化，“全球沸腾”的时代到来了。 1．B　[解析]词义猜测题。由文章第二段“The United Nations Secretary­General António Guterres coined a new term.The time of ‘global warming’ has ended，he announced，and the time of ‘global boiling’ has arrived.”可知，这里应指António Guterres“创造”出一个新术语。故选B。 2．B　[解析]细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“But critics have strongly disagreed with the phrase.At one level，‘global boiling’ is clearly an overstatement”可知，批评者认为用“全球沸腾”一词把实际情况夸大了。故选B。 3．A　[解析]推理判断题。由文章第四段中的“But that is changing.In the past few years，extreme weather and relevant events have struck many countries.”以及第四段中列举的许多国家经历的自然灾害可知，气候危机正在恶化。故选A。 4．D　[解析]细节理解题。由文章第六段中的“What he's hoping is to make people listen and act—now we can see what climate change looks like.”可知，Guterres希望通过使用极具影响力的短语，让人们意识到气候危机的严重性。故选D。 B (2025·河南高三调研)The earth set unofficial record high temperatures last week.Scientists said they were a clear sign of how pollutants released by humans are warming the environment.“Heat sets the pace of our climate in so many ways ...it's never just the heat，” said Kim Cobb，a climate scientist at Brown University. Ocean warming，wildfire smoke and early arrived El Niño that much of North America experienced this summer are other signs of climate troubles.Other recent natural events also show that climate change has entered new territory. Most of the planet is covered by oceans，which have taken in 90 percent of the recent warming caused by planet­warming gases.In April，worldwide ocean temperature rose to 21.1 ℃，which scientists believe was caused by a combination of planet­warming gases and the early El Niño formation.El Niño is a period of warming Pacific Ocean waters.Newly published data documented exceptionally warm ocean temperatures in the North Atlantic and also extreme sea heat waves near Ireland，Britain，and in the Baltic Sea. High levels of wildfire smoke were more common on the US West Coast recently.Several rounds of smoke from wildfires in northern Canada brought dangerous air quality levels to eastern North America.Scientists say that climate change will make wildfires and smoke more intense and that the East Coast will see more of it. The current El Niño formed a month or two earlier than usual.It replaced La Niña that，with its cooling of Pacific waters，kept worldwide temperatures down.That means that it will have more time than usual to strengthen.It is predicted that there is a 98 percent chance that at least one of the next five years will be the warmest on record.One of these years would beat temperatures from 2016 when an exceptionally strong El Niño was present. 5．What did Kim Cobb want to say in the first paragraph? A．Cold wave might arrive soon. B．The heat may come to an end. C．The earth would suffer more. D．It's easy to forecast the weather. 6．Which of the following saw more frequent wildfire smoke recently? A．Ireland. B．Britain. C．The South Atlantic. D．The US West Coast. 7．What will most likely happen in five years according to the text? A．More earthquakes. B．Fewer accidents. C．Record heat. D．Extreme cold. 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Weather patterns. B．Climate troubles. C．Polluted waters. D．Green practices. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球气温屡创新高，一系列自然灾害接踵而至的问题。 5．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists said they were a clear sign of how pollutants released by humans are warming the environment.‘Heat sets the pace of our climate in so many ways ...it's never just the heat，’ said Kim Cobb ...”和第二段中的“Ocean warming，wildfire smoke and early arrived El Niño that much of North America experienced this summer are other signs of climate troubles.”可推断，Kim Cobb意在说明由于气候变暖，地球将遭受更多的自然灾害。故选C。 6．D　[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段中的“High levels of wildfire smoke were more common on the US West Coast recently.”可知，美国西海岸最近更频繁地出现了野火烟雾。故选D。 7．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It is predicted that there is a 98 percent chance that at least one of the next five years will be the warmest on record.”可知，今后五年内，人们极有可能经历创纪录的高温天气。故选C。 8．B　[解析]主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和第二段的内容可知，本文主要介绍全球气温屡创新高，一系列自然灾害接踵而至的问题，因此B选项“Climate troubles.(气候问题。)”符合文章主旨。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Nicholas Bostic works as a pizza maker.He was on his way to get gas one night when he saw __1__ leaping from a house.He turned his car around and pulled into the driveway.Then he __2__ he'd left his phone at home and couldn't dial 911. He ran to the back of the house，found an unlocked door，and __3__ inside.All he saw was smoke.He __4__，“Anybody here？Get out！Fire！” Not hearing a response，he was about to __5__．Then he saw a teenager at the top of the stairs with some younger kids.Seionna Barrett，18，was babysitting her four brothers and sisters while their __6__ were out.Bostic pushed everyone outside—then Seionna told him a baby was __7__． Nicholas ran inside but he couldn't find her.When he got to the stairs that led downstairs，he heard some slight __8__．The staircase was full of __9__，and the heat seemed unbearable，so he __10__ for a moment before plunging(猛冲) down the stairs.He held his breath and followed the crying in the __11__ until he reached the baby and quickly lifted her up.He broke open a window with his right fist，__12__ wrapped the girl around his left side and leaped two stories to the ground，__13__ on his right side，sparing the girl from the force of his fall. Bostic had saved five __14__ in under 15 minutes.There's only one way to define his action：__15__ and heroic. 1．A.rays B．gases C．flames D．powders 2．A.denied B．realized C．explained D．promised 3．A.rushed B．marched C．drove D．flew 4．A.replied B．scolded C．shouted D．whispered 5．A.rest B．escape C．report D．leave 6．A.parents B．partners C．friends D．neighbours 7．A.injured B．awake C．missing D．anxious 8．A.crying B．singing C．argument D．conversation 9．A.air B．fog C．dust D．smoke 10．A.smelled B．hesitated C．practised D．screamed 11．A.darkness B．shade C．peace D．light 12．A.simply B．tightly C．poorly D．beautifully 13．A.moving B．rolling C．landing D．attacking 14．A.items B．lives C．games D．animals 15．A.creative B．aggressive C．ambitious D．courageous 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nicholas Bostic进入着火的房子里救出五个孩子的故事。 1．C　[解析]句意：一天晚上，他在去加油的路上，这时候他看到火焰从一所房子中升起。ray“光线”；gas“气”；flame“火焰”；powder“粉末”。根据下文“Fire！”可知，房子着火了，他看到火焰从房子里升起。故选C。 2．B　[解析]句意：然后他意识到他把手机忘在家里了，无法拨打911。deny“否认”；realize“意识到”；explain“解释”；promise“许诺”。根据下文he'd left his phone at home and couldn't dial 911可知，他意识到他把手机落在家里了。故选B。 3．A　[解析]句意：他跑到房子后面，发现一扇门没锁，就冲了进去。rush“冲”；march“前进”；drive“开车”；fly“飞”。根据下文“Anybody here？Get out！Fire！”可知，他冲进了着火的房子。故选A。 4．C　[解析]句意：“有人在这里吗？快出去！着火了！”他喊道。reply“回答”；scold“训斥”；shout“呼喊”；whisper“低语”。根据下文“Not hearing a response ...”可知，他在呼喊以让人听到。故选C。 5．D　[解析]句意：他没有听到任何回应，他打算离开。rest“休息”；escape“逃跑”；report“报告”；leave“离开”。根据上文“Not hearing a response ...”可知，由于没有听到回应，他想要离开。故选D。 6．A　[解析]句意：18岁的Seionna Barrett在他们的父母外出时照看四个弟弟妹妹。parents“父母”；partner“伙伴”；friend“朋友”；neighbour“邻居”。根据上文“Seionna Barrett，18，was babysitting her four brothers and sisters ...”可知，父母不在的时候，Seionna Barrett照看弟弟妹妹。故选A。 7．C　[解析]句意：Bostic帮助每个人出去，但后来Seionna告诉他有一个婴儿不见了。injured“受伤的”；awake“醒着的”；missing“失踪的”；anxious“焦虑的”。根据下文he reached the baby and quickly lifted her up可知，他在房子里找孩子，由此推知是一个婴儿不见了。故选C。 8．A　[解析]句意：当他走到通往楼下的楼梯时，他听到了微弱的哭声。crying“哭泣声”；singing“唱歌”；argument“争论”；conversation“谈话”。根据下文“He held his breath and followed the crying in the __11__ until he reached the baby and quickly lifted her up.”可知，作者是听到了婴儿的哭声。故选A。 9．D　[解析]句意：楼梯上浓烟滚滚，而且高温似乎让人难以忍受，所以他犹豫了一会儿才冲下楼梯。air“空气”；fog“雾”；dust“灰尘”；smoke“烟”。根据下文and the heat seemed unbearable可知，楼梯上浓烟滚滚。故选D。 10．B　[解析]句意见上题解析。smell“闻起来”；hesitate“犹豫”；practise“练习”；scream“尖叫”。根据上文“The staircase was full of __9__，and the heat seemed unbearable ...”可知，楼梯上浓烟滚滚，而且高温似乎让人难以忍受，所以他犹豫了一会儿才冲下楼梯。故选B。 11．A　[解析]句意：在黑暗中，他屏住呼吸，循着哭声，直到他走到婴儿身边，然后迅速把她抱了起来。darkness“黑暗”；shade“阴凉处”；peace“和平”；light“光”。根据上文to get gas one night和“The staircase was full of __9__”可知，时间是晚上，并且楼梯上都是烟，因此应该是一片黑暗。故选A。 12．B　[解析]句意：他用右拳打破了一扇窗户，把女孩紧紧地抱在身体左侧，然后从两层楼高的地方跳了下来，身体右侧着地，女孩没有受到他摔倒的冲击力(的伤害)。simply“仅仅”；tightly“紧紧地”；poorly“糟糕地”；beautifully“美丽地，出色地”。根据下文“...leaped two stories to the ground，__13__ on his right side，sparing the girl from the force of his fall.”可知，他打算右侧着地，因此把女孩紧紧地抱在左侧。故选B。 13．C　[解析]句意见上题解析。move“移动”；roll“翻转”；land“落地”；attack“攻击”。根据上文wrapped the girl around his left side and leaped two stories to the ground和下文sparing the girl from the force of his fall可知，他左侧抱着孩子，右侧落地，女孩没有受伤。故选C。 14．B　[解析]句意：Bostic在15分钟内救了五条人命。item“东西”；life“生命，性命”；game“游戏”；animal“动物”。根据上文的讲述和saved可推断，Bostic救了5个人的生命。故选B。 15．D　[解析]句意：只有一种方式来阐释他的行为：英勇无畏。creative“有创造性的”；aggressive“挑衅的”；ambitious“有抱负的”；courageous“勇敢的”。根据下文中的heroic和Bostic救人的故事可知，此处是解释他英勇无畏的行为。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$