第三部分 专题一 第2讲 写作技巧 层层突破（Word教参）-【优化指导】2026年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（云南专版）

第2讲　写作技巧　层层突破 第一节　巧用高级词 [对应学生用书P296] 用高级词代替基础词能使得语言文采倍增。例如： 1．When feeling depressed，I often choose to appreciate the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.(三个黑体词分别比upset，enjoy及wonderful形象、高级) 2．He instructed us in nursing techniques.(instruct比show高级) 三类写作词升级对比 A：“单词→单词”型 词义 基础词 高级词 艰难的 difficult tough 感谢 thank appreciate 结果 result consequence 决定 decide determine 丰富的 rich abundant 勤奋的 hard­working diligent 幸运的 lucky fortunate 最终 finally eventually 提高 develop/improve promote 重要的 important vital/significant 选择 choice alternative 吸引人的 attractive appealing/inviting B：“单词→短语”型 词义 基础词 高级词 喜欢 like be keen on，be fond of 使用 use make use of 拜访 visit pay a visit to，call on sb. 道歉 apologize make an apology 想要 want be eager to，long to 从不 never in no case，by no means 表扬 praise speak highly of 意识到 realize be aware/conscious of 支持 support be in favor of 记得 remember bear/keep in mind 面对 face be faced with 重要的 important of great importance 容忍 bear put up with 只要 if on condition that，as long as 尽管 although despite the fact that 在……期间 during in the course of C：“短语→短语”型 词义 基础词 高级词 擅长 be good at have a good knowledge/command of，be experienced in 尽力做 try one'sbest spare no effort，make every/an effort 参加 join in participate in 忙于做 be busy(in) doing be rushed off one's feet，be occupied in/with，be buried in，be engaged in 因为 because of due to，owing to，as a consequence of 例如 for example for instance，take ...as an example　 实际上 in fact as a matter of fact，in truth，in reality 成功做某事 succeed in doing sth. make it 在……看来 in one'sopinion as far as sb.be concerned，from one's own perspective 我想/认为 I think/believe I am firmly convinced that ... 对点训练 用高级词替换黑体词 1．Please remember (＝keep/bear in mind) that we are part of the big family. 2．In my opinion (＝As far as I'm concerned)，riding bicycles is a good solution to air pollution. 3．She was good at physics although (＝despite the fact that) she found it boring. 4．During (＝In the course of) the mountain­climbing，please help each other and pay special attention to your safety. 5．As planned (＝scheduled)，a volleyball match will take place in the City Park next week. 第二节　精选优美句式 [对应学生用书P297] 除高级的语法结构外，高级句式的运用在写作中同样不可或缺。 1．The reason why ...is that ... ……的原因是…… In the first place，the reason why I didn't answer your letter in time a week ago was that I had to make full preparations for my final exam. 首先，一星期前我没有及时给你回信的原因是我必须为期末考试做好充分准备。 2．Word came that ...消息传来说…… Word came that you are coming to our school as a teacher and we are looking forward to your coming. 消息传来说您要来我们学校当老师，我们都盼望着您的到来。 3．If I were ...，I would ...如果我是……，我会…… If I were a dustman，I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street. 如果我是一个清洁工，我会使我们的城市更干净，街上没有垃圾。 4．I'd appreciate it if ...如果……我将不胜感激。 I'd appreciate it if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. 如果您在方便时能尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。 5．When it comes to ...当谈到…… When it comes to the season I like best，spring will always occur to me in no time. 当谈到我最喜欢的季节，我会立刻想到春天。 6．It's my great privilege to do sth.做某事是我莫大的荣幸。 It's my great privilege to be here，sharing this moment with our friends. 我很荣幸来到这里，与我们的朋友共度此刻。 7．It is a tradition and virtue for ...to do sth.做某事是……的优良传统和美德。 It is a tradition and virtue for Chinese nation to help those in need. 帮助需要帮助的人是中华民族的优良传统和美德。 8．It is the first time for sb.to do sth.这是某人第一次做某事。 Since it is the first time for us to go to Australia，we'd like to know the details about the accommodations so that we can make good preparations in advance. 因为这是我们第一次去澳大利亚，我们想了解住宿的详细情况，以便我们能提前做好准备。 9．It is thought/considered/believed/suggested that ...人们认为/相信/建议…… It is suggested that any foreign student who is enthusiastic about China take part in the activity. 建议任何一名对中国充满热情的外国学生都参加这项活动。 10．can't/can never...too/too much/enough/over­动词无论怎样……都不过分 The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English，so we can't overemphasize the importance of learning English. 社会的发展使我们有必要精通英语，所以我们怎么强调学习英语的重要性都不过分。 11．As the old saying goes，...常言道，…… As the old saying goes，practice makes perfect. 常言道：熟能生巧。 12．祈使句＋and＋陈述句 Make full preparations for your journey，and you will enjoy yourself. 为旅行做好充分准备，你会玩得很开心。 13．Why not do sth.？为什么不做某事？ Last Sunday，when my parents went out shopping，I suddenly got an idea：Why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning? 上周日，我的父母外出购物时，我突然有了一个想法：为什么不把房间彻底打扫一下？ 14．Some ...others ...一些……另一些…… Everyone is busy in the classroom.Some are reading，others are writing. 教室里的每个人都很忙。一些人在读书，另一些人在写作。 15．So＋adj.＋be＋主语＋that＋句子 如此……以至于…… So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此宝贵，经不起我们浪费。 对点训练 翻译下列句子 1．大多数人喜欢旅游是因为他们可以感受大自然的美，同时还可以呼吸新鲜的空气。 The reason why many people like traveling is that they can feel the beauty of nature and breathe the fresh air at the same time. 2．当谈到提高中文水平时，我的建议是你应该每天听并尽可能地练习说它。正如俗话所说，熟能生巧。 When it comes to improving Chinese，my advice is that you should listen every day and practice speaking it whenever possible.Just as the old saying goes，practice makes perfect. 3．人们认为，阅读可以增长我们的知识，开阔我们的视野。 It is considered (that) reading can increase our knowledge and broaden our horizons. 第三节　认真审题谋篇 [对应学生用书P298] 审题谋篇的评判标准有三个，即思想内容、层次安排和文字运用。一般认为，好的思想内容是指让人感到真实可信、生动有趣、有深度的内容；好的层次安排指的是写作内容统一，组织合乎逻辑，语意前后连贯，句与句相互衔接；好的文字运用则指所用语言流畅、文字优美。 审题谋篇一般有以下几个步骤： 动笔之前，用较短的时间确定体裁和主题，理清思路，梳理要点。 筛选段落可能用到的重要素材，区分主次，详略得当。 合理安排文章的结构。一篇文章通常可以分为三部分，即开头、主体和结尾。 　假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办介绍中国传统文化的主题征文比赛，入选文章将在英文网站上进行展示。请你写一封邮件给外国朋友Chris，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括： 1．阐明写信事由； 2．征求建议； 3．表示感谢。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [审题谋篇] [佳作赏析] Dear Chris， Our school's English newspaper is holding an essay competition whose topic is related to traditional Chinese culture.Because these selected essays will be presented on an English website，I sincerely want you to offer me some advice. As far as we know，there is a huge cultural difference between China and the Western countries.In order to get more clicks，I want to know your opinions about traditional Chinese culture.I would appreciate it if you could tell me which aspects are more attractive to foreign friends.What's more，if I want to decorate my webpage with some Chinese elements，what should I do? You are very interested in traditional Chinese culture，so I think you can tell me some detailed information. If possible，I wish you could reply to me as soon as possible.I really appreciate your help. Yours， Li Hua ①提分词：present，attractive，decorate，appreciate等。 ②提分句型：省略句、定语从句等。 ③文章围绕主题展开，衔接过渡自然，段落划分合理。 　为了增强学生的劳动意识，你校组织学生改造校园内的一处废弃花园。请你就此给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动时间与地点； 2．活动内容(除草、种花等)； 3．活动的意义。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [审题谋篇] [佳作赏析] To improve students' awareness of manual labor，our school launched an activity to rebuild a deserted garden on campus last Friday. Over 60 students from each class took an active part in the activity，some weeding the flower beds，some sowing seeds and others watering the garden.Our school will set aside some areas that have not been used for some time and make them suitable for students to experience different forms of labor in the future. The activity offered students an opportunity to connect with the natural world and respect life. ①提分词：awareness，manual，launch，take an active part in，set aside等。 ②提分句型：定语从句、非谓语动词、独立主格结构等。 ③文章审题准确，描写生动形象，段落划分合理。 对点训练 1．假定你是李华，你暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括： (1)写信目的； (2)个人优势； (3)能做的事情。 注意： (1)词数80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [审题谋篇] [参考范文] Dear Sir/Madam， My name is Li Hua.I'm a Chinese student who is taking a summer course in London now.I'm glad to learn that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition.I would like to do some voluntary work for the exhibition.So I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer. I am good at English and familiar with Chinese paintings.I would like to volunteer to help visitors，introduce Chinese paintings，spread Chinese culture，and strengthen world cultural exchanges.My aim is to act as a cultural messenger building a bridge between China and the rest of the world. I would appreciate it if you could agree to my request. Yours， Li Hua 2．假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。请给外教Miss Evans写一封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括： (1)剧情简介； (2)指导内容； (3)商定时间和地点。 注意：词数80左右。 [审题谋篇] [参考范文] Dear Miss Evans， I'm writing to ask for your help with our English short play adapted from our English textbook. The story starts with a boy named Huckleberry Finn，who ran away from home and lived with his friend Jim.Then Finn was cheated by two men，and Jim was sold to a farm.Finally，Finn and his friend Tom Sawyer managed to free Jim. I wonder if you could give us some advice.The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted，and we also need your guidance on our performance.If possible，shall we meet you in your office at 10 a．m.tomorrow? Looking forward to your early reply. Best regards， Li Hua 第四节　合理组织段落 [对应学生用书P301] 段落是一个相对独立的单元，同时也是构成一篇文章的基本单元，但它并不是几个句子的简单堆砌，而是通过有连贯性的句子表达一个中心意思。合理地组织段落会使文章大放异彩。 一 组段应遵循的原则 1.统一性原则 段落的统一性是段落写作的最基本要求。一个段落只能有一个主题，其他所有的事实、例子、证据都应服务于同一个主题。统一性有助于笔者清楚有效地表达自己的观点。通过有机地将与主题密切相关的扩展句编排在一起，文章主题将更明确，中心更突出。例如： He sized up the situation and called for his daughter，who spoke English.He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep，so we would need something to support it.Then he got a saw (锯) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road.We rolled it over and put his jack on top，and we were in business. 本段内容都是围绕段落首句“He sized up the situation and called for his daughter，who spoke English.”展开的。首句交代了段落主旨，其余文字根据主旨进行了具体的阐述。 2．连贯性原则 连贯性指句与句、段与段过渡自然(和谐、流畅、层次分明、符合逻辑)。保持段落的连贯性就应恰如其分地运用过渡语，使内容承上启下。常见的过渡语有first、at first、second、and then、finally、what's more、but、however、such as、thus、as a result、in fact、therefore、in a word、in short等。例如： My uncle is a surgeon in the local hospital.He often buries himself in his work and is busy with diagnoses and operations，which often take him so much time and energy that it is impossible for him to look after his family.Most movingly，facing a fierce pandemic，he became a volunteer without hesitation.Wearing thick protective suits，he headed for the wards，leaving a thin but tall figure behind. 本段内容对自己的叔叔进行介绍。首句点明其身份，中间说明叔叔日常的敬业表现，段尾用具体事例说明叔叔值得尊敬。本段文字主旨突出，层次分明。状语从句、定语从句、非谓语动词的使用又极大地丰富了句式结构。 3．简洁性原则 一个段落的长度没有具体的限制，主要取决于段落主题表达的需求。有的只需要简短的几句，有的则需要更多的细节支持。但无论哪种情况，一个段落的写作必须遵循简洁的原则，避免赘言和与主题无关的语言成分。例如： If you are like me，and you really believe that children's living is important，and that all school experiences should be happy，then go and open your children's textbook，have a look at it. 本段只用了34个单词就巧妙地表达了一个完整的思想：如果你和我一样真的认为孩子的生活很重要，就去看看孩子的课本，孩子的学校经历很快乐(结合上下文理解)。 二 常见的过渡性词语 过渡性词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。在句与句之间、段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡性)词语是非常必要的。高中阶段应该掌握的连接(过渡性)词语归纳如下： 1．表示起始关系的过渡性词语 above all，to begin/start with，today，now，nowadays，at present，currently，recently，generally speaking，according to，with the development of To begin with，although he is old，he stepped forward to Wuhan. 首先，虽然他年事已高，但他还是前往了武汉。 2．表示时间顺序的过渡性词语 first，first of all，to begin with，then，later，in the end，finally，at last，after that，afterwards，since then，immediately，suddenly，meanwhile Meanwhile，I competed with my friends to see who picked more. 其间，我和朋友比赛看谁摘的(水果)多。 3．表示并列关系的过渡性词语 and，or，also，as well as，neither ...nor ...，not only ...but (also) ...，either ...or ...，not ...but ... We should not pay more attention to kids' outcome but recognize their efforts to achieve goals. 我们不应该过多关注孩子们的成绩，而应认可他们为实现目标而付出的努力。 4．表示转折关系的过渡性词语 but，yet，however，while，otherwise，on the contrary，though，although，even if/though，despite，in spite of，regardless of Although it was very hot，everyone had a great time there. 尽管天气非常热，但每个人都在那里玩得非常开心。 5．表示因果关系的过渡性词语 because，as，since，for，thanks to，due to，as a result of，so，therefore，as a result/consequence Because these selected essays will be presented on the English website，I sincerely want you to offer me some advice. 因为入选文章将会发布在英文网站上，因此我真诚地希望你能给我一些建议。 It is a fact that rap music not only allows us to have a relax，but also enables us to learn more about culture.Therefore，I wonder if you could tell us something about rap to enrich our knowledge. 说唱音乐不仅可以让我们放松，而且能使我们了解更多的文化。因此，我想知道您是否能给我们讲一些关于说唱音乐的事情来丰富我们的知识。 6．表示递进关系的过渡性词语 what's more，furthermore，moreover，besides，what's worse，still less，to make matters worse，worse still，on the one hand ...on the other hand ...，for one thing ...for another (thing) ... What's more，I'm outgoing and warm­hearted. 另外，我性格外向且非常热心。 7．列举事实的过渡性词语 such as，for example/instance，take ...for example，that is to say，as follows，in other words A suitable gift such as a bunch of flowers is necessary for your visit. 你做客时，一件合适的礼物，比如一束花，是有必要的。 8．表达观点的过渡性词语 in my opinion，in my view，from my point of view，as far as I'm concerned，as for me，personally In my opinion，the activity boosted our confidence. 在我看来，这个活动增加了我们的信心。 9．表示总结的过渡性词语 in short，in brief，in conclusion，in a/one word，to sum up，all in all，on the whole，in general In conclusion，we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient. 总之，我们应该完全了解它的利弊，并且找到恰当的方式使我们的学习更高效。 对点训练 阅读下面的短文，选择适当的过渡性词语填空 above all；besides；meanwhile；for one thing；for another thing；personally；in a word Recently，it has been a great public concern that the students lack self­protection awareness. There is a lack of social experience among students and therefore learning how to protect ourselves is of great significance to us all.1.For one thing，security comes first.Without security，we can achieve nothing and cannot live up to parents' expectations；2.for another thing，protecting ourselves contributes to the healthy development of the students，which is associated with the happiness of every family.3.Meanwhile，it also helps to build a more harmonious society. 4．Personally，in order to protect us students，5.above all，we should strengthen our security awareness.6.Besides，when accidents occur，we should calm down and turn to teachers or parents for help.The government also plays a leading role in protecting students.7.In a word，only by the combined efforts of every side involved can we live and study in harmony. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$