Unit 5 Languages Around the World词性转换,词汇,语法,句型,知识点复习题-2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

Unit 5 Languages Around the World 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．reference n．指称关系；参考→ vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→ vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→ n．基础→ adj.基础的 3．variety n．异体；多样化→ v．变化；不同→ adj.各种各样的 4．major adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→ n．大多数 5．global adj.全球的；全世界的→ n．地球；地球仪 6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→ n．感激；欣赏→ adj.感激的 7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→ n．乞丐 8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→ adv.平等地→ n．平等 9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→ adj.要求高的 10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→ vt.描述 11．relate vt.联系；讲述→ adj.相关的→ n．关系→ n．关系 核心单词 1． n．十亿 2． adj.本地的 n．本地人 3． n．态度；看法 4． n．体系；制度；系统 5． prep.即使；尽管 6． n．因素；要素 7． n．方式；方法；途径 8． adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著 9． n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待 10． n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 11． n．书法；书法艺术 12． n．公共事务；事件；关系 13． n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 14． n．汽油；气体；燃气 15． n．(NAmE gas)汽油 16． n．(BrE underground)地铁 17． n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房 18． n．间隔；开口；差距 19． n．词汇 一、语法填空 1．The statement given below is for your (refer). 2．‘Harry Potter’ is one of the (classic) written by J.K Rowling. 3． (struggle) with his math homework, Tom turned to his classmate for help. 4．There are many (vary) of flowers in the garden. 5． (base) on a true story, the novel is widely known for its vivid language. 6．Like running, race walking is physically (demand). 7．The festival (date) back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn, is held in November every year. 8．It (hope) that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 9．It didn’t take me long to pick up the (base) knowledge of the language. 10．Darkness would make him more (appreciate) of sight. 11．The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history (date) back to 1455. 12．Choose the best (describe) of Meng Hao’s first day at senior high. 13．Three-fourths of the (apartment) in the area have no heat so it is not convenient to live in them. 14．She demanded (tell) everything about it. 15．Not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also (regard) as a superhero to many in real life. 16．Burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases (globe) warming. 17．More and more people choose to shop in online stores as they offer a (vary) of goods. 18．We can hear the girl (play) the piano downstairs almost every day. 19．The PE teacher demands that all the students (wear) gym shoes in his class. 20．Jennifer has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She said she had trouble (pay) attention in class. 21．The teacher was noticed (leave) the teaching building after class. 22．The head teacher sat on the bench, watching the kids (play) football on the playground. 23．The view is put forward especially in (relate) to grammar and vocabulary. 24．She demanded (tell) everything about the accident because she was concerned about it. 25．The teacher demanded that the students (finish) the examination paper within one and a half hours. 26．The movie opens with a scene the main characters are lost in the city. 27．The school my son studies is near a park. 28．I will never forget the day I climbed to the top of the mountain. 29．They’re all situations we could use a little extra patience. 30．We recently went back to the village my father was born. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pinyin is 31 effective Romanization system used to learn Mandarin (普通话). It describes the sounds of Mandarin using the Western (Roman) alphabet (字母表) Commonly, Pinyin is used for 32 (teach) school children to read. And it is also 33 (wide) used in teaching Westerners who wish to learn Mandarin. Pinyin was developed in the 1950s and is now the official Romanization system, of China, Singapore, and the American Library Association. Library standards make it 34 (easy) to find Chinese language materials than before. A worldwide standard also helps the exchange of information between organizations in various 35 (country). Learning Pinyin is important. Pinyin provides a comfortable base 36 anyone trying to learn Mandarin: it looks familiar (熟悉的). It offers a way 37 (read) Chinese without using Chinese characters — a major 38 (difficult) for foreigners who, want to learn Mandarin. Pinyin is not perfect. It uses many letter combinations (组合) 39 are unknown in English and other Western languages. Anyone who has not studied Pinyin is likely to mispronounce the spellings. Although there are some disadvantages of Pinyin, 40 is best to have a single system of Romanization for the Mandarin language. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning languages has many advantages: feeling confident when travelling abroad, making friends 41 (international), being able to read books in the original (原版的), and a lot more, like studying and working in other 42 (country). Most people live under the stereotype (刻板印象) that they lose their learning abilities with age. However, if faced 43 a challenge when there is no other way except to learn the new foreign language, adult people can show great results. Before 44 (decide) how to learn a new language, the first thing is to decide in which situation the language is to be used. If the target is, for example, 45 (travel) or find new business at some international events, a course focusing on speaking practices is recommended (推荐). The basic vocabulary and 46 (conversation) structures, studied and practised heavily during a short period of time, may lead to the needed result, which might be the ability to communicate on the streets or support 47 small business talk. Usually the two or three months of study 48 (be) enough to start communicating. However, if brought back shortly to the usual environment, the person might lose the majority of knowledge if there would not be any supporting practice afterwards. Unfortunately, without practical usage 49 further development, the language abilities may go away as easily as they came. The language cannot 50 (learn) once and forever. 二、单词拼写 51．Stop (参考) to your notes! It’s a dictation, Tom! 52．Kung fu is a study that (要求) patience, energy and time to achieve proficiency. 53．A group of homeless people stood by the road, (乞求) for some money. 54．We would (感激) you letting us know of any problems. 55．I have given a specific (描述) of the characters carved on the bone. 56． (尽管) the fact that it was raining cats and dogs, they decided to play the match out until a goal had been scored. 57．There are no significant differences between the education (体系) of the two countries. 58．The (符号) on the rocks in the cave stand for special meanings. 59．“The Great Gatsby” is regarded as a (经典作品) of American literature and is studied in many high school. 60．The (全球的) economy has been affected by various factors. 61．A positive (态度) towards life will make a big difference to you. 62．From now on, I hope every one of us will (奋斗) to make our dream come true. 63．She spoke not only her (出生地的；本地的) language, Swedish, but also English and French. 64．The dogs were fighting over a (骨头). 65．The two teams were well-matched, with an (同等的) number of skilled players. 三、完成句子 66．众所周知，中国不再是原来的样子了。 As is known to us, China isn’t . 67．据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校发展有关。 It is said that the short English film . 68．尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。 Young as he was, John the important task. 69．不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。 Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you . 70．I’m more than glad . 我很高兴给你提些建议。 71．在我看来，不花太多时间玩智能手机是明智的。 , it’s wise not to spend much time playing with smartphones. 72．如果你给我这样一次展示才华的机会我将感激不尽。 I if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent. 73．公园中有各种各样的植物与花。 There are plants and flowers in this park. 74．确立明确的目标是同等重要的。 It is          set clear goals. 75．Of importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive . 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Languages Around the World 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→base vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→basis n．基础→basic adj.基础的 3．variety n．异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→various adj.各种各样的 4．major adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→majority n．大多数 5．global adj.全球的；全世界的→globe n．地球；地球仪 6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的 7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→beggar n．乞丐 8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等 9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→demanding adj.要求高的 10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述 11．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n．关系→relationship n．关系 核心单词 1．billion n．十亿 2．native adj.本地的 n．本地人 3．attitude n．态度；看法 4．system n．体系；制度；系统 5．despite prep.即使；尽管 6．factor n．因素；要素 7．means n．方式；方法；途径 8．classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著 9．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待 10．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 11．calligraphy n．书法；书法艺术 12．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系 13．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 14．gas n．汽油；气体；燃气 15．petrol n．(NAmE gas)汽油 16．subway n．(BrE underground)地铁 17．apartment n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房 18．gap n．间隔；开口；差距 19．vocabulary n．词汇 一、语法填空 1．The statement given below is for your (refer). 【答案】reference 【详解】考查名词。句意：下面的陈述供你参考。空处应为名词，作宾语；reference为名词，表示“参考”，符合句意，此处为不可数名词。故填reference。 2．‘Harry Potter’ is one of the (classic) written by J.K Rowling. 【答案】classics 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：“哈利·波特”是J.K.罗琳所写的经典作品之一。classic在这里用作名词，指“经典作品”，由于在one of后表述“……之一”，需要用名词复数形式。故填classics。 3． (struggle) with his math homework, Tom turned to his classmate for help. 【答案】Struggling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆做数学作业很吃力，他向同学求助。空格处应该用非谓语形式作状语，动词struggle与句子的主语Tom之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词struggling作状语。故填Struggling。 4．There are many (vary) of flowers in the garden. 【答案】varieties 【详解】考查名词。句意：花园里有很多种花。根据空前的many和空后的of flowers可知，这里指花的种类有许多种，应用名词variety，意为“变种”，为可数名词，空前有many修饰，应用名词复数。故填varieties。 5． (base) on a true story, the novel is widely known for its vivid language. 【答案】Based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部小说取材于一个真实的故事，以其生动的语言而闻名。逗号后是一个完整的句子结构，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语the novel和base之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首要大写首字母。故填Based。 6．Like running, race walking is physically (demand). 【答案】demanding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：和跑步一样，竞走对体力的要求也很高。空处应填形容词作表语，demanding“要求高的”，形容词，故填demanding。 7．The festival (date) back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn, is held in November every year. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日可以追溯到明朝，用来庆祝秋天的丰收，在每年的11月举行。句中谓语是is held，空格处用非谓语动词，festival和date之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词，故填dating。 8．It (hope) that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 【答案】is hoped 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：人们希望这种可怕的疾病能很快得到控制。本句是that引导的主语从句，it为形式主语，和hope之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，构成固定句型It is hoped that意为“人们希望”。故填is hoped。 9．It didn’t take me long to pick up the (base) knowledge of the language. 【答案】basic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我没花多长时间就学会了这门语言的基础知识。空处修饰名词knowledge，需要形容词，作定语，base的形容词basic意为 “基本的；基础的”。故填basic。 10．Darkness would make him more (appreciate) of sight. 【答案】appreciative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：黑暗会让他更加珍惜视力。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，空处需填形容词appreciative，作宾语补足语。故填appreciative。 11．The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history (date) back to 1455. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：土耳其伊斯坦布尔的大巴扎有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到1455年。date back to表示“追溯到”，本句谓语为has，此处为非谓语动词，且history与date back to为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填dating。 12．Choose the best (describe) of Meng Hao’s first day at senior high. 【答案】description 【详解】考查名词。句意：选择对孟浩高中第一天最好的描述。空处需填名词description，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填description。 13．Three-fourths of the (apartment) in the area have no heat so it is not convenient to live in them. 【答案】apartments 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：该地区四分之三的公寓没有暖气，所以住在那里不方便。“分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语动词的数与其后的名词保持一致；句中谓语动词是have，复数形式，所以apartment也为复数形式。故填apartments。 14．She demanded (tell) everything about it. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她要求把有关它的一切都告诉她。demand后应接动词不定式作宾语，tell(告诉)是非谓语动词，用不定式形式作宾语，同时tell与其逻辑主语she之间为被动关系，所以应用不定式的被动式to be told。故填to be told。 15．Not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films, but he is also (regard) as a superhero to many in real life. 【答案】regarded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他不仅在超人电影中被称为超级英雄，而且在现实生活中，他也被许多人视为超级英雄。主语he和谓语动词regard是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），应用过去分词regarded。故填regarded。 16．Burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases (globe) warming. 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：燃烧煤炭造成严重的空气污染，加剧全球变暖。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰warming，globe的形容词是global，global warming意为“全球变暖”。故填global。 17．More and more people choose to shop in online stores as they offer a (vary) of goods. 【答案】variety 【详解】考查名词。句意：越来越多的人选择在网上商店购物，因为它们提供各种各样的商品。a variety of 意为“各种各样的”，为固定短语。故填variety。 18．We can hear the girl (play) the piano downstairs almost every day. 【答案】play 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们几乎每天都能听到那个女孩在楼下弹钢琴。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语hear sb do sth，意为“听到某人做某事”，不带to不定式作宾补，强调弹钢琴的整个过程。故填play。 19．The PE teacher demands that all the students (wear) gym shoes in his class. 【答案】should wear/wear 【详解】查虚拟语气。句意：体育老师要求班上所有的学生都穿运动鞋。动词demand作“要求”讲时，其后接的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should +）动词原形”。故填（should）wear。 20．Jennifer has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She said she had trouble (pay) attention in class. 【答案】paying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：珍妮弗已经几个月没吃早餐了。她说她在课堂上很难集中注意力。短语have trouble (in) doing，意为“做某事有困难”，所以设空处应用动名词作宾语，故填paying。 21．The teacher was noticed (leave) the teaching building after class. 【答案】to leave 【详解】考查不定式。句意：老师被看到下课后离开教学楼。短语notice sb do sth意为“注意某人做了某事”，这里的do为省略to的不定式结构，变成被动结构时候要把不定式to还原回去，所以设空处应用不定式作主语补足语，故填to leave。 22．The head teacher sat on the bench, watching the kids (play) football on the playground. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：班主任坐在长椅上，看着孩子们在操场上踢足球。空白处在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词。动词play和宾语之间是主动且进行的关系，使用现在分词，故填playing。 23．The view is put forward especially in (relate) to grammar and vocabulary. 【答案】relation 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：特别是在语法和词汇方面提出了这一观点。短语in relation to，意为“与……有关”，名词作宾语，故填relation。 24．She demanded (tell) everything about the accident because she was concerned about it. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她要求被告知事故的一切，因为她很担心。demand to do sth. 是固定短语，意为“要求做某事”。根据语境可知，动词 tell 与主语 She之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be told。 25．The teacher demanded that the students (finish) the examination paper within one and a half hours. 【答案】should finish/ finish 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求学生在一个半小时内完成试卷。动词demand作“要求”讲时，其后接的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should +）动词原形”。故填（should）finish。 26．The movie opens with a scene the main characters are lost in the city. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这部电影以主角们在城市中迷路的场景开场。引导定语从句，先行词为a scene，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 27．The school my son studies is near a park. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我儿子上学的学校靠近一个公园。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The school，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 28．I will never forget the day I climbed to the top of the mountain. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我爬上山顶的那一天。空处引导定语从句，先行词是 the day，关系词在从句中作时间状语，指代爬上山顶的时间，应用关系副词 when引导。故填when。 29．They’re all situations we could use a little extra patience. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这些情况下，我们都需要多一点耐心。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为situations表示抽象地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。 30．We recently went back to the village my father was born. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们最近回到了我父亲出生的村庄。“ my father was born”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the village，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pinyin is 31 effective Romanization system used to learn Mandarin (普通话). It describes the sounds of Mandarin using the Western (Roman) alphabet (字母表) Commonly, Pinyin is used for 32 (teach) school children to read. And it is also 33 (wide) used in teaching Westerners who wish to learn Mandarin. Pinyin was developed in the 1950s and is now the official Romanization system, of China, Singapore, and the American Library Association. Library standards make it 34 (easy) to find Chinese language materials than before. A worldwide standard also helps the exchange of information between organizations in various 35 (country). Learning Pinyin is important. Pinyin provides a comfortable base 36 anyone trying to learn Mandarin: it looks familiar (熟悉的). It offers a way 37 (read) Chinese without using Chinese characters — a major 38 (difficult) for foreigners who, want to learn Mandarin. Pinyin is not perfect. It uses many letter combinations (组合) 39 are unknown in English and other Western languages. Anyone who has not studied Pinyin is likely to mispronounce the spellings. Although there are some disadvantages of Pinyin, 40 is best to have a single system of Romanization for the Mandarin language. 【答案】 31．an 32．teaching 33．widely 34．easier 35．countries 36．to/for 37．to read 38．difficulty 39．that/which 40．it 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语拼音。 31．考查冠词。句意：拼音是学习普通话的一种有效的罗马化系统。system为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且effective发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 32．考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，拼音用于教学童阅读。介词for后面接动名词teaching，作宾语。故填teaching。 33．考查副词。句意：它也被广泛用于教授希望学习普通话的西方人。修饰动词is used，需用副词widely作状语。故填widely。 34．考查形容词比较级。句意：图书馆标准使得查找中文语言材料比以前更容易了。此处需填形容词作宾语补足语，结合下文的than before可知，使用形容词比较级easier。故填easier。 35．考查名词。句意：一个世界标准也有助于不同国家的组织之间进行信息交流。空处需填名词作宾语，结合various可知，此处为名词复数形式countries。故填countries。 36．考查介词。句意：拼音为任何尝试学习普通话的人提供了一个舒适的基础：它看起来很熟悉。provide sth to/for sb为固定搭配，意为“提供某物给某人”。故填to/for。 37．考查非谓语动词。句意：它提供了一种无需使用汉字就能阅读中文的方法——这对于想要学习普通话的外国人来说，解决了他们面临的一大难题。修饰名词way需用动词不定式形式作后置定语。故填to read。 38．考查名词。句意同上。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词difficulty。故填difficulty。 39．考查定语从句。句意：它使用了许多在英语和其他西方语言中未知的字母组合。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词many letter combinations，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 40．考查代词。句意：尽管拼音有一些缺点，但最好还是为普通话采用一个统一的罗马化系统。It is adj. to do…为固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填it。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning languages has many advantages: feeling confident when travelling abroad, making friends 41 (international), being able to read books in the original (原版的), and a lot more, like studying and working in other 42 (country). Most people live under the stereotype (刻板印象) that they lose their learning abilities with age. However, if faced 43 a challenge when there is no other way except to learn the new foreign language, adult people can show great results. Before 44 (decide) how to learn a new language, the first thing is to decide in which situation the language is to be used. If the target is, for example, 45 (travel) or find new business at some international events, a course focusing on speaking practices is recommended (推荐). The basic vocabulary and 46 (conversation) structures, studied and practised heavily during a short period of time, may lead to the needed result, which might be the ability to communicate on the streets or support 47 small business talk. Usually the two or three months of study 48 (be) enough to start communicating. However, if brought back shortly to the usual environment, the person might lose the majority of knowledge if there would not be any supporting practice afterwards. Unfortunately, without practical usage 49 further development, the language abilities may go away as easily as they came. The language cannot 50 (learn) once and forever. 【答案】 41．internationally 42．countries 43．with 44．deciding 45．to travel 46．conversational 47．a 48．is 49．or 50．be learned/ be learnt 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了学习语言有很多好处，所以不要怕自己年龄大了学不好。首先要确定自己学习一门新语言的目的，然后学习以后要经常使用它，语言的学习并不是一劳永逸的。 41．考查副词。句意：学习语言有很多好处：出国旅行时感到自信，在国际上交朋友，能够阅读原版书籍，还有更多的好处，比如在其他国家学习和工作。空处在句子中作状语，应用副词形式。故填internationally。 42．考查名词。句意：学习语言有很多好处：出国旅行时感到自信，在国际上交朋友，能够阅读原版书籍，还有更多的好处，比如在其他国家学习和工作。空处在句子中作宾语，应用名词，根据空处前面的other可知，空处应填名词的复数形式。故填countries。 43．考查介词。句意：然而，如果面对除了学习新外语之外别无选择的挑战，成年人可以取得巨大的成绩。faced with为固定短语，意为“面对……”。故填with。 44． 考查非谓语动词。句意：在决定如何学习一门新语言之前，首先要决定在何种情况下使用该语言。介词before后接动名词形式，作宾语。故填deciding。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，如果目标是旅行或在一些国际活动中寻找新业务，建议学一门专注于口语练习的课程。空处在句子中做表语，使用非谓语动词，因空处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，应用动词不定式。故填to travel。 46．考查形容词。句意：在短期内大量学习和练习基础词汇和会话结构，可能会带来所需的结果，比如能够在街上交流或支持小型商务谈判。空处在句子中修饰名词，作定语，应用形容词形式。故填conversational。 47．考查冠词。句意：在短期内大量学习和练习基础词汇和会话结构，可能会带来所需的结果，比如能够在街上交流或支持小型商务谈判。空处考查冠词，表示“一个小型商务谈判”，应用不定冠词，small以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 48． 考查时态。句意：通常，两三个月的学习就足够开始交流了。空处作谓语，且句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the two or three months of study表示一段时间，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。 49．考查连词。句意：不幸的是，如果没有实际使用或进一步发展，语言能力可能会像它们来的时候一样容易消失。根据句意，介词without后practical usage和further development均为名词短语，表示选择关系，应用表示选择关系的并列连词。故填or。 50．考查被动语态。句意：语言不能一劳永逸地学会。空处在句子中作谓语，learn与主语the language之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据空处前面的情态动词can可知，此处使用“情态动词+be done”结构。故填be learned/be learnt。 二、单词拼写 51．Stop (参考) to your notes! It’s a dictation, Tom! 【答案】referring 【详解】考查动词。句意：别再看笔记了！这是听写，汤姆！根据汉语提示可知应用动词refer，根据后文“It’s a dictation, Tom!”可知，为短语stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事”，动名词作宾语。故填referring。 52．Kung fu is a study that (要求) patience, energy and time to achieve proficiency. 【答案】demands 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：功夫是一门需要耐心、精力和时间才能精通的学问。根据汉语提示“要求”可知，空处应填动词demand，作that引导的定语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词is可知，主句时态为一般现在时，主从句时态基本一致，故定语从句时态也需用一般现在时，描述一个客观事实，that指代先行词a study，是单数主语，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即demands。故填demands。 53．A group of homeless people stood by the road, (乞求) for some money. 【答案】begging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一群无家可归的人站在路边讨钱。空处作状语，A group of homeless people与“乞求”beg构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词。故填begging。 54．We would (感激) you letting us know of any problems. 【答案】appreciate 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果有任何问题，请告诉我们，我们将不胜感激。表示“感激”用appreciate，would后用动词原形。故填appreciate。 55．I have given a specific (描述) of the characters carved on the bone. 【答案】description 【详解】考查名词。句意：我已经对刻在骨头上的字作了具体的描述。表示“描述”用description，a后用名词单数，名词作宾语。故填description。 56． (尽管) the fact that it was raining cats and dogs, they decided to play the match out until a goal had been scored. 【答案】Despite 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管下着瓢泼大雨这一事实，他们决定一直踢比赛，直到进球为止。“尽管”应用表示让步的介词despite，和后面的名词the fact构成介宾短语。句首单词首字母应大写。故填Despite。 57．There are no significant differences between the education (体系) of the two countries. 【答案】systems 【详解】考查名词。句意：两国的教育体系之间没有显著差异。根据汉语提示“体系”，可知应填名词system作宾语，此处表示复数意义。故填systems。 58．The (符号) on the rocks in the cave stand for special meanings. 【答案】symbols 【详解】考查动词。句意：山洞里岩石上的符号代表着特殊的意义。定冠词The后接名词在句中作主语。名词“符号”英文为symbol。根据谓语动词stand for可知，用名词的复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填symbols。 59．“The Great Gatsby” is regarded as a (经典作品) of American literature and is studied in many high school. 【答案】classic 【详解】考查名词。句意：“了不起的盖茨比”被认为是美国文学的经典作品，并在许多高中被学习。“经典作品”对应的英语单词为classic，此处使用名词作宾语，不定冠词a提示用名词单数，故答案为classic。 60．The (全球的) economy has been affected by various factors. 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：全球的经济受到了各种因素的影响。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词global“全球的”，作定语，修饰名词economy。故填global。 61．A positive (态度) towards life will make a big difference to you. 【答案】attitude 【详解】考查名词。句意：积极的生活态度会对你产生很大的影响。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“态度”应用attitude，为可数名词，且由空前A可知，此空应用单数形式作主语。故填attitude。 62．From now on, I hope every one of us will (奋斗) to make our dream come true. 【答案】struggle 【详解】考查动词。句意：从现在开始，我希望我们每个人都能努力实现我们的梦想。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“奋斗”应用struggle，为动词，且这里应用动词原形与前面will构成一般将来时。故填struggle。 63．She spoke not only her (出生地的；本地的) language, Swedish, but also English and French. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】native 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她不仅会说她的本地语言瑞典语，还会说英语和法语。形容词native作定语，修饰名词language，表示她的“本地的”语言。故填native。 64．The dogs were fighting over a (骨头). 【答案】bone 【详解】考查名词。句意：狗们正在为一根骨头打架。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“骨头”应用bone，为可数名词，且由空前a可知，这里应用单数形式作宾语。故填bone。 65．The two teams were well-matched, with an (同等的) number of skilled players. 【答案】equal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：两队势均力敌，技术娴熟的球员数量相等。表示“同等的”应用equal，为形容词，在本句中作定语，修饰名词number。故填equal。 三、完成句子 66．众所周知，中国不再是原来的样子了。 As is known to us, China isn’t . 【答案】what it used to be 【详解】考查表语从句。空处是表语从句，“原来的样子”使用固定短语used to be，引导词在从句中作表语，指物，使用连接代词what引导，故填what it used to be。 67．据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校发展有关。 It is said that the short English film . 【答案】is mainly related to the development of our school 【详解】考查固定搭配。“与……有关”可表示为be related to...；“主要”可表示为mainly，为副词；“我们学校发展”可表示为the development of our school。本句陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时，且主语the short English film为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is mainly related to the development of our school。 68．尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。 Young as he was, John the important task. 【答案】was equal to/was fit for 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“胜任”，应用动词短语be equal to/be fit for。根据上文“Young as he was”可以判断整个句子在讨论过去的事实，因此需要使用一般过去时，主语为John，系动词be应变成was。故填was equal to或was fit for。 69．不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。 Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you . 【答案】have trouble with your study/have trouble in studying/have difficulty in studying 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据中英文提示，设空处表示“学习遇到困难”。have trouble with sth.意为“在某事上有困难”，have trouble/difficulty in doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。“学习”可表示为study，可作名词或动词。本句陈述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时。故填have trouble with your study/have trouble in studying/have difficulty in studying。 70．I’m more than glad . 我很高兴给你提些建议。 【答案】to offer you some suggestions 【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词和动词短语。短语be glad to do sth.形容词后用动词不定式；表示“提供”用动词offer；表示“一些建议”应用some suggestions，作直接宾语；you为间接宾语。故填to  offer you some suggestions。 71．在我看来，不花太多时间玩智能手机是明智的。 , it’s wise not to spend much time playing with smartphones. 【答案】From my point of view/In my opinion/In my view/As far as I’m concerned 【详解】考查固定短语。“在我看来”可以用固定短语“from my point of view/in my opinion/in my view/as far as I’m concerned”，句首单词首字母大写。故填From my point of view/In my opinion/In my view/As far as I’m concerned。 72．如果你给我这样一次展示才华的机会我将感激不尽。 I if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent. 【答案】would be grateful/would appreciate it 【详解】考查固定句型。“如果你……，我将感激不尽”可用固定句型I would be grateful if you could...或者I would appreciate it if you could...。故填would be grateful/would appreciate it。 73．公园中有各种各样的植物与花。 There are plants and flowers in this park. 【答案】various/a variety of/varieties of 【详解】考查形容词或固定短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“各种各样的”，可用形容词various，或用固定短语a variety of、varieties of。故填various/a variety of/varieties of。 74．确立明确的目标是同等重要的。 It is          set clear goals. 【答案】 of equal importance to 【详解】考查介词及非谓语动词。该句中It为形式主语，后面动词短语set clear goals是真正主语，应使用动词不定式形式，所以第四空应填不定式符号to；前面三空表达“是同等重要的”可使用介词of加抽象名词importance表示“具有重要意义的”作表语，名词前使用形容词equal修饰。be of加抽象名词表示“具有...的”相当于be加同根形容词。故填of；equal；importance；to。 75．Of importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive . 同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。 【答案】 equal attitude 【详解】考查形容词和名词。形容词equal (同样的)作定语修饰名词importance，不定冠词a提示单数名词attitude (态度)作主语。故填①equal ②attitude。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$