精品解析：辽宁省辽阳市2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末质量监测英语试卷

2024—2025学年度下学期期末质量监测 八年级英语试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As summer comes, parents should know swimming pools can be a danger to their kids. Know the risks: 1. Drowning (溺水) is the leading cause of death for children at 1 to 4 years old, and the second leading cause of accidental death for children at 5 to 14 years old. 2. A child can drown in under 5 minutes—the time it takes to check a piece of news. 3. 19% of drowning happen when lifeguards (救生员) are around. What you can do: 1. Sign kids up (报名参加) for swimming lessons. This cuts down their risk of drowning by 90%. 2. If a child is missing, check the pool first. 92% of children who survive are found in two minutes. 3. Don’t depend on floats (浮板) or other pool toys to keep your kids safe. 1. Drowning is the leading cause of death for children at _________ years old. A. 3 B. 5 C. 10 D. 14 2. Swimming pools are dangerous for kids because _________. A. the swimming pools are crowded B. drowning can happen in a short time C. kids can’t look after themselves well D. there are no lifeguards near the pool 3. What can cut down the kids’ risk of drowning by 90%? A. Calling for help when in danger. B. No swimming with an empty stomach. C. Signing kids up for swimming lessons. D. Putting floats and other pool toys away. 4. The text is a _________. A. diary B. letter C. notice D. story 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了夏季游泳池对儿童的危险性，并列出了溺水的风险以及家长可以采取的预防措施。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Drowning is the leading cause of death for children at 1 to 4 years old”可知，溺水是1至4岁儿童死亡的主要原因。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A child can drown in under 5 minutes”可知，游泳池的危险性在于溺水可能在短时间内发生。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Sign kids up (报名参加) for swimming lessons. This cuts down their risk of drowning by 90%.”可知，为孩子报名游泳课程，这可将溺水风险降低90%。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。文章以表格形式列出风险和应对措施，语言简洁直接，旨在提醒家长注意安全，符合通知的文体特征。故选C。 B Recently, I asked a seeing friend who had just walked in the woods what she had noticed. “Nothing special! ” she replied. How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me only through touch. If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be found by sight (视力)? And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes for just three days. On the first day, I should want to see the people who have made my life worth living and the books which have been read to me. In the afternoon, I should take a walk in the woods and admire the beauties of nature. That night, I should not be able to sleep. On my second day, I should go to the museums to see man’s progress. I should try to explore the spirit of man through his art. In the evening, I should spend at the movies. The following day, I should spend in the world of common people going about the business of life. At midnight permanent (永久的) night would close in on me again, and I should realize how much I had left unseen. I who am blind can give one suggestion to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be blind. The same is true of other senses. Hear the songs of birds, as if you would be deaf tomorrow. Smell the flowers, as if tomorrow you could never smell again... But of all the senses, I’m sure that sight must be the most pleasant. (Adapted from Three Days to See by Helen Keller) 5. What makes the writer start imagining the three days? A. Walking in the woods. B. Seeing natural beauty. C. Asking herself questions. D. Touching interesting things. 6. What does the writer want to do during the three days? A. Have a wonderful dream every day. B. Go to the movies on the second day. C. Succeed in business on the third day. D. Read books to people on the first day. 7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. A description of different senses. B. A method of living a pleasant life. C. Encouragement to the blind people. D. Advice to people without disabilities. 8. Which is the best structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, ...) A. B. C. D. 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. D 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个盲人，通过询问一个视力正常的朋友在森林中的所见所闻，引发了自己对于如果能够拥有三天视力的想象和规划。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk through the woods and see nothing worthy of note?... And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes for just three days.”可知，作者因为询问朋友在森林中什么都没注意到而感到惊讶，进而开始想象如果自己能有三天视力会看到什么。故选C。 6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“On my second day, I should go to the museums to see man’s progress... In the evening, I should spend at the movies.”可知，作者想在第二天晚上去看电影。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“I who am blind can give one suggestion to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be blind. The same is true of other senses.”可知，最后一段主要是作者给视力正常的人的建议，即要像明天就要失去视力一样去使用眼睛，同样也适用于其他感官。这是对没有残疾的人的建议。故选D。 【8题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第一段通过询问朋友在森林中的所见所闻引出话题；第二段作者开始想象如果自己能有三天视力；第三、四、五段分别描述了作者在这三天里想要看到的人和事物；第六段作者给视力正常的人提出了建议。故选D。 C All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗涤池) and toilets that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the US has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled materials, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 9. Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A. To save energy B. To save materials. C. To protect the plants. D. To protect the buildings. 10. What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Save. B. Boil. C. Clean. D. Produce. 11. How does the writer support the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By explaining reasons. 12. What can be the best title for the text? A. Designing buildings B. Going green C. Recycling materials D. Using energy 【答案】9. A 10. A 11. B 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了绿色建筑的概念及其环保设计理念，重点说明了如何通过利用自然光、太阳能、风能、雨水收集和回收材料等方式实现节能环保，并列举了全球多个典型的绿色建筑实例。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light”可知，建筑师设计建筑物利用自然光是为了节约能源。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗涤池) and toilets that conserve water.”可知，为了节约用水，厨房和浴室的洗涤池和厕所应该是能节约用水的，“conserve”的意思是“节约”。故选A 。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段列举了澳大利亚墨尔本的CH2办公楼、英国伦敦的一个文化中心、美国加利福尼亚的科学院大楼以及泰国的一座寺庙等例子，可知作者通过举例子来支持该段的主要观点。故选B。 【12题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕“绿色建筑”展开，介绍了其环保设计理念、节能节水措施以及全球典型案例，最佳标题应为“走向绿色”。故选B。 D Interviewer: Cao Chenzhe, a student from Shanghai. Interviewee: Wu Zhongyin, a data annotator (数据注解者) at Baidu Cao: What do data annotators do? Wu: Data annotators are like teachers who help computers learn. They check pictures, words or sounds and tell the computer what they are by adding tags (标签). For example, they might look at a picture of a cat and say, “This is a cat.” This helps the computer learn to know when it sees cats in other pictures. There are more complex (复杂的) tags. If a patient asks about the situation of his or her heart disease, an AI’s answers might not be well-phrased or clear. Medical data annotators need to make these answers better and clearer. Through their work, they help to train and improve the AI’s response system. Cao: Do data annotators need high academic qualifications (学历)? Wu: The requirements (需求) for different data annotators are not the same. Simple tasks like pointing out all the flowers in a picture do not need high qualifications and can be done by anyone after training. For harder tasks, however, more professional and higher-educated data annotators are needed. Take the legal (法律的) field for example. AI can explain laws in a cold way. However, many legal matters are about people’s thoughts and feelings. That needs data annotators with professional knowledge to offer more thoughtful answers. Cao: What is the future of the data annotation profession? Wu: The role of the data annotator started with the development of AI, and progress in AI depends a lot on data annotation. As China’s AI industry grows rapidly, the need for data annotators will keep growing. There is a saying in the data annotation industry, “The more intelligence there is, the more human input (人力投入) is needed.” 13. What is the main job of a data annotator? A. To repair computers. B. To take pictures of cats. C. To write answers for patients. D. To teach computers by adding tags. 14. Higher-educated data annotators are needed in the legal field because _________. A. they have to train AI models in a cold way B. they don’t know people’s feelings and thoughts C. they can give a more thoughtful answer than AI D. they have to make laws and then explain them to people 15. What is the future of the data annotation profession like according to Wu? A. Unclear. B. Bright. C. Competitive. D. Doubtful. 16. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To advise us to become a data annotator. B. To help us know about the job of a data annotator. C. To guide us to meet the requirements of data annotators. D. To encourage us to make efforts for China’s AI industry. 【答案】13. D 14. C 15. B 16. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了百度数据标注员吴忠音接受采访时，向曹晨哲介绍了数据标注员的工作内容、不同领域对标注员的学历要求，以及该职业的发展前景，帮助读者了解这一新兴职业。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Data annotators are like teachers who help computers learn. They check pictures, words or sounds and tell the computer what they are by adding tags.”可知，数据标注员的主要工作是通过添加标签来教计算机识别内容。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“many legal matters are about people’s thoughts and feelings. That needs data annotators with professional knowledge to offer more thoughtful answers.”可知，法律领域需要高学历标注员是因为他们能提供比AI更周到的回答。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据“As China’s AI industry grows rapidly, the need for data annotators will keep growing.”可知，吴认为数据标注职业的前景是光明的。故选B。 16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文对话内容可知，本文主要目的是帮助读者了解数据标注员的工作内容。故选B。 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Doctors say anger can be very harmful, unless you learn how to deal with it. So what exactly do you know about anger? We all feel angry from time to time and express anger in some way. Some people express anger openly in a proper way. ____17____. But other people keep their anger inside. ____18____. They try not to show anger. But many doctors think it is more dangerous to a person's health than expressing anger. They say that when a person is angry, some hormones (荷尔蒙) come out of the brain. They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure or sugar into the blood, etc. As a result, the person feels excited and ready to act. So is there any way? Doctors say the way is learning how to deal with anger. They think the first step is to realize that you are angry and to know the real cause of the anger, then decide whether the cause is serious to you. If it is, they say, “____19____. You should wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself in a proper way.” Doctors say that another good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. ____20____. A. They can’t or will not express it. B. Do not express your anger while angry. C. Others cry with anger, and shout loudly. D. Humor can help you deal with anger better. E. When you are angry, you can shout at others. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的人对于愤怒的表达方式，以及正确处理愤怒的方式。 【17题详解】 根据“Some people express anger openly in a proper way.”可知，此处提到不同的人表达愤怒的方式，选项C“其他人愤怒地哭泣，并大声呼喊。”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“But other people keep their anger inside”可知，此处提到有些人把愤怒藏在心里，选项A“他们不能或不会表达出来。”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“You should wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself in a proper way.”可知，此处提到要等到你的愤怒冷静下来再适当处理，选项B“不要在生气的时候表达你的愤怒。”符合语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据“find humor in the situation that has made you angry”可知，此处提到找到幽默，选项D“幽默可以帮助你更好地处理愤怒。”符合语境。故选D。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 The Turtle was not satisfied with his life. He wanted so much to ____21____ being a turtle. “I’m tired of swimming about in the sea and moving around on the beach. Life is not ____22____,” he thought. “I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.” He spoke to the Eagle about it. “You’re not built for ____23____,” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don’t have any wings.” “Don’t ____24____ that,” answered the Turtle. “I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched ____25____ how they fly and do things in the air. I think I really got it. ____26____ I don’t have wings, I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air, the way I do in the water. Just get me up there, and you’ll see I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even ____27____! Besides, if you carry me as high as the clouds, I will bring you lots of nice pearls (珍珠) from the sea to show my thanks.” The Eagle ____28____ at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky. “Now then!” cried the Eagle. “Fly!” But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the ____29____. He fell like a stone, and on a stone he landed. He hit it with such force that he broke into little pieces. We need to ____30____ ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions. 21. A. continue B. stop C. try D. enjoy 22. A. interesting B. healthy C. busy D. hard 23. A. swimming B. running C. flying D. climbing 24. A. look after B. hear about C. prepare for D. worry about 25. A. quickly B. carefully C. strangely D. helplessly 26. A. Though B. Before C. Unless D. Until 27 A. better B. lower C. nearer D. earlier 28. A. refused B. agreed C. won D. left 29. A. tree B. house C. sky D. mountain 30. A. relax B. express C. teach D. understand 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍乌龟觉得生活很无趣，想要尝试飞翔，他让鹰把自己带到山上，但最终结果可想而知。故事告诉我们：我们需要更好地了解自己，这样我们才能做出更明智的决定。 【21题详解】 句意：他非常想不再做一只乌龟。 continue继续；stop停止；try尝试；enjoy欣赏。根据“The Turtle was not satisfied with his life.”可知，乌龟对自己的生活并不满意，所以他非常想不再做一只乌龟。故选B。 【22题详解】 句意：生活是无趣的。 interesting有趣的；healthy健康的；busy忙碌的；hard困难的。根据“I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.”可知，乌龟想能够像鹰一样在空中飞翔，所以乌龟是觉得生活很无趣，故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：你不是为飞行而生的。 swimming游泳；running跑；flying飞；climbing爬。根据“You don’t have any wings.”可知，鹰告诉乌龟他不是为飞行而生，故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：别担心。 look after照顾；hear about听说；prepare for准备；worry about担心。根据“I think I really got it.”可知，乌龟让鹰不要担心，故选D。 【25题详解】 句意：我仔细观察过它们是如何飞行和在空中做事情的。 quickly迅速地；carefully仔细地；strangely奇怪地；helplessly无助地。根据“I’ve watched...how they fly”可知，乌龟仔细观察过鸟儿如何飞行，故选B。 【26题详解】 句意：虽然我没有翅膀，但我可以让我的四个脚蹼像鸟的翅膀一样在空中运动，就像我在水里一样。 Though虽然；Before在之前；Unless除非；Until直到。前后两句构成让步关系，用Though引导让步状语从句，故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：只要把我抬上去，你就会看到我飞得和任何鸟一样好——甚至可能更好！ better更好；lower更低；nearer更近；earlier更早。根据“I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even...”可知，乌龟说自己甚至可能飞得更好，故选A。 【28题详解】 句意：鹰最后同意了，把乌龟抬上了天。 refused拒绝；agreed同意；won赢得；left离开。根据“and carried the Turtle up high into the sky”可知，鹰最后同意了，故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：但是当乌龟独自一人的时候，他从天上掉了下来。 tree树；house房子；sky天空；mountain山。根据“But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the...”可知，乌龟从天上掉了下来，故选C。 【30题详解】 句意：我们需要更好地了解自己，这样我们才能做出更明智的决定。 relax使放松；express表达；teach教；understand理解。根据“We need to...ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions.”可知，我们需要更好地了解自己，故选D。 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in ____31____ north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He ____32____ (give) it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in ____33____ (build) their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example. It ____34____ (go) around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the ____35____ (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, ____36____ it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city ____37____ a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best ____38____ (know) as a center for software research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other ____39____ (city). Xi’an is a city always remaking ____40____ (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 【答案】31. the 32. gave 33. building 34. goes 35. largest 36. but 37. with 38. known 39. cities 40. itself 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西安的历史地位、文化古迹以及在现代作为软件研究等中心的重要性，展现了这座城市在传承与发展中的独特魅力。 【31题详解】 句意：它位于中国的北方。in the north of是固定搭配，意为“在……的北方” ，表示方位时，north前要加定冠词the。故填the。 【32题详解】 句意：他给它取名为长安。本文讲述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，give的过去式是gave。故填gave。 【33题详解】 句意：韩国和日本在建造它们古代都城时以西安为榜样。in是介词，后接动词-ing形式，build的-ing形式是building。故填building。 【34题详解】 句意：它环绕着这座城市，是一处重要的文化遗址。本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词go要用第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 【35题详解】 句意：西安中心有钟楼——中国现存最大的钟楼。根据空前的定冠词the和“in China”可知，这里表示“最大的”，用large的最高级largest。故填largest。 【36题详解】 句意：这口钟最初被设计为紧急警报以警示危险，但它经常被用来告知人们时间。前后句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 【37题详解】 句意：虽然西安是一座历史悠久的城市，但它也是现代世界的重要组成部分。with表示“具有，带有”，with a long history意为“有着悠久的历史”，作后置定语修饰city。故填with。 【38题详解】 句意：它作为软件研究、开发和服务中心最为人所知。be known as是固定搭配，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填known。 【39题详解】 句意：从历史上看，西安一直是一座在艺术、工业和商业方面领先于许多其他城市的城市。other后接可数名词复数，city的复数形式是cities。故填cities。 【40题详解】 句意：西安是一座不断重塑自我并展望未来的城市，同时保留着过去的精华。remake的宾语与主语Xi’an指同一事物，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Once upon a time, a man named Lu Zhou owned a beautiful sword (剑) which had been passed down to him by his father. He was sure that the sword was valuable, he loved the sword so much that he always took it with him. One summer day, Lu Zhou traveled to visit his brother. When he was crossing a river by boat, the sword suddenly fell into the river. He was shocked and immediately marked the spot (地点), “This is where my sword fell. I will find it later.” Feeling confused (疑惑的), all the passengers wondered why he marked this spot here. When the boat reached the other side, the mam jumped into the water and started searching for his sword at the marked spot. The other passengers on the boat were even more confused and couldn't help asking him, “Why are you searching for your sword here? It fell into the river, not on the boat. The man replied nothing and continued searching. A few moments later, _________________________________________________________________________ 41. Who did Lu Zhou get his sword from? ___________________________ 42. Why did Lu Zhou mark the spot on the boat when his sword fell into the river? ___________________________ 43. What did Lu Zhou do when the boat reached the other side? ___________________________ 44. What would happen next? Finish the ending. Write 30 words or more. ___________________________ 【答案】41. His father. 42. Because he thought he could find his sword at the marked spot later. 43. He jumped into the water and started searching for his sword at the marked spot. 44. A few moments later one of the passengers couldn’t help but say, “Sir, the boat has moved since your sword fell into the water. The marked spot on the boat is no longer where your sword is. You’ll never find it there.” Lu Zhou paused, realizing his mistake, and finally gave up his search, feeling embarrassed and foolish. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了刻舟求剑的故事。 【41题详解】 根据“a man named Lu Zhou owned a beautiful sword (剑) which had been passed down to him by his father”可知，卢周的剑是他父亲传给他的。故填His father. 【42题详解】 根据“He was shocked and immediately marked the spot (地点), ‘This is where my sword fell. I will find it later.’”可知，卢周在船上标记了宝剑落水的位置，是因为他认为自己可以在那个位置找回宝剑，但他没有意识到船是移动的，而剑是静止的。故填Because he thought he could find his sword at the marked spot later. 【43题详解】 根据“When the boat reached the other side, the man jumped into the water and started searching for his sword at the marked spot”可知，当船到达对岸时，卢周跳入水中，在标记的位置开始寻找他的剑。故填He jumped into the water and started searching for his sword at the marked spot. 【44题详解】 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为A few moments later, one of the passengers couldn’t help but say, “Sir, the boat has moved since your sword fell into the water. The marked spot on the boat is no longer where your sword is. You’ll never find it there.” Lu Zhou paused, realizing his mistake, and finally gave up his search, feeling embarrassed and foolish. 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 辽阳市位于辽宁省中部，有着悠久的历史和优美的自然环境，最近几年变化也很大，吸引了越来越多的省内外游客。为提高辽阳市旅游热度，我市文旅局开展“我为辽阳代言”的短视频宣传比赛。假设你要参加这次活动，请为你的短视频写一篇宣传稿。 要求： （1）简单描述家乡基本情况； （2）介绍家乡近月、年变化； （3）表达你对家乡的情感和祝福。 注意： （1）词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Hello, everyone! Have you ever wanted to visit a place full of history and natural beauty? If so, you should come to my hometown, Liaoyang ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 【答案】例文 Hello, everyone! Have you ever wanted to visit a place full of history and natural beauty? If so, you should come to my hometown, Liaoyang. Located in central Liaoning, it has a rich history and beautiful scenery. In recent years, Liaoyang has changed a lot. It has developed many new parks and tourist spots. Modern facilities make traveling more convenient and fun. Besides, it attracts more visitors from all over the province and country. I love my hometown deeply. I’m so proud of its progress. I believe Liaoyang will become even better and welcome more friends in the future! That’s all. Thank you. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇宣传稿； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”和“现在完成时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步、承接已给的开头，简单描述家乡基本情况； 第二步、介绍家乡最新的变化； 第三步、表达自己对家乡的情感和祝福，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①located in位于 ②be proud of…为……感到骄傲 ③in the future未来 [高分句型] ① I believe Liaoyang will become even better and welcome more friends in the future!(宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度下学期期末质量监测 八年级英语试卷 （本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟） 考生注意：所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答，在本试卷上作答无效 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As summer comes, parents should know swimming pools can be a danger to their kids. Know the risks: 1. Drowning (溺水) is the leading cause of death for children at 1 to 4 years old, and the second leading cause of accidental death for children at 5 to 14 years old. 2. A child can drown in under 5 minutes—the time it takes to check a piece of news. 3. 19% of drowning happen when lifeguards (救生员) are around. What you can do: 1. Sign kids up (报名参加) for swimming lessons. This cuts down their risk of drowning by 90%. 2. If a child is missing, check the pool first. 92% of children who survive are found in two minutes. 3. Don’t depend on floats (浮板) or other pool toys to keep your kids safe. 1. Drowning is the leading cause of death for children at _________ years old. A. 3 B. 5 C. 10 D. 14 2. Swimming pools are dangerous for kids because _________. A. the swimming pools are crowded B. drowning can happen in a short time C. kids can’t look after themselves well D. there are no lifeguards near the pool 3. What can cut down the kids’ risk of drowning by 90%? A. Calling for help when in danger. B. No swimming with an empty stomach. C. Signing kids up for swimming lessons. D. Putting floats and other pool toys away. 4. The text is a _________. A diary B. letter C. notice D. story B Recently, I asked a seeing friend who had just walked in the woods what she had noticed. “Nothing special! ” she replied. How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me only through touch. If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be found by sight (视力)? And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes for just three days. On the first day, I should want to see the people who have made my life worth living and the books which have been read to me. In the afternoon, I should take a walk in the woods and admire the beauties of nature. That night, I should not be able to sleep. On my second day, I should go to the museums to see man’s progress. I should try to explore the spirit of man through his art. In the evening, I should spend at the movies. The following day, I should spend in the world of common people going about the business of life. At midnight permanent (永久的) night would close in on me again, and I should realize how much I had left unseen. I who am blind can give one suggestion to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be blind. The same is true of other senses. Hear the songs of birds, as if you would be deaf tomorrow. Smell the flowers, as if tomorrow you could never smell again... But of all the senses, I’m sure that sight must be the most pleasant. (Adapted from Three Days to See by Helen Keller) 5. What makes the writer start imagining the three days? A. Walking in the woods. B. Seeing natural beauty. C. Asking herself questions. D. Touching interesting things. 6. What does the writer want to do during the three days? A. Have a wonderful dream every day. B. Go to the movies on the second day. C. Succeed in business on the third day. D. Read books to people on the first day. 7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. A description of different senses. B. A method of living a pleasant life. C. Encouragement to the blind people. D. Advice to people without disabilities. 8. Which is the best structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, ...) A. B. C. D. C All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed (设计) in a way that is not harmful to the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. Architects can design buildings to use natural light. Buildings can also be made with solar or wind power to get energy from the sun or the wind. To save water, green buildings can have areas on the roofs to collect rainwater. Kitchens and bathrooms can have sinks (洗涤池) and toilets that conserve water. As for the materials used to build the building, it is important to use materials that do not have chemicals that are harmful to the air or water. Recycled materials can also be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use all three of these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power. A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Sciences building in California in the US has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled materials, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 9. Why do architects design buildings to use natural light? A. To save energy B. To save materials. C. To protect the plants. D. To protect the buildings. 10. What does the underlined word “conserve” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Save. B. Boil. C. Clean. D. Produce. 11. How does the writer support the main idea of Paragraph 3? A By asking questions. B. By giving examples. C. By listing numbers. D. By explaining reasons. 12. What can be the best title for the text? A. Designing buildings B. Going green C. Recycling materials D. Using energy D Interviewer: Cao Chenzhe, a student from Shanghai. Interviewee: Wu Zhongyin, a data annotator (数据注解者) at Baidu Cao: What do data annotators do? Wu: Data annotators are like teachers who help computers learn. They check pictures, words or sounds and tell the computer what they are by adding tags (标签). For example, they might look at a picture of a cat and say, “This is a cat.” This helps the computer learn to know when it sees cats in other pictures. There are more complex (复杂的) tags. If a patient asks about the situation of his or her heart disease, an AI’s answers might not be well-phrased or clear. Medical data annotators need to make these answers better and clearer. Through their work, they help to train and improve the AI’s response system. Cao: Do data annotators need high academic qualifications (学历)? Wu: The requirements (需求) for different data annotators are not the same. Simple tasks like pointing out all the flowers in a picture do not need high qualifications and can be done by anyone after training. For harder tasks, however, more professional and higher-educated data annotators are needed. Take the legal (法律的) field for example. AI can explain laws in a cold way. However, many legal matters are about people’s thoughts and feelings. That needs data annotators with professional knowledge to offer more thoughtful answers. Cao: What is the future of the data annotation profession? Wu: The role of the data annotator started with the development of AI, and progress in AI depends a lot on data annotation. As China’s AI industry grows rapidly, the need for data annotators will keep growing. There is a saying in the data annotation industry, “The more intelligence there is, the more human input (人力投入) is needed.” 13. What is the main job of a data annotator? A. To repair computers. B. To take pictures of cats. C. To write answers for patients. D. To teach computers by adding tags. 14. Higher-educated data annotators are needed in the legal field because _________. A. they have to train AI models in a cold way B. they don’t know people’s feelings and thoughts C. they can give a more thoughtful answer than AI D. they have to make laws and then explain them to people 15. What is the future of the data annotation profession like according to Wu? A. Unclear. B. Bright. C. Competitive. D. Doubtful. 16. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A. To advise us to become a data annotator. B. To help us know about the job of a data annotator. C. To guide us to meet the requirements of data annotators. D. To encourage us to make efforts for China’s AI industry. 第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Doctors say anger can be very harmful, unless you learn how to deal with it. So what exactly do you know about anger? We all feel angry from time to time and express anger in some way. Some people express anger openly in a proper way. ____17____. But other people keep their anger inside. ____18____. They try not to show anger. But many doctors think it is more dangerous to a person's health than expressing anger. They say that when a person is angry, some hormones (荷尔蒙) come out of the brain. They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure or sugar into the blood, etc. As a result, the person feels excited and ready to act. So is there any way? Doctors say the way is learning how to deal with anger. They think the first step is to realize that you are angry and to know the real cause of the anger, then decide whether the cause is serious to you. If it is, they say, “____19____. You should wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself in a proper way.” Doctors say that another good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. ____20____. A. They can’t or will not express it. B. Do not express your anger while angry. C. Others cry with anger, and shout loudly. D. Humor can help you deal with anger better. E. When you are angry, you can shout at others. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 The Turtle was not satisfied with his life. He wanted so much to ____21____ being a turtle. “I’m tired of swimming about in the sea and moving around on the beach. Life is not ____22____,” he thought. “I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.” He spoke to the Eagle about it. “You’re not built for ____23____,” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don’t have any wings.” “Don’t ____24____ that,” answered the Turtle. “I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched ____25____ how they fly and do things in the air. I think I really got it. ____26____ I don’t have wings, I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air, the way I do in the water. Just get me up there, and you’ll see I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even ____27____! Besides, if you carry me as high as the clouds, I will bring you lots of nice pearls (珍珠) from the sea to show my thanks.” The Eagle ____28____ at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky. “Now then!” cried the Eagle. “Fly!” But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the ____29____. He fell like a stone, and on a stone he landed. He hit it with such force that he broke into little pieces. We need to ____30____ ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions. 21. A. continue B. stop C. try D. enjoy 22. A. interesting B. healthy C. busy D. hard 23 A. swimming B. running C. flying D. climbing 24. A. look after B. hear about C. prepare for D. worry about 25. A. quickly B. carefully C. strangely D. helplessly 26. A. Though B. Before C. Unless D. Until 27. A. better B. lower C. nearer D. earlier 28. A. refused B. agreed C. won D. left 29. A. tree B. house C. sky D. mountain 30. A. relax B. express C. teach D. understand 第二部分 非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。 Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in ____31____ north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He ____32____ (give) it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in ____33____ (build) their ancient capitals. Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example. It ____34____ (go) around the city and is an important cultural site. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the ____35____ (large) bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, ____36____ it was very often used to tell people the time. While Xi’an is a city ____37____ a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best ____38____ (know) as a center for software research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other ____39____ (city). Xi’an is a city always remaking ____40____ (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Once upon a time, a man named Lu Zhou owned a beautiful sword (剑) which had been passed down to him by his father. He was sure that the sword was valuable, he loved the sword so much that he always took it with him. One summer day, Lu Zhou traveled to visit his brother. When he was crossing a river by boat, the sword suddenly fell into the river. He was shocked and immediately marked the spot (地点), “This is where my sword fell. I will find it later.” Feeling confused (疑惑的), all the passengers wondered why he marked this spot here. When the boat reached the other side, the mam jumped into the water and started searching for his sword at the marked spot. The other passengers on the boat were even more confused and couldn't help asking him, “Why are you searching for your sword here? It fell into the river, not on the boat. The man replied nothing and continued searching. A few moments later, _________________________________________________________________________ 41. Who did Lu Zhou get his sword from? ___________________________ 42. Why did Lu Zhou mark the spot on the boat when his sword fell into the river? ___________________________ 43. What did Lu Zhou do when the boat reached the other side? ___________________________ 44 What would happen next? Finish the ending. Write 30 words or more. ___________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 辽阳市位于辽宁省中部，有着悠久的历史和优美的自然环境，最近几年变化也很大，吸引了越来越多的省内外游客。为提高辽阳市旅游热度，我市文旅局开展“我为辽阳代言”的短视频宣传比赛。假设你要参加这次活动，请为你的短视频写一篇宣传稿。 要求： （1）简单描述家乡基本情况； （2）介绍家乡近月、年变化； （3）表达你对家乡情感和祝福。 注意： （1）词数80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； （3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 Hello, everyone! Have you ever wanted to visit a place full of history and natural beauty? If so, you should come to my hometown, Liaoyang ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$