Unit 2 Let's talk teens（知识清单）英语译林版2020必修第一册

Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 单词 1. nest n. 鸟窝；巢穴，窝 2. roof n. 屋顶，顶部 3. battle n. & vt. & vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争 4. argument n. 争吵，争论；论点→argue vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证 5. teenager n. 青少年 6. tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸→tense adj.紧张的 7. anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦急地→anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 8. rate n. 速度；率 vi. & vt. 评价，评估 9. shoot vi.& vt.(shot, shot)(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影 10. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 11. target n.(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt. 把……作为攻击目标；面向 12. anger n. 怒气，怒火→angry adj.生气的，愤怒的→angrily adv. 生气地，愤怒地 13. mental adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的→mentally adv. 精神上；智力上 14. desire n. & vt. 渴望，希望→desirable adj. 渴望的 15. struggle vi.& n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 16. breakdown n.(关系)破裂；故障 17. regular adj.频繁的；有规律的→regularly adv.定期地；有规律地 18. calm vt. 使平静，使镇静 adj. 镇静的，沉着的 19. view n. 看法；视线；景色 vt. 把……视为；观看 20. concern n. 担心，忧虑；关心 vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧→concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concerning prep. 关于；涉及 21. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 n. 常态，通常标准→normally adv. 通常；正常地→abnormal adj.不正常的，异常的；畸形的 22. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt. 强调，着重→stressed adj.焦虑不安的→stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的 23. editor n. 主编，编辑；剪辑师→edit v. 编辑 24. skin n. 皮肤；(兽)皮，毛皮 25. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术→designer n. 设计师 26. performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→perform vt.& vi. 表演；表现→performer n. 表演者；演员 27. expert n. 专家，行家 adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的 28. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的→unlikely adj. 不可能的 29. unique adj. 独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的 30. passive adj. 消极的，被动的 31. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→pressure n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 32. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv. 渴望地→eagerness n. 渴望 33. youth n. 青年时期；青春；(the youth)年轻人 34. adventure n. 冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 35. flexible adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 36. account n. 账户；描述；解释 vt. 认为是，视为 37. rent n. 租金 vi. & vt. 租用；出租 38. grocery n. 食品杂货；食品杂货店 39. secure adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得，得到；保卫→security n. 安全 40. gather vi. 聚集，集合 vt. 收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 41. graduate vi. & vt.毕业 n. 毕业生→graduation n. 毕业 42. emergency n. 突发事件，紧急情况 43. volunteer vi. & vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→voluntary adj. 志愿的 44. response n. 回复；反应，响应→respond vi. & vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应 45. figure n. 数字；人物；体形，身材 46. downtown adv. 在市中心，往市中心 47. operation n. 手术；运转，操作 48. scene n.(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 49. flat n. 公寓 adj.平坦的；瘪了的 49. teller n. 出纳员；叙述者 短语 1. see eye to eye with sb(on sth )(在某事上)与某人看法一致 2. shoot up快速长高，蹿个儿 3. calm down平静，镇静，安静 4. from one’s point of view从某人的角度、观点出发 5. think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 6. back down承认错误，认输 7. cheer up(使)变得高兴，振奋起来 8. be on sb’s back about sth 缠磨，烦扰 9. draw sth out of sth 提取，支取 10. look through浏览，翻阅 11. graduate from从……毕业 12. count out逐一数出 13. depend on/upon依靠 熟词生义 1. He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him. n. 地点,场所 2. It is worrying that the baby’s whole body is covered in small red spots. n. 粉刺 3. She was wearing a black skirt with white spots to attend the ball. n. 斑点 4. One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. v. 发现,认出 5. Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets，hitting a baseball，or throwing a football，preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. 射门，投篮 6. Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.(使)朝某个方向冲 7. All of the action scenes were shot using hand-held cameras. 摄影，拍摄 8. The American soldiers set up a machine gun and began to shoot the villagers. 射杀 9. This article gives an account of the three records based on the Dunhuang documents.n. 叙述，描述 10. He denied that he had given away the news to the press.n.新闻界 11. Looking at the flat tire，he was annoyed and didn’t know what to do next.adj. 瘪了的；撒了气的 句型 1.it作形式主语 It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. 平衡你不断发展的心理需求也是一个很头疼的问题。 2.although 引导让步状语从句 Although sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. 虽然有时一家人似乎不可能和睦相处, 但你可以采取行动来改善这种情况。 3.that 引导表语从句 The good news is that this stormy period will not last. 好消息就是这场风暴不会持续太久。 4. Whatever 引导状语从句 Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. 无论发生什么, 我们都知道我们还有“银行”可以依靠。 语法 简单句 1. SV句式: 主语+谓语(不及物动词) 2. SVA句式: 主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语 3. SVO句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 4. SVOA句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语 5. SVOO句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 6. SVOC句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 7. SVP句式: 主语+连系动词+表语 并列句 1.表示连接, 常用的有and、not only. . . but also、neither. . . nor等。 2.表示转折, 常用的有but、yet、still、however、while等。 3.表示选择, 常用的有or、or else、otherwise、either. . . or等。 4.表示原因, 常用for。 5.表示结果, 常用的有so、therefore。 复合句 1.连词 (1)从属连词: that(无词义), before(在……之前), whether(是否), after(在……之后), if(假如; 是否), since(既然; 自从), because(因为), as/so long as(只要), when(当……的时候), so that(以便) (2)连接代词: who, which, whom, what, whose等。 (3)连接副词: when, why, where, how (4)关系代词: who, which, whom, that, whose (5)关系副词: when, why, where 2.从句 (1) 名词性从句 (2) 定语从句 (3) 状语从句 一、词汇清单 知识点1 argument n. 争吵，争论；论点 【教材原句】Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.激烈的争论和冰冷的沉默在青少年和他们的父母之间很常见。(教材p16) 【拓展】 1) beyond argument 无可争辩 2)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事 argue for/against(doing) sth. 据理支持/反对(做)某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that...提出理由说明；主张…… 【写作佳句】Her argument for the trip is that it can broaden our horizons. 他支持这次旅行的理由是它可以开阔我们的视野。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1) It was funny that this kids spent more time arguing about/over the roles than playing games. 2) It’s an argument(argue) that every modern parent has had with their child; the battle to keep them away from the mobile phone. 3) We argued many ways to argue him into accepting(accept) your advice, but in vain. 同义句转换 Experts argue that wild animals(should) be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisement. →Experts hold the argument that wild animals(should) be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisement. 知识点2 anxious adj. 忧虑的, 担心的; 令人焦虑的; 渴望的 【教材原句】You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind. 你可能会感到焦虑, 因为你的发育速度与你的朋友不同, 你可能会身高飙升, 或者被远远甩在后面。(教材p16) 【拓展】 1)be anxious be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)…… be anxious that…(谓语动词用should+动词原形) 2)with anxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地；不安地 3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地；不安地 4)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 【写作佳句】The twins were anxious to cook a delicious breakfast for their mother. But after the first failure，they were so anxious that tears of anxiety rolled down their cheeks. 这对双胞胎渴望为妈妈做一顿美味的早餐。但是，第一次失败之后，他们是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. We are really concerned and anxious to learn(learn) about your updates.(2020·浙江7月) 2. He is waiting for the results with anxiety as if he were sitting on pins and needles. 3. Children usually feel a lot of anxiety(anxious) about their first day at school. 同义句转换 We waited with anxiety for the news of her safe arrival. →We waited anxiously(anxious) for the news of her safe arrival. 知识点3 spot n. 粉刺; 斑点; 污渍; 地点, 场所; 排名位置 vt. 发现, 认出 【教材原句】You might worry about your changing voice, weight problems or spots. 你可能会担心你的声音变化, 体重问题或斑点。(教材p16) 【拓展】 1)on the spot 　　　　当场; 在现场; 立即 2)spot sb. doing sth. 　 发现某人正在做某事 3)spotted adj. 有斑点的 be spotted with. . . 满是……的斑点; 点缀着 注意：spot作先行词，表示"地点，场所"时，若后面定语从句中的关系词在句中作地点状语，则关系词应用where。 【写作佳句】On her final run, which made Chinese spectators breathless, Gu Ailing took over top spot. 在她的最后一轮比赛中, 中国观众屏住了呼吸, 谷爱凌获得了冠军。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I spotted him watching(watch)the Spring Festival Gala on TV when I got home.   2. Tom took the police to the spot where the accident happened. 完成句子 那个年轻人是现场唯一的人，他被告知把他所看到的记录下来。 The young man who was the only person on the spot was told to set down what he saw. 知识点4 desire n. & vt. 渴望, 希望 【教材原句】You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents’ love and support. 你既对独立充满新的渴望, 又对父母的爱与支持抱有不断的需求。(教材p17) 【拓展】 1)have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物 2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do...渴望…… 【写作佳句】It’s our desire that you should provide some money to fund our program, as well as offer us some practical suggestions.我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，还能提供一些实用的建议。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. He has a strong desire for success though he has failed many times. 2. We always desire to live(live)in peace with our neighbors. 3. Reading satisfies my desires to keep(keep) learning. 4. It’s my desire that all the family members (should) gather(gather) at least once a year. 同义句转换 Each student in our class desires to go to a famous university. →Each student in our class has a strong desire to go to a famous university. 知识点5 struggle vi. & n. 奋斗; 斗争; 搏斗 【教材原句】On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient—sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. 另一方面, 当你努力控制自己的情感时, 你希望他们能更加体贴, 更有耐心——有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。(教材p17) 【拓展】 1)struggle with/against sb. /sth. 与某人/某物斗争 struggle for sth. 为某事奋斗 struggle to do sth. 挣扎着做某事 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 2)a struggle for/with/against. . . 与……的斗争 be a struggle(for sb. )(对某人而言)是困难(费劲)的事 【写作佳句】Our Party’s struggle for providing the people with happiness will develop onto a new stage. 我们党为人民谋幸福的斗争将发展到一个新的阶段。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. My brother has struggled against/with the disease for two years.   2. He struggled to overcome(overcome) his shortcomings. 完成句子 玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。 Bravely, Mary struggled to her feet, and fought against the wind and rain beating against her. 知识点6 view n. 看法; 景色; 视线 vt. 观看; 把……视为 【教材原句】When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. (教材p17) 【拓展】 1)from one’s point of view = in one’s view 从某人的角度、观点出发 come into view　　　看得见; 进入视野 have a good view of 清楚地看到; 饱览 point of view 观点 in view of 鉴于, 考虑到 in view 在视野之内 2)view. . . as. . . 把……看作…… 【写作佳句】In my view/From my point of view, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.  在我看来, 我更喜欢长江之旅, 长江是中国最长的河流, 也是中华文明的母亲河之一。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. In my views, there is no need to care too much about your clothes. 2. When the car was first built, the design was viewed as highly original. 3. She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town. 4. 完成句子 我们一登上山顶，下面辽阔的平原进入了视野。 When we reached the top of the mountain, a wide plain below came into view. 知识点7 concern n. 担心, 忧虑; 关心 vt. 涉及; 让(某人)担忧 【教材原句】After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. 在你全面考虑之后, 冷静地解释你的行为和感受, 仔细倾听, 并设法消除他们的顾虑。(教材p2) 【拓展】 1) show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心、担心 2)concern oneself with/in/about sth. 忙于某事/关心某事/参与某事 3) concerned adj. 担心的; 有关的 as far as. . . be concerned 就……而言 be concerned about. . . / that. . . 关心……; 担心…… 4)concerning prep. 关于; 涉及 【写作佳句】What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held in two weeks，so I have to make preparations for it. 让我担心的是我的期末考试将在两周后举行，所以我得为它做准备。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. She showed a great deal of concern for her son’s illness. 2. She concerns herself(oneself) with social welfare service.   3. As far as I’m concerned(concern), I don’t object to your decision.   完成句子 整个社会都要关心残疾儿童。 The whole society should show concern for handicapped children. 知识点8 stress n. 精神压力, 紧张; 强调　vt. 强调, 着重 【教材原句】Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child tensions create, and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship. 只要记住, 无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的, 并且你和父母可以共同努力, 改善关系。(教材p2) 【拓展】 (1)under stress　　　　　在压力之下 lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调某事物 (2)stress the importance of. . . 强调……的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力大的(常修饰物) stressed adj. 焦虑的, 紧张的(常修饰人) 【写作佳句】What I intend to stress is that our group is looking for new members and I would like to invite you to join. 我想要强调的是我们团队正在招收新成员，我想邀请你加入。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. 2. Father always puts a lot of stress on good table manners. 3. It's a very stressful(stress) situation for everyone concerned. 完成句子 英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。 The English teacher stressed the importance of learning English well. 知识点9 design vt. 设计; 制订　n. 设计; 设计艺术 【教材原句】So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 所以, 我们设计了青少年健康网站来帮助你步入成年。(教材p20) 【拓展】 1)design sb. /sth. for 打算让某人从事/为……设计某物 be designed for/to do 被设计用于做; 目的是 2)by design 故意地, 蓄意地 3)designer n. 设计者 【写作佳句】She arrived just as we were leaving, but I’m not sure whether this was by accident or by design. 当我们要离开的时候她到了。但是我怀疑这件事是偶然还是故意。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. As far as I know, this film is designed for the children. 2. The weekend party was designed to bring(bring) the two old men together. 同义句转换 The programme is set up to help people who have been out of work for a long time. →The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time. 知识点10 likely adj. 可能的, 预料的, 有希望的 【教材原句】It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum. 这件事很可能已经在我们的论坛上讨论过了。(教材p20) 【拓展】 (1)be likely to do　　可能做…… It is likely that. . . 有可能…… (2)unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的 【写作佳句】If you join us in the team，we are likely to win the game.如果你加入我们的队伍，我们很可能赢得比赛。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. It’s nearly nine o’clock and the teacher is likely to walk(walk) into the classroom at any moment. 2. Is it likely that we will hand in the paper the day after tomorrow? 句式升级 The weather is likely to be fine tomorrow. →It’s likely that the weather will be fine tomorrow.(it 为形式主语) 知识点11 eager adj. 热切的, 渴望的, 渴求的 【教材原句】I’m eager for my parents’ love. 我渴望得到父母的爱。(教材p22) 【拓展】 (1)eager to do 　　　渴望做……; 急欲做…… be eager for/about. . . 渴望…… be too eager to 太渴望(不表示否定) (2)eagerly adv. 急切地; 渴望地; 热心地 (3)eagerness n. 渴望; 热心 【写作佳句】She’s healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. 她健康强壮, 渴望玩耍和探索。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. She’s healthy, strong and already eager to play(play)and explore. 2. Children in the village are eager for knowledge. 3. I was deeply touched by their eagerness(eager) to learn. 4. Eagerly(eager) we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. 完成句子 He is eager/ dying/ anxious to learn(渴望了解)more about Chinese culture. 知识点12 performance n. 表演；演奏 【教材原句】Right now, it’s just making you anxious and having a bad influence on your performance. 现在，这只是爱使你焦虑并且对你的表现造成不好的影响。(教材p21) 【拓展】 1) performance n. 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行 give/put on a performance 演出；表演 2) perform vt. & vi. 履行，执行；表演，演出；表现；运转；做 perform a role in… 在……起作用 perform one's duty/promise 履行职责/诺言 perform an experiment/operation　 做实验/手术 3) performer n. 执行者；表演者，演奏者；能手 【写作佳句】On National Day, our class put on a wonderful performance，having a good time. 国庆节那天，我们班做了精彩的表演,玩得非常开心。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. It is said that he will give a performance(perform) in our city next month. 2. Let’s have a good round of applause for the next performer(perform). 3. She performs an important role in our organization. 完成句子 你最好履行你按时完成任务的承诺。 You’d better perform your promise that you have to finish your task on time. 知识点13 account n. 账户; 描述; 解释 vt. 认为是, 视为 【教材原句】We were all so proud of Mama’s Bank Account. 我们都为妈妈的银行账户感到骄傲。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)account for　　　　　　是……的原因; 解释; 说明; 占……(比例) 2)take account of. . . /take. . . into account考虑…… on account of=because of 因为 on no account =in no way 决不 【写作佳句】We should take his health into account and then make a decision. 我们应该先考虑他的健康状况，然后再做决定。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. His illness accounts for his absence from the meeting. 2. In English law a person is accounted(account) innocent until he is proved guilty. 3. She retired early on account of ill health. 同义句转换 Visitors are on no account allowed to feed animals in the wildlife park. →On no account are visitors allowed to feed animals in the wildlife park. 知识点14 volunteer vi. & vt. 自愿做, 义务做; 主动建议(或告诉) n. 志愿者 【教材原句】“I will work in Dillon’s grocery after school, ”Nels volunteered. “放学后我会在狄龙杂货店工作, ”内尔斯自告奋勇地说。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 volunteer for sth. 自愿做某事 2)voluntary adj. 自愿的; 志愿的; 自发的 【写作佳句】The couple often volunteer to take part in activities helping those in trouble. 这对夫妇经常自愿参加帮助有困难的人的活动。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 ①Several staff members volunteered for early retirement. ②He volunteered his services as a driver. ③The girl replaced her brother as a volunteer to take part in the sports event. ④In our spare time, we should do some voluntary(volunteer) work. 知识点15 rent n. 租金　vi. & vt. 租用; 出租 【教材原句】“For the rent. ” Mama would count out the big silver pieces. “这些付房租。”妈妈会先把大面额的银币点出来。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)pay the rent　　　　付租金 for rent 出租, 招租 2)rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth.(out) to sb. 出租某物给某人 3)rented adj. 租用的, 租借的 【经典练】 单句语法填空 ①Some farmers rent their land from the local government. ②Houses here rent for at least $2, 500 a week. ③We had moved into a rented(rent)house. 知识点16 graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生 【教材原句】When Nels graduated from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. “It will cost a little money,” he said. 当内尔斯从语法学校毕业后, 他想继续读高中。“上学要花点儿钱, ”他说。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)graduate from. . . 　　毕业于……学校 graduate in 毕业于……专业 2)a university graduate 一名大学毕业生 【写作佳句】College students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始生活之旅之前为自己加油助威。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. My daughter will graduate from college next week and she is now busy finding a job. 2. Many boys and girls go to college after their graduation(graduate) from high school. 3. Tom has just graduated(graduate)in psychology with first-class honours. 二、语法清单 简单句、并列句、主从复合句 【感知·语法规律】 判断下列句子的句子类型并进行分类那些是简单句，哪些是并列句，哪些是复合句。 1. We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult. 2. So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 3. Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health. 4. You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem. 5. It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry. 6. You can visit the “teen health” forum on our website instead. 7. We are proud to say this forum is the heart of our website. 8. Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users. 简单句： 2,3,4,6 并列句：5, 8 复合句：1, 7 【精讲·语法知识】 一、 简单句的句型结构 (1)主谓结构(SV) 在此句式中, V是不及物动词(vi. )。 (2)主系表结构(SVP) 在此句式中, V是系动词(link v. ), 常见的系动词有look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, fall, stand, become, turn等。 (3)主谓宾结构(SVO) 在此句式中, V是及物动词(vt. ), 后接宾语。 (4)主谓双宾结构(SVOO) 在此句式中, V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见带双宾语的动词有give, ask, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn等。①间接宾语可以紧接动词之后, 也可以用to后置。②间接宾语可以紧接动词之后, 也可以用for后置。 (5)主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC) 在此句式中, 常作宾语补足语的词汇有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。 【经典练】　 分析句子成分并写出基本句型 A. 主谓结构     B. 主谓宾结构    C. 主系表结构     D. 主谓宾宾结构 E. 主谓宾宾补结构     F. 主谓状结构     G. 主谓宾状结构    H. There be 句型 1. We must act. 2. I miss my grandma. 3. He talked too much. 4. He told us a funny story. 5. The teacher was kind and friendly. 6. There’s is a lot to explore at senior high. 7. Tim and his classmates are living on a ship. 8. I had my first maths class at senior high school. 9. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 10. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea. 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. F 4. D 5. C 6. H 7. F 8. G 9. E 10. C 【解析】 1. 考查句子结构。句意：我们必须采取行动。We“我们”是主语，must act“必须行动”是谓语，此句是主谓结构。故填A。 2. 考查句子结构。句意：我想念我的奶奶。I“我”是主语，miss“想念”是谓语，my grandma“我的奶奶”是宾语，此句是主谓宾结构。故填B。 3. 考查句子结构。句意：他说话太多了。He“他”是主语，talked“说”是谓语，too much“太多”是副词短语作状语，修饰谓语talked，此句是主谓状结构。故填F。 4. 考查句子结构。句意：他给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。He“他”是主语，told“告诉”是谓语，us“我们”是间接宾语，a funny story“一个有趣的故事”是直接宾语，此句是主谓宾宾结构。故填D。 5. 考查句子结构。句意：老师很和蔼友善。The teacher“老师”是主语，was是系动词，形容词短语kind and friendly“和蔼友善的”是表语，此句是主系表结构，故填C。 6. 考查句子结构。句意：在高中有很多值得探索的东西。此句是There be句型，表示“有……”，主语是a lot“很多事物”，不定式短语to explore是后置定语，修饰主语a lot，at senior high“在高中”是介词短语作地点状语。故填H。 7. 考查句子结构。句意：蒂姆和他的同学们住在一艘船上。Tim and his classmates“蒂姆和他的同学”是主语，are living“正在居住”是谓语，介词短语on a ship“在一艘船上”是地点状语，此句是主谓状结构。故填F。 8. 考查句子结构。句意：我在高中上了第一节数学课。I“我”是主语，had“有”是谓语，my first maths class“我的第一节数学课”是宾语，介词短语at senior high school“在高中”是地点状语，此句是主谓宾状结构。故填G。 9. 考查句子结构。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好且乐于助人。I“我”是主语，found“发现”是谓语，most of my classmates and teachers“我的大多数同学和老师”是宾语，形容词短语friendly and helpful“友好且乐于助人的”是宾语补足语，此句是主谓宾宾补结构。故填E。 10. 考查句子结构。句意：当你在海上时，学习和做作业似乎变得更加有趣。动名词短语Studying and doing homework“学习和做作业”是主语，seem“似乎”是系动词，much more fun“更有趣”是表语，when you are at sea“当你在海上时”是时间状语从句，此句是主系表结构。故填C。 二、并列句 1.结构 并列句中的各个简单句通常用并列连词连接起来。并列连词之前可用逗号, 也可不用逗号(但however、therefore、otherwise等并列连词前后都常有逗号)。常见的并列句结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。 2. 并列连词 并列连词(或连接副词)根据不同含义, 分为如下几类: (1)表示连接, 常用的有and、not only. . . but also、neither. . . nor等。 (2)表示转折, 常用的有but、yet、still、however、while等。 (3)表示选择, 常用的有or、or else、otherwise、either. . . or等。 (4)表示原因, 常用for。 (5)表示结果, 常用的有so、therefore。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The horse, resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这匹马，无论是在休息还是在运动，都给了他很多灵感。固定搭配whether...or...意为“无论是……还是……”符合题意。故填whether。 2. We insure against all damage, accidental otherwise. 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们承保一切损坏，无论是意外还是其他原因造成的。or otherwise是固定短语，意为“或相反，或其反面”，和accidental构成选择关系。故填or。 3. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm is located at Roma Street station. 【答案】and 【详解】考查连词。句意：失物招领处的办公时间为周一至周五上午7:30至下午5:00，位于罗马街站。前后两个句子是并列关系，都在描述失物招领处的相关信息，所以用and连接。故填and。 4. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home the rise in weight problem. 【答案】and 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：研究人员发现，在外就餐次数的增加与体重问题的上升之间存在直接联系。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配“a link between... and...”，意为“……与……之间的联系”，所以此处使用并列连词and。故填and。 5. I’m not outgoing I’m a little anxious right now. 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意：我不太爱与人交往，所以此刻我有点儿紧张。此处前后文为因果关系，应用连词so。故填so。 6. Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful. 【答案】or 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：无论是出于热爱和兴趣，还是出于帮助听力障碍者的愿望，亦或是仅仅因为在生病等情况下说话困难，手语都能发挥极大的作用。根据“Whether it’s out of love and interest”及句意可推知，此处用whether… or…固定结构，引导包含选择范围的让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”，空处应用or构成该结构。故填or。 7. The point guard is a key player, it was like he wasn’t even on the court! 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：控球后卫是一个关键球员，但就像他根本不在场上一样！根据句意可知，前半句提到 “The point guard is a key player”(控球后卫是关键球员)，后半句说“it was like he wasn’t even on the court”(好像他根本不在球场上)，前后句之间是转折关系，所以用but连接。故填but。 8. Parents always think we may have difficulty in daily life, they help us a lot. 【答案】so/ and 9. It was ten in the morning, the curtains were still closed. 【答案】but 10. There is not enough room (swing) a cat in my small apartment, I don’t cook very often. 【答案】to swing; so 【详解】考查非谓语动词和连词。句意：我的小公寓里连转个身的空间都没有，所以我不经常做饭。第一空作后置定语，需用动词不定式；第二空需填连词，因为“小公寓里连转个身的空间都没有”，所以“不经常做饭”，上下文为因果关系，且下文表示结果，应用连词so连接。故填①to swing；②so。 三、主从复合句 1. 结构 从句不能独立成为一个句子, 虽然它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句通常由关联词引导, 并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是关联词+主语+谓语。 2. 连词 (1)从属连词: that(无词义), before(在……之前), whether(是否), after(在……之后), if(假如; 是否), since(既然; 自从), because(因为), as/so long as(只要), when(当……的时候), so that(以便) (2)连接代词: who, which, whom, what, whose等。 (3)连接副词: when, why, where, how (4)关系代词: who, which, whom, that, whose (5)关系副词: when, why, where 3. 从句的作用和种类 从句在复合句中, 可作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等, 因此, 可分为六类: 即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 【经典练】 Ⅰ单句语法填空 1. The police set off to search for the lost boy (immediate) they got the call. 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查连词。句意：警察接到电话后立即出发去寻找走失的男孩。空格处用连词immediately表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。故填immediately。 2. An (estimate) 1.3 million people died in road traffic crashes (globe) every year, driver error is responsible for more than 90 per cent of them. 【答案】estimated; globlly; while 【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意：每年全球大约有130万人死于道路交通事故，其中90%以上是由于驾驶员失误造成的。第一个空需要填estimate的形容词形式estimated，修饰后面名词短语1.3 million people。第二个空需要填globe的副词形式globally，修饰动词died作状语，第三个空需要填写连词，连接两个句子，表示转折对比用连词while。故填①estimated②globally③while。 3. Whether you’re a professional athlete keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you. 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：无论您是专业运动员还是运动爱好者，DX运动腕表都是您的理想选择。whether...or...无论是……还是……。为固定搭配，引导让步状语从句。故填or。 4. But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well out the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away. 【答案】before 【详解】考查连词。句意：但是，大鱼还不曾游到船边，他便使尽平生力气，拼命拉扯，大鱼被拉歪了一点，不久又浮正，游开。分析句子逻辑，“starting it well out”(开始行动)和“the fish came alongside”(鱼游到旁边)存在时间先后关系，根据语境可知是在鱼游到旁边这个时间点之前就开始行动，所以需要一个表示“在……之前”的连词。用连词“before”引导时间状语从句，表达的时间顺序和逻辑关系。故填before。 5. It is three month I graduated. 【答案】since 【详解】考查连词。句意：我毕业已经三个月了。设空处后为一般过去时，句子的结构为：It is+一段时间 +since+过去的时间，表示“自从……已经……时间了”。故填since。 6. the old saying goes, “ Where there is will, there is a way.” 【答案】As 【详解】考查连词。句意：俗话说：“有志者，事竟成。”此处为固定句型as the old saying goes表示“俗话说，正如老话所说”，符合句意，句首字母大写。故填As。 7. Whether you will succeed fail, we will always be on your side. 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：无论你成功还是失败，我们都会永远支持你。“whether…or…”是固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。故填or。 8. or not we are successful, we can be sure that we did our best. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查让步状语从句的引导词。句意：不管我们是否成功，我们可以肯定我们已经尽力了。根据句意“不管我们是否成功”可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，whether or not 表示“不管，无论”，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Whether。 9. It is an interesting story and one can’t put it down he has finished reading it. 【答案】until/till 【详解】考查连词。句意：这是一个有趣的故事，只要一读就停不下来。根据句意和空格前的can't可知，空格处应该填入连词引导时间状语从句，且意义为“直到……”，所以用连词until或till。故填until/till。 10. The boy burst into tears (immediate) he saw his mother. 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查连词。句意：男孩一见到他的妈妈就突然大哭起来。根据空后he saw his mother可知，空处需填连词immediately，表示“一……就”，符合语境。故填immediately。 Ⅱ判断下列各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句 1. To lose weight，she decided to work out every day. 2. Stand over there and you’ll be able to have a better view of the oil painting. 3. We all want it to accept and love ourselves, but at times it seems too difficult. 4. After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles. 5. Li Hua and Wang Lin like drawing and they often draw pictures for the wall newspapers. 6. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 7. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 8. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? 9. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. 10. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 11. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 12. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 13. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? 14. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 15. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 【答案】 1. 简单句 2. 并列句 3. 并列句 4. 复合句 5. 并列句 6. 简单句 7. 主从复合句 8. 简单句 9. 简单句 10. 并列句 11. 主从复合句 12. 并列句 13. 主从复合句 14. 简单句 15. 简单句 【解析】 1. 考查简单句。句意：为了减肥，她决定每天锻炼。“To lose weight”为状语，句子的主语为She；谓语动词为decided；to work out为宾语；every day为状语。所以本句为简单句。故填简单句。 2. 考查并列句。句意：站在那边，你可以把油画看得更清楚。“Stand over there”与“you’ll be able to have a better view of the oil painting”为并列关系，连词为and，所以本句为并列句。故填并列句。 3. 考查并列句。句意：我们都希望它能接受和爱我们自己，但有时这似乎太难了。“We all want it to accept and love ourselves”与“at times it seems too difficult”为转折关系，并列连词为but。所以为并列句。故填并列句。 4. 考查复合句。句意：学生们都进了化学实验室后，老师拿出三个瓶子。“After the students were all in the chemistry lab”与“the teacher brought out three bottles”为先后关系，连词为after，所以为after引导的时间状语从句。所以本句为复合句。故填复合句。 5. 考查并列句。句意：李华和王林喜欢画画，他们经常为墙报画画。“Li Hua and Wang Lin like drawing“与“they often draw pictures for the wall newspapers”为并列关系，并列连词为and。故填并列句。 6. 考查简单句。句意：我们经常在星期五下午学习中国历史。“We”为主语，“often”为状语；“study”为谓语；“Chinese history”为宾语；“on Friday afternoon”为状语。所以本句为主谓宾结构，为简单句。故填简单句。 7. 考查复合句。句意：给我让座的那个男孩叫汤姆。句子的主语为The boy；谓语为is called；宾语为Tom；who offered me his sea为定语从句修饰主语。所以本句为主从复合句。故填主从复合句。 8. 考查简单句。句意：这个房间里有一把椅子，是吗?“There is a chair in this room”为there be句型；“isn’t there?”为疑问部分，所以为简单句。故填简单句。 9. 考查简单句。句意：我哥哥和我早上七点半去上学，晚上七点回家。“My brother and I”为主语，“go”为谓语“to school”为宾语；“at half past seven in the morning”为状语，“come back”为并列谓语，“home”宾语；“at seven in the evening”为状语。所以本句为简单句。故填简单句。 10. 考查并列句。句意：他在一班我在二班。“He is in Class One.”与“I am in Class Two”为并列关系，并列连词为and。故填并列句。 11. 考查主从复合句。句意：他还是个孩子的时候就喜欢画画。“He was fond of drawing”为句子的主句；“when he was yet a child.”为从句；所以本句为主从复合句，连接词为when。故填主从复合句。 12. 考查并列句。句意：他既没有改变主意，也不会改变。“has he changed his mind”与“will he do so.”为并列关系，连接词为neither … nor…。故填并列句。 13. 考查主从复合句。句意：他在会上说的话很重要，是吗?“What he said at the meeting”为句子的主语，what引导的主语从句，“is”为系动词，“important”为表语，所以本句为主从复合句。故填主从复合句。 14. 考查简单句。句意：农民正在教那个男孩怎样种树。“The farmer”为主语，“is showing”为谓语，“the boy how to plant a tree”为双宾语；所以本句为简单句。故填简单句。 15. 考查简单句。句意：汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。“Both Tom and Jack ”为主语；“enjoy”为谓语；“country music”为宾语，所以本句为简单句。故填简单句。 三、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 本单元的写作任务主要就青少年生活、心理健康等问题提出建议，即建议信。建议信是写信人向收信人就某事提出的建议或忠告的一种文体。第一段：表明写作意图，陈述事由。第二段：首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。第三段：对提出的建议进行总结，展望建议被采纳后的良好结果并表达希望。 【积累·写作素材】 (1) 建议信开头常用句式 ①I am sorry to know that you are worried about the coming exam. 了解到你对即将到来的考试很担心我很难过。 ②I’m glad that you are getting along well with your study. 我很高兴你的学业进展顺利。 ③You asked me in your letter how to get along with your deskmate. 你在信中问我如何与你的同桌相处。 (2)表达建议常用句式 ①You don’t have to worry about it. 你不必为此事担心。 ②First of all, try to invite some of your good friends to take part in after-class activities. 首先, 尽量邀请你的一些好朋友参加课外活动。 ③What’s more, help others when they’re in trouble. 另外, 当别人有困难时帮助他们。 ④In my opinion, you should try to calm down and find a chance to talk with her. 依我看来, 你应该试着冷静下来, 找机会与她谈谈。 (3)建议信结尾常用句式 ①I hope these suggestions will help you. 我希望这些建议对你有所帮助。 ②I’m sure everything will turn out all right. 我确信一切都会好的。 ③I hope everything goes well with you. 我希望你万事如意。 【示例·分步写作】 假如你是李华，你的好朋友Mary因不知如何在新学校里结交新朋友而感到苦恼。请你根据下面的提示写一封建议信。 1. 表示理解与同情； 2. 提出建议； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意：1.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 应用文-建议信(高中生活) 人称 以第一人称为主 时态 一般现在时为主 框架 第一段：引入话题。 第二段：具体建议。 第三段：祝愿 第二步：要点翻译 1. 词汇翻译 1. 担心/担忧……be anxious about 2. 青少年 teenager 3. 做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth 4. 没有必要做某事 There is no need to do sth 5. 和……交流 communicate with 6. 接受某人的建议 take sb’s advice 2. 句子翻译 1. 没有必要担心结交新朋友。 There is no need to be anxious about making new friends. 2. 许多青少年发现他们在新环境中遇到同样的情况。 Many teenagers find they meet the same situation in a new environment. 3. 我想给你一些关于如何结交新朋友的建议。 I’d like to give you some advice on how to make new friends. 第三步：词句升级 用原因状语从句合并句1、2。 There is no need to be anxious about making new friends, because many teenagers find they meet the same situation in a new environment. 第四步：连句成篇 Dear Mary, I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble making new friends in your new school. There is no need to be anxious about making new friends, because many teenagers find they meet the same situation in a new environment. I’d like to give you some advice on how to make new friends. The problem is easy to solve, if you take my advice. First of all, communicate with your classmates more often. As it may help you develop a close relationship with them. Besides, why not join in activities and discussions held in your class? If you do this, you can make friends easily. Last but not least, it is a good idea to help others whenever possible. Hope my advice will be of great help to you. Yours, Li Hua ( 12 / 21 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 单词 1. ________n. 鸟窝；巢穴，窝 2. ________n. 屋顶，顶部 3. ________n. & vt. & vi.争论；战斗，搏斗；斗争 4. ________n. 争吵，争论；论点→________vi.争吵，争辩，争论 vt.说理，论证 5. ________n. 青少年 6. ________n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸→________adj.紧张的 7. ________adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的→________adv.焦急地→________n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 8. ________n. 速度；率 vi. & vt. 评价，评估 9. ________vi.& vt.(shot, shot)(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影 10. ________n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 11. ________n.(攻击的)目标，对象；靶子 vt. 把……作为攻击目标；面向 12. ________n. 怒气，怒火→________adj.生气的，愤怒的→________adv. 生气地，愤怒地 13. ________adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的→________adv. 精神上；智力上 14. ________n. & vt. 渴望，希望→________adj. 渴望的 15. ________vi.& n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 16. ________n.(关系)破裂；故障 17. ________adj.频繁的；有规律的→________adv.定期地；有规律地 18. ________vt. 使平静，使镇静 adj. 镇静的，沉着的 19. ________n. 看法；视线；景色 vt. 把……视为；观看 20. ________n. 担心，忧虑；关心 vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧→________adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→________prep. 关于；涉及 21. ________adj. 正常的，一般的 n. 常态，通常标准→________adv. 通常；正常地→________adj.不正常的，异常的；畸形的 22. ________n. 精神压力，紧张；强调 vt. 强调，着重→________adj.焦虑不安的→________adj. 产生压力的；紧张的 23. ________n. 主编，编辑；剪辑师→________v. 编辑 24. ________n. 皮肤；(兽)皮，毛皮 25. ________vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术→________n. 设计师 26. ________n. 表现；表演；执行，履行→________vt.& vi. 表演；表现→________n. 表演者；演员 27. ________n. 专家，行家 adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的 28. ________adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的→________adj. 不可能的 29. ________adj. 独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的 30. ________adj. 消极的，被动的 31. ________vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界→________n. 心理压力，紧张；压力；要求，催促 32. ________adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的→________adv. 渴望地→________n. 渴望 33. ________n. 青年时期；青春；(the youth)年轻人 34. ________n. 冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 35. ________adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 36. ________n. 账户；描述；解释 vt. 认为是，视为 37. ________n. 租金 vi. & vt. 租用；出租 38. ________ n. 食品杂货；食品杂货店 39. ________adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得，得到；保卫→________n. 安全 40. ________vi. 聚集，集合 vt. 收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 41. ________vi. & vt.毕业 n. 毕业生→________n. 毕业 42. ________n. 突发事件，紧急情况 43. ________vi. & vt.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做 n. 志愿者→________adj. 志愿的 44. ________n. 回复；反应，响应→________vi. & vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应 45. ________n. 数字；人物；体形，身材 46. ________adv. 在市中心，往市中心 47. ________n. 手术；运转，操作 48. ________n.(戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 49. ________n. 公寓 adj.平坦的；瘪了的 49. ________n. 出纳员；叙述者 短语 1. ________________(在某事上)与某人看法一致 2. ________________快速长高，蹿个儿 3. ________________平静，镇静，安静 4. ________________从某人的角度、观点出发 5. ________________充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 6. ________________承认错误，认输 7. ________________(使)变得高兴，振奋起来 8. ________________缠磨，烦扰 9. ________________提取，支取 10. ________________浏览，翻阅 11. ________________从……毕业 12. ________________逐一数出 13. ________________依靠 熟词生义 1. He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him. ________ 2. It is worrying that the baby’s whole body is covered in small red spots. ________ 3. She was wearing a black skirt with white spots to attend the ball. ________ 4. One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land. ________ 5. Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball，or throwing a football，preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. ________ 6. Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. ________ 7. All of the action scenes were shot using hand-held cameras. ________ 8. The American soldiers set up a machine gun and began to shoot the villagers. ________ 9. This article gives an account of the three records based on the Dunhuang documents. ________ 10. He denied that he had given away the news to the press. ________ 11. Looking at the flat tire，he was annoyed and didn’t know what to do next. ________ 句型 1.it作形式主语 ________________________ your developing mental needs too. 平衡你不断发展的心理需求也是一个很头疼的问题。 2.although 引导让步状语从句 ________________________, you can take action to improve the situation. 虽然有时一家人似乎不可能和睦相处, 但你可以采取行动来改善这种情况。 3.that 引导表语从句 The good news is ________________________. 好消息就是这场风暴不会持续太久。 4. Whatever 引导状语从句 ________________________, we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. 无论发生什么, 我们都知道我们还有“银行”可以依靠。 语法 简单句 1. SV句式: 主语+谓语(不及物动词) 2. SVA句式: 主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语 3. SVO句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 4. SVOA句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+状语 5. SVOO句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 6. SVOC句式: 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 7. SVP句式: 主语+连系动词+表语 并列句 1.表示连接, 常用的有and、not only. . . but also、neither. . . nor等。 2.表示转折, 常用的有but、yet、still、however、while等。 3.表示选择, 常用的有or、or else、otherwise、either. . . or等。 4.表示原因, 常用for。 5.表示结果, 常用的有so、therefore。 复合句 1.连词 (1)从属连词: that(无词义), before(在……之前), whether(是否), after(在……之后), if(假如; 是否), since(既然; 自从), because(因为), as/so long as(只要), when(当……的时候), so that(以便) (2)连接代词: who, which, whom, what, whose等。 (3)连接副词: when, why, where, how (4)关系代词: who, which, whom, that, whose (5)关系副词: when, why, where 2.从句 (1) 名词性从句 (2) 定语从句 (3) 状语从句 一、词汇清单 知识点1 argument n. 争吵，争论；论点 【教材原句】Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents. 激烈的争论和冰冷的沉默在青少年和他们的父母之间很常见。(教材p16) 【拓展】 1) beyond argument 无可争辩 2)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事 argue for/against(doing) sth. 据理支持/反对(做)某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that...提出理由说明；主张…… 【写作佳句】Her argument for the trip is that it can broaden our horizons. 他支持这次旅行的理由是它可以开阔我们的视野。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1)It was funny that this kids spent more time arguing ________ the roles than playing games. 2)It’s an ________(argue) that every modern parent has had with their child; the battle to keep them away from the mobile phone. 3)We argued many ways to argue him into ________(accept) your advice, but in vain. 同义句转换 Experts argue that wild animals(should) be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisement. →________________________ in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisement. 知识点2 anxious adj. 忧虑的, 担心的; 令人焦虑的; 渴望的 【教材原句】You may feel anxious that you are developing at a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind. 你可能会感到焦虑, 因为你的发育速度与你的朋友不同, 你可能会身高飙升, 或者被远远甩在后面。(教材p16) 【拓展】 1)be anxious be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)…… be anxious that…(谓语动词用should+动词原形) 2)with anxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地；不安地 3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地；不安地 4)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 【写作佳句】The twins were anxious to cook a delicious breakfast for their mother. But after the first failure，they were so anxious that tears of anxiety rolled down their cheeks. 这对双胞胎渴望为妈妈做一顿美味的早餐。但是，第一次失败之后，他们是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. We are really concerned and anxious ________(learn) about your updates.(2020·浙江7月) 2. He is waiting for the results ________ anxiety as if he were sitting on pins and needles. 3. Children usually feel a lot of ________(anxious) about their first day at school. 同义句转换 We waited with anxiety for the news of her safe arrival. →We waited ________(anxious) for the news of her safe arrival. 知识点3 spot n. 粉刺; 斑点; 污渍; 地点, 场所; 排名位置 vt. 发现, 认出 【教材原句】You might worry about your changing voice, weight problems or spots. 你可能会担心你的声音变化, 体重问题或斑点。(教材p16) 【拓展】 1)on the spot 　　　　当场; 在现场; 立即 2)spot sb. doing sth. 　 发现某人正在做某事 3)spotted adj. 有斑点的 be spotted with. . . 满是……的斑点; 点缀着 注意：spot作先行词，表示"地点，场所"时，若后面定语从句中的关系词在句中作地点状语，则关系词应用where。 【写作佳句】On her final run, which made Chinese spectators breathless, Gu Ailing took over top spot. 在她的最后一轮比赛中, 中国观众屏住了呼吸, 谷爱凌获得了冠军。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I spotted him ________(watch)the Spring Festival Gala on TV when I got home.   2. Tom took the police to the spot ________ the accident happened. 完成句子 那个年轻人是现场唯一的人，他被告知把他所看到的记录下来。 The young man who was the only person ________________ was told to set down what he saw. 知识点4 desire n. & vt. 渴望, 希望 【教材原句】You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents’ love and support. 你既对独立充满新的渴望, 又对父母的爱与支持抱有不断的需求。(教材p17) 【拓展】 1)have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物 2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do...渴望…… 【写作佳句】It’s our desire that you should provide some money to fund our program, as well as offer us some practical suggestions.我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，还能提供一些实用的建议。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. He has a strong desire ________ success though he has failed many times. 2. We always desire ________(live)in peace with our neighbors. 3. Reading satisfies my desires ________(keep) learning. 4. It’s my desire that all the family members ________(gather) at least once a year. 同义句转换 Each student in our class desires to go to a famous university. →Each student in our class ________________ to a famous university. 知识点5 struggle vi. & n. 奋斗; 斗争; 搏斗 【教材原句】On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient—sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride. 另一方面, 当你努力控制自己的情感时, 你希望他们能更加体贴, 更有耐心——有时候他们忘记了成长是一个艰难的过程。(教材p17) 【拓展】 1)struggle with/against sb. /sth. 与某人/某物斗争 struggle for sth. 为某事奋斗 struggle to do sth. 挣扎着做某事 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 2)a struggle for/with/against. . . 与……的斗争 be a struggle(for sb. )(对某人而言)是困难(费劲)的事 【写作佳句】Our Party’s struggle for providing the people with happiness will develop onto a new stage. 我们党为人民谋幸福的斗争将发展到一个新的阶段。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. My brother has struggled ________ the disease for two years.   2. He struggled ________(overcome) his shortcomings. 完成句子 玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。 Bravely, Mary ________________, and fought against the wind and rain beating against her. 知识点6 view n. 看法; 景色; 视线 vt. 观看; 把……视为 【教材原句】When you disagree with your parents, take a minute to calm down and try to understand the situation from their point of view. (教材p17) 【拓展】 1)from one’s point of view = in one’s view 从某人的角度、观点出发 come into view　　　看得见; 进入视野 have a good view of 清楚地看到; 饱览 point of view 观点 in view of 鉴于, 考虑到 in view 在视野之内 2)view. . . as. . . 把……看作…… 【写作佳句】In my view/From my point of view, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River, the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.  在我看来, 我更喜欢长江之旅, 长江是中国最长的河流, 也是中华文明的母亲河之一。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. ________ my views, there is no need to care too much about your clothes. 2. When the car was first built, the design was viewed ________ highly original. 3. She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have ________ good view of the whole town. 4. 完成句子 我们一登上山顶，下面辽阔的平原进入了视野。 When we reached the top of the mountain, a wide plain below ________________. 知识点7 concern n. 担心, 忧虑; 关心 vt. 涉及; 让(某人)担忧 【教材原句】After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. 在你全面考虑之后, 冷静地解释你的行为和感受, 仔细倾听, 并设法消除他们的顾虑。(教材p2) 【拓展】 1) show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心、担心 2)concern oneself with/in/about sth. 忙于某事/关心某事/参与某事 3) concerned adj. 担心的; 有关的 as far as. . . be concerned 就……而言 be concerned about. . . / that. . . 关心……; 担心…… 4)concerning prep. 关于; 涉及 【写作佳句】What makes me concerned is my final exam which will be held in two weeks，so I have to make preparations for it. 让我担心的是我的期末考试将在两周后举行，所以我得为它做准备。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. She showed a great deal of concern ________ her son’s illness. 2. She concerns ________(oneself) with social welfare service.   3. As far as I’m ________(concern), I don’t object to your decision.   完成句子 整个社会都要关心残疾儿童。 The whole society should ________________ handicapped children. 知识点8 stress n. 精神压力, 紧张; 强调　vt. 强调, 着重 【教材原句】Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parent-child tensions create, and that you and your parents can work together to improve your relationship. 只要记住, 无法轻松应对亲子关系紧张带来的压力是完全正常的, 并且你和父母可以共同努力, 改善关系。(教材p2) 【拓展】 (1)under stress　　　　　在压力之下 lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调某事物 (2)stress the importance of. . . 强调……的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力大的(常修饰物) stressed adj. 焦虑的, 紧张的(常修饰人) 【写作佳句】What I intend to stress is that our group is looking for new members and I would like to invite you to join. 我想要强调的是我们团队正在招收新成员，我想邀请你加入。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Things can easily go wrong when people are ________ stress. 2. Father always puts a lot of stress ________ good table manners. 3. It's a very ________(stress) situation for everyone concerned. 完成句子 英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。 The English teacher ________________ learning English well. 知识点9 design vt. 设计; 制订　n. 设计; 设计艺术 【教材原句】So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 所以, 我们设计了青少年健康网站来帮助你步入成年。(教材p20) 【拓展】 1)design sb. /sth. for 打算让某人从事/为……设计某物 be designed for/to do 被设计用于做; 目的是 2)by design 故意地, 蓄意地 3)designer n. 设计者 【写作佳句】She arrived just as we were leaving, but I’m not sure whether this was by accident or by design. 当我们要离开的时候她到了。但是我怀疑这件事是偶然还是故意。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. As far as I know, this film is designed ________ the children. 2. The weekend party was designed ________(bring) the two old men together. 同义句转换 The programme is set up to help people who have been out of work for a long time. →The programme ________________ people who have been out of work for a long time. 知识点10 likely adj. 可能的, 预料的, 有希望的 【教材原句】It is likely that the matter has already been discussed on our forum. 这件事很可能已经在我们的论坛上讨论过了。(教材p20) 【拓展】 (1)be likely to do　　可能做…… It is likely that. . . 有可能…… (2)unlikely adj. 不大可能发生的 【写作佳句】If you join us in the team, we are likely to win the game. 如果你加入我们的队伍，我们很可能赢得比赛。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. It’s nearly nine o’clock and the teacher is likely ________(walk) into the classroom at any moment. 2. Is it likely ________ we will hand in the paper the day after tomorrow? 句式升级 The weather is likely to be fine tomorrow. →________________ the weather will be fine tomorrow. (it为形式主语) 知识点11 eager adj. 热切的, 渴望的, 渴求的 【教材原句】I’m eager for my parents’ love. 我渴望得到父母的爱。(教材p22) 【拓展】 (1)eager to do 　　　渴望做……; 急欲做…… be eager for/about. . . 渴望…… be too eager to 太渴望(不表示否定) (2)eagerly adv. 急切地; 渴望地; 热心地 (3)eagerness n. 渴望; 热心 【写作佳句】She’s healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. 她健康强壮, 渴望玩耍和探索。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. She’s healthy, strong and already eager ________(play)and explore. 2. Children in the village are eager ________ knowledge. 3. I was deeply touched by their ________(eager) to learn. 4. ________(eager) we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. 完成句子 He is ________________(渴望了解)more about Chinese culture. 知识点12 performance n. 表演；演奏 【教材原句】Right now, it’s just making you anxious and having a bad influence on your performance. 现在，这只是爱使你焦虑并且对你的表现造成不好的影响。(教材p21) 【拓展】 1) performance n. 表演，演出；表现；执行，履行 give/put on a performance 演出；表演 2) perform vt. & vi. 履行，执行；表演，演出；表现；运转；做 perform a role in… 在……起作用 perform one's duty/promise 履行职责/诺言 perform an experiment/operation　 做实验/手术 3) performer n. 执行者；表演者，演奏者；能手 【写作佳句】On National Day, our class put on a wonderful performance，having a good time. 国庆节那天，我们班做了精彩的表演,玩得非常开心。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. It is said that he will give a ________(perform) in our city next month. 2. Let’s have a good round of applause for the next ________(perform). 3. She performs an important role ________ our organization. 完成句子 你最好履行你按时完成任务的承诺。 You’d better ________________ that you have to finish your task on time. 知识点13 account n. 账户; 描述; 解释 vt. 认为是, 视为 【教材原句】We were all so proud of Mama’s Bank Account. 我们都为妈妈的银行账户感到骄傲。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)account for　　　　　　是……的原因; 解释; 说明; 占……(比例) 2)take account of. . . /take. . . into account考虑…… on account of=because of 因为 on no account =in no way 决不 【写作佳句】We should take his health into account and then make a decision. 我们应该先考虑他的健康状况，然后再做决定。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. His illness accounts ________ his absence from the meeting. 2. In English law a person ________(account) innocent until he is proved guilty. 3. She retired early on account ________ ill health. 同义句转换 Visitors are on no account allowed to feed animals in the wildlife park. →On no account ________________ to feed animals in the wildlife park. 知识点14 volunteer vi. & vt. 自愿做, 义务做; 主动建议(或告诉) n. 志愿者 【教材原句】“I will work in Dillon’s grocery after school, ”Nels volunteered. “放学后我会在狄龙杂货店工作, ”内尔斯自告奋勇地说。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 volunteer for sth. 自愿做某事 2)voluntary adj. 自愿的; 志愿的; 自发的 【写作佳句】The couple often volunteer to take part in activities helping those in trouble. 这对夫妇经常自愿参加帮助有困难的人的活动。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 ①Several staff members volunteered ________ early retirement. ②He volunteered his services ________ a driver. ③The girl replaced her brother as ________ volunteer to take part in the sports event. ④In our spare time, we should do some ________(volunteer) work. 知识点15 rent n. 租金　vi. & vt. 租用; 出租 【教材原句】“For the rent. ” Mama would count out the big silver pieces. “这些付房租。”妈妈会先把大面额的银币点出来。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)pay the rent　　　　付租金 for rent 出租, 招租 2)rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth.(out) to sb. 出租某物给某人 3)rented adj. 租用的, 租借的 【经典练】 单句语法填空 ①Some farmers rent their land ________ the local government. ②Houses here rent ________ at least $2, 500 a week. ③We had moved into a ________(rent)house. 知识点16 graduate vi. & vt. 毕业 n. 毕业生 【教材原句】When Nels graduated from grammar school, he wanted to go on to high school. “It will cost a little money,” he said. 当内尔斯从语法学校毕业后, 他想继续读高中。“上学要花点儿钱, ”他说。(教材p25) 【拓展】 1)graduate from. . . 　　毕业于……学校 graduate in 毕业于……专业 2)a university graduate 一名大学毕业生 【写作佳句】College students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始生活之旅之前为自己加油助威。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. My daughter will graduate ________ college next week and she is now busy finding a job. 2. Many boys and girls go to college after their ________(graduate) from high school. 3. Tom has just ________(graduate)in psychology with first-class honours. 二、语法清单 简单句、并列句、主从复合句 【感知·语法规律】 判断下列句子的句子类型并进行分类那些是简单句，哪些是并列句，哪些是复合句。 1. We know that being a teenager is sometimes difficult. 2. So, we have designed TeenHealthWeb to help you along the journey to adulthood. 3. Our website has many articles about teenagers’ physical and mental health. 4. You can look through these articles to find advice on your problem. 5. It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry. 6. You can visit the “teen health” forum on our website instead. 7. We are proud to say this forum is the heart of our website. 8. Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users. 简单句：________ 并列句：________ 复合句：________ 【精讲·语法知识】 一、 简单句的句型结构 (1)主谓结构(SV) 在此句式中, V是不及物动词(vi. )。 (2)主系表结构(SVP) 在此句式中, V是系动词(link v. ), 常见的系动词有look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, fall, stand, become, turn等。 (3)主谓宾结构(SVO) 在此句式中, V是及物动词(vt. ), 后接宾语。 (4)主谓双宾结构(SVOO) 在此句式中, V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见带双宾语的动词有give, ask, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn等。①间接宾语可以紧接动词之后, 也可以用to后置。②间接宾语可以紧接动词之后, 也可以用for后置。 (5)主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC) 在此句式中, 常作宾语补足语的词汇有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。 【经典练】　 分析句子成分并写出基本句型 A. 主谓结构     B. 主谓宾结构    C. 主系表结构     D. 主谓宾宾结构 E. 主谓宾宾补结构     F. 主谓状结构     G. 主谓宾状结构    H. There be 句型 1. We must act. ________ 2. I miss my grandma. ________ 3. He talked too much. ________ 4. He told us a funny story. ________ 5. The teacher was kind and friendly. ________ 6. There’s is a lot to explore at senior high. ________ 7. Tim and his classmates are living on a ship. ________ 8. I had my first maths class at senior high school. ________ 9. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. ________ 10. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea. ________ 二、并列句 1.结构 并列句中的各个简单句通常用并列连词连接起来。并列连词之前可用逗号, 也可不用逗号(但however、therefore、otherwise等并列连词前后都常有逗号)。常见的并列句结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。 2. 并列连词 并列连词(或连接副词)根据不同含义, 分为如下几类: (1)表示连接, 常用的有and、not only. . . but also、neither. . . nor等。 (2)表示转折, 常用的有but、yet、still、however、while等。 (3)表示选择, 常用的有or、or else、otherwise、either. . . or等。 (4)表示原因, 常用for。 (5)表示结果, 常用的有so、therefore。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The horse, ________ resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration. 2. We insure against all damage, accidental ________ otherwise. 3. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm ________ is located at Roma Street station. 4. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home ________ the rise in weight problem. 5. I’m not outgoing ________ I’m a little anxious right now. 6. Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, ________ simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful. 7. The point guard is a key player, ________ it was like he wasn’t even on the court! 8. Parents always think we may have difficulty in daily life, ________ they help us a lot. 9. It was ten in the morning, ________ the curtains were still closed. 10. There is not enough room ________(swing) a cat in my small apartment, ________ I don’t cook very often. 三、主从复合句 1. 结构 从句不能独立成为一个句子, 虽然它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句通常由关联词引导, 并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是关联词+主语+谓语。 2. 连词 (1)从属连词: that(无词义), before(在……之前), whether(是否), after(在……之后), if(假如; 是否), since(既然; 自从), because(因为), as/so long as(只要), when(当……的时候), so that(以便) (2)连接代词: who, which, whom, what, whose等。 (3)连接副词: when, why, where, how (4)关系代词: who, which, whom, that, whose (5)关系副词: when, why, where 3. 从句的作用和种类 从句在复合句中, 可作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等, 因此, 可分为六类: 即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 【经典练】 Ⅰ单句语法填空 1. The police set off to search for the lost boy ________(immediate) they got the call. 2. An ________(estimate) 1.3 million people died in road traffic crashes ________(globe) every year, ________driver error is responsible for more than 90 per cent of them. 3. Whether you’re a professional athlete ________ keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you. 4. But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well out ________ the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away. 5. It is three month ________ I graduated. 6. ________ the old saying goes, “ Where there is will, there is a way.” 7. Whether you will succeed ________ fail, we will always be on your side. 8. ________ or not we are successful, we can be sure that we did our best. 9. It is an interesting story and one can’t put it down ________ he has finished reading it. 10. The boy burst into tears ________(immediate) he saw his mother. Ⅱ判断下列各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句 1. To lose weight, she decided to work out every day. ________ 2. Stand over there and you’ll be able to have a better view of the oil painting. ________ 3. We all want it to accept and love ourselves, but at times it seems too difficult. ________ 4. After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles. ________ 5. Li Hua and Wang Lin like drawing and they often draw pictures for the wall newspapers. ________ 6. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. ________ 7. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. ________ 8. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there? ________ 9. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. ________ 10. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. ________ 11. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. ________ 12. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. ________ 13. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it? ________ 14. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. ________ 15. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. ________ 三、写作清单 【点拨·写作技巧】 本单元的写作任务主要就青少年生活、心理健康等问题提出建议，即建议信。建议信是写信人向收信人就某事提出的建议或忠告的一种文体。第一段：表明写作意图，陈述事由。第二段：首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。第三段：对提出的建议进行总结，展望建议被采纳后的良好结果并表达希望。 【积累·写作素材】 (1) 建议信开头常用句式 ①I am sorry to know that you are worried about the coming exam. 了解到你对即将到来的考试很担心我很难过。 ②I’m glad that you are getting along well with your study. 我很高兴你的学业进展顺利。 ③You asked me in your letter how to get along with your deskmate. 你在信中问我如何与你的同桌相处。 (2)表达建议常用句式 ①You don’t have to worry about it. 你不必为此事担心。 ②First of all, try to invite some of your good friends to take part in after-class activities. 首先, 尽量邀请你的一些好朋友参加课外活动。 ③What’s more, help others when they’re in trouble. 另外, 当别人有困难时帮助他们。 ④In my opinion, you should try to calm down and find a chance to talk with her. 依我看来, 你应该试着冷静下来, 找机会与她谈谈。 (3)建议信结尾常用句式 ①I hope these suggestions will help you. 我希望这些建议对你有所帮助。 ②I’m sure everything will turn out all right. 我确信一切都会好的。 ③I hope everything goes well with you. 我希望你万事如意。 【示例·分步写作】 假如你是李华，你的好朋友Mary因不知如何在新学校里结交新朋友而感到苦恼。请你根据下面的提示写一封建议信。 1. 表示理解与同情； 2. 提出建议； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意：1.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 应用文-建议信(高中生活) 人称 以第一人称为主 时态 一般现在时为主 框架 第一段：引入话题。 第二段：具体建议。 第三段：祝愿 第二步：要点翻译 1. 词汇翻译 1. 担心/担忧……________________ 2. 青少年 ________________ 3. 做某事有困难 ________________ 4. 没有必要做某事 ________________ 5. 和……交流 ________________ 6. 接受某人的建议 ________________ 2. 句子翻译 1. 没有必要担心结交新朋友。 ________________________________ 2. 许多青少年发现他们在新环境中遇到同样的情况。 ________________________________. 3. 我想给你一些关于如何结交新朋友的建议。 ________________________________ 第三步：词句升级 用原因状语从句合并句1、2。 ________________________________________________________________ 第四步：连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 13 / 18 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$