精品解析：黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学校2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

哈尔滨市第六中学2024级高一下学期期末考试 英语试题 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman upset? A. She is worried about the maths test. B. She didn’t prepare the maths test. C. She failed the maths test. 2. What will the man do this weekend? A. Buy some books. B. See a doctor. C. Go to the library. 3. What are the speakers most probably going to do? A. Find a new roommate. B. Clean the room with their roommate. C. Write an article about their roommate. 4. How does the woman feel about finding a job? A. cheerful B. confident C. worried. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An actor. B. A film. C. An athlete. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who has curly hair? A. The man’s sister. B. The man’s mother. C. The man’s father. 7. What colour is the man’s mother’s hair now? A. Brown. B. Grey. C. Yellow. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is Nat King Cole? A. A researcher. B. A bus driver. C. A pop singer. 9. What did the researchers study about bus drivers? A. Their facial expressions. B. Their physical health. C. Their working conditions 10. What is proved harmful to the bus drivers’ health in the research? A. Working overtime. B. Bad thoughts. C. Forced smiles. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13 题。 11. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a party. B. Discussing a lecture. C. Preparing for a vacation. 12. Which job has the woman applied for? A. A waitress. B. A salesgirl. C. A volunteer. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How does the man kill time? A. By cating potato chips. B. By watching TV. C. By taking a walk. 15. What does the woman dislike? A. The parks. B. The square. C. The city. 16. What does the man think is the most important? A. Entertainment. B. Jobs. C. Quietness. 17. What do the speakers disagree on? A. Whether the city needs a symbol. B. Whether the amusement park should be built. C. Whether the square is a good place for a walk. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did the GO Group do recently? A. They studied the power of smile. B. They started a business group. C. They did research on education in the UK. 19. What may the “Big Freeze” mean to others? A. A broad smile. B. A quick smile. C. A false smile. 20. How can one make a good impression according to the research? A. Smile widely. B. Smile readily. C. Smile naturally. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Group Bicycle Tours? Explore at Your Own Pace For a unique group experience in Copenhagen, consider a bicycle tour. It’s a flexible way for you to see the city, choosing your own route and pace. We can help you customize a special day that suits your group’s preferences. There are many activities to consider. Bike Options Choose from our strong city bikes, with either footbrake (脚刹车) or handbrake and 3 gears (挡). Footbrake bikes are suitable for urban groups, fixed-gear bikes are commonly used by those staying in the flow of traffic, while handbrake bikes with gears or e-bikes are ideal for those less experienced or cycling outside the city. Guided Tours Our experienced guides, fluent in multiple languages, can lead your group. They are knowledgeable about all aspects of Copenhagen and can share impressive facts about the city’s past and present. Each guide can accommodate up to 10 cyclists. Pricing Details The cost depends on the bike type, rental duration, and whether you require a guide. Here are the rates: Length Bike with handbrake &3 gears Bike with footbrake Specials such as low-rider bike &e-bike 3 hours E8, insurance optional: €1 E7, insurance optional: €2.5 E15, insurance optional: €3. 5 1 day E12, insurance optional: €3 E9, insurance optional: €3 E25, insurance optional: €7 All prices include two locks per bike. A 10% discount on all services applies to groups of 10 or more. 1. What type of bike is the best for beginners? A. Footbrake bikes. B. Fixed-gear bikes. C. Handbrake bikes. D. E-bikes. 2. What benefit can people get with experienced tour guides? A. Knowing local history. B. Receiving a discount. C. Enjoying repair services. D. Avoiding traffic jams. 3. How much should a group of ten pay at least for one-day’s rent with insurance? A. €81. B. €90. C. €108. D. €120. B Born with a skin condition, Michaela Mabinty DePrince was labeled the “devil’s child” at her Sierra Leone orphanage(孤儿院), the last to be fed and the first to be beaten. When an issue of Dance Magazine blew into the orphanage yard, with a woman smiling on the cover, she imagined a better life as a ballerina(芭蕾舞女演员). Adopted by an American family at age 4, she studied and practiced to make her dream a reality. When she was just 15, she was one of six promising dancers in the documentary First Position. She went on to study at the American Ballet Theatre and became a dancer of the Dance Theatre of Harlem. At the height of her career, she secured starring roles with the Dutch National Ballet and appeared in the film version of Lemonade. She was born in the war-torn West African country of Sierra Leone. When she was 3, her miner father was killed and her mother died of hunger. At the orphanage, she took to turning around quickly and standing on the tips of her toes, and the DePrinces, the couple who adopted her and brought her back to New Jersey, promised to take her to ballet lessons once she excelled in English. She was quickly discovered to the talented. With her athleticism and what one reviewer called her “spitfire quickness”, Michaela became an international star in Amsterdam. There she took the lead in such ballets as Swan Lake and Coppelia, dancing with "undeniable grace, strength, and precision.” She had to take a break in 2017 after an accident, which gave her time “to seek treatment for years of nightmares(噩梦)” about her wartime childhood. She joined the Boston Ballet in 2021 but left in the same year for undisclosed reasons. “Dance with your heart,” she once told young ballerinas. “Don’t let the negative aspects of life cause you to lose what made you want to achieve in the first place.” 4. Why is a magazine mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To indicate the inspiration for Michaela’s dream. B. To illustrate the cause of her skin condition. C. To show the variety of magazines at the orphanage. D. To show the unfair treatment at the orphanage. 5. What was the highlight of Michaela’s career? A. Dancing in the documentary First Position. B. Landing lead roles in the Dutch National Ballet. C. Studying at the American Ballet Thater. D. Taking the lead in the Dance Theater of Harlem 6. When did Michaela start taking ballet lessons? A. After she learned English well. B. Once she returned to New Jersey. C. Once she attended English lessons. D. After she showed a talent for ballet. 7. Which of the following best describes Michaela! A. Lucky and mysterious. B. Promising and curious. C. Talented and delighted. D. Gifted and resolved. C A journey to Italy is set to become even more expensive. Last summer, the country introduced a proposal to raise the tourist tax. Currently, many Italian cities charge taxes of up to 5 euros on an overnight stay. The new plan introduces a tiered (阶梯式的) system: 5 euros per night for economy rooms under 100 euros, 10 euros for standard rooms priced between 100 and 400 euros, 15 euros for high-end rooms ranging from400 to 750 euros and 25 euros for luxury accommodations above 750 euros. Italy, with its rich cultural heritage and amazing coastlines, has always been a top spot for tourists. However, the increasing number of visitors is becoming overwhelming. According to the World Tourism Organization, Italy welcomed 57.2 million foreign tourists in 2023, which has led to several issues. Fortune Magazine reported loud noise, crowded spaces, important shops being replaced by souvenir stalls and rising rents driven by apartments being changed into short-term rentals (出租房). The suggested tax aims to tackle the challenges posed by overtourism. However, some tourists are opposed to the high tax. “Increasing the tax would be profiteering (牟取暴利). I would go elsewhere, to other countries that don’t have such a tax,” Fabea Wiegan d from Switzerland told Fortune Magazine. While introducing a tourist tax is a method used by many countries to manage tourist numbers, it is essential not to take it to extremes. The Econømist emphasizes the crucial role policymakers play in determining the level of tourism tax. It is important to set a tax that is affordable for most tourists. For instance, Venice charges a day pass of only 5 euros. Despite its small amount, this fee can contribute to enhancing local services such as waste management and heritage preservation, benefiting both residents and visitors. Even though high tax may prevent some tourists from going to certain destinations, tourism tax is “not a cause for despair” for countries, said The Econømist. If tourists choose other destinations due to the tax, lesser-known areas could seize the chance to attract visitors. Meanwhile, popular destinations could adapt by promoting more affordable choices to tourists, striking a balance between locals’ and visitors’ needs and promoting sustainable tourism. 8. What does the underlined word “overwhelming” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Enormous. B. Powerful. C. Frightening. D. Confusing. 9. Why did Italy consider introducing a higher tax? A. To keep visitors from visiting Italy. B. To increase the profits from tourism. C. To deal with problems caused by overtourism. D. To reduce unfair competition in the tourism industry. 10. What was Fabea Wiegand’s attitude toward raising the tourist tax? A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Sympathetic. D. Indifferent. 11. What does The Economist think about the tourist tax? A. It may negatively affect local services. B. It will be harmful to sustainable tourism. C. It will reduce the inflow of foreign visitors. D. It may be beneficial to less popular destinations. D It’s rare that researchers question theories that make up the backbone of whole fields. But in Evolution Evolving, Kevin Lala and four other evolutionary biologists do just that. Their philosophically informed discussion challenges the textbook version of evolutionary theory, the natural selection of DNA mutations(突变), which arise at random. Lala and colleagues argue that how an organism develops also plays a central part in evolution. They have been advocating this extended evolutionary theory for more than a decade, adding depth to evolutionary theorizing. The authors explain how development — influenced by the conditions in which organisms live — drives how an organism looks, behaves and evolves. To demonstrate this, they give the example of the Mexican tetra fish Astyanax mexicanus. Some populations of Astyanax mexicanus are blind cave fish living in darkness. Others, genetically distinct, consist of sighted, surface dwellers(栖身者). If the surface-dwelling fish are kept in total darkness for two years, they develop traits similar to those of the blind cave fish, including a better ability to store fat — beneficial in a dark environment, where the next meal is hard to come by. The stress of darkness seems to activate sets of genes that change the fishes’ development. New traits do not arise at random. Some are more likely than others. Understanding such “developmental biases” can enable researchers to better understand how traits originate and what directions future evolution might take. As the authors put it, “evolution must proceed where development leads.” Another aspect of evolution often ignored or downplayed by traditional evolutionists is the passing down of traits through generations in ways that do not involve variations in DNA structure. Furthermore, some organisms construct environments to benefit the development of following generations. Dung beetles, for instance, make balls of cow waste, into which they add their own waste as food, and lay a single egg. The nutrients and microbes in these balls influence how the young develop, and in turn the sizes and shapes of the beetles and how they evolve. In my opinion, this is a fundamental shift in thinking. Rather than just studying which traits are selected, evolutionary researchers also need to establish the developmental construction and inheritance of these traits. 12. Why is the Mexican tetra fish talked about? A. To criticize the limitations of evolution theory. B. To explain how DNA mutations occur randomly. C. To provide evidence for developmental choices. D. To compare blind cave fish and surface-dwelling fish. 13. How do Duang Beetles evolve? A. By selecting specific traits via natural selection. B. By varying their DNA through added microbes. C. By passing down mutated genes in cow waste. D. By constructing nutrient-rich environments. 14. What should future evolutionary research focus on? A. Clarifying the development of non-genetic traits. B. Identifying more random DNA mutations. C. Providing traditional theories experiments. D. Studying what traits are selected in evolution. 15. What is the article mainly about? A. Non-DNA inheritance plays a significant role in evolution. B. Random DNA mutations remain the only drivers of evolution. C. Traditional evolutionary theory should be replaced. D. The Mexican tetra fish is the result of natural selection. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I moved into a new home earlier this year. The water and electric equipment had been set up. The Internet, however, was scheduled to be connected days later. As a work-from-home writer, I’ve always considered high-speed Internet vital. It keeps me connected to what’s going on in the world. ____16____ Since I knew I wasn’t going to have Internet access for a couple of days and that that would be a unique situation, I had made some preparations for the “offline”, workload including downloading documents I needed to refer to or edit and had started my unusual day. ____17____ I initially imagined being annoyed without Internet access, because my attention wouldn’t be caught by anything else. ____18____ Instead of crazily researching and shifting through a huge amount of data, I focused on each task at hand with undivided attention. ____19____ On the day without the Internet, I did my work to more natural sounds like birds singing and leaves falling onto the ground in the wind. During my lunch break, I watched some beautiful red cardinals and blue jays flying in the sky from my kitchen window. There weren’t digital news feeds and headlines. ____20____ That’s a feeling inside. If leaving the Internet or other forms of technology is something you’ve never done, the change from your daily routine can be scary to consider, but the rewards outweigh the risks. A. I spent more time walking in nature and relaxing. B. But somehow I felt more connected to the world. C. And it turned out to be a pleasantly surprising experience. D. Above all, I have a location-independent career due to it. E. I used to listen to instrumental music while writing or blogging. F. Days without the Internet changed my life and work completely. G. Unexpectedly, it was greatly improved in the absence of information at my fingertips. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 George Healy was driving along the highway to a holiday town with his family. Then traffic came to a sudden stop, and he ____21____ an accident ahead. Recognizing the signs of a fire, Healy, who was in his car, ____22____ and ran forward. Upon reaching the ____23____, he saw two seriously damaged vehicles, with the engine of one car covered in intensifying fire. Healy quickly ____24____ the situation and realized that a man was ____25____ in the driver’s seat. The car door was bent out of ____26____, so Healy broke the window and climbed into the car to find the man who had passed out ____27____. The car was filling with smoke, and the fire ____28____ to consume the entire vehicle. With the help of a stranger, Healy ____29____ released the man and pulled him from the burning car, just _____30_____. “I’ve devoted 34 years of firefighting service to my city, and my _____31_____ told me if I didn’t do something about this, the person would die,” said Healy. His _____32_____ action quickly spread, and his co-worker said, “Healy is always the first one to _____33_____ when there’s trouble. This is just another example of his devotion, so it is no _____34_____ to us.” Finally, when everything was over, Healy and his family _____35_____ their journey, though a bit late. 21. A. noticed B. survived C. avoided D. caused 22. A. turned around B. pulled away C. sprang out D. slowed down 23. A. highway B. scene C. town D. destination 24. A. judged B. transformed C. controlled D. reported 25. A. inconsistent B. inflexible C. senseless D. hopeless 26. A. sight B. balance C. reach D. shape 27. A. trapped B. covered C. seated D. wrapped 28. A. expected B. managed C. threatened D. waited 29. A. personally B. eventually C. initially D. hardly 30. A. at ease B. at risk C. in case D. in time 31. A. passion B. experience C. duty D. nature 32. A. heroic B. tough C. direct D. sympathetic 33. A. agree B. respond C. lead D. succeed 34. A. secret B. challenge C. concern D. shock 35. A. missed B. postponed C. continued D. reviewed 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 30th Beijing International Book Fair (BIBF) ____36____ (conclude) on Sunday after a five-day run, attracting 1,600 exhibitors from 71 countries and regions ____37____ (showcase) 220,000 Chinese and international titles. Over 1,000 cultural events were held, with more than 2,100 copyright trade agreements or statements of intent reached. ____38____ (announce) as the world’s second-largest book fair, the BIBF will broaden the channel for Chinese culture to go global and serve ____39____ a bridge for exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. Chinese publishing houses spotlighted major titles illustrating the nation’s development path, achievements and cultural heritage for international audiences. “____40____ we anticipate is that these books can present a multi-dimensional and vibrant image of China to global readers,” said Zhao Jianying, president of the China Social Sciences Press. The fair created platforms ____41____ dialogues between Chinese and foreign publishers, writers and translators were held, with forum discussing themes like how to use ____42____ medium of written language to promote dialogues and exchanges between different civilizations. Saudi Arabia, this year’s Guest of Honor, seized the opportunity to promote ____43____ (it) ancient yet flourishing culture through colorful exhibits. A series of activities including book tours, writers’ meets and translators’ cafes offered diverse avenues for global participants to appreciate the interactions of civilizations. With an attendance of ____44____ (rough) 300,000 visitors, the book fair forged closer bonds between China’s publishing industry and international counterparts, exemplifying a mutual embrace of cultural _____45_____ (open) and shared prosperity through literary exchanges. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰好友Chris目前正在学习汉语。他给你发来邮件，向你请教汉字“囍”的相关知识。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1.“囍”字的含义； 2.“囍”的使用场合。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Ha 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’ve always known that I’m very quick with my hands. If someone throws something, I catch it almost before I’m aware it has been thrown. When I was young, I had no idea how useful this skill would become. Last week, I was going to visit a friend with her newborn and was on my way to a toy store to buy a gift. I’d once lived in the neighbourhood and I decided to head back to my old cupcake shop for a coffee. Sitting alone at a table outside with my drink, I was approached by an older man, who in a calm and very matter-of-fact way told me to call 911, because there was a baby on a fire escape. I jumped up to see where the baby was. I was so surprised to see it, wearing a little onesie (连体衣) and lying on the fire escape railings (栏杆) between the second and third storeys. I was nervous, so the baby boy became my only priority. As I was on the phone to the emergency services, I made eye contact with the child, keeping him calm, telling him to stay there. Some people were going up the stairs to find the parents, who were apparently sleeping through the whole drama. I just wanted the child to feel safe. I hoped he’d stay there until somebody could rescue him. Apparently he had slipped through pieces of cardboard placed next to an air-conditioning unit in the window, and without bars to protect him he’d crawled (爬) out and up the fire escape towards the next storey. He was only 16 months old. For him to even climb up and balance in that position was incredible. Then he slipped. Instinctively (本能), he grabbed on the railing as he fell, hanging by his arms. I knew he couldn’t hold on, 25 feet above the street, for long. I sensed people had gathered behind, but my attention was purely focused on my intention to catch the baby. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I made sure I was positioned to catch him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The moments after he was saved were exciting. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 哈尔滨市第六中学2024级高一下学期期末考试 英语试题 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why is the woman upset? A. She is worried about the maths test. B. She didn’t prepare the maths test. C. She failed the maths test. 2. What will the man do this weekend? A. Buy some books. B. See a doctor. C. Go to the library. 3. What are the speakers most probably going to do? A. Find a new roommate. B. Clean the room with their roommate. C. Write an article about their roommate. 4. How does the woman feel about finding a job? A. cheerful B. confident C. worried. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An actor. B. A film. C. An athlete. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Who has curly hair? A. The man’s sister. B. The man’s mother. C. The man’s father. 7. What colour is the man’s mother’s hair now? A. Brown. B. Grey. C. Yellow. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is Nat King Cole? A. A researcher. B. A bus driver. C. A pop singer. 9. What did the researchers study about bus drivers? A. Their facial expressions. B. Their physical health. C. Their working conditions 10. What is proved harmful to the bus drivers’ health in the research? A. Working overtime. B. Bad thoughts. C. Forced smiles. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13 题。 11. What are the speakers doing? A. Attending a party. B. Discussing a lecture. C. Preparing for a vacation. 12. Which job has the woman applied for? A. A waitress. B. A salesgirl. C. A volunteer. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Father and daughter. C. Teacher and student. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How does the man kill time? A. By cating potato chips. B. By watching TV. C. By taking a walk. 15. What does the woman dislike? A. The parks. B. The square. C. The city. 16. What does the man think is the most important? A. Entertainment. B. Jobs. C. Quietness. 17. What do the speakers disagree on? A. Whether the city needs a symbol. B. Whether the amusement park should be built. C. Whether the square is a good place for a walk. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did the GO Group do recently? A. They studied the power of smile. B. They started a business group. C. They did research on education in the UK. 19. What may the “Big Freeze” mean to others? A. A broad smile. B. A quick smile. C. A false smile. 20. How can one make a good impression according to the research? A. Smile widely. B. Smile readily. C. Smile naturally. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Group Bicycle Tours? Explore at Your Own Pace For a unique group experience in Copenhagen, consider a bicycle tour. It’s a flexible way for you to see the city, choosing your own route and pace. We can help you customize a special day that suits your group’s preferences. There are many activities to consider. Bike Options Choose from our strong city bikes, with either footbrake (脚刹车) or handbrake and 3 gears (挡). Footbrake bikes are suitable for urban groups, fixed-gear bikes are commonly used by those staying in the flow of traffic, while handbrake bikes with gears or e-bikes are ideal for those less experienced or cycling outside the city. Guided Tours Our experienced guides, fluent in multiple languages, can lead your group. They are knowledgeable about all aspects of Copenhagen and can share impressive facts about the city’s past and present. Each guide can accommodate up to 10 cyclists. Pricing Details The cost depends on the bike type, rental duration, and whether you require a guide. Here are the rates: Length Bike with handbrake &3 gears Bike with footbrake Specials such as low-rider bike &e-bike 3 hours E8, insurance optional: €1 E7, insurance optional: €2.5 E15, insurance optional: €3. 5 1 day E12, insurance optional: €3 E9, insurance optional: €3 E25, insurance optional: €7 All prices include two locks per bike. A 10% discount on all services applies to groups of 10 or more. 1. What type of bike is the best for beginners? A. Footbrake bikes. B. Fixed-gear bikes. C. Handbrake bikes. D. E-bikes. 2. What benefit can people get with experienced tour guides? A. Knowing local history. B. Receiving a discount. C. Enjoying repair services. D. Avoiding traffic jams. 3. How much should a group of ten pay at least for one-day’s rent with insurance? A. €81. B. €90. C. €108. D. €120. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在哥本哈根进行自行车团体旅游的多种选择和优势。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bike Options部分的句子“Footbrake bikes are suitable for urban groups, fixed-gear bikes are commonly used by those staying in the flow of traffic, while handbrake bikes with gears or e-bikes are ideal for those less experienced or cycling outside the city.(脚制动自行车适合城市人群，固定齿轮自行车通常用于那些停留在交通流量中的人，而带档位的手刹自行车或电动自行车则适合那些经验不足或在城外骑自行车的人。)”可知，带档位手刹自行车和电动自行车适合初学者。故选 D 项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guided Tours部分的句子“They are knowledgeable about all aspects of Copenhagen and can share impressive facts about the city’s past and present.(他们对哥本哈根的各个方面都很了解，可以分享关于这个城市过去和现在的令人印象深刻的事实。)”可知，导游对哥本哈根的历史和现状非常了解，可以为游客提供丰富的历史知识。因此，选择有经验的导游可以让人们了解当地历史。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。文章表格中提到一天租金最便宜的是第二种；根据“€9, insurance optional: €3(9欧元，可选保险：3欧元)”可知，脚刹自行车一天的租金为 €9，保险费用为 €3，总共 €12。10人总共需要支付 €120。再由最后一句“A 10% discount on all services applies to groups of 10 or more.(10人或以上的团体可享受9折优惠)”可知，10人团体享受10%的折扣后为 €108。故选 C 项。 B Born with a skin condition, Michaela Mabinty DePrince was labeled the “devil’s child” at her Sierra Leone orphanage(孤儿院), the last to be fed and the first to be beaten. When an issue of Dance Magazine blew into the orphanage yard, with a woman smiling on the cover, she imagined a better life as a ballerina(芭蕾舞女演员). Adopted by an American family at age 4, she studied and practiced to make her dream a reality. When she was just 15, she was one of six promising dancers in the documentary First Position. She went on to study at the American Ballet Theatre and became a dancer of the Dance Theatre of Harlem. At the height of her career, she secured starring roles with the Dutch National Ballet and appeared in the film version of Lemonade. She was born in the war-torn West African country of Sierra Leone. When she was 3, her miner father was killed and her mother died of hunger. At the orphanage, she took to turning around quickly and standing on the tips of her toes, and the DePrinces, the couple who adopted her and brought her back to New Jersey, promised to take her to ballet lessons once she excelled in English. She was quickly discovered to the talented. With her athleticism and what one reviewer called her “spitfire quickness”, Michaela became an international star in Amsterdam. There she took the lead in such ballets as Swan Lake and Coppelia, dancing with "undeniable grace, strength, and precision.” She had to take a break in 2017 after an accident, which gave her time “to seek treatment for years of nightmares(噩梦)” about her wartime childhood. She joined the Boston Ballet in 2021 but left in the same year for undisclosed reasons. “Dance with your heart,” she once told young ballerinas. “Don’t let the negative aspects of life cause you to lose what made you want to achieve in the first place.” 4. Why is a magazine mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To indicate the inspiration for Michaela’s dream. B. To illustrate the cause of her skin condition. C. To show the variety of magazines at the orphanage. D. To show the unfair treatment at the orphanage. 5. What was the highlight of Michaela’s career? A. Dancing in the documentary First Position. B. Landing lead roles in the Dutch National Ballet. C. Studying at the American Ballet Thater. D. Taking the lead in the Dance Theater of Harlem 6. When did Michaela start taking ballet lessons? A. After she learned English well. B. Once she returned to New Jersey. C. Once she attended English lessons. D. After she showed a talent for ballet. 7. Which of the following best describes Michaela! A. Lucky and mysterious. B. Promising and curious. C. Talented and delighted. D. Gifted and resolved. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了Michaela Mabinty DePrince的生平经历，包括她在孤儿院的艰难童年、被美国家庭收养后追逐芭蕾梦想的努力、职业生涯中的成就与挑战，以及她对年轻舞者的鼓励和人生感悟。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When an issue of Dance Magazine blew into the orphanage yard, with a woman smiling on the cover, she imagined a better life as a ballerina(芭蕾舞女演员).(当一本《舞蹈杂志》被风吹进孤儿院的院子里，封面上一位女士面带微笑，她便幻想着能成为一名芭蕾舞演员，过上更美好的生活。)”可知，这本杂志让Michaela萌生了成为芭蕾舞演员的梦想，是她梦想的灵感来源。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At the height of her career, she secured starring roles with the Dutch National Ballet and appeared in the film version of Lemonade.(在职业生涯的巅峰时期，她在荷兰国家芭蕾舞团担任主角，并出演了电影版《柠檬水》。)”可知，在职业生涯的巅峰时期，她在荷兰国家芭蕾舞团担任主角。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At the orphanage, she took to turning around quickly and standing on the tips of her toes, and the DePrinces, the couple who adopted her and brought her back to New Jersey, promised to take her to ballet lessons once she excelled in English.(在孤儿院里，她就常常快速旋转、踮起脚尖。收养她并带她回到新泽西州的德普林斯夫妇曾承诺，只要她英语学得好，就送她去上芭蕾舞课。)”可知，Michaela是在英语学好之后才开始上芭蕾舞课的。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She was quickly discovered to the talented. With her athleticism and what one reviewer called her “spitfire quickness”, Michaela became an international star in Amsterdam.(很快，人们就发现了她的天赋。凭借着出众的运动天赋，以及一位评论家所说的“如火般的敏捷”，Michaela在阿姆斯特丹成了国际明星。)”可知，她极富天赋；再根据最后一段“She had to take a break in 2017 after an accident, which gave her time “to seek treatment for years of nightmares(噩梦)” about her wartime childhood. She joined the Boston Ballet in 2021 but left in the same year for undisclosed reasons. “Dance with your heart,” she once told young ballerinas. “Don’t let the negative aspects of life cause you to lose what made you want to achieve in the first place.”(2017 年，一场意外让她不得不暂停舞蹈生涯，这也让她有时间“为多年来因战时童年经历引发的噩梦寻求治疗”。2021年，她加入波士顿芭蕾舞团，但同年便因未公开的原因离开。“用心去跳舞，”她曾这样对年轻的芭蕾舞演员说，“不要让生活中的消极面磨灭你最初渴望有所成就的初心。”)”可知，她即使2017年因意外暂停舞蹈、治疗战争创伤，之后仍回归舞台，且鼓励他人不要让消极面磨灭初心，体现了她对梦想的坚定追求。故选D。 C A journey to Italy is set to become even more expensive. Last summer, the country introduced a proposal to raise the tourist tax. Currently, many Italian cities charge taxes of up to 5 euros on an overnight stay. The new plan introduces a tiered (阶梯式的) system: 5 euros per night for economy rooms under 100 euros, 10 euros for standard rooms priced between 100 and 400 euros, 15 euros for high-end rooms ranging from400 to 750 euros and 25 euros for luxury accommodations above 750 euros. Italy, with its rich cultural heritage and amazing coastlines, has always been a top spot for tourists. However, the increasing number of visitors is becoming overwhelming. According to the World Tourism Organization, Italy welcomed 57.2 million foreign tourists in 2023, which has led to several issues. Fortune Magazine reported loud noise, crowded spaces, important shops being replaced by souvenir stalls and rising rents driven by apartments being changed into short-term rentals (出租房). The suggested tax aims to tackle the challenges posed by overtourism. However, some tourists are opposed to the high tax. “Increasing the tax would be profiteering (牟取暴利). I would go elsewhere, to other countries that don’t have such a tax,” Fabea Wiegan d from Switzerland told Fortune Magazine. While introducing a tourist tax is a method used by many countries to manage tourist numbers, it is essential not to take it to extremes. The Econømist emphasizes the crucial role policymakers play in determining the level of tourism tax. It is important to set a tax that is affordable for most tourists. For instance, Venice charges a day pass of only 5 euros. Despite its small amount, this fee can contribute to enhancing local services such as waste management and heritage preservation, benefiting both residents and visitors. Even though high tax may prevent some tourists from going to certain destinations, tourism tax is “not a cause for despair” for countries, said The Econømist. If tourists choose other destinations due to the tax, lesser-known areas could seize the chance to attract visitors. Meanwhile, popular destinations could adapt by promoting more affordable choices to tourists, striking a balance between locals’ and visitors’ needs and promoting sustainable tourism. 8. What does the underlined word “overwhelming” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Enormous. B. Powerful. C. Frightening. D. Confusing. 9. Why did Italy consider introducing a higher tax? A. To keep visitors from visiting Italy. B. To increase the profits from tourism. C. To deal with problems caused by overtourism. D. To reduce unfair competition in the tourism industry. 10. What was Fabea Wiegand’s attitude toward raising the tourist tax? A. Objective. B. Disapproving. C. Sympathetic. D. Indifferent. 11. What does The Economist think about the tourist tax? A. It may negatively affect local services. B. It will be harmful to sustainable tourism. C. It will reduce the inflow of foreign visitors. D. It may be beneficial to less popular destinations. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。意大利之旅将变得更加昂贵。去年夏天，该国提出了一项提高旅游税的提案。文章解释了这一举措背后的原因以及人们对此的看法。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Italy, with its rich cultural heritage and amazing coastlines, has always been a top spot for tourists.(意大利拥有丰富的文化遗产和迷人的海岸线，一直是游客的首选)”；后文“According to the World Tourism Organization, Italy welcomed 57.2 million foreign tourists in 2023, which has led to several issues.(根据世界旅游组织的数据，意大利在2023年接待了5720万外国游客，这导致了几个问题)”以及however表示转折，可知，意大利受游客欢迎，因为游客数量变得越来越巨大，所以导致了一些问题。故划线词意思是“巨大的”。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“According to the World Tourism Organization, Italy welcomed 57.2 million foreign tourists in 2023, which has led to several issues. Fortune Magazine reported loud noise, crowded spaces, important shops being replaced by souvenir stalls and rising rents driven by apartments being changed into short-term rentals (出租房).(根据世界旅游组织的数据，意大利在2023年接待了5720万外国游客，这导致了几个问题。《财富》杂志报道说，噪音大，空间拥挤，重要的商店被纪念品摊位取代，由于公寓被改成短租而导致租金上涨)”可知，意大利考虑征收更高的税收是为了解决过度旅游造成的问题。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Increasing the tax would be profiteering (牟取暴利). I would go elsewhere, to other countries that don’t have such a tax,” Fabea Wiegan d from Switzerland told Fortune Magazine.( “增税就是牟取暴利。我会去其他地方，去其他没有这种税的国家，”来自瑞士的Fabea Wiegan告诉《财富》杂志。)”可知，Fabea Wiegand对提高旅游税是不赞成的。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Even though high tax may prevent some tourists from going to certain destinations, tourism tax is “not a cause for despair” for countries, said The Economist. If tourists choose other destinations due to the tax, lesser-known areas could seize the chance to attract visitors.(《经济学人》表示，尽管高税收可能会阻止一些游客前往某些目的地，但对国家来说，旅游税“不是绝望的原因”。如果游客因为征税而选择其他目的地，不太知名的地区可以抓住机会吸引游客)”可知，《经济学人》认为旅游税可能对不太受欢迎的目的地有益。故选D。 D It’s rare that researchers question theories that make up the backbone of whole fields. But in Evolution Evolving, Kevin Lala and four other evolutionary biologists do just that. Their philosophically informed discussion challenges the textbook version of evolutionary theory, the natural selection of DNA mutations(突变), which arise at random. Lala and colleagues argue that how an organism develops also plays a central part in evolution. They have been advocating this extended evolutionary theory for more than a decade, adding depth to evolutionary theorizing. The authors explain how development — influenced by the conditions in which organisms live — drives how an organism looks, behaves and evolves. To demonstrate this, they give the example of the Mexican tetra fish Astyanax mexicanus. Some populations of Astyanax mexicanus are blind cave fish living in darkness. Others, genetically distinct, consist of sighted, surface dwellers(栖身者). If the surface-dwelling fish are kept in total darkness for two years, they develop traits similar to those of the blind cave fish, including a better ability to store fat — beneficial in a dark environment, where the next meal is hard to come by. The stress of darkness seems to activate sets of genes that change the fishes’ development. New traits do not arise at random. Some are more likely than others. Understanding such “developmental biases” can enable researchers to better understand how traits originate and what directions future evolution might take. As the authors put it, “evolution must proceed where development leads.” Another aspect of evolution often ignored or downplayed by traditional evolutionists is the passing down of traits through generations in ways that do not involve variations in DNA structure. Furthermore, some organisms construct environments to benefit the development of following generations. Dung beetles, for instance, make balls of cow waste, into which they add their own waste as food, and lay a single egg. The nutrients and microbes in these balls influence how the young develop, and in turn the sizes and shapes of the beetles and how they evolve. In my opinion, this is a fundamental shift in thinking. Rather than just studying which traits are selected, evolutionary researchers also need to establish the developmental construction and inheritance of these traits. 12. Why is the Mexican tetra fish talked about? A. To criticize the limitations of evolution theory. B. To explain how DNA mutations occur randomly. C. To provide evidence for developmental choices. D. To compare blind cave fish and surface-dwelling fish. 13. How do Duang Beetles evolve? A. By selecting specific traits via natural selection. B. By varying their DNA through added microbes. C. By passing down mutated genes in cow waste. D. By constructing nutrient-rich environments. 14. What should future evolutionary research focus on? A. Clarifying the development of non-genetic traits. B. Identifying more random DNA mutations. C. Providing traditional theories experiments. D. Studying what traits are selected in evolution. 15. What is the article mainly about? A. Non-DNA inheritance plays a significant role in evolution. B. Random DNA mutations remain the only drivers of evolution. C. Traditional evolutionary theory should be replaced. D. The Mexican tetra fish is the result of natural selection. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕进化生物学家Kevin Lala及其同事对传统进化理论的挑战展开讨论，提出了扩展进化理论，强调生物发育在进化中的核心作用，同时批评了传统进化论的局限性，最后呼吁进化研究者转变思维，关注性状的发育构建和遗传方式。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The authors explain how development — influenced by the conditions in which organisms live — drives how an organism looks, behaves and evolves. To demonstrate this, they give the example of the Mexican tetra fish Astyanax mexicanus.(作者们阐释了生物体的发育——受其生存环境条件的影响——如何决定生物体的外形、行为及进化方向。为了说明这一点，他们举了墨西哥脂鲤的例子。)”可知，作者以墨西哥脂鲤为例是为了证明生物体的发育（受生存环境影响）驱动其外形、行为和进化这一观点。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Dung beetles, for instance, make balls of cow waste, into which they add their own waste as food, and lay a single egg. The nutrients and microbes in these balls influence how the young develop, and in turn the sizes and shapes of the beetles and how they evolve.(例如，蜣螂会制作牛粪球，在里面加入自己的排泄物作为食物，然后产下一枚卵。这些粪球中的营养物质和微生物会影响幼虫的发育，进而影响蜣螂的大小、形状及其进化。)”可知，蜣螂通过构建富含营养的环境来进化。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In my opinion, this is a fundamental shift in thinking. Rather than just studying which traits are selected, evolutionary researchers also need to establish the developmental construction and inheritance of these traits.(在我看来，这是一种根本性的思维转变。进化研究人员不仅需要研究哪些特征被选择保留，还需要确定这些特征的发育构建过程和遗传方式。)”可知，未来的进化研究不应只关注哪些特征被选择，还需要确定这些特征的发育构建和遗传。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要介绍了《进化在演进》一书中提出的扩展进化理论，该理论挑战了传统进化论中DNA 随机突变是进化唯一驱动力的观点，强调生物体的发育过程（受环境影响）和非 DNA 结构变异的遗传方式（如通过环境构建影响后代发育）在进化中起核心作用。文章通过墨西哥脂鲤的例子说明发育对进化的驱动，通过蜣螂的例子说明非DNA遗传方式的影响，最终指出进化研究应关注特征的发育构建和遗传，核心是强调非 DNA 遗传在进化中的重要性。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I moved into a new home earlier this year. The water and electric equipment had been set up. The Internet, however, was scheduled to be connected days later. As a work-from-home writer, I’ve always considered high-speed Internet vital. It keeps me connected to what’s going on in the world. ____16____ Since I knew I wasn’t going to have Internet access for a couple of days and that that would be a unique situation, I had made some preparations for the “offline”, workload including downloading documents I needed to refer to or edit and had started my unusual day. ____17____ I initially imagined being annoyed without Internet access, because my attention wouldn’t be caught by anything else. ____18____ Instead of crazily researching and shifting through a huge amount of data, I focused on each task at hand with undivided attention. ____19____ On the day without the Internet, I did my work to more natural sounds like birds singing and leaves falling onto the ground in the wind. During my lunch break, I watched some beautiful red cardinals and blue jays flying in the sky from my kitchen window. There weren’t digital news feeds and headlines. ____20____ That’s a feeling inside. If leaving the Internet or other forms of technology is something you’ve never done, the change from your daily routine can be scary to consider, but the rewards outweigh the risks. A. I spent more time walking in nature and relaxing. B. But somehow I felt more connected to the world. C. And it turned out to be a pleasantly surprising experience. D. Above all, I have a location-independent career due to it. E. I used to listen to instrumental music while writing or blogging. F. Days without the Internet changed my life and work completely. G. Unexpectedly, it was greatly improved in the absence of information at my fingertips. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在没有网络的日子里，通过提前准备和专注于手头任务，意外获得了更高效的工作体验和与自然更紧密的联系。 【16题详解】 上文“As a work-from-home writer, I’ve always considered high-speed Internet vital. It keeps me connected to what’s going on in the world.(作为一名在家工作的作家，我一直认为高速互联网至关重要。它让我与世界上正在发生的事情保持联系)”说明高速互联网对作者工作的重要性以及其带来的便利。空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步说明互联网对作者职业的积极影响。所以D项“最重要的是，由于它，我有了不受地点限制的职业。”符合语境，其中“due to it”指代上文提到的高速互联网。故选D。 【17题详解】 上文“Since I knew I wasn’t going to have Internet access for a couple of days and that that would be a unique situation, I had made some preparations for the ‘offline’ workload including downloading documents I needed to refer to or edit and had started my unusual day.(因为我知道我有几天不能上网，而且这将是一个独特的情况，所以我为“离线”工作量做了一些准备，包括下载我需要参考或编辑的文档，并开始了我不同寻常的一天)”说明作者为没有网络的日子做了准备，并开始了不同寻常的一天。空处承接上文，说明这种准备和开始不同寻常一天的结果。所以C项“结果证明，这是一次令人愉快的惊喜体验。”符合语境，其中“it”指代上文提到的作者为没有网络所做的准备和开始的不同寻常的一天。故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“I initially imagined being annoyed without Internet access, because my attention wouldn’t be caught by anything else.(我最初想象没有网络我会很恼火，因为我的注意力不会被其他任何事情吸引)”说明作者最初对没有网络的担忧。空处和前文为转折关系，说明实际情况与作者最初的想象相反。所以G项“出乎意料的是，在没有随手可得的信息的情况下，我的注意力得到了极大的提高。”符合语境，其中“Unexpectedly”与上文中的“initially imagined”形成转折。故选G。 【19题详解】 下文“On the day without the Internet, I did my work to more natural sounds like birds singing and leaves falling onto the ground in the wind.(在没有网络的那天，我伴随着更自然的声音工作，比如鸟儿歌唱，风吹树叶落在地上)”说明了无网络时作者会倾听自然的声音。空处应与之形成对比，说明有网络的时候的情况。所以E项“我过去写作或写博客时常常听器乐”符合语境，体现了有网络时的习惯。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“There weren’t digital news feeds and headlines.(没有数字新闻推送和头条新闻)”说明在没有网络的日子里没有数字新闻推送和头条新闻。下文“That’s a feeling inside.( 这是一种内在的感觉)”说明这是一种内在感觉。空处和前文形成转折关系，并引出下文，说明内心的一种感受。所以B项“但不知怎么的，我觉得自己与世界的联系更紧密了。”符合语境，But和前文形成转折关系，而下文中的That指代该项中的“felt more connected to the world”。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 George Healy was driving along the highway to a holiday town with his family. Then traffic came to a sudden stop, and he ____21____ an accident ahead. Recognizing the signs of a fire, Healy, who was in his car, ____22____ and ran forward. Upon reaching the ____23____, he saw two seriously damaged vehicles, with the engine of one car covered in intensifying fire. Healy quickly ____24____ the situation and realized that a man was ____25____ in the driver’s seat. The car door was bent out of ____26____, so Healy broke the window and climbed into the car to find the man who had passed out ____27____. The car was filling with smoke, and the fire ____28____ to consume the entire vehicle. With the help of a stranger, Healy ____29____ released the man and pulled him from the burning car, just _____30_____. “I’ve devoted 34 years of firefighting service to my city, and my _____31_____ told me if I didn’t do something about this, the person would die,” said Healy. His _____32_____ action quickly spread, and his co-worker said, “Healy is always the first one to _____33_____ when there’s trouble. This is just another example of his devotion, so it is no _____34_____ to us.” Finally, when everything was over, Healy and his family _____35_____ their journey, though a bit late. 21. A. noticed B. survived C. avoided D. caused 22. A. turned around B. pulled away C. sprang out D. slowed down 23. A. highway B. scene C. town D. destination 24. A. judged B. transformed C. controlled D. reported 25. A. inconsistent B. inflexible C. senseless D. hopeless 26. A. sight B. balance C. reach D. shape 27. A. trapped B. covered C. seated D. wrapped 28. A. expected B. managed C. threatened D. waited 29. A. personally B. eventually C. initially D. hardly 30. A. at ease B. at risk C. in case D. in time 31. A. passion B. experience C. duty D. nature 32. A. heroic B. tough C. direct D. sympathetic 33. A. agree B. respond C. lead D. succeed 34. A. secret B. challenge C. concern D. shock 35. A. missed B. postponed C. continued D. reviewed 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了消防员George Healy在和家人前往度假目的地的途中发现前方有车祸，勇闯燃烧的汽车，凭借34年专业经验成功救出昏迷司机。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后车辆突然停了下来，他注意到前面发生了事故。A. noticed注意到；B. survived幸存；C. avoided避免；D. caused引起。根据下文“he saw two seriously damaged vehicles”可知，Healy看到两辆严重受损的汽车，因此是注意到前面发生了事故。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：坐在车里的Healy认出了起火的迹象，跳出车子向前跑去。A. turned around转身；B. pulled away拉开；C. sprang out跳出；D. slowed down减速。根据上文“who was in his car”和下文“and ran forward”可知，原本坐在车里的Healy跳出车子向前跑去。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达现场后，他看到两辆严重受损的汽车，其中一辆汽车的发动机被大火包围。A. highway高速公路；B. scene现场；C. town城镇；D. destination目的地。根据下文“he saw two seriously damaged vehicles”可知，Healy是到达事故现场后，看到两辆严重受损的汽车。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Healy迅速判断了当时的情况，意识到驾驶座上有一个人失去了知觉。A. judged判断；B. transformed转变；C. controlled控制；D. reported报告。根据下文“realized that a man was ____5____ in the driver’s seat”可知，Healy是在判断情况后，意识到驾驶座上的司机的状况。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Healy迅速判断了当时的情况，意识到驾驶座上有一个人失去了知觉。A. inconsistent不一致的；B. inflexible不灵活的；C. senseless失去知觉的；D. hopeless无望的。根据下文“the man who had passed out”可知，驾驶座上的司机昏倒了，因此Healy是意识到他失去了知觉。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：车门弯得变形了，Healy打破了车窗，爬进车里去找那个被困在车里昏倒的人。A. sight视线；B. balance平衡；C. reach范围；D. shape形状。根据上文“The car door was bent”可知，车门是被弯得变形了，短语out of shape意为“变形，走样”。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车门弯得变形了，Healy打破了车窗，爬进车里去找那个被困在车里昏倒的人。A. trapped被困的；B. covered被覆盖的；C. seated就座的；D. wrapped被包裹的。根据上文“the man who had passed out”可知，这个司机昏倒了，因此是被困在车里。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽车里充满了烟雾，大火几乎要吞噬整辆车。A. expected预期；B. managed设法；C. threatened有……危险；D. waited等待。根据上文“The car was filling with smoke”可知，汽车里充满了烟雾，说明火势很猛烈，因此大火是有吞噬整辆车的危险。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一个陌生人的帮助下，Healy最终救出了这名男子，及时将他从燃烧的汽车中拉了出来。A. personally亲自地；B. eventually最终地；C. initially最初地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“Healy broke the window and climbed into the car to find the man who had passed out ____7____”和“With the help of a stranger”可知，此处是描述事情的进展，eventually“最终地”符合题意，表示Healy最终救出了这名男子。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在一个陌生人的帮助下，Healy最终救出了这名男子，及时将他从燃烧的汽车中拉了出来。A. at ease自在；B. at risk处于危险；C. in case以防；D. in time及时。根据下文“if I didn’t do something about this, the person would die”可知，Healy认为如果自己不做点什么，这个人就会死，因此他是及时救出了被困者。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Healy说：“我已经为我的城市奉献了34年的消防服务，我的经验告诉我，如果我不做点什么，这个人就会死。”A. passion热情；B. experience经验；C. duty责任；D. nature自然。根据上文“I’ve devoted 34 years of firefighting service to my city”可知，Healy已经从事了34年的消防服务，因此他的依据是自己的经验。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的英勇行为迅速传播开来，他的同事说……A. heroic英勇的；B. tough艰难的；C. direct直接的；D. sympathetic同情的。根据上文“Healy broke the window and climbed into the car to find the man who had passed out ____7____”和“Healy ____9____ released the man and pulled him from the burning car”可知，面对车祸现场的危险形势，Healy勇敢地进入汽车，救出了被困者，因此是指他的英勇行为。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当有麻烦时，Healy总是第一个做出反应。A. agree同意；B. respond做出反应；C. lead领导；D. succeed成功。根据下文“when there’s trouble”可知，从事消防工作的Healy在有麻烦时，总是第一个做出反应。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是他奉献精神的又一个例子，所以我们对此并不震惊。A. secret秘密；B. challenge挑战；C. concern担忧；D. shock震惊。根据上文“This is just another example of his devotion”可知，Healy的同事知道Healy非常有奉献精神，因此对他此次的救人行为并不震惊。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，当一切都结束了，Healy和他的家人继续他们的旅程，虽然有点晚了。A. missed错过；B. postponed推迟；C. continued继续；D. reviewed回顾。根据上文“George Healy was driving along the highway to a holiday town with his family.”可知，最初Healy一家是开车去一个度假小镇，一切结束了之后他们应该是继续他们的旅程。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 30th Beijing International Book Fair (BIBF) ____36____ (conclude) on Sunday after a five-day run, attracting 1,600 exhibitors from 71 countries and regions ____37____ (showcase) 220,000 Chinese and international titles. Over 1,000 cultural events were held, with more than 2,100 copyright trade agreements or statements of intent reached. ____38____ (announce) as the world’s second-largest book fair, the BIBF will broaden the channel for Chinese culture to go global and serve ____39____ a bridge for exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. Chinese publishing houses spotlighted major titles illustrating the nation’s development path, achievements and cultural heritage for international audiences. “____40____ we anticipate is that these books can present a multi-dimensional and vibrant image of China to global readers,” said Zhao Jianying, president of the China Social Sciences Press. The fair created platforms ____41____ dialogues between Chinese and foreign publishers, writers and translators were held, with forum discussing themes like how to use ____42____ medium of written language to promote dialogues and exchanges between different civilizations. Saudi Arabia, this year’s Guest of Honor, seized the opportunity to promote ____43____ (it) ancient yet flourishing culture through colorful exhibits. A series of activities including book tours, writers’ meets and translators’ cafes offered diverse avenues for global participants to appreciate the interactions of civilizations. With an attendance of ____44____ (rough) 300,000 visitors, the book fair forged closer bonds between China’s publishing industry and international counterparts, exemplifying a mutual embrace of cultural _____45_____ (open) and shared prosperity through literary exchanges. 【答案】36. concluded 37. to showcase 38. Announced 39. as 40. What 41. where 42. the 43. its 44. roughly 45. openness 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了第30届北京国际书展落幕，吸引了多国参展商，达成众多版权交易，搭建了交流平台，促进了文明互鉴与文化开放共享。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：第30届北京国际图书博览会于周日圆满落幕，此次展会为期五天，吸引了来自71个国家和地区的1600家参展商，共展示了22万种中国及国际图书。根据后文on Sunday可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填concluded。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：第30届北京国际图书博览会于周日圆满落幕，此次展会为期五天，吸引了来自71个国家和地区的1600家参展商，共展示了22万种中国及国际图书。此处showcase作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to showcase。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为全球第二大书展，北京国际图书博览会的举办将为中华文化走向世界开辟更广阔的渠道，并成为不同文明之间交流与相互学习的桥梁。此处announce与BIBF构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，首字母大写。故填Announced。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：作为全球第二大书展，北京国际图书博览会的举办将为中华文化走向世界开辟更广阔的渠道，并成为不同文明之间交流与相互学习的桥梁。固定短语serve as“作为”。故填as。 【40题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：中国社会科学出版社社长赵剑英表示：“我们期望这些书籍能向全球读者展现一个多维度、鲜活的中国形象。”此处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该展会搭建了交流平台，让中外出版商、作家和译者得以展开对话。论坛探讨的主题包括如何利用书面语言这一媒介来促进不同文明之间的对话与交流。此处是定语从句，修饰先行词platforms，关系词在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该展会搭建了交流平台，让中外出版商、作家和译者得以展开对话。论坛探讨的主题包括如何利用书面语言这一媒介来促进不同文明之间的对话与交流。此处特指“书面语言这一媒介”，应用定冠词 the。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：作为今年的主宾国，沙特阿拉伯抓住机会，通过丰富多彩的展览来宣传其古老而又繁荣的文化。此处修饰名词culture，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：此次书展吸引了约30万名参观者，它加强了中国出版业与国际同行之间的联系，体现了双方对文化开放性的共同认同以及通过文学交流实现共同繁荣的理念。此处修饰数词300,000，应用副词roughly“大约”。故填roughly。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：此次书展吸引了约30万名参观者，它加强了中国出版业与国际同行之间的联系，体现了双方对文化开放性的共同认同以及通过文学交流实现共同繁荣的理念。此处作介词的宾语，应用名词openness“开放性”，不可数名词。故填openness。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰好友Chris目前正在学习汉语。他给你发来邮件，向你请教汉字“囍”的相关知识。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1.“囍”字的含义； 2.“囍”的使用场合。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Dear Chris, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Ha 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m glad you’re curious about the Chinese character “囍”. It’s formed by doubling “喜” (happiness), so it means double joy, which is why it’s always connected with the most joyful moments in life, especially weddings. You’ll mainly see “囍” at wedding ceremonies. It’s usually pasted on doors, windows, or red decorations, as people believe it can bring good fortune and convey sincere wishes for the new couple’s lifelong happiness. Exploring such characters helps you understand Chinese culture better. Feel free to ask more questions — happy to help! Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给爱尔兰好友Chris写一份邮件，向他介绍汉字“囍”的相关知识。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 表达：convey→express 好运：good fortune→good luck 幸福：happiness→well-being 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Exploring such characters helps you understand Chinese culture better. 拓展句：Exploring such characters, which are part of Chinese culture, helps you understand it better. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s formed by doubling “喜” (happiness), so it means double joy, which is why it’s always connected with the most joyful moments in life, especially weddings.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句以及why引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】It’s usually pasted on doors, windows, or red decorations, as people believe it can bring good fortune and convey sincere wishes for the new couple’s lifelong happiness.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’ve always known that I’m very quick with my hands. If someone throws something, I catch it almost before I’m aware it has been thrown. When I was young, I had no idea how useful this skill would become. Last week, I was going to visit a friend with her newborn and was on my way to a toy store to buy a gift. I’d once lived in the neighbourhood and I decided to head back to my old cupcake shop for a coffee. Sitting alone at a table outside with my drink, I was approached by an older man, who in a calm and very matter-of-fact way told me to call 911, because there was a baby on a fire escape. I jumped up to see where the baby was. I was so surprised to see it, wearing a little onesie (连体衣) and lying on the fire escape railings (栏杆) between the second and third storeys. I was nervous, so the baby boy became my only priority. As I was on the phone to the emergency services, I made eye contact with the child, keeping him calm, telling him to stay there. Some people were going up the stairs to find the parents, who were apparently sleeping through the whole drama. I just wanted the child to feel safe. I hoped he’d stay there until somebody could rescue him. Apparently he had slipped through pieces of cardboard placed next to an air-conditioning unit in the window, and without bars to protect him he’d crawled (爬) out and up the fire escape towards the next storey. He was only 16 months old. For him to even climb up and balance in that position was incredible. Then he slipped. Instinctively (本能), he grabbed on the railing as he fell, hanging by his arms. I knew he couldn’t hold on, 25 feet above the street, for long. I sensed people had gathered behind, but my attention was purely focused on my intention to catch the baby. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I made sure I was positioned to catch him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The moments after he was saved were exciting. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I made sure I was positioned to catch him. The firemen had not yet arrived, but the baby seemed unable to hold on. There was a lot of people around, but no one had a good idea to save him. The baby’s parents still did not appear. I tried to open my eyes to the glare of the sun to locate the baby. Suddenly the baby’s hand let go of the railing and dropped rapidly. I caught him as quickly as I could. At that moment my hanging heart finally fell down. The moments after he was saved were exciting. The crowd moved out of the way and the firemen arrived. Everyone felt nervous when the doctor examined the baby. A lot of people also expressed their admiration and respect for me. A woman took the baby out of my hands and explained to me that she was the mother. And then She sincerely thanked me. While everyone was circling around the baby, I left silently and walked to my friend’s house. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。“我”一直都知道“我”的手很快。“我”拿着饮料独自坐在小蛋糕店外面的一张桌子旁，一个人让“我”打911，因为在防火梯上有一个婴儿。婴儿本能地抓住栏杆，双臂悬吊着。“我”知道他不可能在离街道25英尺高的地方坚持太久。“我”感觉到有人聚集在后面，但“我”的注意力完全集中在“我”想要抓住孩子上。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“我确定了我要抓住他的位置。”可知，第一段可以描写“我”抓住婴儿的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“他被救后的那一刻是激动人心的。”可知，第二段可以描写婴儿获救后人们的反应。 2.续写线索：找好位置——掉下——接住——检查——没受伤——收到感谢——离开 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①到达：arrive/ reach ②拯救：save/ rescue ③出现：appear/ turn up 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/strained ②真诚地：sincerely/genuinely 【点睛】【高分句型1】I tried to open my eyes to the glare of the sun to locate the baby.(运用了不定式to locate作目的状语) 【高分句型2】Everyone felt nervous when the doctor examined the baby. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型3】A woman took the baby out of my hands and explained to me that she was the mother. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $