Unit 5 Wild animals 语法Grammar 动词不定式作宾语，目的状语，宾语补足语-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元语法精讲精练（译林版2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Wild animals 动词不定式作宾语，目的状语，宾语补足语 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 动词不定式 (Infinitive) 形式：to + 动词原形 (例如：to go, to eat, to study, to play) 特点：它不是句子的主要谓语动词，而是扮演其他角色（如名词、形容词或副词）。 1. 动词不定式作宾语 (Infinitive as Object) 功能： 跟在及物动词后面，充当该动词动作的直接承受者（回答“什么？”的问题）。这时不定式起名词的作用。 位置： 紧跟在谓语动词之后。 常用动词： 很多表示愿望、计划、决定、开始、尝试、喜欢、讨厌、同意、拒绝、希望、学习、忘记等的动词后面常跟不定式作宾语。 want (想要), would like (想要), hope (希望), wish (希望), plan (计划), decide (决定), agree (同意), refuse (拒绝), try (尝试), begin (开始), start (开始), like (喜欢), love (爱), hate (讨厌), learn (学习), forget (忘记), remember (记得), promise (承诺), offer (提出), manage (设法), choose (选择) 等。 结构： 主语 + 谓语动词 (及物) + to + 动词原形 (+ 其他) 例句： She wants to learn English. (她想要学英语。 “学英语”是“想要”的内容/对象) They decided to go on a picnic. (他们决定去野餐。 “去野餐”是“决定”的内容) He promised to help me. (他承诺帮助我。 “帮助我”是“承诺”的内容) Do you like to swim? (你喜欢游泳吗？ “游泳”是“喜欢”的对象) I forgot to lock the door. (我忘记锁门了。 “锁门”是“忘记”的内容) We need to buy some milk. (我们需要买些牛奶。 “买些牛奶”是“需要”的内容) 2. 动词不定式作目的状语 (Infinitive as Adverbial of Purpose) 功能： 表示主语做前面动作的目的、原因或意图（回答“为什么？”的问题）。这时不定式起副词的作用，修饰动词。 位置： 通常放在句子的后面（主句之后），有时为了强调也可放在句首（常用逗号隔开）。 结构： 主语 + 谓语 + ... + to + 动词原形 (+ 其他) (最常见) To + 动词原形 (+ 其他), + 主语 + 谓语 + ... (表强调) 常用短语： in order to (为了), so as to (以便) + 动词原形。这两个短语表达目的更正式、更清晰。 例句： She studies hard to pass the exam. (她努力学习是为了通过考试。 “通过考试”是“努力学习”的目的) To catch the early bus, he got up at 5 am. (为了赶上早班车，他5点就起床了。 “赶上早班车”是“起床”的目的) They came here to visit their grandparents. (他们来这里是为了看望他们的祖父母。 “看望祖父母”是“来这里”的目的) I'm saving money in order to buy a new bike. (我正在存钱为了买一辆新自行车。) He spoke slowly so as to be understood. (他说得很慢以便被理解。) We stopped to have a rest. (我们停下来休息一下。 “休息一下”是“停下来”的目的) 3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (Infinitive as Object Complement) 功能： 跟在某些特定及物动词的宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语做了什么动作或处于什么状态。宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系（宾语是补足语动作的执行者）。 位置： 紧跟在宾语之后。 常用动词： 使役动词： make (使), let (让), have (让，叫) -注意： 这三个动词后面的不定式省略 to！ 感官动词： see (看见), watch (观看), notice (注意到), observe (观察), look at (看), hear (听见), listen to (听), feel (感觉) -注意： 这些动词后面作宾补的不定式也省略 to！ 其他常见动词： ask (要求), tell (告诉), want (想要), wish (希望), order (命令), allow (允许), permit (允许), forbid (禁止), encourage (鼓励), invite (邀请), force (强迫), get (使得) -注意： 这些动词后面的不定式必须带 to！ 结构： 主语 + 谓语动词 (特定及物) + 宾语 + to + 动词原形 (+ 其他) (或 动词原形 不带 to) 例句 (带 to)： The teacher asked the students to be quiet. (老师要求学生安静。 “学生”是“安静”的执行者) My parents want me to become a doctor. (我父母想让我成为一名医生。 “我”是“成为”的执行者) Please tell him to come in. (请告诉他进来。 “他”是“进来”的执行者) The law doesn't allow people to smoke here. (法律不允许人们在这里吸烟。 “人们”是“吸烟”的执行者) I invited my friends to join the party. (我邀请了我的朋友们参加聚会。 “朋友们”是“参加”的执行者) 例句 (不带 to 使役动词 & 感官动词)： The movie made me cry. (那部电影让我哭了。 “我”是“哭”的执行者) Let him go. (让他走吧。 “他”是“走”的执行者) I heard her sing in the next room. (我听见她在隔壁唱歌了。 “她”是“唱歌”的执行者) Did you see the bird fly away? (你看到那只鸟飞走了吗？ “鸟”是“飞走”的执行者) We watched the children play football. (我们看孩子们踢足球。 “孩子们”是“踢”的执行者) 总结 & 对比表： 功能 作用 位置 关键判断点 常见动词类型 是否带 to 作宾语 是谓语动词动作的直接对象（承受者） 谓语动词后 回答“什么？” 愿望、计划、决定、尝试、喜好等 必须带 to 作目的状语 表示谓语动词动作的目的 通常在主句后，也可在句首 回答“为什么？”，可加“为了...”或“以便...” 无特定，修饰动词 必须带 to 作宾补 补充说明宾语的动作或状态（宾语执行） 宾语后 宾语是宾补动作的执行者（逻辑主谓关系） 使役动词、感官动词、要求/允许类 使役感官不带to 其他带to 1、 单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．We found it very interesting ________ English. A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．learns 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们发现学习英语很有趣。 考查非谓语动词。根据“We found it very interesting...English.”可知，此处为“find it+adj.+to do”结构，意为“发现做某事是怎么样的”，it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语。故选B。 2．Parents and children always expect ________ her son. A．to see B．seeing C．sees D．see 【答案】A 【详解】句意：父母和孩子总是期待见到她的儿子。 考查非谓语动词。expect to do sth“期待做某事”，为固定短语。故选A。 3．Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．not to share 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请保管好银行卡，并记住不要与任何人分享密码。 考查非谓语动词。remember to do记得要做某事；remember doing记住做过某事；remember not to do记住不要做某事。根据“Please keep your bank card safe”可知，要保管好银行卡，故应是记住不要把密码与任何人分享。故选D。 4．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他爸爸买不起这么大的带游泳池的房子。 考查非谓语动词。afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”，是固定搭配。故选C。 5．It’s time ________, Dad. It’s late at night. A．stop working B．to stop to work C．to stop working D．stop to work 【答案】C 【详解】句意：是时候停止工作了，爸爸。现在是深夜。 考查非谓语动词。It’s time to do sth“到做某事的时间了”；stop doing sth“停止做某事”；stop to do sth“停下（正在做的事）去做某事”。结合句意，此处让爸爸停止工作，故选C。 6．Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．to turning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你离开时，别忘记关电扇。 考查非谓语动词。forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事。根据“Don’t forget...off the fans when you leave.”可知，这里指离开时别忘记关电扇，动作还未做，应用动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 7．We ________ climbing at the weekend, but now we prefer to jog rather than ________ in the park. A．used to go; to climb B．are used to going; climbing     C．used to go; climb D．are used to go; to climb 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们过去常常在周末去爬山，但现在我们宁愿在公园里慢跑也不愿去爬山。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。used to do过去常常做；be used to doing习惯于做；be used to do被用来做。根据“but now”可知，第一空是指以前在周末爬山；prefer to do...rather than do...“宁愿做……而不愿做……”，固定搭配。故选C。 8．She tries ________ detailed notes in class ________ she may better understand the difficult points after class. A．takes; because B．taking; but C．to take; so D．taking; or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她在课堂上尽力记详细的笔记，以便课后能更好地理解难点。 考查非谓语动词和连词辨析。takes记下；taking动名词或现在分词；to take动词不定式；so所以；or或者。because因为；but但是；首先，“try to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“尽力做某事”，“try doing sth.”表示“尝试做某事”，结合语境这里是说尽力记笔记，所以第一空应填“to take”。第二空“she may better understand the difficult points after class”是“她在课堂上尽力记详细笔记”的目的，所以填“so”。故选C。 9．Mr. Green makes ________ possible for us ________ English easily and in an interesting way. A．it; learning B．it; to learn C．that; learning D．that; to learn 【答案】B 【详解】句意：格林先生使我们能够以一种有趣的方式轻松地学习英语。 考查it作形式宾语和非谓语动词。make it+形容词+for sb to do sth表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to do sth。故选B。 10．He decided ________ money for the village girls, so they can have enough money to go to school. A．raises B．raising C．raise D．to raise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他决定为村里的女孩筹集资金，这样她们就有足够的钱上学了。 考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，是固定搭配。故选D。 11．—We’re so tired. Can we stop ________ a rest? —Sure. Let’s sit there. A．having B．had C．to have D．have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们那么累。我们可以停下来休息一下吗？——当然可以。让我们坐在那儿。 考查非谓语动词。having是have的动名词形式；had是have/has的过去式；to have是动词不定式；have是动词原形。stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事，stop doing sth.停止做某事，此处指停下来去休息，故应用to have。故选C。 12．—Would you like to ________ us for dinner tonight? —Yes, I’d like to. A．join B．take part in C．took part in D．joined 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——今晚你愿意和我们一起共进晚餐吗？——是的，我很乐意。 考查非谓语动词和动词辨析。join指加入组织、机构或团体等，并成为其中的一员；take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。根据空后的“us”可知，应该是加入“我们”这样一个团体，用join；would like to do sth“愿意做某事”，故选A。 13．I have decided ________ there by air. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我决定乘坐飞机去那里。 考查非谓语动词。go去，原形；going动名词或现在分词；to go不定式；went过去式。根据“I have decided...”可知，decide to do sth是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 14．Many students are talking about Deep Seek, and I hope _________ it to remember English words. A．use B．used C．using D．to use 【答案】D 【详解】句意：很多学生都在谈论Deep Seek，我希望用它来记忆英语单词。 考查不定式作宾语。use使用，动词原形；used使用，过去分词；using使用，动名词；to use使用，不定式。hope to do意为“希望做某事”，to do作宾语。故选D。 15．We should do our best________people from________animals. A．stop; hurt B．stop; hurting C．to stop; hurt D．to stop; hurting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该竭尽所能阻止人们伤害动物。 考查动词短语搭。do one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”，故第一空用to stop；stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，from后接动名词，故第二空用hurting。 故选D。 16．The new technology enables us ________ the task in a short time. A．to complete B．complete C．completing D．completed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新技术使我们在短时间内完成任务。 考查非谓语动词用法。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，固定搭配。故空处需动词不定式。故选A。 17．She missed the bus. It made her ________ for an hour for the next one. A．wait B．waited C．waiting D．to wait 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她错过了公交车。这让她为下一班车等了一个小时。 考查非谓语动词。make sb do sth表示“使某人做某事”，故选A。 18．My mother allows me ________ the Internet for half an hour every weekend. A．surfing B．to surf C．to surfing D．surf 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈允许我每个周末上网半小时。 考查非谓语动词。根据“allows me”可知考查allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事”。故选B。 19．My friend asked me ________ an English party with her this weekend. A．to go to B．go to C．goes to D．went to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的朋友邀请我这个周末和她一起参加一个英语派对。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，固定搭配。故空处需动词不定式。故选A。 20．Before the music festival, organizers warned people _______ rubbish on the ground. A．to sell B．not to sell C．to throw D．not to throw 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在音乐节开始前，组织者警告人们不要在地上扔垃圾。 考查非谓语动词。to sell卖，不定式；not to sell不卖；to throw扔，不定式；not to throw不要扔。根据“warned people...rubbish”可知，warn sb not to do sth“警告某人不要做某事”，throw rubbish意为“扔垃圾”，固定搭配。故选D。 21．My friend invited me ________ the art club, and I agreed with it happily. A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining 【答案】B 【详解】句意：朋友邀请我加入美术俱乐部，我愉快地答应了。 考查非谓语动词。根据短语invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”可知，空处应选动词不定式to join。故选B。 22．David asked me ________ him at Beihaibei subway station before we went to the park. A．to meet B．met C．meeting D．meet 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大卫叫我在我们去公园之前到北海北地铁站和他碰面。 考查ask的用法。ask sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意为“叫某人做某事”。故选A。 23．My parents don’t allow me ________ a dog at home. A．to keep B．kept C．keeping D．keeps 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的父母不允许我在家养狗。 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 24．Jack’s father is quite strict and he never allows Jack ______ money ______ his classmates. A．to borrow; from B．borrow; from C．to borrow; to D．borrow; to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰克的父亲相当严格，他从不允许杰克向同学借钱。 考查非谓语动词和介词。from来自；to到。allow sb to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补；borrow…from…表示“从……借……”，是固定搭配。故选A。 25．— I worked in an old people’s home last summer. — Oh, what did they ask you ________ out with? A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——去年夏天我在一家养老院工作。——哦，他们让你帮助做什么？ 考查非谓语。ask sb. to do sth“让某人做某事”，空处填不定式，故选C。 26．My father told me ________ too much time playing computer games. A．not spend B．not to spend C．not spending D．don’t spend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 考查动词不定式的否定形式。根据“My father told me...too much time playing computer games.”可知，句中“tell sb. not to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式的否定形式“not to spend”符合句子语法。故选B。 27．The scientists are trying to find out what makes the atoms in the molecule _______ apart. A．break B．breaking C．to break D．broken 【答案】A 【详解】句意：科学家们正试图找出是什么使分子中的原子分裂。 考查非谓语动词。make…do sth.“使……做某事”，是固定搭配，A项符合。故选A。 28．What the naughty boy had done made the little girl ________ annoyed. A．feel B．feeling C．to feel D．felt 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那个调皮的男孩所做的事让小女孩感到烦恼。 考查非谓语动词。根据“made the little girl ... annoyed”可知，此处是make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，空处用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 29．My sister encouraged me ________ English as often as possible. And then my spoken English can be improved. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking D．spoke 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的姐姐鼓励我尽可能多地说英语。这样我的英语口语才能提高。 考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 30．—Let’s ________ the National Museum with me. —OK, but we should check the opening times on the website first. A．visiting B．to visit C．visits D．visit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——让我们一起去参观国家博物馆吧。——好的，但我们应该先在网站上查看开放时间。 考查非谓语动词。Let’s do sth.“让我们做……吧”。空格处应该填动词原形。故选D。 31．________ healthy, you need to eat vegetables and exercise often. A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．To keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你需要多吃蔬菜并且经常锻炼。 考查非谓语动词作目的状语的用法。 keep保持，动词原形；kept保持，是keep的过去式和过去分词形式；keeping保持，是keep的现在分词形式；to keep保持，是keep的动词不定式形式。根据句子“you need to eat vegetables and exercise often”可知，前面部分需要用动词不定式来表示目的，意为“为了……”。“to keep”可以作目的状语，符合句子语境。故选D。 32．She is very kind. She always volunteers here ______ old people. A．looks after B．look after C．looking after D．to look after 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她非常善良。她总是自愿在这里照顾老人。 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词volunteers，因此空格处需要填入非谓语动词形式，表示做志愿者的目的，用不定式to look after表示目的。故选D。 33．—I hope to join the Environmental Protection Club. —Good idea, Zhao Mei. ________ more about it, you can visit the website of the club. A．Know B．Knowing C．To know D．Knows 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我希望加入环保俱乐部。——好主意，赵梅。想了解更多，可以访问俱乐部的网站。 考查非谓语动词。分析“...more about it, you can visit the website of the club.”可知，访问俱乐部网站的目的是为了了解更多关于俱乐部的信息，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 34．Daniel is a kind boy, he does many things ________ the homeless animals. A．protecting B．to protect C．to hunt D．hunting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Daniel是个好男孩，他做许多事去保护无家可归的动物。 考查非谓语动词及动词辨析。hunt打猎；protect保护。根据“Daniel is a kind boy”及语境可知，他做这些的目的是“为了保护动物”，所以用动词不定式to do作目的状语，故选B。 35．—________ more about the Birdwatching Society, you can call 025-88692430. —OK, I will. Thank you. A．Know B．Knowing C．To know D．Knew 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——想了解更多关于观鸟协会的信息，你可以拨打025-88692430。 ——好的，我会的。谢谢你！ 考查非谓语动词。know“知道，了解”，动词；分析句子结构可知，句中“can call”为谓语，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 36．_________ popcorn, you need corn and salt. A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：要做爆米花，你需要玉米和盐。 考查非谓语动词。Make做，动词原形；To make为了做，动词不定式；Making做，动名词；Made做，过去式/过去分词。根据“you need corn and salt”可知此处是在描述做爆米花所需要的材料，所以要用动词不定式表示目的，即“为了做爆米花”。故选B。 37．Jack always tells funny jokes ________ his classmates laugh at school. A．make B．to make C．makes D．making 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在学校Jack总是讲有趣的笑话来逗笑他的同学。 考查动词不定式。根据“Jack always tells funny jokes...his classmates laugh”可知，Jack讲笑话是为了逗笑他的同学，不定式作目的状语。故选B。 38．—Do you often climb mountains? —Yes, ________ a little exercise. I’m out of shape. A．getting B．get C．got D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你经常爬山吗？——是的，为了做一点运动。我身材走样了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I’m out of shape.”可知，爬山的目的是为了做一点运动，故应用动词不定式表目的。故选D。 39．Granny sat there and watched the kids ________ sure they wouldn’t make too much noise. A．to make B．make C．making D．made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：奶奶坐在那里看着孩子们，确保他们不会发出太大的噪音。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Granny sat there and watched the kids...sure they wouldn’t make too much noise”可知，奶奶坐在那里看着孩子们的目的是确保他们不会发出太大的噪音，所以此处应用动词不定式表目的，故选A。 40．—There are so many people in the park every morning. —Many of them come here ________ exercise. A．do B．doing C．to do D．did 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——每天早上公园里都有很多人。——他们中的许多人来这里锻炼身体。 考查非谓语动词。根据“come here ... exercise”可知，来这里是为了锻炼身体，应用动词不定式表目的，做目的状语，故选C。 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．I can’t afford (waste) time on meaningless things, so I always take a book with me. 【答案】to waste 【详解】句意：我经不起在无意义的事情上浪费时间，所以总是随身带一本书。afford to do sth.表示“承担得起做某事”，需接动词不定式。故填to waste。 42．We shall learn to (communication) with people from other countries. 【答案】communicate 【详解】句意：我们应该学习和来自其他国家的人沟通。根据“We shall learn to...with people from other countries.”可知，learn to do sth.“学习做某事”，所以应用动词原形communicate。故填communicate。 43．The kind stranger offered (pay) for the books that the student could not afford. 【答案】to pay 【详解】句意：那位好心的陌生人主动提出为这个学生买不起的书买单。offer to do sth“主动提议做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to pay。 44．Life was different, but I managed (get) used to it. 【答案】to get 【详解】句意：生活不一样了，但我设法习惯它。manage to do sth“设法做某事”。故填to get。 45．Many volunteers are really kind, and they always volunteer (help) others for free. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：许多志愿者真的很善良，他们总是志愿免费帮助别人。volunteer to do sth.“志愿做某事”，是固定短语。故填to help。 46．Please don’t let them (wait) for such a long time. 【答案】wait 【详解】句意：请不要让他们等待这么长的时间。let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处应用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填wait。 47．Don’t ask me (explain) this unless you really do not understand. 【答案】to explain 【详解】句意：不要让我解释，除非你真的不明白。ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，空处用不定式形式作补语，故填to explain。 48．They’ve invited us (go) over to their place and stay for the weekend. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to go 【详解】句意：他们邀请我们去他们家过周末。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，空处用不定式形式。故填to go。 49．He often makes me (laugh). 【答案】laugh 【详解】句意：他经常让我大笑。laugh“大笑”，make sb do“让某人做……”，省略to的不定式作宾补。故填laugh。 50．5G allows people in two different cities “ (shake) hands” on the same screen. 【答案】to shake 【详解】句意：5G让两个不同城市的人们在同一屏幕上“握手”。allow sb. to do sth允许某人做某事，故填to shake。 51．Can you help me (organize) the party tomorrow? 【答案】organize/to organize 【详解】句意：你能帮我组织明天的晚会吗？根据“help me … the party”结合提示词可知，help sb. do“帮助某人做某事 ”，或help sb. to do“帮助某人做某事”。故填organize/to organize。 52． (complete) her collection, Jane flew to many countries for the rare stamps. 【答案】To complete 【详解】句意：为了完成她的收藏，Jane坐飞机到很多国家寻找稀有的邮票。根据分析句子成分可知，空处需动词不定式作目的状语，complete“完成”的动词不定式为to complete，放句首时，首字母大写。故填To complete。 53．To (be) healthy, we should eat more vegetables and fruits. 【答案】be 【详解】句意：为了健康，我们应该多吃蔬菜和水果。空前的To是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形，结合提示词可知，空处应填be。故填be。 54． (celebrate) the World Book Day, the bookstore sold books at a lower price on April 23rd. 【答案】To celebrate 【详解】句意：为了庆祝世界读书日，这个书店在4月23日以较低的价格出售书籍。celebrate“庆祝”，动词。分析题干和提示词可知，这个书店在4月23日以较低的价格出售书籍是为了庆祝世界读书日，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，空处应填to celebrate，句首首字母t要大写。故填To celebrate。 55．We’ll try our best (win) the competition. 【答案】to win 【详解】句意：我们将尽最大努力赢得比赛。try one’s best to do sth“尽某人最大努力做某事”，空处应填动词不定式，故填to win。 56． (deal) with culture shock, you can keep a diary. 【答案】To deal 【详解】句意：为了应对文化冲击，你可以写日记。根据“...(deal) with culture shock, you can keep a diary.”可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填To deal。 57．We can put up some notices (tell) people to keep the park tidy and clean. 【答案】to tell 【详解】句意：我们可以张贴一些通知，告诉人们保持公园整洁。此处用动词不定式作目的状语从句。故填to tell。 58．What do you think we can do (save) the animals? 【答案】to save 【详解】句意：你认为我们能做些什么来拯救这些动物？根据句子结构可知，此处需要动词不定式“to save”作目的状语，表示我们做某事是为了拯救这些动物。故填to save。 59．Jim often takes notes in class (remember) what the teacher said. 【答案】to remember 【详解】句意：吉姆经常在课堂上记笔记来记住老师说的话。根据“Jim often takes notes in class... what the teacher said.”可知，记笔记是为了记住老师说的话，动词不定式作目的状语。故填to remember。 60．The boy made a plan (save) himself and his sister. 【答案】to save 【详解】句意：这个男孩制定了一个计划来拯救他自己和他的妹妹。make a plan to do sth. “制定计划做某事”，应用动词不定式，故填to save。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Wild animals 动词不定式作宾语，目的状语，宾语补足语 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 动词不定式 (Infinitive) 形式：to + 动词原形 (例如：to go, to eat, to study, to play) 特点：它不是句子的主要谓语动词，而是扮演其他角色（如名词、形容词或副词）。 1. 动词不定式作宾语 (Infinitive as Object) 功能： 跟在及物动词后面，充当该动词动作的直接承受者（回答“什么？”的问题）。这时不定式起名词的作用。 位置： 紧跟在谓语动词之后。 常用动词： 很多表示愿望、计划、决定、开始、尝试、喜欢、讨厌、同意、拒绝、希望、学习、忘记等的动词后面常跟不定式作宾语。 want (想要), would like (想要), hope (希望), wish (希望), plan (计划), decide (决定), agree (同意), refuse (拒绝), try (尝试), begin (开始), start (开始), like (喜欢), love (爱), hate (讨厌), learn (学习), forget (忘记), remember (记得), promise (承诺), offer (提出), manage (设法), choose (选择) 等。 结构： 主语 + 谓语动词 (及物) + to + 动词原形 (+ 其他) 例句： She wants to learn English. (她想要学英语。 “学英语”是“想要”的内容/对象) They decided to go on a picnic. (他们决定去野餐。 “去野餐”是“决定”的内容) He promised to help me. (他承诺帮助我。 “帮助我”是“承诺”的内容) Do you like to swim? (你喜欢游泳吗？ “游泳”是“喜欢”的对象) I forgot to lock the door. (我忘记锁门了。 “锁门”是“忘记”的内容) We need to buy some milk. (我们需要买些牛奶。 “买些牛奶”是“需要”的内容) 2. 动词不定式作目的状语 (Infinitive as Adverbial of Purpose) 功能： 表示主语做前面动作的目的、原因或意图（回答“为什么？”的问题）。这时不定式起副词的作用，修饰动词。 位置： 通常放在句子的后面（主句之后），有时为了强调也可放在句首（常用逗号隔开）。 结构： 主语 + 谓语 + ... + to + 动词原形 (+ 其他) (最常见) To + 动词原形 (+ 其他), + 主语 + 谓语 + ... (表强调) 常用短语： in order to (为了), so as to (以便) + 动词原形。这两个短语表达目的更正式、更清晰。 例句： She studies hard to pass the exam. (她努力学习是为了通过考试。 “通过考试”是“努力学习”的目的) To catch the early bus, he got up at 5 am. (为了赶上早班车，他5点就起床了。 “赶上早班车”是“起床”的目的) They came here to visit their grandparents. (他们来这里是为了看望他们的祖父母。 “看望祖父母”是“来这里”的目的) I'm saving money in order to buy a new bike. (我正在存钱为了买一辆新自行车。) He spoke slowly so as to be understood. (他说得很慢以便被理解。) We stopped to have a rest. (我们停下来休息一下。 “休息一下”是“停下来”的目的) 3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (Infinitive as Object Complement) 功能： 跟在某些特定及物动词的宾语后面，用来补充说明宾语做了什么动作或处于什么状态。宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系（宾语是补足语动作的执行者）。 位置： 紧跟在宾语之后。 常用动词： 使役动词： make (使), let (让), have (让，叫) -注意： 这三个动词后面的不定式省略 to！ 感官动词： see (看见), watch (观看), notice (注意到), observe (观察), look at (看), hear (听见), listen to (听), feel (感觉) -注意： 这些动词后面作宾补的不定式也省略 to！ 其他常见动词： ask (要求), tell (告诉), want (想要), wish (希望), order (命令), allow (允许), permit (允许), forbid (禁止), encourage (鼓励), invite (邀请), force (强迫), get (使得) -注意： 这些动词后面的不定式必须带 to！ 结构： 主语 + 谓语动词 (特定及物) + 宾语 + to + 动词原形 (+ 其他) (或 动词原形 不带 to) 例句 (带 to)： The teacher asked the students to be quiet. (老师要求学生安静。 “学生”是“安静”的执行者) My parents want me to become a doctor. (我父母想让我成为一名医生。 “我”是“成为”的执行者) Please tell him to come in. (请告诉他进来。 “他”是“进来”的执行者) The law doesn't allow people to smoke here. (法律不允许人们在这里吸烟。 “人们”是“吸烟”的执行者) I invited my friends to join the party. (我邀请了我的朋友们参加聚会。 “朋友们”是“参加”的执行者) 例句 (不带 to 使役动词 & 感官动词)： The movie made me cry. (那部电影让我哭了。 “我”是“哭”的执行者) Let him go. (让他走吧。 “他”是“走”的执行者) I heard her sing in the next room. (我听见她在隔壁唱歌了。 “她”是“唱歌”的执行者) Did you see the bird fly away? (你看到那只鸟飞走了吗？ “鸟”是“飞走”的执行者) We watched the children play football. (我们看孩子们踢足球。 “孩子们”是“踢”的执行者) 总结 & 对比表： 功能 作用 位置 关键判断点 常见动词类型 是否带 to 作宾语 是谓语动词动作的直接对象（承受者） 谓语动词后 回答“什么？” 愿望、计划、决定、尝试、喜好等 必须带 to 作目的状语 表示谓语动词动作的目的 通常在主句后，也可在句首 回答“为什么？”，可加“为了...”或“以便...” 无特定，修饰动词 必须带 to 作宾补 补充说明宾语的动作或状态（宾语执行） 宾语后 宾语是宾补动作的执行者（逻辑主谓关系） 使役动词、感官动词、要求/允许类 使役感官不带to 其他带to 1、 单项选择(本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共60分) 1．We found it very interesting ________ English. A．learning B．to learn C．learn D．learns 2．Parents and children always expect ________ her son. A．to see B．seeing C．sees D．see 3．Please keep your bank card safe and remember ________ the passwords with anyone. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．not to share 4．His father can’t afford ________ such a big house with a swimming pool. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 5．It’s time ________, Dad. It’s late at night. A．stop working B．to stop to work C．to stop working D．stop to work 6．Don’t forget ________ off the fans when you leave. A．turn B．turning C．to turn D．to turning 7．We ________ climbing at the weekend, but now we prefer to jog rather than ________ in the park. A．used to go; to climb B．are used to going; climbing     C．used to go; climb D．are used to go; to climb 8．She tries ________ detailed notes in class ________ she may better understand the difficult points after class. A．takes; because B．taking; but C．to take; so D．taking; or 9．Mr. Green makes ________ possible for us ________ English easily and in an interesting way. A．it; learning B．it; to learn C．that; learning D．that; to learn 10．He decided ________ money for the village girls, so they can have enough money to go to school. A．raises B．raising C．raise D．to raise 11．—We’re so tired. Can we stop ________ a rest? —Sure. Let’s sit there. A．having B．had C．to have D．have 12．—Would you like to ________ us for dinner tonight? —Yes, I’d like to. A．join B．take part in C．took part in D．joined 13．I have decided ________ there by air. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 14．Many students are talking about Deep Seek, and I hope _________ it to remember English words. A．use B．used C．using D．to use 15．We should do our best________people from________animals. A．stop; hurt B．stop; hurting C．to stop; hurt D．to stop; hurting 16．The new technology enables us ________ the task in a short time. A．to complete B．complete C．completing D．completed 17．She missed the bus. It made her ________ for an hour for the next one. A．wait B．waited C．waiting D．to wait 18．My mother allows me ________ the Internet for half an hour every weekend. A．surfing B．to surf C．to surfing D．surf 19．My friend asked me ________ an English party with her this weekend. A．to go to B．go to C．goes to D．went to 20．Before the music festival, organizers warned people _______ rubbish on the ground. A．to sell B．not to sell C．to throw D．not to throw 21．My friend invited me ________ the art club, and I agreed with it happily. A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining 22．David asked me ________ him at Beihaibei subway station before we went to the park. A．to meet B．met C．meeting D．meet 23．My parents don’t allow me ________ a dog at home. A．to keep B．kept C．keeping D．keeps 24．Jack’s father is quite strict and he never allows Jack ______ money ______ his classmates. A．to borrow; from B．borrow; from C．to borrow; to D．borrow; to 25．— I worked in an old people’s home last summer. — Oh, what did they ask you ________ out with? A．help B．helping C．to help D．helped 26．My father told me ________ too much time playing computer games. A．not spend B．not to spend C．not spending D．don’t spend 27．The scientists are trying to find out what makes the atoms in the molecule _______ apart. A．break B．breaking C．to break D．broken 28．What the naughty boy had done made the little girl ________ annoyed. A．feel B．feeling C．to feel D．felt 29．My sister encouraged me ________ English as often as possible. And then my spoken English can be improved. A．speak B．to speak C．speaking D．spoke 30．—Let’s ________ the National Museum with me. —OK, but we should check the opening times on the website first. A．visiting B．to visit C．visits D．visit 31．________ healthy, you need to eat vegetables and exercise often. A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．To keep 32．She is very kind. She always volunteers here ______ old people. A．looks after B．look after C．looking after D．to look after 33．—I hope to join the Environmental Protection Club. —Good idea, Zhao Mei. ________ more about it, you can visit the website of the club. A．Know B．Knowing C．To know D．Knows 34．Daniel is a kind boy, he does many things ________ the homeless animals. A．protecting B．to protect C．to hunt D．hunting 35．—________ more about the Birdwatching Society, you can call 025-88692430. —OK, I will. Thank you. A．Know B．Knowing C．To know D．Knew 36．_________ popcorn, you need corn and salt. A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Made 37．Jack always tells funny jokes ________ his classmates laugh at school. A．make B．to make C．makes D．making 38．—Do you often climb mountains? —Yes, ________ a little exercise. I’m out of shape. A．getting B．get C．got D．to get 39．Granny sat there and watched the kids ________ sure they wouldn’t make too much noise. A．to make B．make C．making D．made 40．—There are so many people in the park every morning. —Many of them come here ________ exercise. A．do B．doing C．to do D．did 二、单词拼写(本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 41．I can’t afford (waste) time on meaningless things, so I always take a book with me. 42．We shall learn to (communication) with people from other countries. 43．The kind stranger offered (pay) for the books that the student could not afford. 44．Life was different, but I managed (get) used to it. 45．Many volunteers are really kind, and they always volunteer (help) others for free. 46．Please don’t let them (wait) for such a long time. 47．Don’t ask me (explain) this unless you really do not understand. 48．They’ve invited us (go) over to their place and stay for the weekend. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 49．He often makes me (laugh). 50．5G allows people in two different cities “ (shake) hands” on the same screen. 51．Can you help me (organize) the party tomorrow? 52． (complete) her collection, Jane flew to many countries for the rare stamps. 53．To (be) healthy, we should eat more vegetables and fruits. 54． (celebrate) the World Book Day, the bookstore sold books at a lower price on April 23rd. 55．We’ll try our best (win) the competition. 56． (deal) with culture shock, you can keep a diary. 57．We can put up some notices (tell) people to keep the park tidy and clean. 58．What do you think we can do (save) the animals? 59．Jim often takes notes in class (remember) what the teacher said. 60．The boy made a plan (save) himself and his sister. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$